Over the last decade, linguistic relativity has seen a resurgence in research and discourse on thought, language, and culture. One particular facet of this research, multilingualism, has been relatively sparse in comparison to the wealth of research available focusing on individual languages and monolingual speakers. This study represents a preliminary investigation that enters this arena by focusing specifically on how speakers of English as a second language use English basic color terms in respect to monolingual speakers. This is done by using a modified methodology from the World Color Survey as a comparative model of a speaker’s division of colors. Participants in this study illicit responses for 160 color tiles taken from the Munsell color chart used as the basis of the World Color Survey. The results of this study show that three of the ten multilingual participants division of the color space per English color terms falls outside of the normal range of variation between the monolingual English speakers who participated in this study. Though future research is needed to definitively posit the reasons for those participants color maps, this study provides a new window and inquiry into an under-researched area of linguistic relativity.

Background: Low back pain is a common muskuloskeletal issue. Kinesiophobia constitutes as excessive fear of movement and has been associated with greater levels of pain. Nocebic terms has been found to influence kinesiophobia. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the participants’ experiences with low back pain and nocebic terms, and if the language use of the healthcare professionals correlated with negative beliefs. Method: A digital survey was sent out to individuals with low back pain who had visited a healthcare professional. The survey included questions from Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, and questions about nocebic terms and the understanding of them. Participants were recruited via Luleå University of Technology and Facebook. Results: The study included a total of 51 participants. In the kinesiophobic group, there was 13 participants, and the most occurring terms were injury, disc herniation, and wear and tear. In the non-kinesiophobic group, there was 38 participants, and the most occurring terms were weakness, pinched nerve and bad posture. Conclusion: No strong correlation was found between language use and kinesiophobia, thus challenging the hypothesis that language use has an influence on patients’ beliefs. The most occurring nocebic terms differed between the kinesiophobic group and non-kinesiophobic group.

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This study examines dance terminologies and documentation of Korean and French court dances, Jeongjae and Belle Dance, respectively. For Belle Dance, Raoul Feuillet's Chorégraphie (1700) and Pierre Rameau's Maître à Danser (1725) provide lists of movement terms, definitions of them, and instructions for how to enact them. For Jeongjae, Jeongjae mudo holgi, written in the nineteenth century, comprises diagrams and descriptions of dance movements. These sources have their own ways of converting dance movement into language, revealing the divergent perspectives toward body movement in each culture. Their divergent modes of documenting dance demonstrate the characteristic ways of expressing and constructing knowledge of body movement of their historical and cultural contexts. By comparing the terminologies and documentation that carry historically and culturally specific concepts, I explore underlying assumptions about what kinds of information are considered knowledge and preserved through articulation in words and graphic symbols. This study addresses the research question, what do dance terminologies and processes of documentation suggest about perspectives on dance movement in two distinct dance cultures. To articulate the differences, this study examines selected documents as a whole and dance terms in specific. The significance of characteristic features found in the textual analysis will be illuminated through an exploration of intertextual relationships between the dance texts and important sources of the period that focus on the body and how it is conceived in relation to the human being. This study suggests that, dance documents, which translate selected aspects of dance movement into words and graphic symbols, encapsulate historically and culturally specific ways of knowing dance movement. Intending to capture movement analytically and visually, Belle Dance treatises attempt to establish objective knowledge of dance. This mode of knowing corresponds to philosophical and practical milieus that constructed the theory of mind-body dualism, mathematical foundations of modern science, and reliance on sense perceptions. In contrast, Jeongjae documents take the performer's experience as the standard point of view, considering his or her inner experience as well as observable results of movement. Correspondingly, Korean traditional culture adhered to a holistic view of the body and promoted implicit expressions to describe body movements. / Dance

Problem of V2 O5 nanobelts production under intensive stirring of V2 O5 powder in salted water is revisited. Method was initially proposed in 2016 but models and understanding were lacking. Here an independent attempt of the controlled V2 O5 nanobelts formation and growth under stirring with various rotation frequencies is reported, as well as some alternative mechanisms and respective mathematical models of the nanobelts growth and ripening kinetics.

As humans, we are enslaved by language. The kind of knowledge we hold is both created and limited by language. Gender is a category socially constructed in language that helps to determine our expression. Today, however, we are living in a world where the meaning of the words 'man' and 'woman' in our language are far more blurred than they used to be. Gender and sex are no longer considered binary structures by many and this presents interesting philosophical discussions. In fact one might even say there are 1,000's of tiny sexes (or genders) . So with the topic of gender (and sex) becoming a gray area what would a world completely devoid of gender terms look like? Are we constraining individuals by placing them within such a category as gender or are we taking something significant from them if we were to remove this label? Would we provide empowerment to oppressed genders by removing such labels or simply put them at further risk of domination by the oppressors? In this thesis I would like to argue that the removal of gender terms would create more accurate self-identity by allowing for a broader spectrum of diversity and, as a result, further equity. Due to the strong bond between language and culture, my theory is that by slowly tweaking our language over time, while intermediately allowing for the resulting cultural changes, until gender terms are removed from our everyday lives we could develop a culture that has no ability to discriminate between what we currently consider different genders. / Master of Arts

<p>A buyer of a new car is often offered a various selection of warranties. A warranty can e.g. exist in the form of an extended new car warranty. However, some manufacturers demand that the car has to be serviced by an authorised repairer for the validity of an extended warranty. In the thesis I analyse whether such a contractual term is incompatible with today’s legislation and I argue for when such a term is to be seen as unfair. Contractual terms can, according to Swedish legislation, be forbidden if they are unfair to consumers or to the competitors of the one who states the terms. The term stipulating that a car has to be serviced by an authorised repairer for the continued validity of an extended warranty must also be investigated bearing in mind the block exemption for the car sector, regulation nr 1400/2002. Further, some comparison with Swedish and foreign practise within the subject is made. Briefly, my conclusion is that terms stipulating that a car has to be serviced by an authorised repairer for the continued validity of an extended warranty should be forbidden. The term has a negative effect on the competition within the after-sales market since independent repairers are not given the same possibilities to enter into competition. Furthermore, the term is unfair to the consumers since an independent repairer by means of regulation nr 1400/2002 has the same possibilities and rights to acquire with an authorised repairer equivalent knowledge of how to service a car. Owing to this, the service must be regarded as being of the same quality if performed by an independent repairer.</p>