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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Prevalence of suicidal ideations among first-year students at the University of the Western Cape

Zozulya, Maya January 2016 (has links)
Magister Artium - MA / This mini-thesis aims to gauge the extent of occurrences of suicidal ideations among a sample of first-year students at the University of the Western Cape. The study investigates whether differences among those with suicidal ideations exist with respect to gender, race, religious affiliation and faculty for which students are registered. The sample of the current study consisted of 161 students from two first year Psychology classes at the University of the Western Cape. Non-probability convenience sampling was used whereby only those students who attended the two lectures were asked to participate in the current study. Students self-completed a questionnaire which included a brief demographic section and a section with the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS). The overall occurrence of suicidal ideations in the chosen sample was 26%. No significant differences among those with suicidal ideations in terms of gender, race, religion or faculty were observed. The results of this study highlight the importance of establishing prevention and intervention programmes on university campuses to create more awareness about suicide and offer more education to students on this topic in general, as well as to specifically offer counselling and support to students suffering from suicidal ideations.
2

Prévention du suicide en détention : approche évaluative d'un programme de prévention en maison d'arrêt à partir des vécus et représentations des personnes incarcérées / Preventing Suicide in Prison : assessment of a prevention program in prison from the experiences and representations of inmates

Deschenau, Alice 18 December 2015 (has links)
La prévention du suicide en prison a fait l’objet d’études et expertises nationales et internationales permettant d’obtenir des informations épidémiologiques, de rechercher des profils à risque et de proposer des mesures pour les programmes de prévention. Elle manque notamment de travaux sur la clinique du suicide en prison, sur l’évaluation des mesures de prévention. Notre étude s’appuie sur une approche évaluative des mesures de prévention du suicide dans une maison d’arrêt. Nous avons proposé un entretien à des personnes incarcérées depuis 1 mois. Elles ont évalué l’utilité des 12 mesures de prévention avec une échelle de Likert en 5 points, émis des commentaires libres et indiqués au préalable si elles connaissaient le dispositif de prévention et y avaient eu recours. De plus, ont été complétés : le degré d’urgence suicidaire à J0, J7 et J28 et les facteurs l’ayant influencé, l’inventaire des raisons de vivre de Linehan (IRVL), le Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Vingt des 53 participants ont été suicidaires au cours du 1er mois ; seuls 15 ont déclaré connaître l’existence d’un dispositif de prévention. Huit mesures étaient perçues comme significativement utiles. Quatre ont obtenu un résultat ambivalent : limitation des points d’attache, doublement en cellule, surveillance spéciale et cellule de protection d’urgence. La recherche de corrélations a retrouvé différents liens selon les mesures avec l’état suicidaire, le recours au dispositif, l’IRVL, les troubles psychiatriques dépistés. Nous discutons comment les outils psychologiques peuvent être utiles pour l’évolution de chacune des mesures de prévention, pour l’adaptation du programme de prévention dans son ensemble, notamment en intégrant une participation des personnes incarcérées. De plus, préserver des espaces de parole dans l’application des mesures est apparu de manière interstitielle comme une attente essentielle des participants. Des propositions de mesures ont été formulées par ces derniers et offrent des perspectives pour l’avenir. / National and international studies and reports about preventing suicide in jail have been published, giving information about epidemiology, suicide risk profiles. They also provide prevention measures. More researches are required to improve knowledge of clinical aspects of suicidal behaviors in prison and to evaluate prevention programs. The study consisted in an assessment of 12 measures of a local preventing suicide program. We asked prisoners who had been jailed since one month for an interview. First they had to tell if they knew about the existence of a prevention program. Second, they evaluated the usefulness of each measure in (5 points - Likert scale). They freely explained their choices. We asked them about suicidal ideation’s presence since they had arrived in jail, their urgency degree at D0, D8 and D28, and the factors that contributed to these states. They filled the Reasons for Living Inventory of Linehan (RLIL) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Twenty of the 53 participants have had suicidal thoughts during the first month ; only 15 told they knew there was a suicide prevention program. Eight measures were noted as significantly useful. Four of them obtained a middle score : limitation of hanging points, cell doubling, special monitoring, special protection cell. The search for correlations have found different combinations of links between some measures, the suicidal states, use of the program, the RLIL and psychiatric disorders. We discuss about how psychological tools can be helpful to the evolution of each measure, to the adaptation of the global prevention program. Notably, the prisoners’ participation is in particular proposed. Moreover, preserving speaking time with freedom of expression in the application of the program was expected by the participants. At last, they proposed innovative methods that could serve as a lead for followup works.
3

Demographic and Psychological Predictors of Suicide Attempts and Ideation Among Adolescents

Leonhardt, Heather 12 1900 (has links)
The present study attempted to identify demographic and psychological variables predictive of adolescent suicidal ideations and attempts. Data from 90 adolescents, who completed an intake form at a university community mental health clinic or were student volunteers, were utilized. Two judges tabulated information regarding age, gender, number of siblings, ethnicity, parental marital status, drug use, depression, suicidal ideation, and previous suicidal attempts. A multiple regression analysis was performed to identify which variables had predictive significance. Depression was the best predictor of both suicidal ideations and attempts. Ethnicity was also predictive; white adolescents were found to be at higher risk for suicide than individuals from other ethnic groups. It is suggested that additional studies be done exploring other predictors of suicide among adolescents.
4

Att vilja dö innan döden : En litteraturöversikt om upplevelser om önskan att påskynda sin död och suicidtankar hos patienter med palliativa vårdbehov / The wish to die before death : A literature review on the experience of desire to hasten one´s death and suicidal ideations in patients with palliative care needs

Cederholm, Maria, Unby, Therese January 2024 (has links)
Bakgrund: Patienter som får palliativ vård har allvarlig sjukdom förknippat med svårt lidande synnerligen i livets slut. De uttrycker ibland suicidtankar, en önskan om att dö eller att få påskynda sin död vilket kan upplevas som utmanande för vårdpersonal att bemöta. Suicid, det vill säga när en person tar sitt liv, är associerat med psykisk ohälsa men kan också ha andra orsaker såsom kriser till följd av själslig smärta eller fysisk sjukdom. Samt önskan om en påskyndad död som är svår att skilja från tankar på suicid och som är grundat i ett lidande hos patienter med allvarliga livshotande sjukdomar. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka upplevelser och förekomst av en önskan att påskynda sin död och suicidtankar hos patienter med palliativa vårdbehov. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats baserad på 17 vetenskapliga artiklar som analyserades med tematisk analys. Resultat: I resultatet framkom sex teman; Existentiella faktorer som påverkar upplevelserna av en önskan att dö, Upplevelserna av identitet i förhållande till livssituationen, Symtombörda och sjukdomsbörda som bidragande faktorer för en önskan att dö, Hur relationen med sjukvården påverkar patienters önskan att dö, Handlingar för att påskynda döden samt förekomst och frekvens av en önskan att dö. Det största temat var existentiella faktorer med känslor kring mening, värdighet, livskvalitet, skam och hopplöshet. Även känslor kring att vara en börda för andra och förlust av autonomi spelade in. Fysiska symtom som smärta och psykiska som depression visade sig också vara närvarande. Slutsats: Patienter med palliativa vårdbehov som uttrycker en önskan att vilja påskynda sin död har ett komplext lidande med grund i flera orsaker. Lidandet och önskan är dynamiskt och förändras med symtombördan och kriser som uppstår i sjukdomsförloppet men också utifrån det stöd de får från vården, därför behöver specialistsjuksköterskan och det palliativa teamet fråga om tankar finns och om orsakerna till dessa. / Background: In palliative care, patients who have a serious illness associated with severe suffering are cared for, especially at the end of life. At times, patients in palliative care express suicidal thoughts, a wish to die or to hasten their death, which can be experienced as challenging for healthcare professionals to respond to. Suicide is when a person inflicts injury on to themselves with the intention to end their life. It is associated with mental illness, however, it can also have other causes such as, crises resulting from mental pain or physical illness. As well as the desire for a hastened death which is difficult to distinguish from thoughts of suicide and which is based on the suffering of patients with serious life-threatening diseases.  Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the experience and occurrence of a desire to hasten one's death, as well as suicidal thoughts in patients with palliative care needs. Method: General literature review with an inductive methodology based on 17 peer-reviewed articles that were analyzed utilizing a thematic analytical approach. Results: The results illuminated six themes; Existential factors that influence the experiences of a wish to die, The experiences of identity in relation to the life situation, Symptom burden and disease burden as contributing factors to a wish to die, How the relationship with healthcare affects patients who wish to die, Actions to hasten death and Occurrence and frequency of a wish to die. The most prevalent theme was existential factors that was associated with feelings surrounding meaning, dignity, quality of life, shame, and hopelessness. The feeling of being a burden to others and a loss of autonomy was also included. Physical symptoms such as pain, as well as psychological symptoms such as depression were also found to be present. Conclusion: Patients with palliative care needs, who express a desire to hasten their death, endure complex suffering that is caused by a multitude of origins. The suffering and the desire are dynamic and change with the burden of symptoms and crises that arise during the course of the disease. However, it is also based on the support they receive from the healthcare institutions, therefore, the specialist nurses and the palliative care team need to ask whether the suicidal thoughts exist and the reasons for them.
5

Att vilja dö innan döden : en litteraturöversikt om upplevelser om önskan att påskynda sin död och suicidtankar hos patienter med palliativa vårdbehov / The wish to die before death : a literature review on the experience of desire to hasten one´s death and suicidal ideation in patients with palliative care needs

Cederholm, Maria, Unby, Therese January 2024 (has links)
Bakgrund: Patienter som får palliativ vård har allvarlig sjukdom förknippat med svårt lidande synnerligen i livets slut. De uttrycker ibland suicidtankar, en önskan om att dö eller få påskynda sin död vilket kan upplevas som utmanade för vårdpersonal att bemöta. Suicid, det vill säga när en person tar sitt liv, är associerat med psykisk ohälsa men kan också ha andra orsaker såsom kriser till följd av själslig smärta eller fysisk sjukdom. Samt önskan om en påskyndad död som är svår att skilja från tankar på suicid och som är grundat i ett lidande hos patienter med allvarliga livshotande sjukdomar.  Syftet: Syftet var att undersöka upplevelser och förekomst av en önskan att påskynda sin död och suicidtankar hos patienter med palliativa vårdbehov.  Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats baserad på 17 vetenskapliga artiklar som analyserades med tematisk analys.  Resultat: I resultatet framkom sex teman; Existentiella faktorer som påverkar upplevelserna av en önskan att dö, Upplevelserna av identitet i förhållande till livssituationen, Symtombörda och sjukdomsbörda som bidragande faktorer för en önskan att dö, Hur relationen med sjukvården påverkar patientens önskan att dö. Det största temat var existentiella faktorer med känslor kring mening, värdighet, livskvalitet, skam och hopplöshet. Även känslor kring att vara en börda för andra och förlust av autonomi spelade in. Fysiska symtom som smärta och psykiska som depression visade sig också vara närvarande.  Slutsats: Patienter med palliativa vårdbehov som uttrycker en önskan att vilja påskynda sin död har ett komplext lidande med grund i flera orsaker. Lidandet och önskan är dynamiskt och förändras med symtombördan och kriser som uppstår i sjukdomsförloppet men också utifrån det stöd de får från vården, därför behöver specialistsjuksköterskan och det palliativa teamet fråga om tankar finns och om orsakerna till dessa. / Background: In palliative care, patients who have a serious illness associated with severe suffering are cared for, especially at the end of life. At times, patients in palliative care express suicidal thoughts, a wish to die or to hasten their death, which can be experienced as challenging for healthcare professionals to respond to. Suicide is when a person inflicts injury on to themselves with the intention to end their life. It is associated with mental illness, however, it can also have other causes such as, crises resulting from mental pain or physical illness. As well as the desire for a hastened death which is difficult to distinguish from thoughts of suicide and which is based on the suffering of patients with serious life-threatening diseases. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the experience and occurrence of a desire to hasten one's death, as well as suicidal thoughts in patients with palliative care needs. Method: General literature review with an inductive methodology based on 17 peer-reviewed articles that were analyzed utilizing a thematic analytical approach. Results: The results illuminated six themes; Existential factors that influence the experiences of a wish to die, The experiences of identity in relation to the life situation, Symptom burden and disease burden as contributing factors to a wish to die, How the relationship with healthcare affects patients who wish to die, Actions to hasten death and Occurrence and frequency of a wish to die. The most prevalent theme was existential factors that was associated with feelings surrounding meaning, dignity, quality of life, shame, and hopelessness. The feeling of being a burden to others and a loss of autonomy was also included. Physical symptoms such as pain, as well as psychological symptoms such as depression were also found to be present. Conclusion: Patients with palliative care needs, who express a desire to hasten their death, endure complex suffering that is caused by a multitude of origins. The suffering and the desire are dynamic and change with the burden of symptoms and crises that arise during the course of the disease. However, it is also based on the support they receive from the healthcare institutions, therefore, the specialist nurses and the palliative care team need to ask whether the suicidal thoughts exist and the reasons for them.
6

Vilka har allvarligt övervägt självmord i Umeå? : - suicidtankar relaterat till livsomständigheter / Who has seriously considered suicide in Umeå? : - suicidal ideation related to living circumstances

Laine Stenberg, Victor, Norberg, Kevin January 2021 (has links)
Detta är en fördjupande studie baserat på en kvantitativ folkhälsoundersökning som visade samband i särskilt utsatthet bland förekomst av vilka som allvarligt övervägt självmord och demografiska faktorer hos folkbokförda i Umeå. Byggt på premissen av det pågående suicidpreventiva arbetet i Umeå tar denna studie i anspråk att utforska vilka livsomständigheter som skiljer sig åt mellan den generella populationen i Umeå jämfört med de som allvarligt övervägt självmord, samt föreslå suicidpreventiva åtgärdsförslag utifrån resultaten.    Data som omsattes i denna studie var ursprungligen insamlat av Övergripande planering Umeå kommun genom ett stratifierat urval som svarade mot olika demografiska områden av Umeå som resulterade i 2588 svaranden, med en svarsfrekvens av 37% som deltog i en folkhälsoundersökning som omfattade 102 frågor vilka var kvalitetskontrollerade av SCB.  Studieförfattarna utformade en metod för att skala ner urvalet av livsomständigheter till 15 variabler som skulle överensstämma med studiens teman: demografi, ekonomiska förutsättningar, vanor, mående och stöd som alla ställdes mot frågan: “Har du allvarligt övervägt självmord?”, där 10,7% av de tillfrågade svarade affirmativt. Slutsatser av denna studie är att undersökta livsomständigheter såsom socioekonomiska faktorer, vanor, demografiska faktorer, mående och stöd indikeras vara relaterade till en högre förekomst av att ha allvarligt övervägt självmord för folkbokförda i Umeå. Bland annat visas fulltidsanställda vara 22,9% mindre sannolika- där studerande är mer än dubbelt så sannolika- där personer som har sjuk- eller aktivitetsersättning var 444,9% mer sannolika att allvarligt ha övervägt självmord. Svaranden anger oftare sämre sömn (42,9% jämfört med 70,7%) hos de som allvarligt övervägt självmord. 77,4% av svaranden med ångestrelaterade svårigheter- 43,0% av svaranden med behov av psykisk vård som inte sökt- och 56,4% av svaranden med psykiska funktionshinder uppger att de allvarligt övervägt självmord jämfört med 10,7% hos generella svaranden. Utifrån studiens resultat föreslår studieförfattarna kompletterande lokala suicidpreventiva åtgärder, men finner behov av åtgärder med nationellt omfång för att svara mot de bredare socioekonomiska- och sociala problem som premissen och resultatet av denna studie belyser. / This is an in-depth study based on a quantitative public health survey which raised cause for concern about sociodemographic differences in occurrence of who has seriously considered suicide in the municipality of Umeå. Following the premise built on the current suicide prevention work in Umeå this study aims to give insight on which living circumstances differ regarding those with suicidal ideation in Umeå compared to the general population and what proposed actions might be indicated from the results.   The data used in this study was originally sampled by Övergripande planering, Umeå municipality using a stratified selection of different demographics in Umeå resulting in 2588 participants, an answer rate of 37% who answered a public health survey consisting of 102 questions, which was quality checked by SCB.   By process of elimination finding relevant living circumstances the authors designed a method of selection resulting in 15 variables consistent with the subtypes: demographics, economical circumstances, habits, health and support, all of which to correlate with the question translated to: “Have you seriously considered suicide?” where 10,7% of respondents answered positively.   Conclusions from this study are that certain life circumstances such as socioeconomic factors, habits, demographic factors, well-being and support is indicated being related to a higher prevalence of having seriously considered suicide amongst habitants of Umeå. Key findings include full-time employed was 22,9% less likely-, where students were more than two times more likely- and people on welfare or sick leave were 444,9% more likely to have seriously considered suicide. Respondents are less likely to have a good nights sleep (42,9% compared to 70,7%) if they have seriously considered suicide. 77,4% of those with anxiety-related issues, 43,0% of those in need of medical care for psychological health and 56,4% of respondents with psychological disability responds to have seriously considered suicide compared to the average of 10,7%. The authors provide examples of local implementations based on the findings but arrive at the need for a national scope to come to terms with the wider socio-economic and social issues that is suggested by the premise and result of this study.

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