The position of a weaker party in concluding contracts within business transactions The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the specificities of concluding contracts with a weaker party under the New Civil Code. The main focus is given on the issue of contract terms which are forbidden because they cause significant imbalance in the parties' rights and obligations arising under the contract, to the detriment of the weaker party. The thesis explains who can be a weaker party, what differences it brings up and what are the consequences of breach of those protectionist provisions of law. The thesis is composed of an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. First chapter covers the background information and explains who can be in the position of a weaker party, according to which criteria courts should consider the weakness and when it reaches the level which is relevant for law. Second chapter deals with Section 433 of the new civil code and looks at protection of the weaker party on its basis. It addresses scope of that provision and consequences when a party breaches it. The last part of this chapter concentrates on nullity under the New Civil Code. Chapter three describes position of the weaker party in concluding adhesion contracts and specificities which rise from the fact that the...

A photograph typically depicts an aspect of the real world, such as an outdoor landscape, a portrait, or an event. The task of creating abstract digital representations of images has received a great deal of attention in the computer vision literature because it is rarely useful to work directly with the raw pixel data. The challenge of working with raw pixel data is that small changes in lighting can result in different digital images, which is not typically useful for downstream tasks such as object detection. One approach to representing an image is automatically extracting and quantising visual features to create a bag-of-terms vector. The bag-of-terms vector helps overcome the problems with raw pixel data but this unstructured representation discards potentially useful information about the spatial and semantic relationships between the parts of the image. The central argument of this thesis is that capturing and encoding the relationships between parts of an image will improve the performance of extrinsic tasks, such as image description or search. We explore this claim in the restricted domain of images representing events, such as riding a bicycle or using a computer. The first major contribution of this thesis is the Visual Dependency Representation: a novel structured representation that captures the prominent region–region relationships in an image. The key idea is that images depicting the same events are likely to have similar spatial relationships between the regions contributing to the event. This representation is inspired by dependency syntax for natural language, which directly captures the relationships between the words in a sentence. We also contribute a data set of images annotated with multiple human-written descriptions, labelled image regions, and gold-standard Visual Dependency Representations, and explain how the gold-standard representations can be constructed by trained human annotators. The second major contribution of this thesis is an approach to automatically predicting Visual Dependency Representations using a graph-based statistical dependency parser. A dependency parser is typically used in Natural Language Processing to automatically predict the dependency structure of a sentence. In this thesis we use a dependency parser to predict the Visual Dependency Representation of an image because we are working with a discrete image representation – that of image regions. Our approach can exploit features from the region annotations and the description to predict the relationships between objects in an image. In a series of experiments using gold-standard region annotations, we report significant improvements in labelled and unlabelled directed attachment accuracy over a baseline that assumes there are no relationships between objects in an image. Finally, we find significant improvements in two extrinsic tasks when we represent images as Visual Dependency Representations predicted from gold-standard region annotations. In an image description task, we show significant improvements in automatic evaluation measures and human judgements compared to state-of-the-art models that use either external text corpora or region proximity to guide the generation process. In the query-by-example image retrieval task, we show a significant improvement in Mean Average Precision and the precision of the top 10 images compared to a bag-of-terms approach. We also perform a correlation analysis of human judgements against automatic evaluation measures for the image description task. The automatic measures are standard measures adopted from the machine translation and summarization literature. The main finding of the analysis is that unigram BLEU is less correlated with human judgements than Smoothed BLEU, Meteor, or skip-bigram ROUGE.

Dans l'échange verbal entre plusieurs personnes, des termes en particulier sont souvent employés pour s'adresser à autrui : il s'agit des termes d'adresse. Ces termes peuvent être considérés comme créateurs de liens entre le langage et la société par le fait qu'ils fournissent des informations non sans intérêt sur la relation unissant les interlocuteurs. Il existe divers moyens de communiquer et de traduire une certaine forme de politesse, de familiarité, de distance, d'affection, de haine, etc., dont ces termes font partie. En plus de leur valeur sémantique, ils possèdent une valeur sociale et culturelle non négligeable.Les huit romans retenus dans cette étude, écrits par quatre grands écrivains de l'époque victorienne (Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, George Eliot et Anthony Trollope), offrent au lecteur curieux un aperçu privilégié de la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle. Outre l'aspect littéraire, les thèmes abordés en relation avec les événements de l'époque intéresseront le lecteur historien et le mode de vie et les mœurs décrits fourniront de précieux détails au lecteur sociologue, tous ces aspects étant également facilement accessibles au lecteur ordinaire. Cet examen synchronique des termes d'adresse permet, non seulement de montrer la pluralité des termes pouvant être utilisés en adresse directe, mais aussi de souligner l'importance des facteurs linguistiques, paralinguistiques et extra-linguistiques dans toute étude de cette nature. / In verbal exchange between several speakers, a particular category of linguistic sign is frequently used when naming the participants: these are known as terms of address. Insofar as they provide information about the nature of the relation that unite the members of the group, these terms can be regarded as a means of creating links between language and society. They are also among the main contributors to the various systems implemented in the expression and communication of courtesy, familiarity, distance, affection, loathing, etc. Apart from their semantic value, they are of an indubitable socio-cultural interest.The eight novels, written by four major Victorian authors (Charlotte Brontë, Charles Dickens, George Eliot and Anthony Trollope) that have been chosen for this study, provide, for the curious reader, a precious insight into the second half of the nineteenth century. Of great appeal to the lay reader, the themes developed in their historical context – apart from the purely literary aspect – cannot fail to interest the social historian and the customs and conventions described contain precious data for the sociologist. This synchronic study of terms of address, not only reveals the plurality of the terms that are available in verbal exchange, but also underlines the importance of the linguistic, paralinguistic and extra-linguistic factors that should be taken into account in any study of this nature.

L’obésité et la maladie de Crohn (MC) sont deux pathologies inflammatoires chroniques caractérisées par un développement de la masse grasse viscérale et une dysbiose. L’activité physique (AP) impactant positivement ces deux paramètres, elle apparait donc comme une stratégie thérapeutique prometteuse dans la prise en charge de ces patients. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’effet de l’AP sur l’interaction microbiote-tissu adipeux. Sur un versant clinique, nos résultats ont confirmé l’efficacité de l’entrainement intermittent de haute intensité (HIIT) pour diminuer le tissu adipeux viscéral chez des sujets en surpoids et/ou obèses. Sur un modèle d’obésité génétique (rat Zucker), nos travaux ont montré que l’entraînement de type HIIT diminuait la masse grasse totale et viscérale mais cela indépendamment du microbiote intestinal. L’étude de la voie de la lipolyse a montré un effet anti-lipolytique du HIIT dans le tissu adipeux sous-cutané, pouvant ainsi partiellement expliquer la diminution du tissu adipeux viscéral. En outre, le HIIT améliore, pour une moindre durée de pratique (vs. l’entraînement continu d’intensité modérée), la tolérance au glucose et le statut inflammatoire. Dans un modèle d’inflammation intestinale mimant la MC, nous avons également mis en évidence que l’AP spontanée augmentait l’expression des protéines des jonctions serrées pouvant participer à la réduction de l'endotoxémie métabolique. En parallèle, l’AP spontanée favorise les bactéries bénéfiques pour la santé et augmente les niveaux de butyrate dans les selles. Ces adaptations participent à la réduction du tissu adipeux viscéral mésentérique caractérisant la MC. En conclusion, l’AP, à travers différentes modalités d’exercice, se révèle comme une « thérapie » attractive et innovante dans la prévention et/ou la prise en charge de ceux pathologies inflammatoires chroniques. / Obesity and Crohn's disease (CD) are two chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by development of visceral fat mass and dysbiosis. Physical activity (PA) has a positive impact on these two parameters. Consequently, PA appears as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of these patients. In this context, the objective of this work was to study the effect of PA on the microbiota-adipose tissue cross-talk. Our clinical results confirmed the effectiveness of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) to reduce visceral adipose tissue in overweight and/or obese volunteers. Then, using an animal model of genetic obesity (Zucker rats), we found that HIIT decreases total and visceral fat mass, independently of gut microbiota. Analysis of the lipolysis pathway showed an anti-lipolytic effect of HIIT in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, and this could explain the decrease in visceral adipose tissue. In addition, compared with continuous moderate intensity training, HIIT improved glucose tolerance and the inflammatory status despite the shorter exercise duration. Finally, in an animal model of CD, we found that spontaneous PA increased the expression of tight junction proteins, contributing to the reduction of metabolic endotoxemia. Concomitantly, spontaneous PA promoted healthy bacteria in the colon and increased fecal butyrate levels. These adaptations limited the expansion of mesenteric visceral adipose tissue, a typical CD feature. In conclusion, PA, through different exercise modalities, appears as an attractive and innovative « therapy » for these two chronic inflammatory diseases.

A Dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a maneira como os estrangeirismos, elementos exteriores ao léxico vernacular, são apresentados na língua portuguesa, na área específica da Economia. Em uma primeira parte do trabalho, desenvolvemos considerações de ordem teórica, referente à terminologia e à metalingugem. Tomando por objetivo da análise os termos constantes da Base de Termos da Economia, constituída no âmbito do Projeto Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (projeto TermNeo), verificamos que, estatisticamente, cerca de 8,4% dos termos se constituem em estrangeirismos Os estrangeirismos coletados foram posteriormente classificados de acordo com a tipologia de sua apresentação. Por meio de análise dos contextos em que ocorreram, os respectivos estrangeirismos foram classificados em duzentos e vinte e nove tipos de apresentação diferentes e, a seguir, agrupados em nove categorias. Procedemos à análise de algumas formas de apresentação, procurando distinguir as formas que implicavam a utilização de recursos gráficos ou de língua-objeto, bem como os de metaliguagem. Ao final, foram feitas considerações sobre a questão da metalinguagem. / The objective of the dissertation was to analyse how terms brought in from other languages are presented in Portuguese, specifically, in the area of Economics. In the first part of the dissertation we presented theoretical considerations on terminology and metalanguage. The terms analyzed were those included in the Base de Termos da Economia [Base of Economic Terms] drawn up as part of the project known as Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (Projeto TermNeo). We found that, statistically, approximately 8.4% of the entries consisted of foreign terms. The terms collected were later classified according to the typology of their presentation. Based on an analysis of the contexts where they occurred, the terms were classified into two hundred and twenty-nine different types of presentation and then grouped into nine categories. Several of the forms of presentation were analyzed in an attempt to distinguish those that imply the use of graphic resources or object-language, as well as those of metalanguage. At the end considerations were presented on the question of metalanguage.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal analisar os neologismos da área da Informática, especialmente os estrangeirismos, por meio de um corpus constituído por uma publicação de grande circulação, especializada nessa área. A partir da análise dos processos de formação de termos, verificamos os processos vernáculos mais utilizados e o emprego de estrangeirismos de origem inglesa. Retomamos algumas polêmicas quanto às políticas linguísticas e à discussão da influência do estrangeirismo. Agrupamos por processos de formação os termos selecionados por um programa extrator de neologismos. Reconhecemos 745 neologismos, em quinze edições da revista analisada, correspondentes ao período de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008, sendo que 46,31% são constituídos de estrangeirismos; os 42,97% restantes correspondem à derivação, às siglas e às formações acronímicas. Nosso estudo demonstrou que a área da Informática é fortemente influenciada por uma cultura externa representada pelo estrangeirismo de língua inglesa, sendo que os termos não apresentaram nenhum tipo de marca especial dentro da publicação, como aspas ou itálico, nem explicações entre parênteses quanto ao seu significado. São usados como se já pertencessem ao universo léxico do português brasileiro, passíveis de sofrerem adaptações dentro dos padrões da língua portuguesa, como qualquer outro termo vernáculo. / This dissertation has as main objective to analyze the neologisms of the area of the Computer science, especially the foreign expressions, by means of a corpus constituted by a publication of great circulation, specialized in that area. Starting from the analysis of the processes of formation of terms, we verified the used vernacular processes, and the employment of foreign expressions of English origin. We retaked some polemics with relationship to the linguistic politics and the discussion of the influence of the foreign expression. We get process of formation into groups the terms selected in a program Extractor of Neologisms. We recognized 745 neologisms, in fifteen editions of the analyzed magazine, what corresponds to the period of January of 2007 to December of 2008, and 46,31% are constituted of foreign expressions; 42,97% correspond to the derivation and to the acronyms. Our study demonstrated that the area of Computer science is influenced strongly by an external culture represented by the English-speaking foreign expression, in which the terms didn\'t present any type of special graph inside of the publication, as quotation marks or italics, nor explanations among parentheses with relationship to its meaning. They are used as if they already belonged to the Brazilian Portuguese\'s lexical universe, and it´s possible of suffering adaptations inside of the patterns of the Portuguese language, as any other vernacular term.

Le processus de développement logiciel est composé d'un grand nombre d'étapes qui intègrent de plus en plus d'outils. Les chaînes de développement de systèmes critiques (aéronautique, domaine médical) font appel à des outils de génération de code basés sur des modèles. Cette complexification a des conséquences sur la vérification des logiciels critiques. Les contraintes légales imposant qu'ils soient certifiés, la qualification des outils utilisés lors de leur développement est nécessaire. Dans cette thèse, nous nous proposons d'aider le processus de qualification en élaborant des méthodes et outils pour le développement fiable. Pour ce faire, nous présentons une méthode hybride de transformation de modèles par réécriture. Nous nous appuyons sur le langage Tom qui fournit de nouvelles fonctionnalités aux langages généralistes par l'ajout de constructions dédiées. Nous proposons aussi une traçabilité de ces transformations afin de répondre aux exigences de la qualification. La trace générée peut être utilisée a posteriori à des fins de vérification. / Software development process is composed of steps which integrate an increasing number of tools. Development chains for critical systems (avionics, health field) have gradually adopted model-based code generation tools. This increase of complexity has consequences on critical software verification. As legal constraints require to certify them, tools used during the development have to be qualified. In this thesis, we propose to help the qualification process by providing methods and tools for liable development. To do so, we present an hybrid models transformation method based on rewriting. We rely upon Tom language which provides new features to general purposes languages by adding dedicated constructs. We also propose a traceability in order to respect qualification requirements. The generated trace can then be used for verification purpose

This research critically analyses and compares how the United Arab Emirates (UAE)1 Law and English and Welsh (EW) Law regulates obligations in a contract, for a thing that is to come into existence in the future, namely a construction contract. Uncertainty/speculation as to how an obligation is to be performed in UAE Law is termed gharar. The word that is synonymous with this terminology in EW Law is “risk”. The extent of gharar or ‘risk’ (these terms are used on an interchangeable basis in this thesis) in an obligation plays a fundamental role in the profitability of a construction contract. Where losses become unacceptable, particularly for the Contractor, a dispute will arise. These circumstances may be in conflict with UAE Law, which obligates parties to a contract to ensure circulation of wealth by maintaining the anticipated profit to be made from a contract. This analysis also reviews how the level of gharar or ‘risk’ can be increased by operation of two types of provision that are included in standard forms of construction contract such as the International Federation of Consulting Engineers, Geneva, Switzerland (FIDIC) Conditions of Contract for Construction for Building and Engineering Works Designed by the Employer 1st Ed. 1999 (FIDIC99). The first is a provision that releases the Employer from liability where the Contractor does not give timely notice of an Employer’s act of prevention. The second is a provision giving the Employer a discretion to act in an opportunistic manner, and exempt or limit his liability. It considers how FIDIC99 should be applied to control gharar or ‘risk’ in a positive way. It also identifies similarities between how UAE Law controls gharar and that of the notion of parties’ reasonable expectations in contract Law (herein referred to as parties’ expectations), and how relational contracts operate to ensure parties achieve their expectations.

A tese investiga três dimensões dos efeitos da adoção mandatória do IFRS para os mercados de crédito no Brasil: 1) para a relevância da informação contábil na perspectiva dos credores; 2) para os termos contratuais de crédito bancário e títulos de dívida; e 3) para a propensão das empresas locais captarem recursos nos mercados de crédito internacionais. As análises contemplam amostras de aproximadamente 6.500 ratings atribuídos por instituições financeiras e agências de risco (Fitch, Standard & Poors e Moody\'s) e 137.000 contratos de crédito bancário e títulos de dívida (debêntures) detidos por 122 grupos econômicos durante o período de 2005 a 2014. A abordagem empírica é construída a partir de um modelo de interação, comparando-se os períodos pré e pós-IFRS e confrontando grupos de adotantes mandatórios e voluntários. Utilizando-se controles relacionados às características do contrato (loan-specific), da empresa (firm-specific) e da instituição financeira concedente do crédito (lender-specific) e a partir de estimações por MQO, MQ2E e regressão logística, os resultados sugerem que os impactos da adoção do IFRS para a relação contratual de crédito exibem considerável heterogeneidade entre as empresas, dependem do tipo de mercado avaliado (crédito bancário x títulos de dívida) e são condicionais aos incentivos das empresas promoverem efetiva melhora na qualidade da informação contábil. Especificamente, a tese encontra que a adoção mandatória do IFRS contribuiu para: (i) aumentar a habilidade dos números contábeis explicarem o rating de crédito das empresas; (ii) reduzir a dispersão das notas de crédito atribuídas por diferentes instituições financeiras; (iii) reduzir o custo do crédito, alongar os prazos de vencimento, aumentar os montantes concedidos e reduzir a probabilidade de exigência de garantia; e (iv) aumentar a propensão das empresas locais captarem recursos nos mercados internacionais. Entretanto, as evidências sugerem que tais efeitos são exclusivos para entidades que possuem incentivos para prover informação contábil de qualidade, suportando que a existência de benefícios econômicos não depende meramente da publicação dos demonstrativos no padrão global, mas sim está condicionada à maneira como as empresas efetivamente adotam os pronunciamentos. Análises adicionais indicam que as consequências econômicas para o mercado de crédito tendem a ser maiores para os títulos de dívida em relação ao crédito bancário e para empresas com piores notas de crédito e maiores reconciliações iniciais entre o GAAP doméstico e o IFRS. Testes de robustez relacionados a variações na especificação da amostra e reduções nas janelas de evento reforçam a validade dos modelos e ajudam a suprimir potenciais preocupações de que os resultados tenham sido provocados por efeitos concorrentes. O estudo reforça a importância do papel informacional das demonstrações financeiras para os contratos de crédito e contrapõe evidências na literatura de que consequências positivas associadas ao IFRS são exclusivas para países que apresentam determinadas características institucionais / The thesis investigates three dimensions of the effects of mandatory IFRS adoption for credit markets in Brazil: 1) to the credit relevance of accounting information; 2) to the contractual terms of bank loans and debt securities; and 3) to the propensity of local firms to raise funds in international credit markets. The analyzes include samples of approximately 6,500 ratings assigned by financial institutions and rating agencies (Fitch, Standard & Poor\'s and Moody\'s) and 137,000 bank loans and debt securities (debentures) contracts held by 122 conglomerates during the 2005-2014 period. The empirical approach is built on an interaction model, comparing the pre- and post-IFRS adopters and confronting mandatory and voluntary groups. After controlling for loan-, firm- and lender-specific determinants of loan terms and using OLS, 2SLS and logistic regression estimates, the results suggest the impact of IFRS adoption for credit markets exhibit considerable heterogeneity between companies, depend on the assessed market (bank loans x debt securities) and are conditional to the companies incentives to effectively improve accounting quality. Specifically, the study finds that the mandatory IFRS adoption has contributed to: (i) increase the ability of accounting numbers to explain credit ratings; (ii) reduce the dispersion of credit scores attributed by different financial institutions; (iii) reduce the cost of credit, lengthen maturities, increase the amounts raised and reduce the likelihood of collateral requirement; and (iv) increase the propensity of local firms to raise funds in international credit markets. However, evidence suggests that these effects are unique to firms that have incentives to increase the quality of accounting information, supporting the existence of economic benefits does not merely depend on the publication of financial statements in the global accounting standard, but is conditional on how companies effectively adopt the pronouncements. Further analyzes indicate that the economic consequences for the credit market tend to be higher for debt securities relative to bank loans and for companies with poorer credit ratings and larger fist-time IFRS reconciliations. Robustness tests related to variations in the specification of the sample and reductions in the event of windows reinforce the validity of the models and help mitigate potential concerns that the results were caused by competing effects. The study reinforces the importance of the informational role of financial statements for lending agreements and contrasts evidence in the literature that positive consequences associated with IFRS are unique to countries with certain institutional features.

Lin Ming Sum. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves i-xi). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements / Abstract / 摘要 / Table of Content / List of tables / List of figures / Units of measurement / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- What are formulaic sequences? --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Importance of researching on formulaic sequences --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Wray's works --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Distinction between native and normative speakers --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Building blocks of language --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Processing Unit --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- A pragmatic phenomenon in social interactions --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Rationale --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives --- p.19 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1 --- Defining formulaic sequences --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- The development of research on formulaic sequences --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Context of formulaic sequences research --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Milestone works on formulaic language --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- The first phase --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- The second phase --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- The third phase --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Questions and problems surrounding the field --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3 --- Relationship between fluency and the use of formulaic sequences --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4 --- Methods of identification of formulaic sequences --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- The criteria listed by other researchers --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Intuition --- p.58 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Case studies --- p.60 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Corpus tools --- p.62 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Phonological features --- p.65 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Other methodologies --- p.67 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.72 / Chapter 3.1 --- Research questions --- p.72 / Chapter 3.1 --- The tasks --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2 --- The subjects --- p.74 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data collection --- p.75 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Data analysis --- p.77 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Findings --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1 --- Use of formulaic sequences by native and normative speakers --- p.80 / Chapter 5.2 --- Interaction between NS/NNS factor and task type --- p.81 / Chapter 5.3 --- Analysis of individual performance --- p.82 / Chapter 5.4 --- Fluency and the use of formulaic language --- p.85 / Chapter 5.5 --- Time on task and the use of formulaic language --- p.87 / Chapter 5.6 --- Use of formulaic language and mean length of each turn --- p.89 / Chapter 5.7 --- Articulation rate of formulaic sequences --- p.90 / Chapter 5.8 --- Summary of findings --- p.91 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Discussion --- p.93 / Chapter 6.1 --- Use of formulaic language by native and normative speakers --- p.93 / Chapter 6.2 --- Interaction between NS/NNS factor and task type --- p.97 / Chapter 6.3 --- The use of formulaic language and fluency --- p.97 / Chapter 6.4 --- Time on task and the use of formulaic language --- p.99 / Chapter 6.5 --- Length of each turn and the use of formulaic language --- p.103 / Chapter 6.6 --- Rate analysis --- p.105 / Chapter 6.7 --- Summary of the discussion --- p.106 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Limitations --- p.107 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Implications of this study --- p.110 / Chapter 8.1 --- Implications for research --- p.110 / Chapter 8.2 --- Implications for pedagogy --- p.111 / Chapter Chapter 9 --- Directions for future research --- p.116 / Chapter Chapter 10 --- Conclusion --- p.119 / Bibliography --- p.i / Appendices --- p.xii / Instructions for the Picture Story Telling --- p.xii / Picture series 1: Picnic --- p.xiii / Picture series 2: Football --- p.xiv / Instructions for the Problem-solving task --- p.xv / Problem-solving task: The Problem Page --- p.xvi