This diploma thesis aims to provide an overview of social networks issue, specifically of increasingly popular Instagram with regard to body and corporeality perception of its users and interpersonal interactions. The theoretical part of this thesis cover symbolic interactionism, which analyse the society through individual interactions and interprets them. Other theoretical chapters are dedicated to notions of self-presentation and body from the sociological point of view and current research of self-presentation and interactions in the Instagram environment. For the empirical part of this diploma thesis the qualitative approach has been chosen. The sample of studied individuals was composed using the purposive sample and the snow ball method, with respect to defined socio-demographic criterions. The sample is composed of man and women in the age of twenty to thirty years old, living in the Czech Republic, who are university students or absolvents. The data were obtained using semi-structured interviews and diary research. The audio record, text and photographs were analysed following the example of the grounded theory.

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Les échanges au sujet de phénomènes paranormaux sont présents et bien installés sur le web. Le choix de plateformes qui s’offre aux utilisateurs est vaste pour partager son expérience avec les autres. Certains choisissent Reddit et particulièrement des subreddits dédiés au paranormal. Ce mémoire analyse une communauté en ligne, active sur le subreddit r/Ghosts, constituée de fans des phénomènes paranormaux. Je m’interroge sur les moyens mis en œuvre par cette communauté pour interagir dans le but de faire sens de la question de la potentielle existence des fantômes. À l’aide de concepts comme l’interactionnisme symbolique, la culture participative et l’intelligence collective, j’ai analysé une quarantaine d’interactions textuelles issues d’un partage de contenu médiatique. Les membres de la communauté, appelés redditors, interagissent pour trouver des solutions à des énigmes perçues comme étant de nature paranormale, mais aussi pour discuter et se divertir. Ces redditors interagissent avec différentes valeurs et croyances, parfois partagées. / The web is awash with conversations about paranormal activity. There are a lot of platforms on which users can share their experience. Some choose to pick Reddit and particularly subreddits dedicated to the paranormal. This master’s thesis studies the subreddit r/Ghosts, an online community (OC) dedicated to ghosts. Here, I question the means used by this OC to make sense of the possible existence of ghosts via interaction. Using theories and concepts such as symbolic interactionism, participatory culture, and collective intelligence, I studied over forty textual interactions initiated by a post including a media (picture, video, or audio). The redditors of r/Ghosts interact with each other to figure out paranormal enigmas but also to simply discuss or for entertainment purposes. They interact with different values and beliefs that they sometimes share.

The aim of the study was to investigate how staff in student health teams at high school perceives how the pressure to perform socially in the social arena of school affects the students and how staff prevent, or perceive that they should work preventively against this. The study is based on eight qualitative, semi-structured interviews with staff from student health-teams at high schools. The collected data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that staff from the student health-teams perceived that students may feel pressure and stress to live up to some form of expectations set by themselves and others. This can lead to psychosomatic issues, condescending thoughts and self-valuations. The results also show that preventive work can focus on making norms visible and talk about what they mean and how they affect us. That can give the students an understanding of what unconsciously affects them and their well-being. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka elevhälsans uppfattningar av hur pressen att prestera socialt, i skolan som social arena, yttrar sig hos eleverna, samt hur personalen arbetar, eller uppfattar att de bör arbeta förebyggande mot social prestationspress. Åtta kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med personal ur elevhälsoteam på gymnasieskolor. Den insamlade empirin analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att personal ur elevhälsoteam uppfattar att elever kan känna press och stress att leva upp till någon form av förväntan från sig själva och andra. Det kan yttra sig i psykosomatiska besvär och nedlåtande tankar och värderingar om sig själv. Resultaten visar även att det förebyggande arbetet kan fokusera på att synliggöra normer och prata om vad de betyder och vad de gör med oss. Detta för att ge eleverna en större förståelse för vad som omedvetet kan påverka dem och deras välmående.

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The aim of this study is to highlight and gain an increased understanding of the stigma that can occur while growing up without a correct diagnosis. Furthermore, the study aims to increase understanding of the importance and need for knowledge about autism among social workers who work in school and care environment. Even though society´s view of people with disability has changed for the better in recent times, previous research shows that there is a stigma around people diagnoses with autism. Research also shows that it is not the diagnosis itself that is stigmatizing but the characteristics that are related to it, which can mean that undiagnosed could experience the same stigma. Research further shows that there is a need to educate social workers about the experiences and difficulties that people with autism goes through in life. The empirical data that was used in this study is based on autobiographies written by people diagnosed with autism later in life. In addition to the autobiographies, an interview was conducted with an experienced social worker to deepen the analysis. Qualitative methods are used in the form of manifest qualitative content analysis and a semi structured interview that was transcribed and analyzed together with the autobiographies. To understand the empirical data two theories were used in the analysis process, symbolic interactionism and Goffman’s stigma. The result of this study shows that both authors' upbringing was marked by a difference that was due to deviations in social interaction, exclusion in several social contexts and a development of mental illness. It is also something that is confirmed by the social worker's experiences. Another conclusion from the social worker's experiences is that knowledge is needed to be able to identify individuals with autism and prevent the feeling of stigma and exclusion.