Abstract The educational process behind the work done with children’s choirs has not been written about or talked about very much. Performances get natural visibility and audibility, but most of the work is done in a closed space. The pedagogical process happens behind the scenes and as a result, children and youths grow up as musicians and human beings, as individuals and as a group. The Tapiola Choir celebrates its 50th anniversary in 2013. In this doctoral thesis, I study the educational part of the work done with the choir. In particular, this thesis examines the co-operative pedagogy of Mr. Kari Ala-Pöllänen as a conductor. The specific focus is on the process of qualifying the travelling choir because this is where many pedagogical processes come together. Methodologically, my thesis is a data based case study. The data is based on an in-depth interview. The empirical part is only focused on the period (1994–2008) when Mr. Ala-Pöllänen acted as a conductor of the choir. However, in the beginning of the book I create a view of the whole frame of reference for the choir by exploring the complete archive of the Tapiola Choir and the written material about choral pedagogy. The analysis was done by searching for characters in the qualification process and by using a theory called Big Five personality domains. The results show how a co-operative way of thinking and working promoted the educational goals in all of the teaching done by conductor Ala-Pöllänen. Art and education worked hand in hand, serving the aims of both a shorter and a longer time frame. The naturally occurring interaction between both harder and softer values, in addition to the determined aim to develop the social skills of children, is emphasized in the communication. Both the artistic and educational ambition of the conductor is obvious, but yet does not appear to conflict with the teaching in practice. Many demands are made of the children and youth in a choir that is conducted co-operatively, and they get special instruction to help them with that responsibility. The basic characteristics that the conductor requires from the choir are mainly clear and they are consistent with the professional attitude and favourable prerequisites that are for collaboration. This thesis is about the pedagogical wisdom that is needed to succeed in educating a mostly heterogenic group of children. According to my survey, this is based on sufficient theoretical knowledge, an understanding of the behaviour and growth of a child and a practical personal background - all of these things are connected to the communication skills that are needed to influence a group of individuals in a cohesive manner. / Tiivistelmä Kasvatuksellisista päämääristä lapsikuorotyössä puhutaan ja kirjoitetaan vähän. Esiintymislavalla tapahtuva toiminta saa näkyvyyttä ja kuuluvuutta, mutta suurin osa työstä tapahtuu suljetussa tilassa. Juuri siellä tapahtuu se pedagoginen prosessi, jonka seurauksena lapset ja nuoret kasvavat muusikkoina sekä ihmisinä, yksilöinä ja ryhmässä. Tapiolan kuoro, espoolainen lapsi- ja nuorisokuoro täyttää 50 vuotta vuonna 2013. Väitöstutkimuksessani käsittelen kasvatuksellista toimintaa Tapiolan kuorossa ja Kari Ala-Pölläsen yhteistoiminnallista pedagogiikkaa Tapiolan kuoron johtajana. Erityinen fokus on matkakuorovalinnan prosessissa, jossa toiminnan pedagogisia sisältöjä kiteytyy. Menetelmällisesti väitöstyöni on aineistolähtöinen tapaustutkimus. Aineisto perustuu syvähaastatteluun. Empiirinen osa keskittyy Kari Ala-Pölläsen johtajakauteen 1994–2008, mutta työn alussa luon kuoron arkiston ja muun kuoropedagogisen aineiston kautta läpileikkauksen kuoron toiminnan viitekehykseen. Analyysimenetelmänä matkakuorovalinnan tarkastelussa toimii valintatilanteen kuvauksessa ilmenevien persoonallisuudenpiirteiden tarkastelu ns. viiden suuren mallin mukaisesti. Tulokset osoittavat, kuinka Kari Ala-Pölläsen johtajakaudella yhteistoiminnallinen työskentelytapa palveli kasvatuksellista tavoitetta johtajan kaikessa toiminnassa. Taide ja kasvatus tukevat toisiaan palvellen lyhyen ja pitkän aikavälin päämääriä. Kovien ja pehmeiden arvojen luonteva vuorovaikutus sekä määrätietoinen pyrkimys sosiaalisten taitojen kehittämiseen korostuvat Kari Ala-Pölläsen kommunikaatiossa. Ilmeistä tutkimukseni tulosten nojalla on kuoronjohtajan sekä taiteellinen että kasvatuksellinen kunnianhimo, mikä ei ole ristiriitaista käytännön toiminnassa. Lapsilta ja nuorilta odotetaan yhteistoiminnallisesti johdetussa kuorossa hyvin monenlaisia taipumuksia ja edellytyksiä, ja näihin heitä määrätietoisesti kasvatetaan. Persoonallisuuden piirteiden perusasiat, joita johtaja toivoo ja odottaa kuoroltaan, ovat selkeitä ja liittyvät jäsenten ammattimaiseen asenteeseen ja suotuisiin yhdessä toimimisen edellytyksiin. Onnistuminen hyvin heterogeenisen ryhmän kasvatuksessa kiteytyy pedagogiseen viisauteen. Se tarkoittaa tässä tutkimuksessa riittävää teoreettista osaamista ja lapsen käytöksen ja kehityksen ymmärtämistä, omakohtaista kokemustaustaa ja tälle perustalle rakentuvaa kommunikatiivista taitoa kohdata ja vaikuttaa samanaikaisesti yksilöistä koostuvaan ryhmään.

Hierdie is 'n psigobiografiese studie van Generaal Christiaan Rudolph de Wet. 'n Psigobiografiese studie is die bestudering van 'n persoon se volledige lewe met die doel om die persoon beter te verstaan. Psigobiografiese navorsing maak gebruik van psigologiese teorieë wat aangewend word om die biografiese data van 'n persoon se lewe te beskryf en moontlik ook te verklaar. Die individu wat bestudeer word, is gewoonlik 'n bekende, invloedryke, navolgenswaardige, interessante of modelfiguur. Daar is tans 'n oplewing in die veld van psigobiografiese studies, maar daar word nog steeds nie genoeg in die akademiese veld gedoen om psigobiografiese studies te bevorder nie. De Wet (1854-1922) is vir hierdie studie gekies omdat hy 'n interessante, dog komplekse figuur was. Hy het veral tydens die Anglo-Boereoorlog in 1899-1902 bekendheid verwerf. As 45-jarige man het De Wet in die Anglo-Boereoorlog geveg en vinnig opgang as 'n militêre leier gemaak. Sy vindingryke ontsnappingspogings het die Britse magte hoofbrekens besorg. Wat De Wet verder uniek maak, is dat hy met net drie maande skoolopleiding in die parlement gedien het, as president verkies is, die hoogste gesag in die Verdedigingsmag gehad het en 'n boek oor sy oorlogsherinneringe geskryf het. Alhoewel daar akademiese werke oor De Wet bestaan, is daar tot op hede nog geen psigobiografiese studie oor hom gedoen nie. Die doel van die studie was om die mens agter die legende na vore te bring. Daar is ook gepoog om moontlike antwoorde en verklarings op onbeantwoorde vrae te gee. Die studie het van beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe data gebruik gemaak en kan as 'n psigobiografiese gevalstudie beskryf word. Die Vyf-faktor model van Costa en McCrae (1992) is op die biografiese data van De Wet toegepas om sodoende sy persoonlikheidseienskappe te beskryf. Die bevindinge het interessante persoonlikheidseienskappe van De Wet deur middel van die Vyf-faktor model aan die lig gebring. Volgens die kwalitatiewe navorsingsbevindinge was De Wet 'n vyandige, aksie-gedrewe, bevoegde, prestasie-strewende, selfgedissiplineerde, warm, openhartige, saggeaarde en beskeie persoon. Die kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe data-ontledings het uiteenlopende persoonlikheidskenmerke by De Wet geïdentifiseer. Die grootste verskille het by die fasette warmte, openhartigheid en altruïsme voorgekom. Die waarde van die studie is dat 'n wetenskaplike persoonlikheidsontleding van De Wet gedoen is. Dit is ook die eerste studie waar 'n teoretiese model op De Wet se persoonlikheid toegepas is. Alhoewel die studie sekere tekortkominge toon, beklemtoon dit terselfdertyd die wenslikheid daarvan om alternatiewe modelle te gebruik tydens die ontleding van persoonlikheidskenmerke. Die studie dui ook op die behoefte aan verdere navorsing, byvoorbeeld soortgelyke ontledings en vergelykings van die persoonlikhede van ander militêre bevelvoerders (De la Rey, Smuts, Beyers, Hertzog).

This study investigated the relationship between conscientiousness, extraversion, and leadership effectiveness among the local government managers in Bisho and East London. Conscientiousness and extraversion were used as independent variables in the study while leadership effectiveness was used as the dependent variable. The data was collected from a sample of 222 local government managers using a self-designed biographical and occupational questionnaire. To measure conscientiousness and extraversion, a 24-item 5-point rating scale adopted from Finchan & Rhodes (2005) was used. To measure leadership effectiveness, a 6-item 5-point derailment rating scale adopted from Lombardo & McCauley (1994) was used. Data analysis was done using various statistical techniques, including t-tests, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Technique and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results indicated that both conscientiousness and extraversion are strongly associated with leadership effectiveness. Conscientiousness was also strongly associated with the individual components of leadership effectiveness, interpersonal relationships; molding a staff; making strategic transitions; follow-through and ability to work independently. Extraversion was also strongly associated with the individual components of leadership effectiveness, molding a staff; making strategic transitions; strategic similarities with management; follow-through and ability to work independently. Although conscientiousness and extraversion combined were found to have an additive effect on leadership effectiveness, conscientiousness accounts for a higher proportion of variance in leadership effectiveness than extraversion. Finally, the results also indicated that age was strongly associated with leadership effectiveness. The study therefore recommends that organisations should use conscientiousness and extraversion when selecting individuals for leadership positions.

Users in social networking sites, such as Facebook, are increasingly receiving friend requests from strangers and accepting strangers as friends. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Big Five personality traits and strangers' gender in affecting Facebook users' decisions to accept the stranger's friend request by adopting a 2 (gender of the stranger: male vs. female) x 5 (stranger's personality: Neuroticism vs. Extraversion vs. Openness vs. Conscientiousness vs. Agreeableness) factorial design. Results revealed that participants were more likely to accept the stranger's friend request when the participant's and stranger's personalities matched. This effect was more pronounced when the stranger was a female. Participants accepted female stranger's friend request due to the inflated perception of stereotypical female characteristics, which supported the hyperpersonal effect. Majority of the participants accepted the stranger's friend request based on textual cues that were displayed in the friend request message, which supported social information processing theory, suggesting that impression formation of the stranger was not constrained to the lack of nonverbal cues setting.

En utmaning för företag runtom hela världen är individuella arbetsprestationer, vilket har lett till omfattande forskning kring ämnet. Personlighet har visat sig vara en av de faktorer som har betydande roll för individuella arbetsprestationer. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan personlighet och självupplevd individuell arbetsprestation samt att undersöka vilket personlighetsdrag som kan förklara mest av variationen av den självupplevda individuella arbetsprestationen. En kvantitativ studie gjordes med en webbaserad enkät innehållandes totalt 75 frågor. Mätinstrumenten Mini-IPIP6, SD3 och IWPQ användes för att mäta personlighet och självupplevd individuell arbetsprestation utifrån självskattningsskalor. Totalt deltog 302 personer i studien (M = 44 år, SD = 13.2, range 20 - 74 år, 72% kvinnor). Det enda kravet för att få deltaga i studien var att respondenten hade någon form av yrkeslivserfarenhet på minst 50% under minst 3 månaders tid. Den genomsnittliga arbetslivserfarenheten uppgick till M = 22.4 år (SD = 13.2, range 0.7 - 51 år). Resultaten visade att narcissism hade störst betydelse för självupplevd kontextuell prestation och uppgiftsbaserad prestation medans psykopati visade sig ha störst betydelse för självupplevd kontraproduktivt arbetsbeteende. Vår slutsats är att personlighet är en prediktor för självupplevd individuell arbetsprestation. / A challenge for companies around the world is individual work performance, which has led to extensive research on the subject. Personality has proven to be one of the factors that play a significant role in individual work performance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between personality and self-perceived individual work performance and to investigate which personality traits can explain most of the variations of the self-perceived individual work performance. A quantitative study was conducted with a web-based questionnaire containing a total of 75 questions. The measuring instruments MiniIPIP6, SD3, and IWPQ were used to measure personality and self-perceived individual work performance based on self-assessment scales. A total of 302 persons participated in the study (M = 44 years, SD = 13.2, range 20 - 74 years, 72% women). The only requirement to participate in the study was that the respondent had some form of professional experience of at least 50% for at least 3 months. The average work experience was M = 22.4 years (SD = 13.2, range 0.7 - 51 years). The results showed that narcissism had the greatest significance for selfperceived contextual performance and task performance while psychopathy proved to be most important for self-perceived counterproductive work behavior. Our conclusion is that personality is a predictor of self-perceived individual work performance.

Abstract   Title: The nonprofit leader   Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degrees in Business Administration   Author: Felicia Jingmyr Steiner and Rebecca Gullersbo   Supervisor: Jonas Kågström   Date: May 2020   Aim: The purpose is to highlight the connection between Big Five´s different personality traits, the dimension according the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the underlying motivational factors within Swedish sport associations and their non-profit leaders.   Method: The study uses a quantitive method with a deductive approach. The method involved a survey in which 380 leaders in Swedish sports associations were assigned the questionnaire. The empirical data was then processed in the analysis and statistics program Jamovi through a descriptive-, correlation- and factor analysis.   Result and analysis: The result of the study showed that leaders with high levels of neuroticism have the biggest risk of burnout. A big part of the study group had high values of conscientiousness and extraversion built in to perform their leadership and involvement tasks well with high efficiency. The result showed that the leaders have a number of underlying motivational factors and not only one. The biggest motivating factor in the leaders who participated in this study was to help other people and the least motivated factor was the monetary reward.   Contribution of the thesis: The study makes the most knowledge and an increased understanding of the interaction between different personality traits with other factors such as burnout and underlying motivational factors. The survey´s selection of leaders within Swedish sport associations provides a practical contribution in the form of knowledge about the leaders themselves and how they should work with them to keep the involvement going.   Suggestions for further research: Upon completion of the study, further research of the sports associations´ leaders and their assignments can a connection between personality traits with other factors such as burnout and underlying motivational factors be found. An interesting angle of this type of research would be relevant is to see how the leader´s actual mission affects its sense of purpose. Further research in sport leaders and their non-profit involvement could do more in-depth by looking at their team/athletes´ demographic variables and strengths to see if the motivational factors are being eradicated because of these.   Keywords: “The Big Five”, “Maslach Burnout Inventory”, burnout, personality trait, volunteer, voluntary work, “Volunteer Function Inventory”, coach, sport

Tato diplomová práce navazuje na bakalářskou práci, ve které byl vytvořen model důvěry pro sociální síť Facebook. Do tohoto modelu jsou zapracovány připomínky z konference UMAP 2013 a ověřena jeho škálovatelnost a flexibilita. V další části práce jsou uvedeny základní termíny z psychologie osobnosti a zkoumána závislost důvěry na osobnosti uživatele. Je vybrán model Big Five k reprezentaci charakteru uživatele a navržen dotazník, u nějž bude zkoumána korelace s modelem důvěry. Tato korelace je na základě sociologických poznatků odhadnuta a později ověřena na reálných uživatelích sociální sítě Facebook.

Recent organisational changes have refocused attention on the productivity and performance of sales representatives and consequently brought about a re-evaluation of the QWL these employees experience, as well as their trust in the organisation to support them. Responses to an internet-based survey methodology were analysed using quantitative techniques and structural equation modelling. Results confirm a positive relationship between Managerial Practices and Organisational Trust, and a lower relationship between the dimensions of Personality and Organisational Trust. A positive relationship was noted between QWL and Managerial Practices, and a lower relationship between QWL and the Personality constructs. This study accentuates the importance of management to be aware of the trust employees have in the organisation as well as their experience of QWL, as it seems as though the Personality traits and Managerial Practices of managers influences both the trust relationship and QWL experienced by employees. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

The new economy is characterised by globalisation, increased competition, and rapid changes. In order to remain competitive, organisations need to be proactive and innovative to survive. This is mirrored in the South African retail industry which is developing into a dynamic industry driven by changes in technology, shifts in consumer behaviour, saturating markets, and increased competition as a result of globalisation. In light of these increased demands on organisations to be more flexible, adaptable, and competitive, new demands have subsequently been placed on leaders. The retail industry is highly labour-intensive and requires effective leadership at all levels, and Transformational Leadership (TL) has been shown to be an effective leadership style to improve various organisational outcomes. In recent years, personality has been used as a means to predict TL behaviours in leaders. One model of personality that has proved its utility in identifying leadership characteristics has been the Five Factor Model of Personality. However, not much is known about the relationship between TL and the Big Five personality factors in the retail industry. The current study utilised a quantitative research approach in which 101 leaders in a retail organisation in South Africa were assessed on TL and the Big Five personality factors, using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and the Fifteen Factor Plus Personality Questionnaire. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the statistical relationship between TL and the Big Five personality factors. Results indicated that there were no statistically significant relationships between three of the Big Five personality factors, namely extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness, and any of the TL dimensions or the composite TL score. There are two statistically significant relationships between one Big Five personality factor, namely agreeableness, and two TL dimensions, namely inspirational motivation (.196; p < .05), and individualised consideration (.200; p < .05). Only one Big Five personality factor, namely emotional stability, is statistically significantly related to all the TL dimensions as well as the composite TL score, ranging from a low of .539 (p < .01) for idealised behaviour to a high of .556 (p < .01) for the composite TL score. The study concluded that the Big Five personality factors should be used with caution to identify and develop potential TL behaviours in the diverse South African retail context. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Orientation In this study the interrelationship between specific personality and interests measures were explored to improve understanding of the respective constructs and their interrelations. A literature study and empirical research was conducted to serve the purpose of this study. Research purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationship between personality and interests using the measures of the OPQ, the 15FQ+, and the SDS. Motivation for study Much research has been done on the importance of the use of personality and interest questionnaires for career guidance and other purposes. However, a correlation between the SDS and OPQ and between the SDS and 15FQ+ has not been researched. As such, this study was intended to provide valuable insight into the interrelation between the personality and interests as measured by the OPQ, the SDS and the 15FQ+, which should enhance the interpretation of the respective constructs. Research Methodology An exploratory research method was used, as it was a systematic investigation of the relationship among two or more variables. A quantitative strategy of inquiry was used for this study. Main findings A canonical correlation analysis showed moderate to strong interrelationship between personality traits and vocational interest. The interrelation of the OPQ, the SDS and the 15FQ+ are significant. The findings indicated how personality and interests differ and converge for enhancing interpretation purposes. Practical/managerial implications Holland’s theory of vocational interests focuses on the application of the SDS for career purposes, as well as for measuring job fit and job satisfaction. A better understanding of the interrelationship between personality and interests help practitioners to optimize the use of the measures within various contexts. Contributions/value additions The study will enable practitioners to more effectively utilize the personality and interest measures, combined or separately, as the interrelationships are now better known and construct validity is enhanced. Conclusion The objective of this research was successfully achieved, as satisfactory evidence was provided to address the overarching research purpose. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / Human Resource Management / MSc / Restricted