The diploma thesis deals with the reconstruction of the intersection of streets Merhautova and Provazníkova in Brno in means of to establish a comfortable transit hub between all passing lines. The reconstruction of the intersection includes a proposal for new tram stops and adjustment of pedestrian routes allowing easy transfer between cruise lines, trolley buses and trams.

This Master’s thesis deals with the computational modeling of complex natural frequencies of the tram wheels during cornering. The aim of this work is to determine eigenvalues, perform analysis of the influence of different parameters on eigenvalues and perform harmonic response analysis in order to find surface velocities that can be used in future noise emission analysis.

The subject of this Diploma Thesis is to develop different alternatives of the road and tram bridge. It is a river bridge with the length of 52,5 m. There are compared two proposals, while in the first proposal it is an arch bridge with the tension bars. The second proposal which is also finalized as the winning proposal is the truss structure. Both proposals have composite deck. The structure is designed from steel S355 and concrete C35/45. The load bearing structure is designed in accordance with applicable technical standards.

Bus and other road-bound services like tram and light railway are the backbone of the German local public transport sector. Based on the characterization of high deficits and fragmentation, five main research questions and hypotheses are investigated in this dissertation. First, advanced Stochastic Frontier models which account for unobserved heterogeneity and heterogeneous output variables are used to study cost efficiency and its determinants such as the vehicle utilization rate. Second, economies of scale and scope are evaluated. Third, based on the finding of substantial economies of scale, potential gains from hypothetical mergers are calculated using Data Envelopment Analysis. Fourth, I focus on competitive tendering, another option to increase efficiency in this sector. Analyzing operator changes, I find in majority regional bus services tendered out and structural conditions significantly increasing the probability for operator changes, like tendering in bigger volumes. Fifth, internal and external cost advantages for express coach services as a diversification option for public transport are confirmed. In conclusion, the results of my research are relevant to the strategic decision process of firm management as well as regulators.

Pendant les deux dernières décennies, les technologies de réseaux ad-hoc de véhicules (VANETs : Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks) ont été développées sous l’impulsion du monde de la recherche comme de l’industrie, étant donnés les liens des VANETs avec la sécurité routière, l’internet des objets (IoT/WoT : Internet of Things/Web of Things) pour les systèmes de transport intelligents (ITS : Intelligent Transportation Systems), les villes intelligentes et les villes vertes. Composant essentiel des VANETs, les protocoles de communication inter-véhicules (IVC : Inter-Vehicle Communication) font face à des défis techniques, en particulier à cause de la diversité des applications dans lesquelles ils sont impliqués. Dans cette thèse, après une présentation des VANETs et de l’état de l’art des IVC, nous proposons un protocole de dissémination de données, TrAD, conçu pour diffuser de manière efficiente des messages d’une source vers les véhicules présents dans la zone d’intérêt (ROI : Range of Interest). TrAD se base sur les états du trafic routier et du trafic réseau pour adapter localement la stratégie et les paramètres de transmission des données afin d’optimiser les performances des applications qui l’utilisent. De plus, un algorithme de classification des clusters locaux de véhicules est conçu pour permettre l’usage de TrAD sur autoroute aussi bien qu’en ville. Pour éviter l’encombrement des canaux de communication, un mécanisme illustratif de contrôle de la congestion reposant sur une approche distribuée est utilisé. Trois protocoles IVC de l’état de l’art ont été comparés à TrAD dans des scénarios réalistes de simulation, basés sur différentes villes réelles, différents trajets et densités véhiculaires. Les performances de TrAD surpassent celles des protocoles de référence en termes de taux de délivrance des paquets (PDR : Packet Delivery Ratio), nombre de transmissions et latence. De plus, nous montrons que TrAD est tolérant, dans une certaine mesure, aux erreurs sur les données GPS. Pour s’assurer de la qualité des simulations, nous avons étudié le modèle de déplacement employé dans le simulateur de trafic, puis couplé ce dernier au simulateur de réseau, afin que les deux s’échangent des informations en temps-réel. Grâce à la compréhension acquise lors de l’analyse du modèle de déplacement, nous avons pu développer un simulateur de conduite de tramway pour la T2C (Transports en Commun de l’agglomération Clermontoise). Des tests menés sur le matériel roulant nous ont permis d’élaborer des modèles de déplacement fidèles correspondants aux diverses situations rencontrées par le tramway. L’affichage de la simulation est assuré par un flux vidéo ajusté plutôt que des images de synthèse, ce qui permet de limiter le coût de développement tout en garantissant un certain réalisme dans l’affichage. Ce projet est soutenu par la T2C pour une durée de deux ans. / In the last two decades, Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANETs) were developed significantly by both academic institute and industries association, since VANETs originate from traffic safety and are also an important application of Internet of Things / Web of Things (IoT/WoT) for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), Intelligent Vehicles and Smart Cities. As an essential component of VANETs, Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) protocols face many critical challenges, in particular, because they relate to various specific applications. In this thesis, after elaborating on related knowledge of VANETs and state-of-the-art of IVC protocols, we propose a data dissemination protocol for vehicular networking, named TrAD, to disseminate efficiently warning messages from a source to vehicles in a range of interest (ROI). TrAD considers the status of road traffic and network traffic to adapt locally the strategy and the parameters of transmissions in order to optimize the global performance of IVC application. Moreover, a local vehicular cluster classification algorithm is designed to support TrAD to be performed in both highway and urban scenarios. In addition, an illustrative congestion control mechanism is used to avoid channel congestion using a distributed approach. Three state-of-the-art IVC protocols have been compared with TrAD by means of realistic simulations. The performance of all those protocols is evaluated quantitatively in various scenarios by taking into account different real road maps, trafic routes and vehicular densities. Compared with the reference protocols, TrAD gains an outstanding overall performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, number of transmissions and delay. Furthermore, TrAD also can tolerate a reasonable degree of GPS drift while achieving efficient data dissemination. In order to ensure the quality of simulations, we deeply investigated the mobility model of road traffic simulator, and then performed the bidirectionally coupled simulation in which the network simulator and the road trafic simulator can exchange information in real-time. Upon understanding of the mobility model, we obtained a chance to develop a low-cost tram simulator for the local public transportation provider, the T2C (Transports en Commun de l’agglomération Clermontoise). We attempt to design accurate mobility models from different scenarios for the specific type of tram used by T2C. Real world trials are carried out to explore the key parameters required by theoretical deduction for our mobility model. Moreover, the display GUI relies on a video stream, rather than 3D graphics, which can reduce the cost while guaranteeing the quality of service. This project was supported for two years by T2C.

The changing nature of work and its competitive characteristics are global phenomena and are mainly fuelled by ongoing technological advancement. This creates unique challenges for talent attraction and the retention of high performing individuals. In addition, the global workforce is becoming more diverse due to demographic, societal and cultural changes and companies are placing greater demands on employee competency and performance. Managing the human factor as a strategic asset in organisations remains a primary challenge in securing a competitive advantage. The road construction industry in South Africa is no different. There is growing competition between civil engineering contractors to secure tenders and to maximise profitability. This is only possible with a sufficient and sustainable labour force. Valid selection processes are therefore required to ensure that the most productive individuals are selected for the most suitable jobs. Reliable and valid performance predictors will assist employers in making appropriate selection decisions. Selecting high performing individuals will support and enhance overall organisational performance. ix In this study the investigation focused on whether psychomotor ability and learning potential are statistically significant predictors of work performance - with specific reference to drivers and machine operators in a road construction company. A quantitative approach was followed to investigate the relationships between variables, or then the prediction of one dependent variable (driver and machine operator performance) by means of two independent variables (psychomotor ability and learning potential). Results from the study did not indicate any statistically significant relationships between the variables. Only scientifically validated assessment instruments were used in the study - which means the findings led to a renewed focus on the importance of performance measurement and the psychometric quality (reliability and validity) of performance data. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

When a new transport service is introduced, people have to learn and familiarize themselves with the new service before they decide to adopt it. These processes are developed over time, thus produce dynamics in individuals’ behavioural responses towards the service. This affects the demand of the new service, thus affect revenues. Available studies have examined the factors influencing these responses from microeconomic perspectives. The influence of the theory-based subjective factors has not been examined empirically. Understanding these would assist transport and urban planners to design a better marketing strategy to increase the market share of the new service. A change in seasons affect individuals’ activity-travel decisions, thus produce dynamics in activitytravel patterns in different seasons. Individuals’ constraints, in a form of mandatory activities (working/studying), are influencing individuals’ decisions to participate in day-to-day nonmandatory activities (leisure and routine activities). The interdependency between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice that considers interactions between mandatory and non-mandatory activities, in different seasons is less explored. Understanding these would assist transport planners and operators to manage travel demand strategies across different seasons of the year and provide better transportation systems for all individuals. This thesis includes five papers. Paper I explores individuals’ characteristics of the quick-response and the adopters of the new public transport (PT) service and examines the temporal effects. Paper II investigates the subjective factors influencing a quick-response to the new PT service by proposing a modified attitude-behaviour framework. Paper III and IV analyse the effects of seasonal variations and individuals’ constraints on their day-to-day activity-travel decisions and patterns. Paper V analyses the attrition and fatigue in the two-week travel diary panel survey instrument. / <p>QC 20170323</p>

Nous présentant ici la réalisation d'une méthode d'aide à la décision pour l'implantation d'un système de tram-train. L'approche proposée repose sur l'utilisation couplée des Systèmes d'Information Géographique (SIG) et des Analyses Multi-critères (AMC). Elle cherche à déterminer, à travers l'identification de facteurs et de contraintes, des zones pouvant recevoir un système de tram-train (voie, ligne, arrêts, pôles d'échanges...) sur un territoire donné et la pertinence de ce dispositif.<br />L'application de la méthode sur la ville de Grenoble et la zone périurbaine de la moyenne vallée du Grésivaudan sert de test de validation.

The changing nature of work and its competitive characteristics are global phenomena and are mainly fuelled by ongoing technological advancement. This creates unique challenges for talent attraction and the retention of high performing individuals. In addition, the global workforce is becoming more diverse due to demographic, societal and cultural changes and companies are placing greater demands on employee competency and performance. Managing the human factor as a strategic asset in organisations remains a primary challenge in securing a competitive advantage. The road construction industry in South Africa is no different. There is growing competition between civil engineering contractors to secure tenders and to maximise profitability. This is only possible with a sufficient and sustainable labour force. Valid selection processes are therefore required to ensure that the most productive individuals are selected for the most suitable jobs. Reliable and valid performance predictors will assist employers in making appropriate selection decisions. Selecting high performing individuals will support and enhance overall organisational performance. ix In this study the investigation focused on whether psychomotor ability and learning potential are statistically significant predictors of work performance - with specific reference to drivers and machine operators in a road construction company. A quantitative approach was followed to investigate the relationships between variables, or then the prediction of one dependent variable (driver and machine operator performance) by means of two independent variables (psychomotor ability and learning potential). Results from the study did not indicate any statistically significant relationships between the variables. Only scientifically validated assessment instruments were used in the study - which means the findings led to a renewed focus on the importance of performance measurement and the psychometric quality (reliability and validity) of performance data. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

SAMPAIO, Jorge Henrique Maia. Para não perder o bonde: Fortaleza e o transporte da light nos anos 1913-1947. 2010. 140 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social, Fortaleza-ce, 2010. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-06-27T12:38:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JHMSampaio.pdf: 1601896 bytes, checksum: 29dd8f85977b5f1a2bf6e25e0d2bd030 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-06-27T13:02:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JHMSampaio.pdf: 1601896 bytes, checksum: 29dd8f85977b5f1a2bf6e25e0d2bd030 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-06-27T13:02:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JHMSampaio.pdf: 1601896 bytes, checksum: 29dd8f85977b5f1a2bf6e25e0d2bd030 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Este trabalho consiste em analisar historicamente o bonde em Fortaleza no período entre 1913 e 1947, pondo em relevo as relações que os habitantes estabeleciam com a cidade em face da presença desses equipamentos modernos; observando o uso que as diferentes classes sociais faziam do espaço urbano, sobretudo a partir da chegada do bonde, iniciado no ano de 1913, pela companhia inglesa Ceará Tramway Light, e encampado pelo poder público local em 1947. Nesses anos, o bonde foi muito mais do que uma simples máquina, representava a existência do moderno na capital e se constituía em espaço de convivência entre as diferentes classes sociais. Durante esse período, houve um crescimento acentuado da população e, após os anos 1930, os equipamentos urbanos não acompanharam o novo ritmo da cidade. A pesquisa também apresenta como o sistema de transporte define os espaços urbanos, a configuração de bairros e as disputas por locais próximos ao centro. Com uma série de irregularidades, paralisações, dificuldades na circulação, o bonde alterou o cotidiano dos habitantes de Fortaleza na percepção da velocidade, do espaço, do tempo e, principalmente, no caminhar pela urbe.