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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
561

Planung und Steuerung von Produktion und Recycling in kreislaufwirtschaftlich ausgeprägten Unternehmensnetzwerken : ein Supply Chain Management orientierter Ansatz /

Martens, Heiko. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Zugl.: @Göttingen, Universiẗat, Diss., 2006.
562

Um diagnóstico do elo curtume da cadeia do couro do Oeste Paulista baseado na Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM) / A diagnosis of the tannery link in the Oeste Paulista leather chain based on Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM)

Oliveira, Caio Vinícius Mazaro de 08 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Caio Vinícius Mazaro de Oliveira (caio.mazaro4@gmail.com) on 2018-05-07T17:14:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CaioOliveira_PGAD_TUPA_fevereito2018.pdf.pdf: 2238562 bytes, checksum: 4ea0ca28386966e61e61aa15bfae4927 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Eliana Katia Pupim (katiapupim@tupa.unesp.br) on 2018-05-08T14:29:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_cvm_me_tupa.pdf: 2238562 bytes, checksum: 4ea0ca28386966e61e61aa15bfae4927 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-08T14:29:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_cvm_me_tupa.pdf: 2238562 bytes, checksum: 4ea0ca28386966e61e61aa15bfae4927 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-08 / O Brasil está entre os países que mais exportam couro. O segmento de couro possui importante papel na contribuição do desenvolvimento econômico de várias cidades brasileiras. O estado de São Paulo é destaque na produção de couros, juntamente como o estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Neste processo ocorre o beneficiamento do couro, sendo repassado para indústrias que elaboram roupas, sapatos, acessórios, e diversos outros produtos. Essas organizações, denominadas de agroindústrias processadoras de couro, estão em busca de uma gestão eficiente, que contemple toda produção, visando o aumento do resultado financeiro, possibilitando a continuação da atividade. Para tanto, a redução de desperdícios e ganho na qualidade são requisitos fundamentais para essa gestão. Diante da carência de estudos, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral diagnosticar por meio da Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM) aspectos de melhoria na gestão do elo curtume da cadeia do couro do Oeste Paulista. A abordagem da LSCM sendo aplicada corretamente cumpre os requisitos buscados pelas organizações. Para atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, utilizou-se como método de pesquisa o estudo de caso do tipo múltiplo, com a condução de visitas in loco e aplicação de formulário em cinco Unidades de Pesquisa, caracterizando os portes das organizações, os tipos de processos que elas fazem, quais os elementos e pilares que mais precisam de suporte referente à abordagem empregada, quais as ferramentas utilizadas que se enquadram na LSCM e os benefícios e dificuldades da aplicação. Destacam-se como resultados da coleta de dados que os pilares da Gestão da Tecnologia de Informação, Gestão Logística e Melhoria Contínua são os que mais carecem de melhorias, necessitando empregar a tecnologia da informação na comunicação com os clientes, planejar a rede logística de distribuição, direcionar equipes de trabalho para melhoria contínua. Os planos de ação para elaborar como serão realizadas as ações supramencionadas são oportunidades de futuras pesquisas. / Brazil is among the countries that export the most leather. The leather segment plays an important role in the contribution of the economic development of several Brazilian cities. The state of São Paulo is prominent in the production of leather, along with the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In this process the leather is processed, being passed on to industries that manufacture clothes, shoes, accessories, and various other products. These organizations, called leather processing agroindustries, are in search of an efficient management that contemplates all production, aiming to increase the financial result, allowing the continuation of the activity. Therefore, waste reduction and quality gain are fundamental requirements for this management. In view of the lack of studies, the present research has as general objective to diagnose, through the Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM), aspects of improvement in the management of the tannery chain link of the leather chain of Oeste Paulista. The LSCM approach being applied correctly meets the requirements sought by organizations. In order to reach the research objective, a multiple-case study was used as the research method, with the conduction of on-site visits and application of the form in five Research Units, characterizing the organizations' sizes, the types of processes that they do, which elements and pillars most need support regarding the approach employed, which tools are used that fit the LSCM, and the benefits and difficulties of the application. It is highlighted as results of data collection that the pillars of Information Technology Management, Logistics Management and Continuous Improvement are the ones that need the most improvement, needing to use information technology in communication with customers, to plan the distribution logistics network, to direct work teams for continuous improvement. The action plans to elaborate how the aforementioned actions will be carried out are opportunities for future research.
563

Intermodal Transportation within Green Supply Chain Management and Green Logistics : An Analysis of the Relationship between the Topics in the Literature and in Practice

Kiy, Kevin, Scanvic, Florian January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
564

Planification stratégique d'une Supply chain sous contraintes d'incertitude : affectation de la production et dimensionnement des ressources / Strategic planning of a Supply chain under constraints of uncertainty : production allocation and ressources desing

Pernot, Pierre-Alban 18 December 2013 (has links)
Ce doctorat a porté, pour partie, sur une problématique dérivée du cas de la Supply Chain Tourisme Camionnette Europe de la société Michelin. Celle-ci a été formulée comme un problème d’Affectation Stratégique des Productions et de Dimensionnement des Ressources ainsi que de la Flexibilité (ASPDRF) du système de production d’une Supply Chain dans un contexte incertain. Ce problème ASPDRF présentant un certain nombre de spécificités rendant impossible le recours à des méthodes existantes ; un modèle linéaire dédié ainsi qu’une métaheuristique de type « Greedy Randomized Adaptative Search Procedure » (GRAPS) ont été construits. Cette dernière a permis l’obtention de résultats de bonnes qualités et industriellement exploitables et, ce, même dans le cas d’instances de très grandes tailles ; instances ne pouvant être résolues par le recours à la programmation linéaire. Ceci constitue, en plus de l’originalité de certaines contraintes considérées, l’un des apports de ces travaux de doctorat vis-à-vis de la thématique du Supply Chain Network Design à laquelle ils se rattachent. Au-delà de la résolution du problème ASPDRF, ces travaux de doctorat ont également portés sur la réalisation d’un environnement intégré de planification couvrant les horizons stratégique, tactiques et opérationnels ainsi que les différentes boucles de rétroaction associées. Celui-ci a pour vocation d’apporter une aide au manager lors des différentes étapes de prises de décisions associées à ces horizons de planification. Cet environnement, constitué du GRASP proposé ainsi que de modèles de flot et de modèles linéaires spécifiques, présente lui aussi la particularité de pouvoir adresser des problèmes de grandes tailles. / Works made during this PhD deal with a problem arising from the Europe Tourism Supply Chain of the firm Michelin. They are formulated as a Strategic Production Allocation, Resource sizing and Flexibility design problem of a Supply Chain Manufacturing System in an uncertain context. Because of it’s specificities, this problem can’t be solved using existing methods. Consequently, a dedicated linear program and a metaheuristic have been defined. This metaheuristic corresponds to a dedicated « Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure » (GRAPS). It has led to good quality solutions with real industrial meaningful even in the case of large scale problems. As originality of considered constraints, this result is a contribution regarding existing studies about Supply Chain Network Design problems. Moreover, in the context of this PhD, a global planning system dealing with strategic, tactical and operational planning has been defined. It constitutes a helping tool to manage Supply Chain regarding several options and risky situations. This system consists of the proposed GRASP but also of several dedicated flow models and linear models. It is able to tackle large scale problems in a rather short time.
565

Le dispositif d'ajustement de comportements entre économie "de marché" et économie "d'organisation" : le cas de la supply chain automobile au Maroc : étude des sites SOMACA et RENAULT-Tanger / Behaviours adjustment plan between "market Economy" and "organizational Economics" : the case study of Morrocan automotive supply chain : the case of SOMACA and Renault Tanger

Ait El Kadi, Mohamed 07 September 2016 (has links)
Aujourd’hui, une entreprise ne peut, à elle seule, satisfaire les exigences de ses clients. Elle a besoin de s'appuyer sur les acteurs de sa Supply Chain : ses fournisseurs, les fournisseurs de ses fournisseurs et les distributeurs. Dans ce cadre, la littérature met en évidence la prédisposition des acteurs à aligner leurs comportements et à opter pour un comportement global intégrant les caractéristiques physiques, informationnelles, managériales, etc. L’objet de cette recherche est de comprendre par quels dispositifs de coordination ce postulat se réalise. Parallèlement, ces dispositifs de coordination (le contrat, la confiance, le pouvoir ou encore l’opportunisme), qui trouvent généralement leur substance dans les relations interpersonnelles, alimentent une littérature qui a tendance à laisser penser que l’idée d’un alignement de comportement n’est pas soutenable dans les relations inter-firmes. Pour comprendre la relation inter-firmes et les dispositifs mis en place au sein de la Supply Chain Automobile, nous avons exploré une revue de littérature sur la firme, la relation inter-firmes, les différents regards portés sur la coordination inter-firmes et la place accordée à chaque dispositif de coordination. Nous avons également exposé la spécificité du concept SCM et plus largement le concept Supply Chain. Par la suite, une étude de cas, inscrite dans une démarche compréhensive au sens du Dumez (2014), a constitué la phase empirique de notre recherche. La confrontation du matériau théorique au matériau empirique a fait émerger trois idéaux-types de relations (Collaboration, Coordination et Transaction) dont des dispositifs changent d’un type à l’autre et selon que l’on se place en amont ou en aval. Ainsi, peut-on trouver dans le même idéaltype, et chez les mêmes acteurs, des dispositifs ascendants (envers les clients) et descendants (envers les fournisseurs). Cette recherche a appuyé les travaux sur le rôle décisif du leadership, d’une part dans la construction de la relation de collaboration avec ses fournisseurs, et d’autre part sur l’impact qu’il exerce sur la définition des dispositifs de relation. Elle a également montré que la place de la culture dans les relations inter-firmes n’est pas uniforme, mais change en fonction de la solidité du système organisationnel de l’entreprise. Enfin, cette recherche montre la corrélation entre la construction du système organisationnel des entreprises au sein de chaque idéaltype et les cinq principaux facteurs, à savoir, la spécificité de l’actif, la technicité du produit, le temps, la qualité et le prix. / Nowadays, a firm cannot meet its customers' requirements alone. It needs to rely on its Supply Chain : its providers, the providers of its providers, and the distributors.In this framework, the literature highlights the actors’ proneness to align their behaviors and to opt for a global behavior that integrates physical, informational and managerial characteristics. The purpose of this research is to understand by which coordination instruments does this postulate is carried out? On the other hand, these coordination instruments (contract, trust, power or opportunism), which often find their substance in the interpersonal relationships, feed a literature that tends to let one think that the idea of a behavioral alignment is not bearable in the interfirm relationships.To understand the interfirm relationships and its instruments in the automotive supply chain, we have explored a literature review on the firm, the interfirm relationships and the place granted to each coordination instrument. We also showed the specificity of the SCM concept, and more widely the Supply Chain concept. Then, a case study registered in a comprehensive approach, in Dumez sense (2014), constituted the empirical phases of our research. The confrontation of the theoretical material with the empirical material brought three ideal types of relationships to the foreground (Collaboration, Coordination and Transactional), whose instruments change from one to another, and differ if we are upstream or downstream. Within the same idealtype, and the same actors, there are ascendants (towards the customers) or descendants (towards the providers) instruments. This research has rested on the works on the leadership decisive role, on one hand in the building of a collaborative relationship with the providers and, on the other hand, its impact on the definition of the relationship measure. It also demonstrated that the place of the culture in the interfirm relationships is not always the same, but changes depending on the organizational system of the firm. Finally, this research shows the correlation between the organizational system building of the firms within each idealtype, and the five following main factors : the asset specificity, the product technicality, the time, the quality and the price.
566

L’insertion des coopératives issues de l’agriculture familiale dans une global value chain : le cas des apiculteurs du Nordeste du Brésil / The integration of cooperatives from family farming into a global value chain : The Beekeepers of the Northwest Brazil

Da Silva Duarté, Natalia 29 June 2018 (has links)
Notre thèse traite des compétences nécessaires à acquérir afin que les agricultures familiales puissent être incluses durablement dans une Global Value Chain. Nous y développons une grille de lecture de ces compétences, afin de rendre les coopératives capables de gérer leur Supply Chain Management. L’approche par compétences consiste en un apprentissage plus concret, plus actif et plus durable. Il met donc l’accent sur la capacité d’utiliser concrètement ce qui a été appris dans des tâches et situations nouvelles et complexes.Les difficultés des petits agriculteurs remontent à longtemps. Plusieurs études sont été développés pour résoudre leurs principaux problèmes. Ceux-ci comprennent la production à petite échelle, l’obtention du marché pour ces produits, la gestion de leur petite 'entreprise', l’acquisition d’un rendement financier. Le but de notre thèse n’est pas de transformer les petits agriculteurs aux grandes, cette erreur a déjà été commise précédemment par diverses politiques publiques dans les pays en développement. Notre objectif est proposer une voie dans laquelle ils peuvent, même si petite, assurer leur qualité de vie a partir de la production et de la vente de leurs produits.Cependant, nous savons qu’un petit agriculteur n’est pas en mesure d’entrer individuellement dans le marché mondial. Le marché de la consommation a besoin d’une production continue, en volume et en qualité. Alors, ils ont besoins de développer des actions collectives qui puisse les insérer dans ce supply chain global.Pourquoi parlons-nous de l’introduction des producteurs dans les marchés mondiaux, et non pas son introduction dans les marchés locaux ? Eh bien, notre contexte est basée sur les petits agriculteurs de régions sous-développées, ça implique que, les régions dans lesquelles ils sont incorporés n’on pas la capacité économique d’acheter leurs produits pour assurer le durabilité de leurs affaires, de sorte que le défi est d’insérer les agriculteurs dans les circuits globales.Afin que les agriculteurs peuvent avoir un paiement plus équitable pour leur production, et soit capable de 'voler de ses propres ailes', a partir d’un approche capabilités, ils devraient chercher une forme d'organisation qui permet une production avec caractéristiques et qualité similaire, assurer le processus d'emballage et de transport, en plus avoir un potentiel financier et de gestion pour mener des négociations avec les client et fournisseurs. L’option la plus discutée dans la littérature est la coopérative.A partir d’une étude de cas comparative qualitative nous analysons deux territoires dans la région Nordeste du Brésil, dont l’un réussit (le Piauí) et l’autre échoue (le Ceará). Nous élucidons que c’est entre autres la gestion du SCM, le soutien aux apiculteurs et le contrôle de qualité qui sont à l’origine du succès de la coopérative centrale du Piauí. / The difficulties of small farmers go back a long time. Several studies have been developed to solve their main problems. These include small-scale production, obtaining the market for these products, managing their small 'business', acquiring a financial return.The purpose of our thesis is not to transform small farmers to large, this mistake has already been made previously by various public policies in developing countries. Our goal is to provide a way in which they can, even if small, ensuring their quality to improve its product life cycle from production to sale in the market.However, we know that for a small farmer is not easy to enter into the world market individually. The consumer market needs continuous production, in quality and quantity. So, they need to develop collective actions that can insert them into this global supply chain.Why are we talking about the introduction of producers into the world market and not their introduction into local markets? Well, our context is based on small farmers in underdevelopment regions which do Not have the economic capacity to buy their products in the way to ensure the sustainability of their business, so the challenge is; insert farmers into global circuits.In this case, farmers will have a more equitable payment for their production and be able to 'fly on their own', from a capabilities approach, they should look for a form of organization that allows production with characteristics and quality similar, ensuring the packaging and transportation process, in addition to having financial and management potential to conduct negotiations with customers and suppliers. At that moment, we are wondering what is the apropriate legal form “Cooperative” or not.From several case studies we analyze two territories in the Northewest region of Brazil, one (Piauí) and the other (Ceará). We are clear that the management of SCM, support for beekeepers and quality control department are, among others, those that are at the origin of the success of the central cooperative of Piauí.
567

Proposta de um modelo para a adequação dos sistemas de medição de desempenho aos níveis de maturidade da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos

Frederico, Guilherme Francisco 06 February 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4208.pdf: 856652 bytes, checksum: 60ff880800de5b9b2dbedcdc9a794bdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-06 / ABSTRACT Supply chains are becoming increasingly important for companies to survive in today's competitive market. Theories and methods that contributing to the improvement of its management are important elements for research and development in the field of Industrial Engineering. Considering the performance measurement systems as one of these elements, this thesis aims to propose an adequacy model of performance measurement systems and its maturity to the maturity levels of supply chain management due to the lack of a study that shows the relationship between these two elements. For this were studied the performance measurement systems and its maturity as well as the maturity models for supply chain management enabling to build a theoretical model of relationship between these two elements. Using the multiple case method applied on three different analyze units it was possible to analyze the theoretical model purposed. As the main results of this research, in most of cases, was identified the existence of a relationship between the maturity of performance measurement system and maturity of supply chain management, although not always all elements of maturity of these two elements are in the same level of development. As contribution, this model aims to present a new approach to the theory of the performance measurement systems in the supply chain management, as well as, to provide to the practitioners the correct alignment between the maturity of supply chain management and maturity of performance measurement systems. / As cadeias de suprimentos são cada vez mais importantes para a sobrevivência das empresas no mercado competitivo atual. Teorias e métodos que contribuam para a melhoria de sua gestão são elementos importantes para a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento na área da Engenharia de Produção. Considerando os sistemas de medição de desempenho como um desses elementos, esta tese tem por objetivo propor um modelo de adequação dos sistemas de medição de desempenho e sua maturidade aos níveis de maturidade da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, diante da ausência de um estudo que apresente a relação entre estes dois elementos. Para isso, foram estudados os sistemas de medição de desempenho e sua maturidade, como também, os modelos de maturidade para a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, permitindo, desta forma, construir um modelo teórico de relação entre estes dois elementos. Utilizando-se do método de pesquisa de estudo de múltiplos casos aplicados em três diferentes unidades de analise foi possível analisar o modelo teórico proposto. Como principais resultados desta pesquisa, na maioria dos casos, foi identificada a existência de uma relação entre a maturidade do sistema de medição de desempenho e a maturidade da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, embora nem sempre todas as dimensões da maturidade destes dois elementos encontram-se em um mesmo nível de desenvolvimento. Como contribuição, este modelo busca apresentar uma abordagem inédita para a teoria dos sistemas de medição de desempenho no âmbito da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, como também, proporcionar aos praticantes o correto alinhamento entre a maturidade da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos e a maturidade dos sistemas de medição de desempenho.
568

Uma abordagem h?brida para o problema de sele??o de fornecedores em cadeia de suprimentos

Santi, Everton 27 January 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EvertonS_DISSERT.pdf: 1215528 bytes, checksum: 9fd0b2ab4c831dc0b107eb1bed7bb87b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This work presents a hybrid approach for the supplier selection problem in Supply Chain Management. We joined decision-making philosophy by researchers from business school and researchers from engineering in order to deal with the problem more extensively. We utilized traditional multicriteria decision-making methods, like AHP and TOPSIS, in order to evaluate alternatives according decision maker s preferences. The both techiniques were modeled by using definitions from the Fuzzy Sets Theory to deal with imprecise data. Additionally, we proposed a multiobjetive GRASP algorithm to perform an order allocation procedure between all pre-selected alternatives. These alternatives must to be pre-qualified on the basis of the AHP and TOPSIS methods before entering the LCR. Our allocation procedure has presented low CPU times for five pseudorandom instances, containing up to 1000 alternatives, as well as good values for all considered objectives. This way, we consider the proposed model as appropriate to solve the supplier selection problem in the SCM context. It can be used to help decision makers in reducing lead times, cost and risks in their supply chain. The proposed model can also improve firm s efficiency in relation to business strategies, according decision makers, even when a large number of alternatives must be considered, differently from classical models in purchasing literature / Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem h?brida para o problema de sele??o de fornecedores em cadeias de suprimentos geridas com base na metodologia SCM (do ingl?s, Supply Chain Management). Busca-se combinar as filosofias de avalia??o tradicionalmente adotadas pelos pesquisadores oriundos da escola de neg?cios e pelos pesquisadores oriundos da ?rea de engenharia, esta ?ltima baseada em otimiza??o, para o trato do problema. Para tal, utilizam-se t?cnicas multicrit?rios tradicionais, como os m?todos AHP e TOPSIS para avaliar as alternativas segundo a prefer?ncia dos decisores. Ambas as t?cnicas s?o modeladas de maneira a suportar defini??es da Teoria dos Conjuntos Fuzzy, tratando-se assim informa??es imprecisas. Adicionalmente, apresenta-se um algoritmo GRASP, com base em m?ltiplos objetivos, para a aloca??o de pedidos entre as alternativas pr?-selecionadas por meio dos m?todos supracitados. Este algoritmo, por sua vez, apresenta tempos de CPU relativamente baixos para cinco inst?ncias pseudo-aleat?rias, contendo entre 20 e 1000 alternativas, bem como valores pr?ximos aos valores m?nimos para cada um dos objetivos considerados. Destaca-se que o modelo proposto se mostrou apropriado para a avalia??o de fornecedores no contexto apresentado, podendo-se auxiliar os decisores na redu??o de lead times, custos e riscos de sua cadeia de suprimentos, bem como na melhoria da efici?ncia desta estrutura em rela??o ? sua vis?o de neg?cios, mesmo quando um n?mero elevado de alternativas ? considerado, diferentemente dos modelos cl?ssicos apresentados na literatura
569

Integration av underentreprenörer vid outsourcing : En fallstudie på projektet Skanska Slussen

Aronsson, André, Jiman, Niklas January 2018 (has links)
Problem: Byggbranschen är en av de större industrisektorerna som lyckas skapa minst integration. Branschens projektbaserade karaktär och höga fragmentering utgör en betydande utmaning för att involvera berörda parter. Forskarna i denna studie anser det finnas en brist i hur organisationer inom byggbranschen går tillväga för att integrera sina underentreprenörer. Syfte: Studiens syfte har varit att skapa förståelse för de behov och implikationer outsourcing medför i praktiken samt hur dessa optimeras för att nyttja outsourcingens fulla potential. Genom att undersöka en stor aktörs tillvägagångssätt att integrera sina underentreprenörer i en projektbaserad bransch ämnar studien bidra med ökad kunskap för hur integrering kan ske när en organisation väljer att outsourca delar av sin verksamhet. Metod: Studien har använt sig utav semistrukturerade intervjuer samt en av studiens forskares utförda observation som en del av det empiriska underlaget. Intervjuerna skedde med tre av Skanskas anställda: inköpsansvarige, logistikansvarige samt blockchef för SN81. Sedan genomfördes intervjuer med två underentreprenörer och en andraleds-underentreprenör: VSM, Bellmans och Olderin. Slutsats: Integration sker genom kontrakt, strategiska samarbeten och genom informationsdelning. Genom kontraktering och avtal med specifika krav försöker Skanska upprätthålla de standarder och tillvägagångssätt som de anser vara betydande. Som resultat av de strategiska samarbeten och långsiktiga relationer Skanska har skapas ett beroendeförhållande till UE. Outsourcing av verksamhetsområden bidrar till minskad kunskap, insyn och kontroll av verksamheten. Till följd av att Skanska skapar självständiga arbeten och förstärker relationen mellan enheter minskas osäkerheten. Med hjälp av kontrollverktyg minskar Skanska risken för opportunistiskt beteende hos UE. / Problem: The construction industry is one of the major industrial sectors that has created the least integration. The industry's project-based character and high fragmentation contributes to a significant challenge for involving stakeholders. The researchers in this study believe there is a shortage in literature of how organizations in the construction industry manages to integrate their subcontractors. Purpose: The purpose of the study has been to create a clear understanding of the needs and implications of outsourcing in practice and how these are optimized to utilize the full potential of outsourcing. By studying a major actor's approach to integrate its subcontractors in a projectbased industry, the study aims to provide increased knowledge of how integration can be successful when an organization chooses to outsource parts of its production. Method: This study has used semi-structured interviews and one of the researcher’s observations as part of the empirical basis. The interviews took place with three of Skanska's employees: purchasing manager, logistics manager and block manager for SN81. Following interviews were conducted with two subcontractors and one sub-subcontractor: VSM, Bellmans and Olderin. Conclusion: Integration takes place through contracts, strategic partnerships and information sharing. Through contracting and agreements with specific requirements, Skanska tries to maintain the standards and approaches that they consider to be significant. As a result of the strategic partnerships and long-term relationships Skanska has created an interdependence to the subcontractors. Outsourcing of business areas contributes to reduced knowledge, insight and control of operations. As a result of Skanska's creation of self-contained tasks and creation of lateral relations, uncertainty is reduced. With the help of control tools, Skanska reduces the risk of opportunistic behaviour among subcontractors.
570

Diagnóstico da gestão de resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos e proposta de modelo em um contexto de green supply chain management / Diagnosis of WEEE management and proposal of a model in a Green Supply Chain Management context

Marco Aurélio Soares de Castro 17 October 2014 (has links)
Ao longo do ciclo de vida de um produto, a empresa que o disponibiliza interage com diversas outras organizações, tanto no fluxo direto como no fluxo reverso da cadeia estabelecida, além do consumidor. Assim, para a gestão dos aspectos e impactos ambientais desse produto, é necessário considerar as contribuições de atores como fornecedores, produtores, consumidores e organizações da cadeia reversa que coletam e processam os resíduos gerados. Isso implica adotar o conceito de Green Supply Chain Management (Gestão Ambiental da Cadeia de Suprimentos), o que, entre outros benefícios, permite maior eficiência na gestão de resíduos sólidos gerados ao longo da cadeia, especialmente após o fim da vida útil do produto. Ainda na área de resíduos sólidos, os resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos se caracterizam por conterem diversas substâncias que os tornam potencial fonte de matérias-primas e de riscos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Sua geração extremamente difusa dificulta a caracterização quali-quantitativa e portanto sua gestão e gerenciamento adequados. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa, suportada por revisões bibliográfica e sistemática e por estudos de caso em organizações do município de São Carlos (SP) e de outros municípios que integravam uma mesma cadeia, apresenta um diagnóstico quali-quantitativo da gestão de REE gerados a partir de computadores pessoais descartados na área urbana do município e propõe diretrizes de um modelo de gestão destes resíduos que adota princípios de Green Supply Chain Management. Foi observado que já há disponibilidade técnica para a reutilização, via remanufatura, e a reciclagem de computadores pessoais, porém a deficitária infraestrutura para coleta e armazenamento é um fator limitante para a gestão e gerenciamento adequados. Constatou-se também que a interação e colaboração entre diferentes atores da cadeia identificada pode contribuir para aperfeiçoar a gestão deste tipo de REE. / Throughout the life cycle of a product, its manufacturer interacts with various other organizations, on both the direct and reverse flows of the established chain, as well as the customer. Therefore, in order to manage the environmental aspects and impacts of that product, it is necessary to consider the contributions of participants such as suppliers, producers, consumers and reverse chain organizations that collect and process the waste generated. This implies adopting the concept of Green Supply Chain Management, which, among other benefits, allows greater efficiency in the management of solid waste generated along the chain, especially when the product reaches its end of life. Still in the field of solid waste, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) are characterized by containing various substances that make them potential sources of precious raw materials and, simultaneously, risks to health and the environment. Its extremely diffuse generation makes quali-quantitative characterizations and therefore its proper management more difficult. In this context, the research reported here, comprised of bibliographic and systematic reviews and case studies in organizations in São Carlos (SP) and other cities that are part of the same chain, presents a quali-quantitative diagnosis of REE management generated from personal computers discarded in the urban area of that city and proposes guidelines of a management model that adopts Green Supply Chain Management principles. It was observed that there is already technical availability for reuse (after remanufacturing) and recycling of personal computers, but poor infrastructure for collection and storage is a limiting factor. It was also noted that the interaction and cooperation between different actors in the identified chain may contribute to improve the management of this type of WEEE.

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