Rural communities require means for obtaining access to affordable broadband infrastructure and services to meet their economic development, education, and quality of life objectives. Due to the comparatively low potential for return on investment in serving isolated rural communities, the private sector telecommunications providers have proved unwilling or unable to provide beyond the very basic services for rural communities. Private sector providers must maximize their return on investment as it is their responsibility to shareholders. Return on investment is maximized in urban areas as opposed to rural areas because the high capital cost per connection is higher in rural areas; the operating cost per connection is higher; and the revenues per connection tend to be lower. This thesis explores the feasibility of municipal and private sector provider strategic alliances as an approach to provisioning rural areas with improved telecommunications infrastructure and services. As a means of determining whether the possibility exists of a "meeting of the minds" between municipalities and private sector telecommunications providers, a series of interviews was conducted. Common themes from the interviews were analyzed for areas of mutual interest and of polarized perspectives. In pursuing an alliance model, communities may need to consider less than the optimal technological solution in exchange for the opportunity to exemplify the ability to collaborate with a willing private sector partner. The results suggest that, while the prospects for strategic alliances as an emerging business model appear dim, opportunities do exist for rural communities and small private sector companies to find mutual interest on an exceptional basis in developing strategies for access to telecommunications infrastructure and services. / Master of Science

基於語言、歷史、文化與政治因素，台日商策略聯盟具備進軍中國大陸市場的優勢。「十二五規劃」發展服務業與城市化，台商與日商攜手進軍中國大陸市場，可為雙方帶來綜效。 本研究整理與分析策略聯盟理論與相關文獻，並對台日商策略聯盟解析。依本文台日商策略聯盟服務業分析，以品牌授權為最佳模式。筆者赴上海田野調查一月，訪談十七位台商與學者，其中發現：採用授權合作模式，台日雙方可保有最大自主性，亦可充分發揮雙方競爭優勢，在中國大陸市場應可獲得最大利益。 台日商服務業策略聯盟，具有以下綜效意義與價值：(1)技術共 享與策略協調。理解並善用雙方優勢與清楚定位，提高技術與成本綜效。(2)有形資源共享。台日商就產品設計、創新、行銷、品牌以及服務，清楚分工，並達成共識，選擇中國大陸優良廠商製造，發揮本土化與降低成本等天時、地利，及人和效益。(3)垂直功能整合。台商著重行銷服務，與日商負責研發創新的垂直分工，創造高附加價值績效。(4)談判能力的結合。臺日結盟，產生規模經濟的合作型態尚未出現。隨著臺灣中小企業在中國大陸市場逐漸大型化，期望與日本企業形成談判能力，突破成本困境。(5)創新事業的整合。善用雙方策略性互補與深厚的信賴關係，擴大合作綜效與機會。 臺日雙方以開放、分享的態度，減少反綜效發生，強化技術、資源、以及成本與整合等優勢，始能發揮最大效果。在兩岸ECFA簽訂後，台日商，特別是中小企業如何在信任基礎上，建立有效合作模式，結合優勢、相容性、產業價值鏈之互補性，策略運用，以及合作思維調整，以因應市場變化，應為重要課題。 / The “12th Five-Year Plan” focuses on the development of the service industry and urbanization. With mainland China’s immature services development, the alliance among Taiwanese and Japanese entrepreneurs has the advantage to enter the market. This study systematically organizes and analyzes the theories of international strategic alliances, as well as the relevant literature review. The author who spent a month of fieldwork in Shanghai interviewed 17 entrepreneurs and scholars to find that licensing model could maintain maximum autonomy between Taiwanese and Japanese companies, and at the same time, give full competitive advantage to both sides, which allows complete access to the best interests in mainland China. The Taiwan-Japan strategic alliance in the service sector has the following meaning and value of synergy: (1) to understand and take advantage of strengths and clear positioning to both sides by technology sharing and policy coordination to improve the technical and cost synergies, (2) to reach a consensus on tangible resource sharing, such as product design, innovation, marketing , branding, services and choice of excellent manufacturers in mainland China to localize and reduce costs, (3) to be responsible for marketing by the Taiwanese, and research as well as innovation by the Japanese to create high value-added performance, (4) to look forward to combine bargaining power by generating economies of scale with Taiwan’s SMEs large-scaled formation in mainland China to break through the cost dilemma, (5) to use strategic complementarity and deep relations of trust of both sides to expand business cooperation synergy and opportunities. Strategic alliance between Taiwanese and Japanese entrepreneurs achieves maximum results with an open attitude to reduce the occurrence of anti-synergy and enhance technology, resources, cost and integration. Developing the domestic market is the government policy of mainland China. After the signing of the cross-strait ECFA, Taiwanese and Japanese entrepreneurs should establish an effective and a systematic evaluation criteria based on trust from both sides, exploiting superiority, compatibility and complementarities of industry value chain to work on the maximum benefit.

Os hospitais são de extrema relevância para o bem estar e saúde da população, e assumem importante posição na sociedade devido a sua função social e econômica. Essas instituições possuem um ambiente complexo e dinâmico, com várias carências na gestão administrativa, de investimentos financeiros, de uma eficiente infraestrutura de suprimentos e equipamentos entre outras. A aliança logística está sobressaindo como oportunidade estratégica a agregar valor no setor hospitalar. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta tese é propor uma sistemática para a orientação do planejamento e operação de aliança logística entre hospitais. Para tanto, o trabalho utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa-exploratória, com estratégia de pesquisa embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de casos múltiplos (07 hospitais). A seleção dos hospitais foi por análise de ranking das listas disponibilizadas pela JCI (Joint Commission International) e pelo \'Provão do SUS - Sistema Único de Saúde\', sendo escolhidos os cinco principais hospitais de cada uma, que localizassem no Estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com os responsáveis pelas áreas de suprimentos/logística e farmácia. Os resultados permitiram sistematizar quadros referenciais teóricos das características, motivos, facilitadores, benefícios, dificuldades, abordagens de gestão e propor uma sistemática de planejamento e operação da aliança logística entre hospitais. Também, concluiu-se que as alianças logísticas entre hospitais possuem foco na área de materiais médicos e medicamentos, por meio do desenvolvimento de atividades de empréstimos, trocas e consignações, negociação e compra conjunta. Essas relações podem proporcionar ganhos nos fluxos de materiais, medicamentos e informações, consequentemente melhores resultados em relação a custo, quantidade, tempo, lugar e qualidade, influenciando no nível de desempenho da prestação de serviço e no pronto atendimento ao paciente. / Hospitals are very important for the welfare and health of the population, and take on an important position in society because of its social and economic function. These institutions have a complex and dynamic environment, with several lacks in administrative management financial investments, efficient infrastructure supplies and equipment among others. The alliance logistics is standing out as a strategic opportunity to add value in the hospital sector. In this sense, the objective of this thesis is to propose a systematic for the orientation of the planning and operation of logistics alliance between hospitals. For this, the work used a qualitative and exploratory approach, based on the research strategy in bibliographic research and multiple cases study (07 hospitals). The selection of hospitals was by analysis of ranking lists provided by JCI (Joint Commission International) and the \'Provão SUS - Health System\', chosen the five main reference hospitals in each, which locate in the state of São Paulo. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured interview guide with those responsible for the area of supply/logistics and pharmacy. The results allowed systematizing theoretical reference frameworks of the characteristics, motives, facilitators, benefits, critical points, management approaches and proposing a systematic planning and operation of logistics alliance between hospitals. Also, it was concluded that the logistics alliances between hospitals have focus in the area of medical supplies and medicines, through the development of lending activities, exchanges and assignments, and negotiation and joint purchasing. These relationships can provide gains in material flows, drugs and information, consequently better results in terms of cost, quantity, time, place and quality, influencing the performance level of service delivery and emergency care to patient.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:12:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2 / Nenhuma / A estrutura e a estratégia das organizações são afetadas pela competitividade, intensificada nas últimas décadas. Devido a isso, as entidades buscam estratégias para continuarem ou se tornarem competitivas no mercado, sendo uma delas a procura por alianças estratégicas com outras organizações, atuantes ou não no mesmo mercado. Esta é a razão que motivou a realização do presente estudo, cujo objetivo foi verificar os reflexos das alianças estratégicas nos resultados econômicos das empresas que a adotam, usando como referencial o caso TAM e VARIG durante sua duração. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental a partir das demonstrações contábeis de VARIG e TAM para descrever possíveis impactos oriundos do compartilhamento de vôos ocorridos entre os anos de 2003 a 2005. Verificou-se que a aliança estratégica produziu resultados positivos para ambas as empresas, contudo seus efeitos benéficos puderam ser colhidos em maior proporção pela VARIG, através de uma redução de custos e despesas mais representativas / The structure and the strategy of the organizations have being affected by the international competition intensified in the last decades. Because of this concurrency the entities have being searching strategies in order to remain competitive in the market being one of them to look for partnership with other companies. This is the reason that motivated the present study which general main aim is to verify the reflexes of strategic alliances in the economic income of the companies that adopted it, using as reference the case of TAM and VARIG during their partnership. The methodology of this present study is classified as for the technical proceedings like “documental” therefore financial statements of VARIG and TAM are used to describe possible impacts from the partaking of flights occurred from 2003 until 2005. The method of research used gave us the possibility to conclude that the strategic alliance probably influenced the reduction of operational costs and expenses of both companies during the period of tim

Os hospitais são de extrema relevância para o bem estar e saúde da população, e assumem importante posição na sociedade devido a sua função social e econômica. Essas instituições possuem um ambiente complexo e dinâmico, com várias carências na gestão administrativa, de investimentos financeiros, de uma eficiente infraestrutura de suprimentos e equipamentos entre outras. A aliança logística está sobressaindo como oportunidade estratégica a agregar valor no setor hospitalar. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta tese é propor uma sistemática para a orientação do planejamento e operação de aliança logística entre hospitais. Para tanto, o trabalho utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa-exploratória, com estratégia de pesquisa embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de casos múltiplos (07 hospitais). A seleção dos hospitais foi por análise de ranking das listas disponibilizadas pela JCI (Joint Commission International) e pelo \'Provão do SUS - Sistema Único de Saúde\', sendo escolhidos os cinco principais hospitais de cada uma, que localizassem no Estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com os responsáveis pelas áreas de suprimentos/logística e farmácia. Os resultados permitiram sistematizar quadros referenciais teóricos das características, motivos, facilitadores, benefícios, dificuldades, abordagens de gestão e propor uma sistemática de planejamento e operação da aliança logística entre hospitais. Também, concluiu-se que as alianças logísticas entre hospitais possuem foco na área de materiais médicos e medicamentos, por meio do desenvolvimento de atividades de empréstimos, trocas e consignações, negociação e compra conjunta. Essas relações podem proporcionar ganhos nos fluxos de materiais, medicamentos e informações, consequentemente melhores resultados em relação a custo, quantidade, tempo, lugar e qualidade, influenciando no nível de desempenho da prestação de serviço e no pronto atendimento ao paciente. / Hospitals are very important for the welfare and health of the population, and take on an important position in society because of its social and economic function. These institutions have a complex and dynamic environment, with several lacks in administrative management financial investments, efficient infrastructure supplies and equipment among others. The alliance logistics is standing out as a strategic opportunity to add value in the hospital sector. In this sense, the objective of this thesis is to propose a systematic for the orientation of the planning and operation of logistics alliance between hospitals. For this, the work used a qualitative and exploratory approach, based on the research strategy in bibliographic research and multiple cases study (07 hospitals). The selection of hospitals was by analysis of ranking lists provided by JCI (Joint Commission International) and the \'Provão SUS - Health System\', chosen the five main reference hospitals in each, which locate in the state of São Paulo. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured interview guide with those responsible for the area of supply/logistics and pharmacy. The results allowed systematizing theoretical reference frameworks of the characteristics, motives, facilitators, benefits, critical points, management approaches and proposing a systematic planning and operation of logistics alliance between hospitals. Also, it was concluded that the logistics alliances between hospitals have focus in the area of medical supplies and medicines, through the development of lending activities, exchanges and assignments, and negotiation and joint purchasing. These relationships can provide gains in material flows, drugs and information, consequently better results in terms of cost, quantity, time, place and quality, influencing the performance level of service delivery and emergency care to patient.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Estebao de Oliveira Neto.pdf: 1669457 bytes, checksum: 963666a8cfdfb2d10671cf8f29c0d6f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-07 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / In the past few years, strategic alliances have been more and more used as alternatives to the vertical integration of companies. Continuing a line of investigation that began in the middle of the eighties with the classic article written by McConnell e Nantell (1985), the purpose of this essay is to evaluate the impact of announcements of strategic alliances formations, in all their many forms, over the stock prices of the companies participating in the alliances. From a sample formed by 147 announcements of strategic alliances formations, published from 1996 to 2006, involving 48 companies from different areas, an event study was developed based on the Market Efficiency Hypothesis s theory, as postulated by Fama (1970). The results obtained from the total sample suggest that the Brazilian s capital market reacts positively to announcements of strategic alliances formations, and in a very consistent way with the market efficiency s hypotheses, presenting statistically significant results considering an event window of two days length. The results obtained from the sample segmentations also suggest significant indications that investors perceive joint ventures as a type of association that have a higher potential to aggregate value to companies, when compared to other forms of alliances. / Nos anos recentes, as alianças estratégicas têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas como alternativas à integração vertical das empresas. Dando continuidade a uma linha de investigação que teve início em meados da década de 1980 com o artigo clássico de McConnell e Nantell (1985), este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto dos anúncios de formação de alianças estratégicas, em todas as suas diversas formas, sobre os preços das ações das empresas participantes das alianças. A partir de uma amostra constituída por 147 anúncios de formação de alianças estratégicas, publicados no período de 1996 a 2006, envolvendo 48 empresas de diferentes setores, desenvolveu-se estudo de evento apoiado no eixo teórico da Hipótese da Eficiência de Mercado, postulada por Fama (1970). Os resultados obtidos a partir da amostra total sugerem que o mercado brasileiro de capitais reage positivamente a anúncios de formação de alianças e de maneira bastante consistente com a suposição de eficiência de mercado, apresentando resultados estatisticamente significantes para uma janela do evento de dois dias. Os resultados obtidos a partir das segmentações da amostra também sugerem significativos indícios de que as joint ventures são percebidas pelos investidores como formas de associação que possuem maior potencial de agregação de valor para as empresas, quando comparadas às outras formas de alianças.

合作策略的興起為許多台灣廠商帶來新的啟發，因為構成台灣經主體的中小企業可以透過適當的合作策略運用，達成以往不易達成的企業目標，尤其是在面對變化快速、競爭日益激烈的企業經營環境，合作策略更能突顯其優點。然而在合作策略於企業界盛行以來，績效不佳的情形往往多於成功的案例(Harrigan 1986; Kanter 1990)，因此縱然標榜「一加一大於二」的合作聯盟似是非常吸引人，但卻好像並不怎麼好用。於是，廠商在企圖利用這種新興的策略方式來獲取合作利益，並進而達成因應環境趨動因素的要求及滿足企業內部趨動因素的目標時，對影響合作聯盟績效因素的研究就顯得格外重要了。因此，本研究企圖透過對個案的深入訪查了解合作績效的影響因素，及其相關議題，以下即本研究之結論。 　　1、若適當地利用合作行銷策略，將可以有效地達到下列三項企業目標：利用互補性的優勢快速地進入新市場區隔或強化既有區隔的優勢地位、取得關鍵性資源、降低企業投資風險。 　　2、合作動機對合作方式的選擇及管理機制設計有重大的影響。 　　3、在進行合作夥伴的選擇時，對夥伴的評估準則會影響合作方式的選擇及管理機制的設計。 　　4、廠商的合作動機、合作方式、及管理機制必須能相互配合，才會有較佳的合作績效。

Medical Cosmoceutical service is a new rising medical service in recent 5 years. It combines medical profession and cosmetic service, offering customers integrated aesthetic therapy services that are safe, reliable, delicate and effective. Due to medical cosmoceutical is a popular and self-payed medical service not limited to any specific medical field by law, it is undouhtedly an effective way of business transformation for the medical institutes with difficult running under poor National Health Insurance policy. Therefore, many plastic surgery and dermatological clinics, and other medical field even beauty salons, quite to establish their medical cosmoceutical service for competing this big market. Surviving the strong competition in this hot market of medical cosmoceutical is an important issue for every member of the plastic surgery field that seeks to succeed in this medical cosmoceutical business. The key successful factor for plastic surgery field in medical cosmoceutical shall be an innovative strategy and innovative business model that leads to attracting and retaining customers. Through literature review and the practice data of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery based on its mamagement philosophy and business model, this study proposes the following three innovative strategies for medical cosmoceutical service: (1) Pioneer into the offering of medical cosmoceutical service that providing dedicated post-cosmetic surgery massage therapy ; (2) Pioneer into the research and development of skin care product therapeutic compound formula; and (3) Pioneer into the training and certification center for medical aesthetician. Followed by the dimensions of four innovative business model listed below, successful business performance will be obtained through the offering of comprehensive service attachment that enhances customers¡¦ willingness to accept such services. The four innovative business models comprise: (1) Knowledge transfer to customers, by delivering medical cosmetic knowledge for promoting trustworthiness from customers; (2) Customer relationship management (CRM) ,with higher customer value through maintaining close relationship with customers by offering multiple two-way communication channels; (3) Experience marketing, by creating word-of-month effects, and (4) Strategic alliance, through the referrals from related clinics, beauty salons, and affiliated medical cosmetic workshops to acquire more customers. In the verification of innovative strategies and business models for medical cosmoceutical business, this study adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methodology to provide deep insights and findings. In qualitative research, a small scale qualitative ¡§customer in-depth interview¡¨ is conducted on the medical cosmoceutical customers (5 people) of the T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery, to verify accuracy of the innovative strategies and business model, followed by a large scale quantitative questionnaire survey (100 people) on the customers that are randomly drawn from the customers of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery. With quantitative data derived from the survey, the viability of the innovative strategies and innovative models are further verified. In conclusion, the research finding is that after quantitative and qualitative verification from the customer perspective, the three innovative strategies and four innovative business models proposed for medical cosmoceutical business has been indeed proved as the successful model for medical cosmoceutical business in the plastic surgery field, and is also commonly accepted by the medical cosmoceutical customers. Furthermore, an additional insight extracted from the verification in customer perspective is the need for designing of system for employee training and encouragement. By this, the effectiveness of transfering knowledge to customers and service quality delivery will be expected to enhance. So, this study adds the fifth dimension ¡§Employee training and encouragement¡¨ to the innovative business model. In the point of view of management implicatin, when performing the innovative strategy and innovative business model for medical cosmoceutical business in plastic surgery field, one should pay more attension to two management aspects, including internal management and external customer service. In the peer suggestion, the three innovative strategies and the four innovative business model proposed by this study are practically viable and may serve as the practical suggestions for the plastic surgery peer when providing medical cosmoceutical service.

This study uses academic literature from peer-reviewed journals to assess the literary consensus of the three perspectives. The literature has been found by using specific keywords and an assortment of scholarly databases. The analysis of the literature is structured according to explanations for alliance formation, the attainment of advantages, and disadvantages according to the perspectives. The study is written in article format. Conclusions: The perspectives both overlap and differ from one another but focus on different aspects and incentives. There are, however, more similarities between the resource-based and knowledge-based views. Transaction cost theory and the knowledge-based view are narrow explanatory models, whereas the resource-based view offers a broader view on alliances.

Abstract The economic growth of Taiwan was guided by small and medium enterprises; Especially Taiwan fastener industry acts an important role for Taiwan small and medium enterprises. As an old saying goes ¡§the young soldier sets up the great merit. ¡§ This is best way to describe Taiwan fastener industry. Taiwan fastener industry is playing an important part of National Development, but even government rulers ignore this. Unless you are part of Taiwan fastener industry, you can not understand that this industry is such respectable. It has been more 60 years since Taiwan launched into its name of fastener supply center. Mostly Taiwan fastener industry is small and medium enterprises. However these enterprises could not get much help from government or each other. They all fight alone. Many companies cannot survive when they meet difficulties and bottlenecks. Even companies want to help each other, integration are a big problem to them. This research is tried to discuss how Taiwan fastener industry to face China¡¦s Lower price competitive stratagem does. Author will all around discuss, analyzes and compare this topic¡§The strategic alliance will be applied between some companies of the fastener industry¡¨ to give to Taiwan fastener industry an all around competitive stratagem. Postgraduate student are working on this research not only to help running my own company but also as a Reference for Taiwan fastener industry.