Abstract This study deals with the grammar sections in one older and one newer textbook series for Swedish in grades 7–9. The questions for the study are: firstly, the scope of the teaching materials, the content and the number of exercises, and secondly if the content presentation can be classified as deductive or inductive, and if the design of exercises is mainly product or process-oriented. Furthermore the relationship between the goals of the national curriculum and progression in grades 7–9 is investigated. The method chosen for this study is a text analysis. The results show that both textbook series contain similar content for word classes, that the material presentation is predominantly deductive and that most exercises are product-oriented. Differences that can be seen are that the older teaching series contain more pages devoted to word classes and parts of speech and more exercises. Furthermore, the older textbooks series show a clearer progression to the curriculum goals. The conclusions are that the two teaching materials have difficulties to deviate from the focus on grammatical terminology, but also to link grammar to students' own writing.

The diploma thesis is about draft of textbook which is focused on indirect taxes for business school. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on teaching tax issues at business school. Readers are introduced with basic studying documents, for example framework educational program and school educational program. In the following part I have conducted didactic analysis of curriculum and textbook of economics for business schools. The draft of textbook about indirect taxes, which is the most important part of diploma thesis, is based on the didactic analysis. The textbook was tested in practice - in teaching at business school.

This study was conducted for the following two purposes: 1) to create and test a process by which cultural information in English textbooks in Japan can be analyzed, and 2) to examine what and how much information about foreign culture is taught in English classes in Japan. First, a process was developed from Joiner's evaluation form to gauge the cultural content of EFL textbooks. Action was taken to ensure that the process included both qualitative and quantitative steps. Second, the process entailed an analysis of the cultural content of 10 senior high school English textbooks published in Japan. The process was found to be functional and the analysis revealed that the textbooks were inadequate for the purpose of raising students' cultural awareness. The results of this study may be utilized not only for the improvement of textbooks, but also for future studies which might examine junior high school and college English textbooks. / Education, Faculty of / Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of / Graduate

Syftet med studien är att åskådliggöra hur talfamiljer upp till 10 förekommer och gestaltas i läroboksuppgifter i årskurs 1, utifrån ett problemlösningsperspektiv. För att uppfylla syftet analyseras läroboksuppgifter med talfamiljer och delar av talfamiljer genom Cummins analysmodell där uppgifterna sorteras på fyra olika nivåer beroende av kontext och kognitiv svårighetsgrad efter att de kategoriserats. Resultatet blev både kvantitativt och kvalitativt där det framgick att läromedel tränar elever i talfamiljernas delar helt fristående. Ytterst få läromedel visade på talfamiljernas samband mellan talets helhet och delar. Den vanligaste läroboksuppgiften är en naken uppgift med addition eller subtraktion som räknas från vänster till höger helt utan stöd av kontext som bilder. Studien lyfter även tankar kring vad aktuell forskning säger kontra hur läroboksuppgifter är utformade och vad den enskilda läraren behöver tänka på när den ska göra sitt val av uppgifter till sina elever. / The purpose of this essay is to illustrate how fact families are present and form part of teaching materials in Swedish schools` year 1. This study focuses on how text book assignments teaches number sense, number ability and fact families up to 10, from a problem-solving perspective. To fulfill the purpose of the essay, textbook assignments with fact families and parts of fact families are analyzed using Cummins´ analysis model, where the framework is sorted into four distinct levels depending on context and cognitive difficulty after categorization. The result was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively and showed that teaching materials train students in the part of facts completely independently. Very few teaching materials showed the relationship between the fact family and the whole and parts of addition and subtraction. The most common textbook task is a bare task with addition or subtraction that counts from left to right without the support of context. The study also raises thoughts about what the research shows versus how school books assignments are designed and also what the individual teacher needs to think about when making his or her choice of text book tasks for students. / <p>9 juni 2017</p>

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-20T12:09:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TeseDoutoradoCE_HericaKarinaCavalcantideLima.pdf: 2396214 bytes, checksum: 5080727610b3a98fa3341b3249089111 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T12:09:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TeseDoutoradoCE_HericaKarinaCavalcantideLima.pdf: 2396214 bytes, checksum: 5080727610b3a98fa3341b3249089111 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / No Brasil, o livro didático representa, para muitos, o principal meio de acesso à cultura letrada por parte de professores e alunos. O uso desse material é comum na maioria das escolas brasileiras e pode estar estritamente relacionado com a formação do professor. Considerando, então, a importância atribuída a esse recurso e o lugar de destaque que ele tem alcançado nas pesquisas e estudos educacionais, realizamos esta investigação, de caráter qualitativo, com o objetivo de refletir sobre a formação inicial de professores, observando a relação entre essa formação e o uso do livro didático de português na sala de aula da educação básica. Nosso referencial teórico foi composto a partir de grandes temáticas: formação de professores, ensino de língua portuguesa, livro didático e currículo. De posse das leituras, investigamos dois cursos de licenciatura em Letras de instituições públicas de ensino superior da cidade de Recife (PE) e, conforme nossos propósitos, os dados foram recolhidos a partir de diferentes instrumentos: pesquisa documental, entrevista semiestruturada e observação. No primeiro caso, analisamos as matrizes curriculares dos cursos e os programas das disciplinas de formação para a docência (didáticas específicas, metodologias, práticas e estágios), buscando observar como se dava a organização dos cursos e qual o lugar reservado à discussão sobre o livro didático de português; no caso do segundo instrumento, realizamos entrevistas com docentes das disciplinas formadoras, de modo a identificar a concepção dos mesmos sobre a formação do professor de português, o papel das disciplinas de formação para a docência e o livro didático; quanto ao terceiro instrumento, observamos aulas desses docentes, com o objetivo de perceber como se davam as discussões sobre o livro didático de português e o seu uso. A análise dos dados, apoiada no caráter inferencial e interpretativo da Análise de Conteúdo, permitiu-nos perceber, em relação aos documentos, que os dois cursos atendem às determinações das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação de Professores da Educação Básica em Nível Superior no que diz respeito à duração, carga horária, oferta de componentes curriculares globais, específicos e integradores, indicação de Atividades Complementares e oferta de disciplinas que garantem espaço para a Prática como Componente Curricular (PCC). No que se refere às disciplinas ofertadas nos currículos das duas instituições, observamos que a maior parte delas remete aos conteúdos que serão ensinados na educação básica e que aquelas que se voltam à formação para a docência, em sua maioria, apresentam a discussão sobre o livro didático. No que se refere aos discursos dos docentes, observamos que eles esperam que ocorra na universidade, lócus privilegiado da formação do professor, a formação do profissional crítico e reflexivo, que não somente domine os conhecimentos teóricos, mas também saiba didatizá-los. Os docentes reconhecem ainda a importância das disciplinas de formação para a docência e da discussão sobre o livro didático na formação de um professor autônomo e autor das suas próprias práticas. No que concerne, por fim, às práticas, vimos que a discussão sobre livro didático ocorre nas disciplinas de formação para a docência na tentativa a abarcar os vários aspectos desse objeto multifacetado, mesmo que alguns pontos importantes dessa temática não tenham sido contemplados. Os achados deste estudo não esgotam o tema. Há ainda muito o que investigar no que se refere ao livro didático de português, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao seu uso. / Textbook, in Brazil, represents the main way of access to literate culture for many teachers and students. The use of this material is common in most of Brazilian schools and it can be strictly related to teacher’s formation. Considering, thus, the importance attributed to this resource and the emphasized place it takes on educational studies, we realize this investigation, in a qualitative perspective, with the aim of reflecting about teachers’ initial formation, observing the relation between this formation and the use of Portuguese textbooks in basic education classrooms. Our theoretic background was composed by wise themes: teacher formation, teaching of Portuguese, textbooks and curriculum. After readings, we investigated two Letters teaching courses which are public institutions of higher education system from Recife (PE) and, according to our purposes, data was collected through different instruments: documental research, semi-structured interview and observation. In the first case, we analyzed curricular matrices and the programs of subjects focused on teacher’s formation (specific didactics, methodologies, practices and trainings), aiming to observe how the courses are organized and what place is reserved for discussion about Portuguese textbook; on the case of second instrument, we interviewed professors who teach those subjects in order to identify their conception about Portuguese teachers’ formation , the role of those subjects to teaching and textbook; in relation to the third instrument, we observed classes taught by these professors aiming to understand how discussions about Portuguese textbook and its use happen. Data analyzes, based on inferential and interpretative features of Content Analyze, pointed out, in relation to documents, which both courses are according to what is determined by Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação de Professores da Educação Básica em Nível Superior (National Curricular Matrices for Basic Education Teachers’ Formation in Higher Education) in terms of length of time, hourly load, offering of global curricular components, specific and integrated ones, indication of Complementary Activities and subjects that secure space for Practice as Curricular Component (PCC). In relation to subjects presented in both curricula of the two intuitions, we observed that most of them contemplate contents which will be taught in basic education and most of them which focus on teaching formation present the discussion about textbook. In relation to professors’ discourse, we observed they hope to occur in university, privileged locus of teacher’s formation, the formation of critic and reflexive professionals that do not know only theoretic knowledge, but also the didactic process of its teaching. Professors recognized the importance of subjects for teachers’ formation and the discussion about textbooks in order to form a teacher who is autonomous and author of his own practices. In relation to professors’ practices, we notice that the discussion about textbook takes place on subjects for teachers’ formation in attempt to contemplate several aspects of this multifaceted object, even considering that some important points of this thematic were not contemplated. Findings of this study do not exhaust the theme. There is still much more to investigate in relation to Portuguese textbook, especially about its use.

Orientador: Ernesta Zamboni / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T15:28:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RibeiroJunior_HalferdCarlos_D.pdf: 7471546 bytes, checksum: e6083a77bb6ba646cb2a98f91e17490e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O tema principal da tese é a construção da identidade brasileira nos livros didáticos de História do Brasil de Joaquim Silva editados na dinâmica da reconstrução da Nação empreendida pela política do Estado Novo; o objetivo é analisar o modo em que ocorreu a construção dos nexos de sentidos sobre a identidade brasileira, segundo a interpretação histórica de Joaquim Silva em conformidade a Reforma Gustavo Capanema de 1942. O corpus documental é composto pela bibliografia sobre o tema, a legislação federal que regia o sistema de ensino secundário, documentos oficiais alocados nos arquivos CPDOC da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, da Companhia Editora Nacional, do Arquivo Nacional, e os livros didáticos de História do Brasil para o terceiro e o quarto ano do ensino ginasial de Joaquim Silva, publicados respectivamente em 1945 e 1946. Os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos que sustentam a nossa análise estão relacionados à construção de representações de identidade, a história social do currículo, o livro didático e identidades, e a análise do discurso. Concluímos que a interpretação histórica de Joaquim Silva tinha como pressuposto a manutenção do Estado democrático pautado em uma estrutura jurídica que propiciava a transformação da sociedade, com condições de governar para o desenvolvimento e progresso da Nação, e o brasileiro idealizado era o cidadão trabalhador, patriótico e cristão, que não se curvava diante das dificuldades, mas que lutava com resignação e sobriedade para vencer os obstáculos da vida / Abstract: The main theme of the thesis is the construction of Brazilian identity in the Joaquim Silva Brazil¿s history books edited in the dynamics of reconstruction of the nation undertaken by the "Estado Novo" policy; the objective is to analyze the way on which the construction of the connections of meanings on the Brazilian identity, according to the historical interpretation of Joaquim Silva in accordance Capanema Reform in1942. The documentary corpus consists of the literature, the federal law that governed the secondary education system, official documents allocated at the CPDOC files from Getúlio Vargas Foundation, the Companhia Editora Nacional, the National Archives, and Joaquim Silva history books from Brazil of the third and fourth year of junior high school published respectively in 1945 and 1946. the theoretical and methodological foundations underpinning our analysis are related to the construction of identity representations, the social history of the curriculum, the teaching and identities textbooks, and discourse analysis. We conclude that the historical interpretation of Joaquim Silva had presuppose the maintenance of the democratic state ruled by a legal framework that promoted the transformation of society, with conditions to govern for the development and the progress of the nation, and the idealized Brazilian was the worker citizen, patriotic and Christian, who would not bow down before the difficulties, but struggled with resignation and sobriety to overcome the obstacles of life / Doutorado / Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte / Doutor em Educação

Considering the need to improve the level of proficiency of air traffic controllers (ATCO) in the English language, in order to avoid incidents and accidents due to lack of proficiency, many language courses started offering English classes to those professionals. According to ICAO (2010), all ATCO must be approved in a specific proficiency exam, so that they can control international traffic. Nevertheless, the number of published textbooks in aviation English field is still low; therefore, choosing the most appropriate textbook becomes difficult due to the few options. The general objective of this paper is to contribute with researches in the field of textbook evaluation and Englisht learning and teaching. The specific objectives are: to set criteria in order to create a checklist to evaluate textbooks used in English language courses to air traffic controllers, based on criteria already found in the literature about textbook evaluation, adapting those criteria to what ICAO requirements and to the Proficiency Exam tasks; and to evaluate the book Aviation English using the checklist. The checklist criteria were created in the light of the Document 9835 (ICAO 2010), as well as in the light of the theories of language, Widdowson (1978), and others; the theory of English as a lingua franca of aviation, Oliveira E. (2007), Hülmbauer et al (2008), and others; the principles of language teaching and learning, Larsen-Freeman (2000), Brown (2007), and others; the tenets of English for Specific Purposes, Hutchinson and Waters (1987), Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998), and others; and the conception of materials development, Cunninsworth (1995), Tomlinson (1998; 2003), Mc Grath (2002), Dias (2007), and others. The checklist has as main categories the theoretical principles (language role and language teaching and learning), graphical features, lexical, grammatical and functional competences described in the Document 9835, support materials and English proficiency test preparation and it was subdivided into 117 items. The material evaluated by the means of the checklist fulfilled 71,8% of the checklist items in a positive way; on the other hand, 20,5% of the items were not identified in the material, and 7,7% of the items were partially identified in the textbook. Using the checklist to evaluate materials will enable professionals engaged in English teaching to air traffic controllers to choose the most appropriate textbook according to their audience, as well as to identify gaps in the book, in order to adapt the material, since there is no such thing as perfect material. / Considerando a necessidade de aumentar o nível de proficiência em língua inglesa de controladores de tráfego aéreo (ATCO), a fim de prevenir incidentes e acidentes, cujas causas também estejam relacionadas à falta de proficiência na língua, vários cursos de idiomas começaram a oferecer aulas de inglês para esses profissionais. Segundo OACI (2010), os ATCO devem ser aprovados em exame de proficiência específico, para operarem em órgãos que controlam o tráfego aéreo internacional. No entanto, o número de livros didáticos (LD) de inglês aeronáutico continua modesto e, com isso, a escolha do mais adequado torna-se difícil, devido às poucas opções. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é contribuir com pesquisas na área de avaliação de material didático e de ensino-aprendizagem de inglês. Os objetivos específicos são: estabelecer critérios para a elaboração de uma checklist para avaliação de livro didático utilizado na formação de língua inglesa de ATCO, a partir de critérios existentes na literatura sobre avaliação de LD, adequando-os aos requisitos estabelecidos pela OACI (Organização de Aviação Civil Internacional) e às atividades aplicadas no Exame de Proficiência a que são submetidos os controladores de tráfego aéreo no Brasil; e aplicar a checklist elaborada na avaliação do livro didático Aviation English. A Checklist ATCO será elaborada à luz do Documento 9835, de OACI (2010); das teorias de linguagem Widdowson (1978) e outros; da língua inglesa como língua franca da aviação, de Oliveira E. (2007), Hülmbauer et al (2008) e outros; dos princípios de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, de Larsen-Freeman (2000), Brown (2007) e outros; do ensino de inglês para propósito específico, de Hutchinson e Waters (1987), Dudley-Evans e St. John (1998) e outros; e de avaliação de livro didático, de Cunningsworth (1995), Tomlinson (1998; 2003), Mc Grath (2002), Dias (2007) e outros. A checklist tem como principais indicadores os princípios norteadores (linguagem e princípios de ensino-aprendizagem), os aspectos gráficos, as competências lexicais, gramaticais e funcionais descritas no Documento 9835, os materiais de apoio e a familiarização com as atividades aplicadas no exame de proficiência aplicado no Brasil, totalizando 117 itens. A partir da aplicação da Checklist ATCO na avaliação do material, foi possível verificar que 71,8% dos itens estão presentes no livro avaliado; 20,5% não estão presentes no material; e 7,7% estão parcialmente presentes. A avaliação de LD utilizando a checklist proposta facilita a identificação de lacunas e fornece informações ao professor que avalia, a fim de que ele planeje as adaptações de atividades, já que o material perfeito será difícil de encontrar.

Submitted by Jakeline Ortega (jakortega@unoeste.br) on 2017-07-07T17:54:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Alice Rosa de Sena Ferrari.pdf: 2212433 bytes, checksum: 3991db33d7cab0ba5c6e7c63b6c42e45 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T17:54:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Alice Rosa de Sena Ferrari.pdf: 2212433 bytes, checksum: 3991db33d7cab0ba5c6e7c63b6c42e45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09 / This dissertation has as its main purpose the study of Africa and Africans as addressed in notions and concepts presented in the Guide of Textbooks and History collections for the 4th year of Elementary School, which were approved by the National Textbook Program (known as PNLD) 2016. It is inserted in the current discussions about how the Directives of the Law no.10,639/03 are expressed in textbooks analyzed in the PNLD. The overall goal, therefore, is to understand how are presented both Africa and Africans in the notions and contents published in textbooks aimed for the teaching of History. As specific objectives, it was defined: a) to identify "how" the approach of the African History is proposed in the PNLD's textbooks - History - 2016 and what is its conformity with the guidelines contained in the Directives of the Law no.10,639 / 03; b) to verify how Africa and Africans are represented in the contents (written texts and images) and historical notions existing in textbooks and their respective reports, as pointed out in the PNLD Guide - History 2016; c) to verify the convergences between the records selected for analysis in the textbooks and the studies about Africa and Africans, existing in thematic studies and, d) to recognize the elements that operate in the production of textbooks and which result in a given elaboration form. The research is identified by a qualitative nature, (GAMBOA, 2003), with a bibliographic and documentary base, being theoretically based on cultural and sociological studies that allow to investigate the relations of power implied in the practices of differentiation and identification of subjects through the curriculum, school organization and educational policies. The organization and sequence of the analysis procedures of the various textual and imagery registers under study, are guided by the floating reading in search of thematic and conceptual elements, such as proposed by Minayo (2004). As major results, we highlight that, although the continuities regarding the teaching of history traditionally taught are maintained, are observed attempts of change in order to adjust to Law no. 10,623/03 and to PNLD criteria. The criticisms we raise do not have the purpose of discarding the textbook, instead, the idea is to make notes so that this material, considered by us as one of the main resources for teaching and learning of History in educational institutions, to be problematized and questioned. / Esta dissertação tem como objeto o estudo da África e dos africanos conforme apresentados nas noções e conteúdos veiculados no Guia de Livros Didáticos e em coleções de História para o 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental, as quais foram aprovadas pelo PNLD 2016. Insere-se nas discussões atuais sobre os modos como as Diretrizes da Lei nº10. 639/03 estão expressas em livros didáticos analisados no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático-PNLD. O objetivo geral, portanto, é compreender como a África e os africanos são apresentados nas noções e conteúdos veiculados nos livros didáticos para o ensino de História. Como objetivos específicos, foram definidos: a) identificar “como” a abordagem da História da África é proposta nos livros didáticos do PNLD – História- 2016 e qual é a sua conformidade com as orientações constantes das diretrizes da Lei nº. 10.639/03; b) verificar como a África e os africanos estão representados nos conteúdos (textos escritos e imagens) e noções históricas presentes nos livros didáticos e seus respectivos pareceres, conforme apontados no Guia do PNLD –História 2016; c) verificar as convergências entre os registros selecionados para análise nos livros didáticos e os estudos sobre a África e os africanos presentes em estudos no tema e d) reconhecer os elementos que operam na produção dos livros didáticos e que resultam em uma dada forma de sua elaboração. A pesquisa identifica-se por uma natureza qualitativa segundo Gamboa (2003), com base bibliográfica e documental, fundamentando-se teoricamente em estudos culturais e sociológicos que proporcionam investigar as relações de poder implicadas nas práticas de diferenciação e identificação dos sujeitos, através do currículo, da organização da escola e das políticas educacionais. A organização e sequência dos procedimentos de análise dos diversos registros textuais e imagéticos em estudo, pauta-se pela leitura flutuante em busca de elementos temáticos e conceituais, tais como propostos por Minayo (2004). Como principais resultados ressaltamos que, embora se mantenham continuidades no tratamento do ensino da história tradicionalmente ensinada, observam-se tentativas de mudanças para adequação à Lei nº 10.623/03 e aos critérios do PNLD. As críticas que levantamos não tem o objetivo de descartar o livro didático, ao contrário, a ideia é fazer apontamentos para que esse material, considerado por nós como um dos principais recursos para o ensino-aprendizagem de História nas instituições escolares, seja problematizado e questionado.

Hur använder lärare matematikboken i dagens undervisning? Dominerar boken undervisningen eller fungerar den som ett redskap, en så kallad artefakt? Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka matematikbokens vikt i dagens undervisning i årskurs tre, genom en kvalitativ metod. Studiens två forskningsfrågorundersökgenom observationer och semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre olika respondenter och tre olika skolor. Datainsamlingen analyseras med fenomenografisk forskningsansats skolinspektionens analysschema. Samtliga lärare som medverkade i studien hävdar att matematikboken är grundläggande i undervisningen samt att matematikboken används till åttio procent i undervisningen. Lärarna belyser att tiden är knapp och matematikboken underlättar tidsmässigt. Resultaten som framkom i studien är att matematikboken dominerar undervisningen. Elever arbetar i stora drag enskilt i matematikboken eller med material som är framtaget från matematikboken under lektionerna. Slutsatsen i denna studie är att det inte råder någon större individualisering eller socialt samspel i klassrummen på grund av den stora del enskilda arbete, lärare använder till största del material från matematikboken eller matematikboken. Slutligen visar både observationer och intervjuer att matematikboken dominerar undervisningen tidsmässigt. Stora undersökningar som TIMSS och PISA visar att nordiska länder använder matematikboken mer än övriga länder, samt ett nedåtgående resultat i matematik för Sverige. I denna studie undersöks matematikbokens vikt i dagens undervisning. / How do teachers use the mathematic textbook in teaching today? Is the mathematic textbook dominant in teaching or is it used as a tool, a so-called artefact? The purpose is to examine the importance of mathematical textbook in today´s teaching in grade three, through a qualitative method. The study two research questions are examined by observations and semi-structured interviews with three different respondents and schools. The data collection is analyzed with phenomenografic research approach. All teachers that participated in the study claim that the mathematic textbook is fundamental in the teaching and that the textbook is used to eighty percent in teaching. The teachers assert that there is very little time and that the mathematic textbook facilitates time. The results that emerged from the study are that the mathematic book dominates the teaching. Pupils generally work individually in the mathematics book or with material that is proceed from the mathematic book during the lessons. The conclusion in this study is that there is no major individualization or social interaction in the classroom because of the large proportion of individual work, teachers mostly use materials from the mathematics book or the mathematic book. Finally, both observations and interviews show that the mathematical book dominates teaching in time. Large studies such as TIMSS and PISA shows that Nordic countries use the mathematics book more than other countries, and a falling result in mathematics in Sweden.  The importance of mathematical textbook in teaching is examined in this study.

The past few decades have seen a surge in awareness of issues related to both gender and sexual identity, which has shaped our understanding and use of these terms. However, there is a lag between awareness and practical changes, which can also be seen within education; teaching materials and practices change slowly, and the social and linguistic changes that are currently taking place are only partially visible in education. In the present study, gender and sexuality are approached from two perspectives: by analysing two EFL textbooks for upper secondary school and examining inclusive language use and representation of non-heteronormative identities, as well as by identifying attitudes and ideas expressed in interviews with three EFL teachers. The results show that LGBTQ+ representation is still scarce in these two textbooks; even though heterosexuality is not overtly reinforced in lexical choices, non-heteronormative relationships are not included. In addition, gender is still mostly portrayed as a binary, and gender issues are largely linked to male-female equality. In terms of the interviews, a general finding is that the participants are all aware of the importance of including and giving a voice to different gender and sexual identities when planning their teaching. However, deeply rooted traditions and the gender binary still play a role in how LGBTQ+ topics are perceived and addressed. Overall, it appears that teachers display more awareness and active inclusion of non-binary and non-heteronormative identities than what can be found in the textbooks.