Japan and Korean¡¦s TFT-LCD industries consider the competitiveness of the cost. So their proportion of local equipment setting is more popular than Taiwan.Instead, Taiwan¡¦s equipment industries development priority need to increase the number of productions by new equipment and shorten the lead time and achieve the high quality of productions. However, TFT-LCD factories can save the cost of investment and raise the investment efficiency of operating cost to improve the ROI (Return On Investment). This thesis compares and analyzes the competitiveness of the industry in TFT-LCD equipment among Taiwan, Japan and Korea. In the Porter¡¦s (1990) book ¡§The ompetitive Advantage of Nations¡¨ that mentioned about the ¡§Diamond Structure¡¨. So, we have to nalyzeand realize totally at the industry of the equipment¡¦s inside factor with six aspects ¡§ Demand Conditions¡¨, ¡§Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry¡¨, ¡§Factor Conditions¡¨ and ¡§Related and Supporting Industries¡¨ and the other outside factors ¡§Government¡¨ and ¡§Opportunity¡¨. The research of this paper shows that how the equipment industries of Taiwan use their own resources and competition advantages to compete with Japan country which quite maturity in TFT-LCD equipments. And Korea country with strong support by their government, for this reason, they can earn their own stage and further surpasses the others among the intense of competition industries. Therefore, widely collecting research paper, industry's news, specialized periodical and interviewing the important grades of personages of related industrial by the questionnaire, with that results. Then we can understand Korea and Japan¡¦s TFT-LCD equipment industry's mpetitiveness deeply. At the end, we can put forward the conclusion and suggestions by these studies and we can take it for our references on industry's development strategy of the equipment and afford the suggestion of consulting to our government's policy for Taiwan.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-09-12T14:09:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) MSc_Antonio Carlos de Castro da Silva_digital_12_04_16.pdf: 2938596 bytes, checksum: 9d5e96b489990fe36c4e1ad5a23148dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T14:09:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) MSc_Antonio Carlos de Castro da Silva_digital_12_04_16.pdf: 2938596 bytes, checksum: 9d5e96b489990fe36c4e1ad5a23148dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-15 / A detecção prematura de defeitos nos componentes de linhas de montagem de fabricação é determinante para a obtenção de produtos finais de boa qualidade. Partindo desse pressuposto, o presente trabalho apresenta uma plataforma desenvolvida para detecção automática dos defeitos de fabricação em painéis TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Cristal Displays) através da realização de inspeção de imagem. A plataforma desenvolvida é baseada em câmeras, sendo o painel inspecionado posicionado em uma câmara fechada para não sofrer interferência da luminosidade do ambiente. As etapas da inspeção consistem em aquisição das imagens pelas câmeras, definição da região de interesse (detecção do quadro), extração das características, análise das imagens, classificação dos defeitos e tomada de decisão de aprovação ou rejeição do painel. A extração das características das imagens é realizada tomando tanto o padrão RGB como imagens em escala de cinza. Para cada componente RGB a intensidade de pixels é analisada e a variância é calculada, se um painel apresentar variação de 5% em relação aos valores de referência, o painel é rejeitado. A classificação é realizada por meio do algorítimo de Naive Bayes. Os resultados obtidos mostram um índice de 94,23% de acurácia na detecção dos defeitos. Está sendo estudada a incorporação da plataforma aqui descrita à linha de produção em massa da Samsung em Manaus. / The early detection of defects in the parts used in manufacturing assembly lines is crucial for assuring the good quality of the final product. Thus, this paper presents a platform developed for automatically detecting manufacturing defects in TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Cristal Displays) panels by image inspection. The developed platform is based on câmeras. The panel under inspection is positioned in a closed chamber to avoid interference from light sources from the environment. The inspection steps encompass image acquisition by the cameras, setting the region of interest (frame detection), feature extraction, image analysis, classification of defects, and decision making. The extraction of the features of the acquired images is performed using both the standard RGB and grayscale images. For each component the intensity of RGB pixels is analyzed and the variance is calculated. A panel is rejected if the value variation of the measure obtained is 5% of the reference values. The classification is performed using the Naive Bayes algorithm. The results obtained show an accuracy rate of 94.23% in defect detection. Samsung (Manaus) is considering the possibility of incorporating the platform described here to its mass production line.

目前管理文獻對於智慧資源規劃的探討仍著重在概念及方法的釐清和探索，因此本研究欲以智慧資源規劃觀點，進行TFT-LCD產業的實證研究，以冀能對政府產業政策與產業經營者提供具體的產業智慧資源規劃策略，促進TFT-LCD產業的良性發展。 在研究方法上，本研究先探討智慧資源規劃策略，並分析智慧資源規劃之產業策略效益，進而提供產業政策與企業決策參考。其次界定智慧資源規劃的重要因素，建立智慧資源規劃之重要構面，以建立與實施智慧資源規劃策略。最後選擇TFT-LCD產業作為實證研究，提供智慧資源規劃之理論和實務連結的參考。 □□在研究結果上，台灣產業應積極建構上游設備、原物料和關鍵零組件的供應鏈，並需建立緊密的品牌及通路的聯盟關係。因應TFT-LCD產業必須面對的智慧財產權成本與風險，智慧財產權之佈署和經營，也必須連結到產業結構、供應鏈和價值鏈之上中下游關係。在產業政策上，政府應積極提高上游零組件自製比率與發展設備產業，對於西進大陸議題，政府的產業政策似應採取更積極開放的管理措施。同時政府應協助企業建立智慧財產交易和管理相關的技術資料庫與市場資料庫，並積極培育進行國際智慧財產侵權訴訟的專業法律與管理人才，才能提升台灣TFT-LCD產業的國際競爭力， □□b後續的研究中，可進行台灣、韓國、日本及大陸的跨國研究和產業政策分析，而跨時間及地域的產業實證研究，將可對TFT-LCD產業有深入的觀察與分析。至於各企業的專利佈局與專利訴訟策略，需進行產品結構與技術結構和專利訴訟策略與專利策略聯盟的深入分析 / This thesis would like to initiate TFT LCD industry empirical research from the point of intellectual resource planning to provide solid industry intellectual resource planning strategy for industry policy and enterprise decision maker. As to the research result, Taiwan TFT LCD industry shall establish the supply chain of equipment, raw material and key component and organize close alliance of brand and channel. Responding to TFT industry high intellectual property cost and risk, the management and arrangement of intellectual property shall be linked to upstream and down stream of industry structure、supply chain and value chain. As to industry policy, the government shall aggressively enhance the self-manufacturing rate of key component and develop equipment industry. Dealing with China investment policy, the government shall adopt more aggressive management attitude and help enterprise to build up the market and technology database of intellectual property transaction and management. Besides, the government shall assist enterprise to train professional law and management of international intellectual property dispute to enhance international competitiveness of Taiwan TFT LCD industry. In the following research, may initiate transnational research and industry analysis of Taiwan, Mainland China, Japan and Korea and it would be helpful to deeply analyze the development of TFT LCD industry. As to the patent arrangement and patent lawsuit strategy of respective major companies, it is necessary to analyze product, technology structure, patent alliance and patent lawsuit strategy.

China has become both South Korea’s largest trading partner and one of the largest destinations for foreign direct investment (FDI). The display industry, which is one of the major export industries for Korea and extremely important for the Korean economy, has a particularly high level of dependence on China – the industry’s largest market. The Korean LCD panel industry has grown into a global leader and major industry of the Korean economy over the past ten years through its preemptive, aggressive investment and its development of innovative products. This was helped by the diverse strategies for aggressive investment in China that were implemented since the early 2000s as the companies faced unlimited competition in the global era. However, the rise of the Chinese LCD industry, which was spurred by the rapid growth of the domestic market and government support policies in the mid-2000s, has impacted the investment strategies of the Korean LCD panel industry in China. This research focuses on an analysis of the investment strategies of Korean TFT-LCD panel industry businesses’ investments in China in terms of their corporate and business strategies. It also assesses the status of the LCD industry and market, reviews the Korean LCD panel industry’s development, and analyzes its competitive strategy using Porter’s five forces model, industry life cycle, and the value chain. Based on the findings and the forecast for the Korean LCD panel industry, it then concludes by providing suggestions for the major industry players and the Korean government.

液晶面板是跨世紀的新發明，這個產業更是百年產業，隨著技術的演進與產業的更替，這個產業最重要且關鍵殺手級的應用－平面電視機，終於在近些年逐漸引爆且蓬勃發展。本研究應用經濟學寡佔模型中的部分理論，分別就大尺寸電視液晶面板產業的競爭與合作關係依價格與產能兩大關鍵因素進行探討，並運用相關賽局理論探討各競爭廠商的策略思維，以期能對未來產業的競爭或相關類似產業架構的產業提供些許建議。 / The industry of TFT-LCD draws much attention for decades because of the world class business opportunities. The most important killer application, FPD（Flat-Panel Display）,starts booming these recent years. This study tries to apply some economy theories such as Oligopoly, Cournot Model and Bertrand Model to analyze the competition between prices and quantities. And we also analyzed the interaction of competition from the view of Game Theory and so on.

TFT LCD產業已成為台灣繼半導體產業後第二個非常重要的科技產業，從世代廠的競賽到各種新技術的突破，台灣的面板廠不斷成為國際間科技新聞的焦點。在激烈的競爭環境下，各面板廠無不努力進行垂直整合以提升其競爭優勢，故龐大的供應鏈群落在台灣的西半部形成。除了大尺寸的面板競爭激烈外，小尺寸面板需求也由於一線手機大廠逐漸釋放OEM與ODM訂單而快速的提昇，其競爭也逐漸白熱化。 惟手機市場變動非常劇烈，長期佔據世界第二的Motorola市場佔有率由2006年的21%急降到13.9%，Samsung取而代之，Nokia則持續的拉大與第二名的距離。而大陸白牌手機市場在2007年急劇成長，但在2008年Q2以後，因官方的政策打壓造成市場快速的萎縮，形成許多供應商產能嚴重閒置與高額物料庫存。 企業如何在此劇烈變動的產業環境下維持其競爭優勢？企業的垂直整合程度高低與動態能力的關連性為何？為本研究所探討與解析的議題。本研究希望藉由五力分析架構來瞭解台灣小尺寸面板產業的現況，並藉由動態能力的各項指標來檢視台灣垂直整合強弱不同的企業，觀察其動態能力與垂直整合程度的關連性，並供業界策略運用上的參考。

Taiwan and Korean are in fierce competition in the LCD panel industry and together dominate over 70% of the international market share. Business strategies in Taiwan rely on Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) whereas Korea focuses principally on vertical integration, including development of its own international brand architecture. Taiwan is one of the world’s largest providers of LCD panel. In 1998, Taiwan accounted for only 1% of market share worldwide, but by 2002 its market share was over 30%. This study examines the causes behind Taiwanese LCD makers, CMI, AUO, growth and analysis their competitors (Korean makers). TFT-LCD manufactures’ strategies and activities help to develop a greater understanding. With respects to the Taiwanese LCD industry, many previous studies have concluded that the Taiwanese government played a major role in the initial stages of development. - Government support, Tax incentive - LCD manufacturer’s activities on marketing and cost effectiveness With regard to recent business movement between LCD manufacturers, strategic alliance is to be a popular way to enhance their competitiveness. But common alliance among same business fields is not good enough to be a market leader. Based on supply chain analysis and case study, intimate cooperation with other business field is proved as more powerful competitive strategic alliance. This new alliance will lead more efficient development lead time and productivity.

Based on the analysis of value chain and value system, this research investigated the multi-tiered supply chain industry, which are four processes to be followed. First, the research analyzed the value chains and value system in one industry to find out the critical value activities. Second, this research probed into the supply chain integration strategy to plan the future business strategies, which were divided into the upward and downward integration strategies. Third, the interaction of the enterprises in the industry supply chain was investigated by the process analysis approach to draw up the appropriate supply chain processes. Finally, after the strategy analysis of the supply chain, simulation tools were utilized to simulate the real situations in the multi-tiered industry, which could be one basis of solving the suffering problems.

Bullwhip effect is the situation that the order information distortion resulted from time delay and expectation of the demand. Through the order information distortion, the inventory of upstream suppliers raised and fluctuated, thus the operation cost of suppliers increased. Although the down stream customer seems to exempts from such disaster, but the cost increase in the upstream supplier will cause the raising of the purchasing cost of those downstream customers. The raising cost and inefficiency will be the burden of whole supply chain and not single party can exempts such result. Supply chain collaboration is aimed to solve such problems. This study explode the operations of supply chain collaboration from a integration perspective to understand the value of collaborative forecasting for the supply chain operations. Taiwan TFT-LCD industry will be the platform of this study, base on the platform, system dynamics models will be build up and simulated to analyze the effectiveness of collaborative forecasting model under different demand patterns. The result of this study can be the reference when adopting collaboration in Taiwan TFT-LCD industry.

Abstract This dissertation explores the strategy of entering a high ¡Vbarrier industry for a conventional resin company. By analyzing the competitive advantage of nations in LCD industry, followed by comparisons made based on Resources Based View among the leading LCD chemical companies and the emerging Korea chemical firms in this industry ,the author analyzed the key successful factors of these firms and assemblied a set of strategies for the local players. The results leads to conclusions as follows: 1. The Taiwan LCD industry will have limited future ,without local LCD chemical companies. 2. The key successful factors of first movers are intensive R&D activities, aggressive participation in customers¡¦new projects, strategically alliance with important customers, and products portfolio being based on core technology of polymers, colorants or microlithography and also with organizational capabilities and long histories in chemical industry. 3.The Korean late-commers have similar KSFs with their Japanese competitors ,except that they focus their resources on fewer products portofolio and are more aggressive for faster response to customers¡¦ needs by adopting the culture of electronic industry¡¦s fast tempo. This dissertation is a case study on the competitive advantages of sampled chemical firms. By collection of related papers and reports and talks with experts in the field ,the key successful factors of the foreign competitors are summarized and the counter strategies for the local player are thus formulated. A business plan was proposed to prove the feasibility of the strategies. Key words: TFT LCD,follower¡¦s strategy,first-mover advantage, aggromeration economy,resource based view.