Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir sobre as estratégias e mediações utilizadas pelos museus Oscar Niemeyer e de Arte Contemporânea, em Curitiba, e Pinacoteca e Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo, para aproximar o público da arte. Reconhece que o hiato existente entre ambos e que se reflete na baixa visitação aos museus de arte é resultado de construções ideológicas dominantes – as tecnologias de controle social – construídas historicamente para manter o controle de quem possui o poder econômico sobre os demais, sejam pessoas, como no caso da apreciação artística, ou países, como o que acontece com a tecnologia. Apresenta também algumas possibilidades de subversão deste controle, que ocorrem especialmente pelo fato de o ser humano ser criativo e interpretativo. Por fim, observa que o trabalho realizado pelos setores educativos dos museus para atrair diferentes públicos às instituições é bastante relevante e comprometido. Em relação aos materiais didáticos elaborados e distribuídos aos visitantes, entretanto, constatou-se a necessidade de alguns ajustes para que estes se comuniquem melhor com os visitantes e contribuam, de fato, para desconstruir a ideia de museu como um espaço elitizado e disponível apenas a alguns poucos privilegiados. / This research aims to reflect on the strategies and mediation used by Oscar Niemeyer and Museum of contemporary art, in Curitiba, and Pinacoteca and Museum of modern art of São Paulo, to approximate audience of art. Recognizes that the gap between the two and that is reflected in the low visitation to art museums is the result of social control technologies historically elaborate and maintained to keep track of who has economic power over others , are people , as in the case of artistic appreciation, or countries, such as what happens with technology.It also presents some possibilities of subversion of this control , which occur especially because the human being creative and interpretive. Finally, it notes that the work carried out by the educational sectors of museums to attract different audiences is very relevant institutions and committed. With regard to teaching materials prepared and distributed to visitors, however, the need for some adjustments so that they communicate better with visitors and contribute, in fact, to deconstruct the idea of the Museum as an elite space and available only to a few privileged.

Esta pesquisa apresenta como tema central as tecnologias sociais e a inclusão social. Seu objetivo geral é a análise das potencialidades e limitações da cooperativa CATAMARE como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais e de promoção da inclusão social. Para tanto, tornaram-se objetivos específicos do estudo a análise da cooperativa no que diz respeito ao seu processo produtivo e organizacional, bem como a condição socioeconômica e ambiental dos cooperados a partir da constituição da CATAMARE. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos pela pesquisa deste trabalho, a metodologia utilizada foi estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa, sustentada pelo uso de questionários estruturados, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em três fases: a primeira foi exploratória, a segunda fase foi descritiva; já a terceira fase foi analítica uma vez que se interpretaram e analisaram as respostas obtidas nas entrevistas de forma integrada as informações obtidas através da observação participante. A relevância dessa iniciativa encontra-se na possibilidade de expandir o entendimento sobre os processos de desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais bem como a conjuntura institucional que se desenvolve a partir dessas experiências. Entre os resultados obtidos foi constatado que, embora a adesão a cooperativa tenha melhorado a condição social, econômica e política dos cooperados, ainda há limites estruturais da cadeia produtiva da reciclagem e características organizacionais do empreendimento que dificultam avanços para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais e para a inclusão social dos catadores da CATAMARE. / This research has as a central theme the social technologies and social inclusion. Its overall objective was to analyze the potential and limitations of Cooperative CATAMARE as an alternative to the development of social technologies and to promote social inclusion. Become specific objectives of the study an analysis of the productive and organizational process and the socio economic and environmental condition of the cooperatives. To achieve the objectives proposed by the research, the methodology used was a case study with a qualitative approach supported by structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The research was developed in three phases: the first one was exploratory, the second phase was descriptive, and the third phase was analytic, since the responses obtained from the interviews will be interpreted and analyzed in an integrated manner to the information obtained in non-participant observation. The relevance of this initiative is the possibility of expanding the understanding of the processes of development of social technologies and the institutional environment that develops from these experiences. Among the results it was found that, although membership of the cooperative has improved the social, economic and political condition of members, there are still structural limits of the production chain of recycling and organizational development that hampering progress towards the development of social technologies and the social inclusion of the waste pickers from CATAMARE.

Esta tese consiste em uma análise dialógica das construções discursivas sobre o universo do trabalho e da tecnologia no romance Usina, de José Lins do Rego, publicado em 1936. Para conduzir a análise proposta, esta pesquisa parte dos pressupostos teóricos de Mikhail Bakhtin e do círculo, estudiosos da linguagem, para quem o romance é um grande enunciado que nasce de um espaço sócio-interativo. Nessa mesma perspectiva dialógica, em relação ao universo do trabalho e da tecnologia, este estudo busca reflexões de importantes pensadores, a saber: Marx, Engels, Lafargue, Lukács, Sennett e Heidegger. A composição do discurso que se apresenta neste estudo se estrutura a partir da seleção desses autores e de outros, presentes, em sua maioria, nas ementas das disciplinas do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Tecnologia (PPGTE), mais especificamente, no Projeto de Pesquisa “A formalização discursiva do universo do trabalho e da tecnologia em textos literários brasileiros”, a que se vincula esta tese. As construções discursivas sobre trabalho e tecnologia são investigadas a partir de um circuito de vozes presente no romance. Esse circuito de vozes fortalece a ideia-chave, síntese crítica do autor, sua reflexão sobre a vida laboral nos engenhos e nas usinas, a de que no tempo de engenho havia relações mais humanizadas entre os homens e destes com a natureza, apontando para um trabalho como fator de maior socialização, portanto. A arquitetônica do romance se constitui por um enunciado que se estabelece pela repetição dessa tese, garantida pelo circuito de vozes. Essa multiplicidade de vozes, representada pelas personagens e pelo narrador, é organizada pelo autor de forma que o tom da narrativa evidencie a antropomorfização da usina. Em resistência a esse discurso de determinismo tecnológico, no campo simbólico, o autor se vale de outros discursos, como o da tradição cristã, na voz das personagens, D. Dondon, esposa do usineiro, agregados e trabalhadores do eito do tempo de engenho, para fazer imperar essa sua tese. Para tanto, o autor organiza os eventos narrativos de modo que no plano enunciativo fique evidente para o leitor dois momentos: o de ascensão e o de decadência da maquinaria moderna na usina Bom Jesus. No primeiro, com a modernização dos maquinários da usina que simboliza a ascensão desse sistema, ou seja, com o trabalho sob os preceitos do capitalismo, a natureza vai se esfacelando e as relações humanas e do homem com a natureza vão se tornando menos humanizadas em um sentido de trabalho estranhado. No segundo, com a falência dos negócios na usina Bom Jesus, o autor sinaliza para um processo de humanização, no qual, sobretudo, a natureza se apresenta de modo personificado, como resposta punitiva à ambição humana. / This thesis consists of a dialogical analysis of the discursive constructions regarding the labor and technology universe in the novel "Sugar Mill" by José Lins do Rego, published in 1936. To conduct the proposed analysis, this research is based on the theoretical assumptions of Mikhail Bakhtin and the circle, language scholars, for whom the novel is a great statement which is born from a social-interactive space. On this same dialogical perspective, in relation to the labor and technology universe, this study seeks reflections of important thinkers, such as: Marx, Engels, Lafargue, Lukács, Sennett and Heidegger. The composition of the discourse presented in this study is structured from the selection of these authors and others, present, mostly in the syllabus of the disciplines of the Postgraduate in Technology Program (PPGTE), more specifically, in the Research Project "The discursive formalization of work and technology universe in Brazilian literary texts" that binds this thesis. The discursive constructions about work and technology are investigated from a circuit of voices present in the novel. This circuit of voices strengthens the key idea, critical synthesis of the author, his reflection on the working life on the plantations and the sugar mills, which in the ingenuity years there were more humane relations between people and between them and nature, pointing to a work as greater socialization factor, thus. The architectural of the novel is constituted by a statement which is established by the repetition of this thesis, guaranteed by the circuit of voices. This multiplicity of voices, represented by the characters and the narrator, is organized by the author so that the tone of the narrative evidences the anthropomorphization of the sugar mill. In resistance to this discourse of technological determinism, in the symbolic field, the author makes use of other discourses, such as the Christian tradition, the voice of the characters, D. Dondon, the sugar mill owner's wife, aggregates and workers from the ingenuity years, to make his thesis prevail. For this reason, the author organizes the narrative events so that the enunciation plan is evident to the reader in two moments: the rise and the decline of modern machinery at the Bom Jesus mill. In the first moment, with the modernization of the machinery of the mill which symbolizes the rise of this system, that is, working under the precepts of capitalism, the nature starts to crumble and human relations and of man with nature become less humanized in a sense of estranged labor. In the second, with business failure at the Bom Jesus sugar mill, the author signals for a humanization process in which, above all, the nature presents in a personified way, as a punitive response to human ambition.

Orientador: Laymert Garcia dos Santos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T17:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kasper_ChristianPierre_D.pdf: 30366521 bytes, checksum: 7997711a0ede887c60e7b62fbdbd310c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta um estudo da cultura material de moradores de rua na cidade de São Paulo sob uma dupla perspectiva: do habitar, enquanto modo de ocupação do espaço, criação de territórios e de uma tecnologia como forma ativa de relação com o meio urbano, caracterizada como bricolagem. O ponto de vista adotado encara os modos de existência dos moradores de rua como formas de vida possíveis, e não em termos de carência, remetida a uma suposta normalidade. Tomando o estado de constante exposição de si como traço distintivo da condição de quem mora nas ruas, seu enfoque está nas táticas mobilizadas para tornar a rua habitável, táticas que envolvem o questionamento prático das funcionalidades estabelecidas, tanto dos locais públicos ocupados quanto dos materiais descartados encontrados nas ruas da cidade / Abstract: This thesis presents a study of the material culture of homeless people in the city of São Paulo, following a double perspective: of dwelling, as a mode of space occupation and creation of territories, and of a technology, as an active form of relation to the urban milieu, characterized as bricolage. The point of view adopted contemplates the modes of existence of the street dwellers as possible forms of life, and not in terms of lack, refered to a supposed normality. Taking the state of constant self-exposure as the distinctive trait of the homeless condition, it focus on the tactics mobilized to make the street inhabitable, tactics which envolve the practical questioning of the functionality of both the occupied public places and the descarted materials found in the city¿s streets / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Orientador: Renato Pinto Ortiz / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T07:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lara_PauloJoseOlivierMoreira_M.pdf: 10066425 bytes, checksum: 362ae3d1320b13fae690c1eeba2d886f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa verifica a adaptação do conceito de "tática" desenvolvido por Michel de Certeau e utilizado como fundação teórica de um movimento denominado Midia Tática. Com origens na Europa no final do século XX, este movimento herda modos de expressões culturais aliados à uma construção crítica do aparato tecnológico, notadamente das mídias eletrônicas e informáticas. Situamos a discussão sociológica a partir do conceito de racionalidade emergido no debate sobre recentes mutações na configuração do capitalismo e da tendências à novas formas de dominação que se erguem apoiadas no desenvolvimento tecnológico e na mudança das condutas erigidas das transformações do século XX. Para isso, situamos a Mídia Tática no contexto e discussões que deram origem a esta percepção e discutimos aspectos de recentes manifestações de oposição enquanto culturas que se utilizam desta noção em seus diferentes aspectos de intervenção. A intenção é observar os módulos de conflito e contradições que se dão quando o aumento das manipulações tecnológicas entram em contato com novas formações coletivas e padrões individuais e verificar os elementos políticos e culturais que resultam desta junção. / Abstract: This research verifies the adaptation of the concept of "tactic" developed by Michel de Certeau and its use as a theoretical foundation of a movement called Tactical Media. With it's origins in Europe at the end of the twentieth century, this movement inherits modes of cultural expressions allied to a critical construction of technological apparatus, especially the electronic and informatics media. We locate the discussion based on the sociological concept of rationality emerged at the debate on recent changes in capitalism's configuration and it's trends to new forms of domination which appear supported by technological development and changes of conducts erected by some of the transformations on the twentieth century. For this, we alocate the Tactical Media in the context and discussions that led to this perception and discuss aspects of recent demonstrations of opposition as cultures that make use of this concept in its various aspects of intervention. The intention is to look at the modules of conflict and contradictions that occur when the increase of technological manipulations join with new collective formations and individual patterns and check the political and cultural factors that results in this junction. / Mestrado / Sociologia da Cultura / Mestre em Sociologia

Orientador: Maria Cecília Calani Baranauskas / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:57:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_Roberto_D.pdf: 4415021 bytes, checksum: 07810c54c8af09b8c99558461a229442 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O advento da Web 2.0 tornou possível o desenvolvimento de aplicações mais ricas e inovadoras em termos de interatividade. Nos chamados software social, ou aplicações sociais, usuários criam, compartilham e recomendam informação, e interagem entre si em escala e velocidade até então inéditas. Embora tenha ocorrido uma popularização desse tipo de sistemas, ainda há pouco conhecimento sobre como projetar sistemas que façam sentido aos seus usuários e que não desencadeiem efeitos negativos no ambiente social em que eles são disponibilizados. Problemas de sobrecarga falta de qualidade e de credibilidade da informação, e impactos negativos em valores como privacidade, confiança e reputação são comumente reportados no contexto de software social. Nesses sistemas, a diversidade de usuários e de seus contextos socioculturais atinge dimensões e introduzem dificuldades com as quais os designers não estão acostumados a lidar. Isso demonstra que projetar aplicações no contexto de uma sociedade mediada por tecnologias da informação e comunicação é uma tarefa cada vez mais complexa, demandando uma visão de design socialmente responsável que considere de forma explícita os valores e a cultura das diferentes partes interessadas. Lidar com aspectos emocionais e afetivos, culturais e de valores, é um dos desafios que caracterizam um novo momento na área de IHC que requer que as técnicas e teorias utilizadas para apoiar o design de sistemas sejam repensadas, trazendo cultura e valores humanos para o centro do processo de design, e desenvolvendo novos artefatos, métodos e exemplos para apoiar o design em suas diferentes atividades. Esta tese de doutorado propõe uma abordagem culturalmente informada e orientada a valores para o design de software social, e demonstra a utilização dessa abordagem para apoiar o design de um sistema no qual a autoridade de seus participantes é um fator chave. A abordagem, denominada VCIA (Value-oriented and Culturally Informed Approach), articula teorias de diferentes áreas e fornece um conjunto de artefatos e métodos criados/adaptados para apoiar diferentes atividades de design. O software social, denominado TNR (Todos Nós em Rede), está sendo projetado para favorecer a constituição de uma rede de autoridades entre professores da área de Educação Especial / Abstract: The Web 2.0 advent has made it possible the development of richer and innovative applications in terms of interactivity. In the so-called social software, or social applications, users create, recommend and share information, and interact with each other at scales and speeds never seen before. Although there was a popularization of such systems, there is still little knowledge about how to design systems that make sense to their users and do not trigger negative effects on the social environment in which they are introduced. Social software has suffered from problems of information overload, lack of quality and credibility, and has negatively impacted on values such as privacy, trust and reputation. In social software, the diversity of users and their sociocultural contexts reaches dimensions and introduces difficulties that designers are not used to deal with. This demonstrates that designing applications in the context of a society mediated by information and communication technologies is an increasingly complex task, requiring a socially responsible view for design that explicitly considers the values and culture of the different stakeholders. Dealing with aspects related to emotion, culture, and values, is one of the challenges that characterize a new moment in the IHC area that requires techniques and theories used to support the design of interactive systems to be rethought. It also requires putting culture and human values at the center of the design process and creating new artifacts, methods and examples for supporting the design in its different activities. This thesis proposes a value-oriented and culturally informed approach (VCIA) for the design of social software, and demonstrates the use of this approach to support the design of a system in which the authority of its participants is a key factor. VCIA articulates theories from different areas and provides a set of methods and artifacts created/adapted to support different design activities. The social software, named TNR (Portuguese acronym for All of Us Networked), is being designed to promote the constitution of a network of authorities among teachers from the Special Education area / Doutorado / Ciência da Computação / Doutor em Ciência da Computação

This work takes up urban historian Lewis Mumford's concern for the phenomena of planned and imposed ordering of human life and societies. Mumford (and others) suggests the problem consists in the use of external plans, technologies (and media) to manipulate, dominate, and even coerce forms of life. It is seen at its worst in war, and even forced systems like Nazism and Stalinism. But these phenomena also take more attractive and seemingly enriching forms. We will focus (along with Daniel Boorstin and Umberto Eco in their own way) on forms which have massively developed in 20th and 21st century society: market and consumer saturation, shaped by dominating mass electronic media. This situation is developed imaginatively, and inventively, yet problematically, in Jean Baudrillard's theory of Hyperreality –a critique of the Western hyper-consumer and media saturated world. But his methods and pictures are not followed here. We take up a very different approach and diagnosis; This approach has become increasingly multidisciplinary: phenomenological, praxeological, anthropological, and philological. We build it up in a reading of human lifeworlds in philosophers Martin Heidegger and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and anthropologist Tim Ingold. This work does not go in for a picture of language (and cinema) as a system of signification, but as Ludwig Wittgenstein describes it, as tools always already involved in forms of life. We also offer a unique characterization of corporeal imagining and the imaginative creation of lifeworlds, paving the way for what is described as philological resistance: this resistance is seen in the development of a certain praxeological philology and fully realized in the 20th century author J. R. R. Tolkien's mythopoeic concerns. We focus particularly on what we call the double- transfer: the cyclic structure between human artistry and life-world building, each shaped by the other. We endeavor, along with Mumford and others, to counter colonization and find various less manipulated and un-coerced forms of life, and their informal organizing structures. We examine in detail Tolkien's literary and philological project; and the 20th and 21st century's first art form –cinema. Through the philosophical exploration of cinematic craft in Gilles Deleuze, and in the craft of Terrence Malick we see, and are taken up in, the inextricable relationship between how we make, what we make and how we live everyday life.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree: Master of Technology: Entrepreneurial Studies and Management, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / Different social classes of people in South Africa are divided, digitally. This phenomenon manifests as a disparity of information in ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), which is a matter of concern, as the use of ICT is acknowledged to greatly influence the world today, more specifically so in rural areas. An investigation to determine which factors affect rural communities’ access to information, as well as progress levels that can be realised in the support means employed by people resident in rural areas, through introducing ICT’s in their day-to-day living, thus addresses the purported ‘digital divide’. The study’s population was drawn from the Dibate Village community, located in Mmabatho in Mafikeng, South Africa. Recommendations from the findings, point out how ICT facilities can be utilised in the development of rural communities, not just socially but also economically. As main objective, the study evaluates and examines the use of ICT facilities for commercial activities, in uplifting the rural community in the area of Dibate Village. This study is of value to governmental and non-governmental organisations where improving both socio-economic development and service delivery is concerned, in South Africa’s rural areas. / M

The impact of computer-mediated communication (CMC) on relational behavior is a topic of increasing interest to communication scholars (McQuillen, 2003; Tidwell & Walther, 2002). One of the most interesting issues that CMC raises concerns the impact of CMC on relational maintenance and development. Using dialectical theory, social exchange theory, social information processing theory, and the hyperpersonal perspective as theoretical frameworks, this study used quantitative and qualitative analyses to identity potential effects of CMC on relationships. Study 1 (n=317) examined the effects of CMC on relational closeness, satisfaction, and social support. Study 2 (n=196) explored the reasons individuals provide for privileging computer-mediated forms of communication, and the perceived effects of using CMC in relational communication. Results indicated that quality of CMC predicted increased perceptions of social support and relationship satisfaction. Results further suggested that CMC enabled participants to manage more effectively relational tensions of autonomy-connection and openness-closedness. Specifically, individuals used CMC to retain higher levels of conversational control, and to maintain greater numbers of relationships with decreased levels of investment. This paper concludes with a discussion of implications and directions for future research.

Libraries, particularly academic libraries implement technologies to enhance their services to promote teaching, learning and research. In this thesis the impact of information technologies (library technologies) on delivery of services at the Balme Library of the University of Ghana was evaluated. The researcher adopted the multi-methods approach to the research by using a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from users (students) of the library and para-professional staff of the Balme Library of the University of Ghana who formed one group of the study. The interview was used to collect data form professional staff of the library who on the other hand formed the second group of the study. Responses of the data collected from the two groups formed the components of the study and data collected quantitatively were analysed using univariate analysis method and interpreted by the descriptive and inferential statistics method. The qualitative data, on the other hand, was analysed using the narrative analysis approach. The findings of the study reveal that a variety of IT facilities such as computers, internet, photocopiers, scanners, braille embossers, magnifiers for reading, reference management software, video conference facility, electronic theses, electronic databases, automated library system, electronic past questions and the library website are available at the library and are very accessible to all users (students) and staff of the library. Students and staff of the library have good IT skills to utilise those resources. The findings also reveal that the IT infrastructure had positive impacts on the delivery of library services ensuring that users received the appropriate services they needed at the right times and places The study found challenges of slow internet connectivity, unstable power supply, lack of IT skills, inadequate IT infrastructure among others and these hinder the maximum utilisation of IT in and out of the library and recommends periodic training of staff and users, proper maintenance of facilities, increase of internet bandwidth and better marketing of library services / Information Science / M. Inf. (Information Science)