<p>Doktorska disertacija razmatra probleme upravljanja rizicima u lancima snabdevanja sa osnovnim ciljem razvoja modela za upravljanje određenom grupom rizika-logističkim rizicima. Na osnovu širokog pregleda postojeće literature predloženo je više originalnih konceptualnih okvira namenjenih razumevanju složene strukture koncepta rizika u lancima snabdevanja i principa njihove sistemske analize i upravljanja. Takođe, razvijen je originalni model identifikacije, ocene i tretiranja logističkih rizika, koji se zasniva na simulaciji diskretnih događaja i SCOR metodologiji. Testiranjem predloženih okvira i modela na realnom primeru pokazana je njihova praktična primeljivost.</p> / <p>The thesis is dedicated to exploring the problems of supply chain risk<br />management with the final aim of developing model for logistics risk<br />management. Based on a broad literature review it is proposed a several<br />original conceptual frameworks aimed to understanding the complex<br />structure of the supply chain risks concept as well as principles of their<br />system analysis and management. In addition, original model for<br />identification, assessment and control is developed, based on discrete event<br />simulation and SCOR methodology. Case study shows practical applicability<br />of proposed frameworks and models.</p>

Supply chains are considered the foundation of the global economy, and businesses with global supply chains usually encounter at least 1 disruption annually. Mitigating the negative impact of disruptions is critical to supply chain managers, as disruptions can negatively impact organizational profitability and performance. Grounded in the resource dependence theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies organizational and supply chain managers use to mitigate negative results from supply chain disruption. Participants were 4 supply chain managers working in 2 different international organizations located in Jordan, who used effective strategies to mitigate supply chain disruptions. Data collection involved semistructured interviews and a review of organizational documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and 2 main themes emerged: Developing relationships and collaboration and strategy to identify supply chain disruption. The implications for positive social change include the potential for organizational and supply chain managers to mitigate negative results of supply chain disruptions and improve organizational performance. Sustaining organizational performance promotes the well-being of employees, families, communities, and the economy, which can result in customer satisfaction, business growth, and stable employment.

No description available.

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is a topic that gains more and more interest from both the academic and practitioner’s perspective. The reason for this is the increased complexity in the global supply chain (SC) networks and many managers do not realize the risks they build in their SC by the continuous search to cut cost and decrease tied up capital. One problem with SCRM is that it is hard to measure the performance of it and if it is really beneficial to work with it. The objective for this master thesis is to investigate how companies can evaluate and thereby improve their SCRM efforts by connecting the field of SCRM to the field of performance measurement systems (PMS). First, a thorough literature search was conducted where the current literature about SCRM and PMS was examined to understand what the literature recommends. This was followed by a multiple case study including semi-structured interviews with SC managers at eight companies to get the practical aspect of the problem.The results of the research show that companies work with SCRM in many different ways. The companies that have advanced furthest are the ones that have connected their SCRM to existing key performance indicators (KPIs) and because of that they have been able to measure the results of their SCRM efforts. The top-performers had a comprehensive understanding of their risk drivers and risks that affected their SC, which was consistent with the literature. Connecting the SCRM to the PMS, the companies can better monitor how the SCRM affect the performance goals for the SC performance. Then the next step is then to connect key risk indicators (KRIs) to the key KPIs that will give managers longer time to react to potential risks. Only one company in the study had accomplished this, hence, there is a great space for improvements for many companies.

Supply chains have become more complex in the global economy, which has made supply chain disruptions inevitable. Disruptions can cause loss of profitability and hinder business growth. The goal of this multiple case study was to explore strategies to mitigate the effects of disruption in grocery store supply chains. The conceptual framework for this study was the resource dependency theory, which stipulates that firms rely on other businesses in the external environment for critical resources to create a competitive edge. Four purposively selected participants from 4 grocery store businesses in Northwest Arkansas participated in semistructured interviews and provided organizational documentation for this study. The participants were supply chain managers who had knowledge about disruptions and had successfully mitigated disruptions in their grocery stores' supply chains. Yin's 5-step process was used to analyze data, which involved compiling the database, disassembling data, reassembling data, interpreting data, and making a conclusion. Four themes emerged from the data analysis: supply chain partners' collaboration, multiple supply base and supplier qualification, inventory management, and information technology and communication. The uninterrupted flow of grocery merchandise to the community could result in a positive social change by helping to ensure that community members have timely access to food.

M. Tech. (Department of Logistics Management, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / The importance of the food retail industry and its role in stimulating economic growth and ensuring food availability as the final actor in the food supply chain in many countries is well documented in literature. This stands true in the case of Zimbabwe, where the industry has grown tremendously to become a significant contributor to the gross domestic product through employment creation, tax contributions and infrastructural development. Despite these contributions, the industry faces challenges in the form of supply chain risks. This is primarily due to the nature of the retail supply chain in Zimbabwe where over two-thirds of the products sold are imported. This forms the basis of this study which seeks to understand how supply chain risk management in food retail firms impacts on firm operational performance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between supply chain risk management and operational performance in the food retail industry in Harare, Zimbabwe. To achieve the study’s aim, several variables were considered; namely, supply chain risk management, supply chain risk information sharing, and supply chain risk analysis and assessment, supply chain risk-sharing mechanisms and operational performance. The study followed a quantitative research approach based on a positivist paradigm. A total of 264 food retail firm owners, managers and professional employees who possess knowledge on supply chain risk management in Harare were selected using a non-probability, purposive sampling technique. Data were then collected using a close-ended survey questionnaire which was developed using adapted measurement scales. The collected data were analysed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25.0) and the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS version 25.0) statistical software. The applied data analysis techniques included descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Inferential statistics used two approaches, namely, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The EFA tested for the factor structure of the collected data, whereas SEM tested for both psychometric properties of measurement scales and the relationships in the proposed hypotheses. The results of the study showed that supply chain risk management has a direct and significant relationship with both supply chain risk information sharing and supply chain risk analysis and assessment. Supply chain risk analysis and assessment yielded a positive and significant relationship with supply chain risk-sharing mechanisms. The relationship between supply chain risk analysis and assessment and supply chain risk-sharing mechanisms was significant but weak. Supply chain risk-sharing mechanisms had a strong and positive relationship with operational performance. There was, however, no significant direct relationship between supply chain risk management and operational performance. Insights gained from this study have merit from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Theoretically, the study provides an understanding of some driving factors to supply chain risk management, supply chain risk-sharing information sharing, supply chain risk analysis and assessment, supply chain risk-sharing mechanisms and operational performance within the food retail industry in Zimbabwe. Since there is limited evidence of similar previous studies in Zimbabwean food retail firms, the results are an essential addition to the existing body of literature within the area of supply chain management and supply chain risk management in the context of a developing country. From a management perspective, the study suggests specific recommendations that should be implemented for the optimisation of all five constructs.

Ämnet riskhantering inom försörjningskedjor syftar till att skapa förutsättningar för kontinuitet genom verktyg, processer och samarbeten mellan försörjningskedjans aktörer. Ämnet har seglat upp som högintressant på grund av Covid-19 pandemin och dess omfattande påverkan på försörjningskedjor. I den här studien undersöktes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer hur fem organisationer inom både offentlig och privat sektor har till följd av arbetet med riskhantering i försörjningskedjor före och under pandemin, samt hur de planerar för framtiden. Studiens resultat visar att riskhantering i försörjningskedjor före pandemin inte tillämpats i hög utsträckning, med begränsad lagerhållning och leverantörsberoende. Under pandemin har organisationerna vidtagit flera åtgärder, tydligast syns en ökad lagerhållning och ett ökat antal leverantörer. Även användandet av riskhanteringsverktyg, kommunikation och samarbete har underlättat situationen under pandemin. Resultatet tyder på att samtliga respondenter inte kommer återgå till hur det var innan pandemin, utan kommer behålla stora delar av den riskhantering de utvecklat under pandemin, där ökad lagerhållning och användandet av fler leverantörer än tidigare är det som sticker ut. / Supply Chain Risk Management aims to create prerequisites for continuity through tools, processes and collaboration between different actors in each supply chain. The subject has become increasingly relevant due to significant supply chain disruptions brought on by the Covid-19. In this study, the Supply Chain Risk Management applications of five different actors, from both private and public sectors, have been studied through the use of semi-structured interviews, in regards to before and during Covid-19 and how these actors plan to manage Supply Chain risks in the future. The results from the study show a limited Supply Chain Risk Management application before Covid-19. During the pandemic, the actors have taken multiple courses of action. Most prominent are increased safety stock and the use of multiple suppliers. The use of Supply Chain Risk Management tools, increased communication, and collaboration have also mitigated the effects of the pandemic on supply chains. The results show that in future, the actors in the study will not return to the pre-pandemic status quo and will instead continue to use many parts of the Supply Chain Risk Management tools they have developed during the pandemic, where increased safety stock and multiple suppliers seem to be the most prominent course of action.

企業為有效提高生產效率、降低成本與找尋最佳解決方案，促成專業高效率、有彈性與低成本合作夥伴遍及全球各地的現象。而當前產業趨勢為專業化分工、企業全球化，此情況也使企業、顧客與供應商等合作夥伴形成關係極為複雜的全球化供應鏈網路，但伴隨而來是發生機率大幅提高之供應鏈風險等相關問題。2011年3月日本發生芮氏規模8.9地震，且併發如海嘯等災害造成日本企業減產停工、並出現供應鏈中斷的情況，使蘋果公司產品i-Devices、波音七八七客機、美國汽車廠商都受其影響。2011年7月泰國發生水災，除造成電腦產業硬碟短缺，亦造成相關電腦資訊產業鉅額損失。近年來關於供應鏈風險管理文獻研究也指出，全球化使供應鏈網路錯綜複雜，使供應鏈網路更容易受政治及經濟變化影響而出現混亂、崩潰，進而產生更大的風險。因此對企業而言供應鏈風險管理議題是非常重要的。有鑑於此，本研究將針對「如何有效減低供應鏈風險發生之衝擊」為主要議題進行研究。 本研究使用陳有慶(2013)相互影響關聯之供應鏈風險因子表，且從文獻蒐集相關風險因子之供應鏈風險管理策略，並運用系統動態模擬方法(System Dynamics; SD)建立以SCOR流程模式為整體框架基礎架構的供應鏈風險管理策略評估模擬模式。藉由此模擬模式可評估測試供應鏈風險管理策略對不同風險因子的影響，驗證各策略降低風險的有效性，並觀察不同策略對各風險因子的控制及降低對供應鏈衝擊的效果，最後針對各風險因子策略彙整並分析出對應之最佳風險管理策略。 / To reduce cost, increase productivity enterprises, and find the best solution. Enterprises cooperate with professional efficiency, flexible, and low-cost partners all over the world. Industry specialization, corporate globalization is the current trend of the times. The phenomenon also contributed to the enterprise, customers and suppliers, and other partners to form a highly complex relationship between global supply chain networks, it is accompanied by the occurrence of risk related issues. The earthquake happened on Japan in March 2011, it caused related subsequent disaster also caused Japanese companies cut downtime or the disruption of supply chain situation. In recent years, research on risk management of the supply chain literature also prove that the globalization cause the supply chain network complexity, and it have a greater risk happen because of political and economic environment changes. Therefore this research concentrates on a topic: how to effectively mitigate risk impacts in supply chain. About the topic, the System Dynamics (SD) method and the risk factor framework of supply chains by Chen&Lin (2013) will be used to construct a risk management strategy evaluation simulation model to evaluate the performance of risk management strategies. The risk management strategies will be examined by the proposed simulation model, and the proper strategy for each risk factor will be found. The risk assessment and risk management strategy evaluation simulation model proposed in this research could be as useful tools for managers to assess risks and to select proper risk management strategies in supply chains.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2017-02-10T10:50:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandro dos Reis_.pdf: 4199488 bytes, checksum: 3deac5077892743f840db5dbbf73d810 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-10T10:50:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandro dos Reis_.pdf: 4199488 bytes, checksum: 3deac5077892743f840db5dbbf73d810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / Nenhuma / As cadeias reversas de suprimento fazem parte do nosso cotidiano. O aumento da sua popularidade ocorre, principalmente, pela expansão do comércio online, onde estão estabelecidos os canais reversos de troca; de devolução em garantia; e por cancelamento da compra. No segmento industrial, os canais reversos são muito populares, como por exemplo, o retorno de embalagens de produtos, o retorno de resíduos industriais para reprocessamento ou destinação final, e o retorno de materiais pós-consumo para o reaproveitamento. Na indústria do aço, a cadeia reversa da sucata metálica é responsável pela gestão do fluxo reverso dos materiais metálicos usados desde o consumidor até o seu ponto de origem, a usina siderúrgica. O aço possui a característica de ser 100% reciclável, sem perdas de propriedades do metal; além do seu processo de reciclagem representar vantagens econômicas e ambientais. A pesquisa propõe o resgate conceitual sobre a estruturação de atividades das cadeias reversas e o gerenciamento de riscos nas cadeias de suprimentos. Através da combinação destas abordagens, elaborou-se uma estrutura geral de atividades, bem como a identificação dos riscos dos intermediários da cadeia da sucata metálica. Como resultado, a pesquisa não limita-se a apresentar a estrutura genérica de atividades e as ações de prevenção dos riscos da cadeia da sucata, mas evolui através proposição de uma metodologia de gerenciamento de riscos aplicável a qualquer cadeia reversa de diferentes segmentos industriais. / The reverse supply chains are part of our daily life. The increase in their popularity is mainly the expansion of online commerce, where the reverse exchange channels are established; of warranty return; and purchase canceled. In the industrial sector, reverse channels are very popular, such as the return of product packaging, industrial waste comeback for reprocessing or final disposal, and the return post-consumer materials for reuse. In the steel industry, the reverse chain of scrap metal is responsible for managing the reverse flow of metallic materials used from the consumer to their point of origin, the steel milling. Steel has the characteristic of being 100% recyclable without loss of properties of the metal; apart from its recycling process represent economic and environmental advantages. The research proposed the conceptual review of the activities of structuring reverse chains and supply chain management risk. By combining these approaches, it drew up a general framework of activities, as well as recognition of the risks of the intermediaries of the scrap metal supply chain. As a result, the survey does not limit to presenting the generic structure of activities and mitigation risk actions in scrap supply chain, but evolves through proposing a risk management methodology applicable to any reverse chain of different industries.

This study focuses on one of the emerging issues in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), “conflict minerals”. The discussion of the “conflict minerals” issue is that the trade of “conflict minerals”, originating from the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), helps to finance conflicts characterized by extreme violence including killing and rape, therefore, the downstream companies which indirectly buy these minerals should take actions (Global Witness, 2010).This study first seeks to provide an overview of the Swedish companies’ progress on the conflict minerals issue through desktop research, and later tries to find out the driving forces, the measures and the existing challenges related to the conflict minerals issue through case studies. In the case studies, interviews were carried out with Sony Ericsson and Atlas Copco. The results of the study show that most companies studied in the six industries have not addressed the conflict minerals issue while companies in the electronic industry has made the most progress on conflict minerals in Sweden. In the case studies, the results present that external pressure is one of the major driving forces for both companies, and Sony Ericsson have taken several measures which seem to be aligned with supply chain risk management approach and OECD DD Guidance. In addition, both companies have tried to integrate conflict mineral management into existing supply chain management. The challenges are different depending on the progress of the companies.The study contributes to providing a better understanding of the current situation surrounding the conflict minerals issue in Sweden and to elaborating examples of the measures and the existing challenges.