La canne à sucre est cultivée pour la production de sucre et d’électricité exportée sur le réseau. Actuellement, les taux de fibre de la canne dans les chargements livrés à l’usine augmente. L’objectif est de définir les conséquences de la réception de chargements contenant plus de fibres (lié aux variétés et au non canne) sur l’analyse de la canne et la performance du complexe sucrerie centrale thermique (production de sucre, de mélasse et d’électricité).La comparaison des méthodes d’analyses de la canne a permis de sélectionner la méthode Berding et Pollock comme méthode de référence pour l’analyse du sucre, de la matière sèche soluble et de la fibre.Une méthodologie d’analyse de la canne au laboratoire utilisant un broyeur et une presse est proposée Des relations sont établies pour calculer, en fonction des analyses effectuées sur le jus de presse et la bagasse, le débit horaire de canne, l’énergie nécessaire au broyage de la canne, le taux d’extraction du sucre dans le jus et le pouvoir calorifique de la bagasse. Ces mesures sont ensuite utilisées dans des bilans massique et énergétique de la sucrerie et de la centrale thermique. Ce bilan aboutit à la production de sucre cristallisable, de mélasse et d’électricité sur le réseau.Les résultats indiquent que par rapport à la R579, la variété fibreuse R585 produit 8% de sucre en moins et 51% d’électricité en plus alors que la R570 produit 3,9% de sucre en plus et 27% d’électricité supplémentaire. Par rapport à de la canne propre, une coupe de la canne entière entraine une diminution de la production de sucre de 16% et une augmentation de la production d’électricité de 21%. La coupe de canne avec feuilles entraine une baisse de 4% de la production de sucre et une augmentation de 12% de la production d’électricité. / Sugarcane is cultivated to produce sugar en electricity to the grind. Recently, the fibre content of cane delivered to the mill increase. Objective of this works is to determine the influence of cane delivered to the mill with more fibre (due to variety and trash) on cane analysis, sugar mills and energy plant complex performance (sugar, molasses and electricity production).Cane analysis method comparison show that Berding and Pollock method was the most appropriate for sugar, soluble dry matter and fibre in cane measurement.A laboratory cane analysis methodology using a grinder and a press is proposed. Relations are established to calculate according to juice and bagasse analysis, the cane capacity, energy for shredding cane, sugar extraction in juice and bagasse calorific value. Those analysis are used in mass and energy balance through the sugar and cogeneration plant. That balance conduct to crystallisable sugar, molasses and electricity exported.Results shows that compared to R579, the fibre variety R585 produce -8% of sugar and +51% of electricity, the R570 variety produce +3.9% of sugar and +27% of electricity. Compared to clean cane, whole crops harvesting decreased sugar (-16%) and electrical (-21%) production. Cane harvest with leaves conduct to a decrease of sugar (-4%) and increase of electrical (+12%) production.

Este mestrado tem por objetivo o estudo sobre a atuação das Senhoras do Açúcar, que poderiam ser tanto proprietárias quanto as esposas de donos de engenhos, em Itu do final do século XVIII a meados do século XIX. A documentação escolhida reúne inventários, testamentos, mapas com relações de engenhos, recenseamento dos bens rústicos e registros de notas de imóveis, cujas informações permitiram obter dados para uma análise bastante ampla do tema em pauta. A pesquisa insere-se no campo de estudos relativos à História das Mulheres, voltando-se para a análise das distinções e semelhanças entre aquelas do período e a sua situação específica neste contexto histórico. O trabalho, no entanto, não se limita apenas à uma História das Mulheres na economia canavieira de Itu, mas busca, sobretudo, uma oportunidade de dialogar com a historiografia brasileira sobre temas mais abrangentes, como a própria formação econômica de São Paulo. / This work has for objective the study on the performance of the sugar Ladies who could be proprietors or wives of owners of sugar mill in the city of Itu in the late XVIII or middle XIX. The chosen documentation congregates inventories, testaments, maps with relations of sugar mills, census of the rustic goods and registers of properties, whose information had allowed to get data for a sufficiently ample and complete analysis of the subject in guideline. The research is inserted in the field of studies of the History of the Women, turning itself to the analysis of the distinctions and similarities between those of the period and its specific situation in this historical context. The work, however, does not limit only to a History of the Women in the sugar economy of Itu, but it searchs an opportunity to dialogue with the Brazilian historiography in reference of more including subjects, as the proper economic formation of São Paulo.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-08T11:21:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA REGINA ALVES DOS REIS - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGH) 2018.pdf: 2501478 bytes, checksum: 5dedfc4c025bf672942f792d7fcc9519 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T11:21:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA REGINA ALVES DOS REIS - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGH) 2018.pdf: 2501478 bytes, checksum: 5dedfc4c025bf672942f792d7fcc9519 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02 / Esta dissertação problematiza, por meio das narrativas de trabalhadores, o cotidiano do Engenho Buraco d‟Água na cidade de Alagoa Nova-PB, no período compreendido de (1918-1950). Nesse sentido, o objetivo é compreender como os trabalhadores do engenho construíram suas experiências de vida, luta e trabalho nessa localidade no pós-escravidão. Desse modo, analisei quais os sinais e indícios de permanências e descontinuidades de práticas escravistas eram trazidos à tona pela memória dessas mulheres. Neste estudo, dialogo com teóricos que trazem uma grande contribuição sobre Memória e História, como Bosi (1994) e Halbwachs (2006). Essa abordagem se insere nas concepções de práticas e representações de Chartier (1991) e Certeau (2007), com os conceitos de estratégias e táticas. Como abordagem metodológica, conto com a contribuição de Alberti (2005) sobre História Oral, na sua concepção de história de vida, para trabalhar com a memória de mulheres e homens que nasceram e viveram sua infância e juventude no Engenho Buraco d‟Água. Assim, procurei demonstrar, por meio do diálogo entre as fontes orais, escritas e fotográficas, as experiências de trabalhadoras do Engenho no pós-escravidão. Dessa forma, evidenciaram-se os rearranjos das relações, as alianças e negociações estabelecidas no cotidiano do Engenho entre os trabalhadores e o dono da propriedade para garantir trabalho e moradia. / This dissertation raises questions through workers narratives, the daily life in Engenho Buraco d‟Água in the city of Alagoa Nova – PB between 1918 and 1950. This way, the goal is to understand how these sugar mill workers built their life experiences, fight and work in this place in the post slavery period. Thus, it was analyzed which signals and indications of permanence and discontinuities of slave practices that the memory of these women brought to light. In this study, we dialogue with theorists who bring a big contribution about Memory and History, such as Bosi (1994) and Halbwachs (2006). Therefore, this approach fits in the practice and representation conceptions of Chartier (1991) and Certeau (2007) with strategy and tactics. As methodological approach, we could count with Alberti‟s (2005) contribution about Oral History, in her conception of life story, to work with the memory of women who were born and lived their childhood and youth in Engenho Buaco d‟Água. Thus, we tried to demonstrate through the dialogue between the oral, written and photographic sources; and the experiences of workers of the sugar mill in the post-slavery. Thus, it was evident the rearrangements of the relations, the alliances and negotiations established in the daily life of the sugar mill between the workers and the owner of the property to guarantee work and housing.

Este mestrado tem por objetivo o estudo sobre a atuação das Senhoras do Açúcar, que poderiam ser tanto proprietárias quanto as esposas de donos de engenhos, em Itu do final do século XVIII a meados do século XIX. A documentação escolhida reúne inventários, testamentos, mapas com relações de engenhos, recenseamento dos bens rústicos e registros de notas de imóveis, cujas informações permitiram obter dados para uma análise bastante ampla do tema em pauta. A pesquisa insere-se no campo de estudos relativos à História das Mulheres, voltando-se para a análise das distinções e semelhanças entre aquelas do período e a sua situação específica neste contexto histórico. O trabalho, no entanto, não se limita apenas à uma História das Mulheres na economia canavieira de Itu, mas busca, sobretudo, uma oportunidade de dialogar com a historiografia brasileira sobre temas mais abrangentes, como a própria formação econômica de São Paulo. / This work has for objective the study on the performance of the sugar Ladies who could be proprietors or wives of owners of sugar mill in the city of Itu in the late XVIII or middle XIX. The chosen documentation congregates inventories, testaments, maps with relations of sugar mills, census of the rustic goods and registers of properties, whose information had allowed to get data for a sufficiently ample and complete analysis of the subject in guideline. The research is inserted in the field of studies of the History of the Women, turning itself to the analysis of the distinctions and similarities between those of the period and its specific situation in this historical context. The work, however, does not limit only to a History of the Women in the sugar economy of Itu, but it searchs an opportunity to dialogue with the Brazilian historiography in reference of more including subjects, as the proper economic formation of São Paulo.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-26T13:28:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) ROCHA, A C V.pdf: 9101017 bytes, checksum: 8f9ed4a65f4d9764294eb098319a6dbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T13:28:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) ROCHA, A C V.pdf: 9101017 bytes, checksum: 8f9ed4a65f4d9764294eb098319a6dbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-08 / CNPQ / A presente pesquisa analisa estruturas arquitetônicas descobertas durante escavações arqueológicas nos limites da senzala do Engenho Monjope. Considerando que a disposição espacial atual do engenho não reflete necessariamente os diversos contextos históricos de uso, interessa analisar as remanescentes estruturas arquitetônicas e determinar a que período pertencem, individual ou coletivamente, e que função ou funções que poderiam ter servido. Usando fontes históricas primárias e secundárias, materiais e dados de arquitetura, este estudo procura interpretar e definir as relações entre estruturas arqueológicas existentes a partir de uma perspectiva de espaços remodelados dentro de contextos históricos mutáveis. / The present study analyzes architectural structures uncovered during archaeological excavations in the vicinity of the slave quarters at the Monjope Sugar Mill. Considering that the current spatial disposition of the mill does not necessarily reflect the diverse historical contexts of use, it is of interest here to analyze the remains and determine to which period they belong, individually or collectively, and what function or functions they might have served. Using primary and secondary historical sources, material and architectural data, this study seeks to interpret and define the relations between archaeological and existing structures from a perspective of remodeled spaces within changing historical contexts.

Decommissioned buildings and structures from the industrial age constitutes a challenge for many municipalities when society and the global economy changes. The transformation of the old sugar mill in Kävlinge originates from that shift – from the production of goods to an information and knowledge based society. How can this type of building be re-programmed as a stimulating place for sharing and acquire knowledge, and at the same time perform well in terms of energy? The sustainable strategies for energy preservation includes a new transparent second skin - a glass corridor facade, which stores the heat from the thermal mass (bricks). It also includes a passive ventilation system, using underground ducts to heat or cool the building depending on season. / Avvecklade byggnader och strukturer från industrialismen utgör en utmaning för många kommuner när samhället och den globala ekonomin förändras. Omvandlingen av det gamla sockerbruket i Kävlinge tar sin utgångspunkt från det skiftet - från produktionen av varor till ett informations-och kunskapssamhället. Hur kan denna typ av byggnad omprogrammeras till en stimulerande plats för att dela och tillägna sig kunskap, och samtidigt prestera bra vad det gäller energi? De hållbara strategierna för energieffektivitet innefattar ett nytt transparent klimatskal som lagrar värmen från den termiska massan (tegel). Den innehåller också ett passivt ventilationssystem, som med hjälp av underjordiska schakt värmer eller kyler byggnaden beroende på säsong.

Cuba’s government has set a goal to generate 24 percent of the country’s electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The country’s many sugar mills have been identified as key contributors to reach this goal as their cogeneration units have the potential to significantly increase Cuba’s electricity production from biomass by upgrading them to bioelectric plants. This study evaluates the feasibility of upgrading the cogeneration unit of George Washington sugar mill in the province of Villa Clara, Cuba. An energy balance of the proposed upgraded scheme is done to deduce its feasibility from an energy perspective. To deduce the project’s feasibility from a financial standpoint its net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), discounted payback period (DPP) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) are calculated. The spared CO2 emissions by integrating more biopower in the Cuban electricity system are calculated from the avoided burning of diesel for electricity production. The impact on Cuba’s energy independence is quantified by calculating the avoided diesel imports. The NPV of the proposed scheme is 64.9 MUSD, the IRR is 25.6 percent which is significantly higher than the set discount rate of 6.5 percent, the DPP is 5.3 years and the LCOE is 0.0533 USD/kWh which is lower than the maximum LCOE set by AZCUBA to 0.14 USD/kWh. The avoided CO2 emissions and imported diesel are estimated to be 110,173 tonnes CO2 and 36,724 tonnes diesel each year, respectively. These indicators suggest that the upgrade of George Washington’s cogeneration unit is feasible.​ / Kubas regering har satt som mål att generera 24 procent av landets elektricitet från förnyelsebara källor till år 2030. Landets många sockerbruk har identifierats som nyckelaktörer för att nå detta mål då sockerbrukens kraftvärmeenhet har potential att öka Kubas elproduktion från biomassa genom att uppgradera dem till bioelektriska kraftverk. Denna studie utvärderar möjligheten att uppgradera kraftvärmeenheten på sockerbruket George Washington i provinsen Villa Clara, Kuba. Först görs en energibalans på det föreslagna uppgraderade systemet för att utläsa dess genomförbarhet ur ett energiperspektiv. För att utvärdera projektets genomförbarhet ur ett finansiellt perspektiv beräknas investeringens nettonuvärde (NPV), interna avkastningsgrad (IRR), diskonterade återbetalningstid (DPP) och energiproduktionskostnad (LCOE). De undvikta CO2 utsläppen genom integrering av mer biokraft i det kubanska elsystemet beräknas från den uteblivna förbränningen av diesel för elproduktion i landet. Effekterna på Kubas energioberoende kvantifieras genom att man beräknar den minskade dieselimporten. NPV i det föreslagna uppgraderade systemet är 64,9 MUSD, IRR är 25,6 procent vilket är betydligt högre än den fastställda diskonteringsräntan på 6,5 procent, DPP är 5,3 år och LCOE är 0,0533 USD/kWh vilket är lägre än det maximala LCOE som fastställts av AZCUBA till 0,14 USD/kWh. De uteblivna CO2-utsläppen och minskningen av importerad diesel beräknas uppgå till 110 173 ton CO2 respektive 36 724 ton diesel varje år. Dessa indikatorer tyder på att uppgraderingen av George Washingtons kraftvärmeenhet är genomförbar.​

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-05T14:03:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lincolngoncalvesrodrigues.pdf: 12113094 bytes, checksum: a71d6a8eee9ef3abff577b9c9b802780 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-06T14:25:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lincolngoncalvesrodrigues.pdf: 12113094 bytes, checksum: a71d6a8eee9ef3abff577b9c9b802780 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T14:25:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lincolngoncalvesrodrigues.pdf: 12113094 bytes, checksum: a71d6a8eee9ef3abff577b9c9b802780 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 / Esta dissertação tem por finalidade analisar o desenvolvimento da agroindústria da cana-de-açúcar na sub-região central da zona da Mata mineira, entre os anos de 1822 e 1907. As distinções inerentes a este tipo de produção são evidenciadas de forma comparativa. A partir disso, relacionam-se as transformações econômicas ocorridas na produção açucareira na referida região ao crescimento do mercado interno; bem como à modernização dos setores de transportes e aos incentivos estatais à atividade açucareira. Tais mudanças, analisadas ao longo de quase um século, permitem destacar a presença de um grande número de pequenos engenhos na região, no início do séc. XIX e o crescimento da atividade açucareira, no decorrer dos anos, além da sua relação com a construção da Companhia Engenho Central Rio Branco, no final do séc. XIX. Investigar a história do açúcar na zona da Mata mineira, numa perspectiva comparativa, nos faculta entender com mais clareza as razões pelas quais a região se tornou uma das maiores produtoras de açúcar, no Estado de Minas Gerais, nas primeiras décadas do século XX. / The purpose of this dissertation is analyzing the development of the sugarcane agro industry in the Central sub-regions of the zona da Mata, in the state of Minas Gerais, between the years 1822 and 1907. Inherent distinctions to this kind of production are evidenced in a comparative way. From that, we can conclude there is a link in the economic transformation occurred in the sugar production, in that above mentioned region and growth of the internal market as well as the modernization of the transport sectors, state aids, tax incentives to this business. Such changes, analyzed for a long period of almost a century, allow us to point out the presence of a great number of small sugar-mill in the region, at the beginning of the XIX century and the growth of this activity over the subsequent years, besides its relation with the construction of the Companhia Engenho Central Rio Branco (Rio Branco Central Sugar-mill Company) at the end of the XIX century. Investigating the sugar history in Zona da Mata, in Minas Gerais, in a comparative perspective, allow us to understand clearly the reasons this region became one of the major sugarcane producers in the state of Minas Gerais in the first decades of the XX century.