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This study focuses on cyclical behavior in the restaurant industry, types of strategy choices made by the casual dining industry, and the use of the industry cycle to make a timing decision of strategy choice. The main idea of this study is that the phases of the industry cycle differently support a firm's strategy choice, so the use of the cycle allows firms to find the right time for a particular strategy choice. This is done by developing and understanding of the restaurant industry cycle and determining the phase of the cycle that possesses different opportunities and threats. This is followed by identifying strategy choices adopted by casual dining firms through a content analysis. Next, a casual dining firm's responses to phases of the industry cycle are investigated. Using an individual firm's data regarding performance and the emphasis of strategy choice over the industry cycle, this study undertakes an investigation into whether the effect of a strategy choice adopted by a firm varies according to the phase of the restaurant industry cycle. The results of the study revealed that the movements of the restaurant industry cycle have unique timing, duration, and amplitude, and that casual dining firms adopt thirteen distinct types of strategy choices. Firms change strategy choices to respond to change in the industry cycle phase. Summarizing these findings, the study found that the effects of strategy choices on firm performance differed according to the cyclical change of the industry environment so adjusting strategy choices over the industry cycle is critical to outperform competitors This study aims at providing a relevant framework for using the industry cycle as a tool for well-timed strategy choices in the casual theme restaurant industry. In practice, by utilizing the industry cycle, executives would be better able to assess possible success or failure of a particular strategy at different phase of the industry cycle, and to determine the timing relevance as it relates to new investments or asset allocation. Managing the industry cycle allows firms to have an appropriate strategic portfolio to maximize their outcomes and sustain competitive advantage over long periods of time. / Ph. D.

Dans cette thèse, nous discutons la relation entre les exportations et l’IDE, et tentons de trouver une relation de long terme entre ces variables. Dans cette analyse, nous étudierons tout d’abord de manière empirique les déterminants des exportations et des l’IDE, à la fois au niveau micro et macro. Ceci nous permettra par la suite de détecter plus précisément la relation entre ces deux variables. Plus précisément, cette thèse comporte les points suivant : Au niveau micro (niveau de la firme), les multinationales sont susceptibles de mettre en œuvre les deux activités (exportations et IDE) pour servir les marchés étrangers, mais les choix stratégiques des multinationales permettent aussi de choisir entre exportations et IDE. Sur ce point, la productivité des entreprises multinationales ainsi que leurs autres caractéristiques ont un rôle crucial pour éclairer le mécanisme de choix entre les stratégies et la relation entre exportations et investissements. Ceci fera l’objet de la première partie qui proposera une application au cas français. Dans cette partie, nous distinguerons également les décisions stratégiques en fonction de la taille de l’entreprise (très grandes ou grandes entreprises françaises). Au niveau macro, nous chercherons à identifier les déterminants simultanés des exportations et des IDE. Pour se faire, un système gravitaire dynamique bivarié sera estimé afin d’éclairer le rôle de ces déterminants et la relation entre exportations et IDE. Ceci fera l’objet de la seconde partie, qui sera appliquée aux échanges entre la France et dix partenaires euro-méditerranéens. Le choix de ces pays s’appuie sur l’importance qu’ils revêtent dans les échanges français. Par ailleurs, l’absence de littérature appliquée à ces pays dans ce domaine constitue une motivation supplémentaire. / In this thesis, we discuss the relationship between exports and FDI, and we aim to find a long-term relationship between these variables. In the course of the thesis analysis, we study empirically the exports and FDI determinants, at macro and micro analysis. This allows us to detect precisely the relationship between the both variables. In other words, this thesis carry out the following points: at micro level (company level), the multinationals are likely to implement the two activities (exports and FDI) to serve the foreign market, but the multinationals strategic choice can also choose between exports and FDI. On this point, the productivity of the multinational corporations and their other characteristics have a crucial role to clarify the mechanism of the choice between strategies and the relationship between exports and FDI. In fact, this is the first empirical part, which is the first similar application on the French companies. In the part, we also distinguish between strategic decisions based on company on the company size (large, very large and both groups of French enterprises).At the macro level, we will seek to identify the simultaneous determinants of exports and FDI. To do so, a gravity system is estimated bivariate dynamic equations to illuminate the role of these determinants and the relationship between exports and FDI. This is the second empirical part, which is applied on the capital and goods exchange between France and ten Mediterranean partners. The choice of these countries based on their importance in French trade. Moreover, the lack of the literature applied to these countries in this area is extra motivation.

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Les difficultés rencontrées par la banque centrale du Vietnam dans la dernière décennie, qui se sont traduites par des écarts importants par rapport à l'objectif d'inflation, nourrissent le débat sur l'adéquation subsistante de l'actuelle stratégie de politique monétaire en place dans le pays depuis 1992. Partant de cette idée, cette thèse a pour objectif d'examiner la pertinence du ciblage monétaire quantitatif. De plus, celle-ci recommande quelques aménagements pour améliorer l'efficacité de la politique monétaire. Après un chapitre introductif, le chapitre 2 propose un état des lieux de l'économie du Vietnam. Les deux chapitres suivants enquêtent sur la satisfaction des exigences imposées dans le cadre du ciblage monétaire, à savoir l'existence d'une fonction stable de demande de monnaie à long terme (traitée dans le chapitre 3) et celle d'un pouvoir prédictif significatif sur l'inflation que possède la monnaie (testée dans le chapitre 4). Il s'avère que la fonction de demande de monnaie est stable, et que l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'évolution des agrégats monétaires a un pouvoir prédictif sur l'inflation n'est pas rejetée. Le ciblage monétaire se trouve ainsi toujours approprié pour le pays. Les deux derniers chapitres calculent et suggèrent les indicateurs de politique monétaire à travers des évaluations exhaustives. Il s'agit des mesures de l'inflation structurelle et d'un indice synthétique des conditions financières, qui se révèlent utile pour la prise de décision de la banque centrale. / Difficulties of the central bank of Vietnam during the last decade in controlling price inflation and securing its inflation goals have launched and nurtured a vigorous debate on whether the current monetary policy strategy, in place since 1992 remains always appropriate. lnspired of this idea, this thesis aims to examine the relevance of the quantitative monetary targeting framework. Furthermore, the thesis recommends some arrangement in order to improve monetary policy efficiency. After an introductory chapter, Chapter 2 propose the state of the art of the economy of Vietnam. Two following chapters investigate the conditions that an effective money targeting strategy requires and whether they are fully satisfied in Vietnam. Indeed, the existence of a stable money demand function in the long run is considered in Chapter 3, and a significant predictive power that money should have on inflation is tested in Chapter 4. It is proved that the money demand function is stable and the hypothesis according to which money growth may forecast future inflation cannot be rejected. The monetary targeting is therefore still relevant for Vietnam. The last two chapters compute and suggest various monetary policy indicators by means of exhaustive evaluation exercises. Different core inflation measure and a composite index of financial conditions are introduced, which are justified to be meaningful for the policy making process of the central bank.

Настоящая диссертация посвящена совершенствованию методического обеспечения выбора наиболее эффективной стратегии развития для малого предприятия. Были исследованы понятие «стратегии развития», классификации стратегий, в том числе развития, также были показаны особенности стратегий для малых предприятий, которые учитывают их преимущества. Был проведен анализ применявшихся стратегий развития на конкретном предприятии. Также в рамках работы был разработан алгоритм выбора стратегии развития малого промышленного предприятия, основанный на использовании предложенной последовательности шагов и инструментария реализации каждого из них, обеспечивающий согласованный выбор корпоративной, конкурентной и функциональных стратегий предприятия. Также была разработана методика оценки уровня развития промышленного предприятия, базирующаяся на предложенной классификации направлений и показателей развития предприятия и обеспечивающая реализацию одного из этапов алгоритма выбора стратегии развития, позволяющая не только объективно оценить достигнутый уровень развития, но и определить наиболее перспективные направления дальнейшего развития. Разработанные алгоритм и методика были апробированы на примере рассмотренного ранее предприятия. / This dissertation is devoted to improving the methodological support for selecting the most effective development strategy for a small enterprise. The notion of "development strategy", classification of strategies, including development, was explored, and features of strategies for small enterprises that took into account their advantages were also shown. An analysis was carried out of the development strategies employed at the particular enterprise. Also, within the framework of the work, an algorithm for choosing a strategy for the development of a small industrial enterprise was developed, based on the proposed sequence of steps and tools for implementing each of them, ensuring an agreed choice of corporate, competitive and functional strategies of the enterprise. Also, a methodology was developed for assessing the level of development of an industrial enterprise based on the proposed classification of directions and indicators of enterprise development and ensuring the implementation of one of the stages of the development strategy selection algorithm, which allows not only to objectively assess the level of development achieved, but also to determine the most promising areas for further development. The developed algorithm and methodology were tested using the example of an earlier enterprise.