This dissertation deals with the concepts glasnost and perestroika during the Gorbachev era 1985–1991. It offers an explanation to the rise and fall of these concepts and casts light on their modern and postmodern implications, as well as their historical and generational preconditions. In light of the Soviet and Russian conceptual history, Gorbachev’s articulation of glasnost and perestroika is contrasted with the reception of these concepts in what at that time came to be called Russian postmodernism. Glasnost and perestroika both confirm and transcend Soviet modernity. They are both future-oriented but at the same time possess retrospective anchorage. The present study reconstructs the experience encapsulated in the concepts, the expectations they unleashed and the tensions they triggered. The Gorbachev era signaled a rupture in the temporal order of modernity. During this time Soviet modernity lost confidence in its self. With glasnost and perestroika a suppressed past opened up which blocked the futurist potential inherent in the present. The concept-theoretical perspective assumed in the dissertation helps explain essential aspects of the dramatic turn of events. Postmodernism’s relationship to the concepts is mainly antagonistic. At the same time glasnost and perestroika were essential to the self-identity creating process of postmodernism and its development of an understanding of a specific late Soviet postmodern situation. Beneath the surface a conflict evolves, constituted in intergenerational terms. The vast differences in deployment of the two key notions appear related to generation specific historical experiences. This is apparent in the glasnost- and perestroika discussions of the 19th and 20th centuries. In several respects the 20th century discourse reflects that of the 19th century. The analysis in the present dissertation demonstrates how Gorbachev, on the basis of his generation-specific experience as a man of the 1960s actively sought to articulate an alternative reconstruction (perestroika) and did so with a distinct ideological accent. The postmodernists, the last Soviet generation, bore the imprint of the stagnation of the Brezhnev era and had no ideal past to resuscitate. Instead of reconstructing social reality they tried to place themselves outside it. This apolitical stance however embodied both anti-political and political implications.

This study used life experience methods to gather the narratives of seven adult Indigenous transracial adoptees who have reclaimed their Indigenous identities after experiencing closed adoption during the late 1950s through to the early 1980s. Participants had been members of Aboriginal (First Nations, Metis, Inuit) communities at birth but were then raised outside their Indigenous nations in non-Indigenous families. Through analysis of their stories, I identified four themes that marked their trajectories to reclamation: Imposed fracture (prior to reclamation); Little anchors (beginning healing); Coming home (on being whole); Our sacred bundle (reconciling imposed fracture). Their stories of reconnecting to their Indigeneity, decolonizing and healing illustrate their shifts from hegemonic discourse spaces that characterized their lived experiences as “other” to spirit-based discourses that center Indigenous knowledge systems as valid, life affirming, and life changing. This dissertation contributes to the debate on state sanctioned removal of children and the impacts of loss of Indigenous identity in Canadian society. My findings indicate that cultural and spiritual teachings and practices, as well as, the knowledge of colonization and its impacts on Indigenous families, communities, and nations, all contributed to adoptees’ healing and ability to move forward in their lives. Key recommendations include: further exploration of the concept of cultural genocide in relation to settler-colonial relations in Canada; further examination of the intersection of counter-narratives, resistance discourse, and colonial violence; increased investigation of the connections between Indigenous knowledge systems, living spirit-based teachings and educative aspects of community wellness; and more research examining education beyond formal schooling, including the formative effects upon Indigenous youth of social values, public policy, and legal frameworks. / Graduate

Orientador: Maria de Fatima Morethy Couto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:45:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vicente_AndreiaMariaFarah_M.pdf: 19556829 bytes, checksum: 686cc2c66a287ef5728caa7f985b6a90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Este trabalho analisa o processo de inserção no cenário artístico nacional dos artistas plásticos João Câmara e Siron Franco - que, através da linguagem da pintura oriunda da técnica em óleo sobre tela, se destacaram no cenário artístico nas décadas de 60 e 70, época em que se discutia intensamente - tanto no Brasil como no exterior - a crise do suporte artístico tradicional em detrimento das novas linguagens artísticas. Como fator importante neste processo, destacamos a criação de Salões competitivos em outras capitais do Brasil nos quais as obras desses dois artistas foram selecionadas ou premiadas. A representação da figura humana é o principal eixo condutor da trajetória das obras de João Câmara e Siron Franco, sendo o corpo espaço metafórico para reflexões sobre os problemas humanos, críticas à sociedade e/ou ao momento político em que o país se encontrava no período acima citado. / Abstract: This dissertation analyses the insertion of the artists João Câmara and Siron Franco - artists that through the language of painting build up from the technique oil painting over canvas have appeared into the artistic scenario in the decades of 1960 and 1970. In this time it was discussed - in Brazil and abroad - the crisis of the traditional artistic support, taking only in consideration the new artistic languages. As an important factor of this process we point out the creation of competitive Art Salons in others main cities of Brazil, in which the works of those two artists were selected and won thefirst prizes. The representation of the human figure is the main axis of the trajectory of the works of João Câmara and Siron Franco, taking into account that the body is the metaphorical space for the reflections upon human problems, critics to the society and/or, to the political moment of the country related to the aforementioned decades. / Mestrado / Artes / Mestre em Artes

Izabela Laiblová Urban Dissertation "Václav Havel and Sławomir Mrożek - Theater of the Absurd behind the Iron Curtain" Abstract: Dissertation is devoted to the analysis of dramatic works of Václav Havel and Sławomir Mrożek in the context of the Theater of the Absurd, trying to answer the question whether it is possible to include plays of these East European writers into this literary movement. Dissertation discusses the impact of political, social and cultural situation on the entry of the Theater of the Absurd behind the Iron Curtain reflecting the perception of the trend in Czechoslovakia and Poland. It describes the key thematic areas of both authors' dramatic plays, such as the relationship between humans and the system, the individual and the group as well as type of dramatic characters. It focuses also on the language of Havel's and Mrożek's plays with its several characteristics, such as phraseology taken from the language of communist propaganda as well as combining different styles - official, administrative and others. The dissertation discusses the composition Havel's and Mrożek's with their significant differences, outlined by comparing the relationship "circle - funnel", respectively "circle - spiral". The research is focused mainly on early plays of both authors. In the case of Havel's plays...

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The aim of the thesis is the analysis of "domestication" of the scientific-technical revolution and the most important alimentary behavior of Czech society in the 1950' and 1960' of the 20th century. In the thesis is this process interpreted in the context of the change of the regime and of the ideological patterns in the mid- 1950', which should help to overcome the difficulties of the Stalinist utopianism - increased emphasis on quality of lifestyle, housing development, architecture and design, modernization of kitchen equipment and the transformation of ideas about desirable social standards and their importance to legitimize post-Stalinist organization. More specifically, in the context of "domestication" of the scientific-technical revolution, I deal with topics such as the rationalization and mechanization of houseworks, emphasis on hygiene and nutrition, quality of food storage and preparation, the transformation of food composition, the "discovery" of vitamins and enzymes, minerals and etc., haunches on consumerism, developing doctrines of household management, image of woman and her place in the household and other topics. The present work examines not only the structural changes that have occurred, but their ideological aspects - especially the place where the promise of a better life...

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