Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama Lietuvos regionų socialinė raidos netolygumai ir jų kitimo tendencijos. Baigiamąjį darbą sudaro dvi dalys. Pirmoje dalyje nagrinėjama regioninės politikos samprata ir regionų socialinės raidos netolygumų priežastys teoriniu aspektu. Analizuojami pagrindiniai Lietuvos ir Europos Sąjungos teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys regionų plėtrą. Antroje dalyje atlikta regionų socialinės raidos netolygumų sveikatos apsaugos, nedarbo, teisėsaugos, švietimo bei kultūros srityse statistinė analizė ir vertinimas. Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas- įvertinti regionų socialinės raidos netolygumus ir jų kaitą. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad socialinės raidos netolygumai pasireiškia visose analizuojamose srityse ir turi tendenciją didėti. / Bachelor‘s thesis researches the social development of Lithuanian regional disparities and their trends. The final work consists of two parts. The first part deals with the concept of regional policy and regional imbalances in social development causes a theoretical point of view. Analyses the main Lithuanian and European Union legislation on regional development. The second part made of regional social development disparities in health, unemployment, law enforcement, education and culture, statistical analysis and evaluation. The main aim of the research - to assess the regional disparities in social development and change. The research found that disparities in social development occurs in all analyzed areas, and has a tendency to increase.

The thesis deals with the differentiation between countries and regions in the EU and a parallel adjustment of the regional and cohesion policy. The first part provides the presentation of economic and social differentiation in EU Member States and discusses regional development issues from a theoretical point of view. The second part shows various regional differences between regions in the given time periods after the enlargements of integration. The final chapter focuses on the current financial framework 2007-2013 and the current state of the EU Cohesion Policy. The aim is to answer the question whether EU regional policy through its specific strategy managed to solve and reduce the territorial differentiation between the Member States and their regions. The thesis also focuses on the Cohesion policy approach to the spatial disparities and change in the setting of regional and cohesion policy.

Notre thèse aura pour objet d’appréhender la complexité du concept de décentralisation au regard de la construction de l’État au Mali. Pour mener cette analyse, nous adopterons la méthode dialectique. Celle-ci nous permettra de comprendre comment la décentralisation, entendue comme outil et modalité d’organisation territoriale, mobilise des « moments » de la formation de l’État qui apparaissent comme nécessairement réciproques et peuvent faire l’objet d’un double emploi entre l’unité et le pluralisme. Cet outil technique offre les moyens d’une instrumentalisation politique qui va former l’usage de la décentralisation au Mali ainsi que la possibilité d’une réflexivité des intérêts locaux dans la mise en œuvre de la décentralisation susceptible d’informer juridiquement cette pratique. En ce sens, la décentralisation se développe, initialement, dans le cadre de l’État malien au sein d’un processus ou l’État se trouve - ou se rencontre lui-même – dans la négation des identités locales ; le prix qui sera à payer sera la perte irrémédiable de son identité « à soi ». Dans cette perspective dialectique, la première phase de la décentralisation exprime le passage de l’État « en soi » à l’État « pour soi » au Mali. Cette première phase va se caractériser par l’intégration de la décentralisation dans une « grammaire politique » [Première partie]. C’est cette dissonance initiale et inhérente à la constitution même de l’État qui implique la seconde phase d’instrumentalisation de la décentralisation au Mali. Cette dernière sera ainsi appréhendée non plus dans une perspective politique mais donnera lieu à une réappropriation juridique de la décentralisation qui devrait favoriser l’intégration de ces différences et des singularités territoriales dans l’État malien [Seconde partie]. C’est cette dialectique qu’exprime selon nous l’usage malien de la décentralisation et l’influence du problème Touareg qui va pousser ce système à ses limites: ce concept apparaissant comme un outil plastique devant évoluer au regard des conjonctures et permettant d’inscrire la continuité de l’État dans la durée. / Our thesis will aim to understand the complexity of the concept of decentralization with regard to the construction of the state in Mali. To carry out this analysis, we will adopt the dialectical method. This will enable us to understand how decentralization, understood as a tool and modality of territorial organization, mobilizes "moments" of the formation of the state which appear as necessarily reciprocal and can be the object of a double use between unity and pluralism. This technical tool offers the means for a political instrumentalisation that will form the use of decentralization in Mali as well as the possibility of a reflexivity of the local interests in the implementation of the decentralization likely to inform this practice legally. In this sense, decentralization develops initially within the framework of the Malian state within a process in which the state finds itself - or meets itself - in the negation of local identities; the price to be paid will be the irremediable loss of one's own identity. In this dialectical perspective, the first phase of decentralization expresses the transition from the state "in itself" to the "for itself" state in Mali. This first phase will be characterized by the integration of decentralization into a "political grammar" [Part One]. It is this initial dissonance inherent in the very constitution of the state that implies the second phase of instrumentalization of decentralization in Mali. The latter will thus be apprehended no longer in a political perspective but will give rise to a legal reappropriation of decentralization that should promote the integration of these differences and territorial singularities in the Malian state [Part Two]. It is this dialectic that, in our opinion, is expressed by the Malian use of decentralization and the influence of the Tuareg problem that will push this system to its limits: this concept appears as a plastic tool that must evolve in the light of conjunctures and allows State continuity in the long term.

Choice of housing is one of the most important decisions of inhabitants. It is a relatively new process in Czechia which did not work absolutely freely till 1989.Inhabitants accustom to choice of housing and learn this process which is based on the relatively short experience. On the one hand, the importance of the choice of housing is conditional by low willingness of the Czech inhabitants to move and on the other hand, it is amplified by the high purchase price, which usually means the greatest investment in life of households. Thus, people consider many aspects in the wish to satisfy one of the basic life needs during the choice of housing. The place of future residence is one of the most important of them. Housing research is a relatively new topic in geography. Even though systematic research on housing and quality of housing in Czechia takes place more intensively (in the social sciences, for more than two decades), there were not performed territorial differentiation of the quality of housing assessment and comparison of municipalities according to suitability for. The concept of quality of housing has appeared almost exclusively in connection with the dwelling yet, the basic unit of housing. Housing permeates all basic areas of human and social life. Therefore the evaluation of the quality...