Global ETD Search

71	The impact of background resolution on Target Acquisitions Weapons Software (TAWS) sensor performance Pearcy, Charles M. 03 1900 (has links) Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This study evaluated the sensitivity of TAWS detection range calculations to the spatial resolution of scenario backgrounds. Sixteen independent sites were analyzed to determine TAWS background. Multispectral satellite data were processed to different spatial resolutions from 1m to 8km. The resultant imagery was further processed to determine TAWS background type. The TAWS background type was refined to include soil moisture characteristics. Soil moisture analyses were obtained using in situ measurements, the Air Force's Agricultural-Meteorological (AGRMET) model and the Army's Fast All-seasons Soil Strength (FASST) model. The analyzed imagery was compared to the current default 1o latitude by 1o of longitude database in TAWS. The use of the current default TAWS background database was shown to result in TAWS ranges differing from the 1m standard range by 18-23%. The uncertainty was reduced to 5% when background resolution was improved to 8km in rural areas. By contrast, in urban regions the uncertainty was reduced to 14% when spatial resolution was reduced to 30m. These results suggest that the rural and urban designations are important to the definition of a background database. / First Lieutenant, United States Air Force Remote sensing Soil moisture Measurement Weather forecasting Computer programs TAWS Target Acquisition Weapons Software Background soil Moisture range Uncertainty Multispectral Agricultural-Meteorological AGRMET Fast All-seasons Soil Strength FASST Urban rural model
72	Implementation Strategies for Particle Filter based Target Tracking Velmurugan, Rajbabu 03 April 2007 (has links) This thesis contributes new algorithms and implementations for particle filter-based target tracking. From an algorithmic perspective, modifications that improve a batch-based acoustic direction-of-arrival (DOA), multi-target, particle filter tracker are presented. The main improvements are reduced execution time and increased robustness to target maneuvers. The key feature of the batch-based tracker is an image template-matching approach that handles data association and clutter in measurements. The particle filter tracker is compared to an extended Kalman filter~(EKF) and a Laplacian filter and is shown to perform better for maneuvering targets. Using an approach similar to the acoustic tracker, a radar range-only tracker is also developed. This includes developing the state update and observation models, and proving observability for a batch of range measurements. From an implementation perspective, this thesis provides new low-power and real-time implementations for particle filters. First, to achieve a very low-power implementation, two mixed-mode implementation strategies that use analog and digital components are developed. The mixed-mode implementations use analog, multiple-input translinear element (MITE) networks to realize nonlinear functions. The power dissipated in the mixed-mode implementation of a particle filter-based, bearings-only tracker is compared to a digital implementation that uses the CORDIC algorithm to realize the nonlinear functions. The mixed-mode method that uses predominantly analog components is shown to provide a factor of twenty improvement in power savings compared to a digital implementation. Next, real-time implementation strategies for the batch-based acoustic DOA tracker are developed. The characteristics of the digital implementation of the tracker are quantified using digital signal processor (DSP) and field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementations. The FPGA implementation uses a soft-core or hard-core processor to implement the Newton search in the particle proposal stage. A MITE implementation of the nonlinear DOA update function in the tracker is also presented. Sequential Monte Carlo method Bayesian estimation Configurable Hardware Mixed-signal Analog signal processing Range only Bearings only Complexity Architecture Tracking radar Mathematics Kalman filtering Sound-waves Measurement Target acquisition
73	Low Intensity Conflict: Contemporary Approaches and Strategic Thinking Searle, Deane January 2007 (has links) Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) is a significant feature of the contemporary world and it is a particular challenge to the armed forces of many states which are involved is such conflict, or are likely to become so. This thesis is not concerned with how such difficult conflict situations arise. Rather it is concerned with how, from the point of view of the state, they may be contained and ultimately brought to a satisfactory resolution. The work is thus concerned with the practicalities of ending LIC. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to establish a framework of doctrinal and military principles applicable to the prevention and resolution of LIC. The principles of this thesis are based in numerous historical examples of LIC and six in depth case studies. These distilled principles are analysed in two central chapters, and are then applied in two latter defence force chapters so as to ensure there practicality and resilience. Numerous defence academics and military practitioners have been consulted in the production of this thesis; their contribution has further reinforced the functionality of the principles examined in this research. The research illustrates the criticality of a holistic approach to LIC. The function of this approach is to guarantee the stability of the sovereign state, by unifying civil, police, intelligence and military services. The effectiveness of the military elements must also be ensured, as military force is central to the suppression of LIC. Consequently, the research makes strategic and operational prescriptions, so as to improve the capability of defence forces that are concerned with preventing or resolving LIC. low intensity conflict counterinsurgent counterinsurgency insurgent insurgency guerrilla small wars conflict combat urban conflict new zealand defence force australian defence force afghanistan iraq somalia chechnya east timor bougainville bosnia defence policy doctrine soviet russia red army airpower combined arms intelligence command control communications surveillance intervention peacekeeping peacebuilding peace enforcement strategy tactics infantry armour aviation non-urban terrain psychological war small scale operations combat service support civil military affairs urban dominance rapid dominance manoeuvre warfare nationalism restraint civil resolve operation enduring freedom operation anaconda suppressing fire joint warfare synergy strike target acquisition civil affairs public affairs operation iraqi freedom operation telic professionalism asymmetric warfare power projection sea power precision strike C4ISTAR C4ISR HUMINT logistics coalition post war environment internal security population security civil support unitary command expeditionary civil service personnel techniques standard operating procedures artillery protection manoeuvrability firepower visibility helicopters aircraft friendly fire initiative policy training light armoured vehicle light operational vehicle aviation navy air force army counter communications sea control maritime power projection rules of engagement engineers

Page generated in 0.0945 seconds