Previous studies have documented an association between mental illness rates and US-nativity, younger age at immigration, and recent immigration status among Caribbean immigrants to the US. This analysis examines these associations with the addition of important demographic controls and two indices of family support and conflict in Caribbean immigrants represented in the National Survey of American Life (n = 1623). The results indicate that previous correlates disappear when the index of family conflict is taken into account. Future efforts should focus on culturally appropriate identification and treatment methods addressing family dynamics in Caribbean immigrants. INDEX WORDS: immigrant mental health, family dynamics, National Survey of American Life.

While several studies have analyzed the impact of mother-child attachment security on the child’s emotion regulation abilities, few studies have proposed interventions to help children improve emotion regulation abilities in the presence of an insecure mother-child attachment. This current study extends previous findings about the influence of mother-child attachment on the child’s emotion regulation abilities and contributes new research in determining whether an older sibling can moderate this effect. This study predicts that across points of assessments: 18 months, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years, the quality of mother-child attachment security will influence the child’s performance on an emotion regulation task, such that securely attached children will demonstrate the most persistence and least distress, children with Anxious-Avoidant attachment will demonstrate the least persistence, and children with Anxious-Ambivalent will demonstrate the most distress. If, at any point, the child develops an insecure relationship with the mother and a secure relationship with the older sibling, the child’s persistence is expected to increase and the child’s distress is expected to decrease. In this way, the older sibling will serve as a surrogate attachment figure. These research findings have important implications for parenting behaviors as well as clinical practices.

O câncer de mama é uma doença que mobiliza o sistema familiar da mulher que o apresenta, e a forma como os familiares ajustam-se à doença tem efeito sobre o processo de enfrentamento da mulher. Conhecer a dinâmica familiar e identificar aspectos da interação entre os membros da família que ficam comprometidos com o surgimento da doença e que prejudicam o ajustamento e a qualidade de vida das mulheres e seus familiares é uma das etapas iniciais para se desenvolver serviços adequados à população em foco. A utilização de instrumentos de avaliação do funcionamento familiar, adequadamente construídos e validados, é uma estratégia que tem se mostrado como de grande relevância. No Brasil, não foram encontrados instrumentos que atendessem a esse fim. Portanto, optou-se pela adaptação transcultural e validação de um instrumento norte-americano de avaliação familiar, o que consistiu no objetivo desse estudo. O instrumento escolhido foi a Family Dynamics Measure II (FDM II), uma escala composta por 66 itens construída por um grupo de enfermeiras com base na teoria do sistema familiar saudável de Barnhill. O processo de adaptação do instrumento envolveu a tradução, a retro-tradução, a verificação da equivalência da versão retro-traduzida pela autora principal da escala, a análise semântica e duas análises da validade de face e de conteúdo por juízes. Para o teste das propriedades psicométricas do instrumento, foram realizadas análises de construto por meio da análise fatorial e por meio da validade convergente com a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (HADS), e a análise da fidedignidade por meio do cálculo da consistência interna dos itens (alfa de Cronbach). A versão adaptada da FDM II, a HADS e uma ficha de identificação sócio-demográfica foram aplicadas a uma amostra de 251 familiares de mulheres portadoras de câncer de mama, atendidas em dois serviços de saúde do interior do estado de São Paulo. O produto da análise semântica e da validade de face e de conteúdo por juízes resultou em uma versão da FDM II em português adaptada para uso no Brasil. A análise fatorial mostrou que a versão adaptada não confirmou a dimensionalidade teórica do instrumento. Porém, foi semelhante à obtida pelas autoras na análise fatorial do instrumento original. Na análise da validade convergente da FDM II com a HADS, as correlações entre as medidas de ansiedade e depressão e as medidas das dimensões da FDM II foram inversas de moderada a baixa intensidade. E na análise da fidedignidade, a consistência interna dos itens foi muito boa (α = 0,90), apesar dos coeficientes por dimensão serem mais baixos. Concluindo, a versão adaptada da FDM II foi considerada válida, e sugerem-se novos estudos para fortalecer essa evidência. / Breast cancer is a disease that affects the woman\'s family and, the way the family faces the disease affects the woman coping process. Knowing the family dynamics and identifying interaction aspects among the relatives affected by the disease, and that may damage the coping process and life quality of the woman and her family, is an initial stage to develop adequate services for the focused population. The use of well constructed and reliable tools to assess the family dynamics is a relevant strategy. Tools of that kind, to achieve such results, were not available in Brazil. Therefore, the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a north-American instrument for family assessment was chosen to supply this need and became the purpose of this study. The chosen scale was the Family Dynamics Measure II (FDM II), a 66 items questionnaire, built by a group of nurses and based on Barnhill\'s healthy family system. The adaptation process involved the translation, back-translation, assessment of the equivalence between the original and the back-translated version by the main scale\'s author, a semantic analysis and two face and content validity assessments by judges. For the psychometric properties tests of the instrument, analysis of the construct were carried out by means of factor analysis and convergent validity towards Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); and reliability analysis, through items internal consistency calculation (Cronbach\'s alpha). The FDM II adapted version, HADS, and a socio-demographic identification form were submitted to a sample with 251 breast cancer women\'s relatives, in treatment at two health services facilities in Sao Paulo state. The product of the semantic and the face and content validity analysis resulted in a version of the FDM II in Portuguese adapted for use in Brazil. Factor analysis showed that the adapted version did not confirm the theoretical dimensionality. However, it was like to those obtained by the authors at the factor analysis on the original instrument. At the convergent validity analysis on FDM II and HADS, the correlation between anxiety and depression measurements and the FDM II dimensions measurements were inverted, from moderate to low intensity. At the reliability analysis, the items internal consistency were very good (α = 0,90), despite the low coefficients by dimension. The conclusion is that the FDM II adapted version was considered valid and new studies to strengthen this evidence are suggested.

A famÃlia à uma unidade integrada e dinÃmica. Diante do diagnÃstico de cÃncer, estudos apontam para o surgimento de crises neste grupo primÃrio, que passa por uma reestruturaÃÃo. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a dinÃmica familiar do paciente oncolÃgico, a partir da revelaÃÃo do diagnÃstico e da atuaÃÃo da famÃlia no contexto da doenÃa. Foram analisadas as repercussÃes do diagnÃstico de cÃncer nos papÃis familiares, nos vÃnculos afetivos, nos estilos de comunicaÃÃo interpessoal. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo de quatro casos de pacientes com cÃncer. O atendimento desses pacientes foi realizado no Instituto do CÃncer do Cearà e na Casa Vida, localizados em Fortaleza-CearÃ, onde se realizou a coleta de dados. Inicialmente, foi analisado o prontuÃrio dos pacientes prÃ-selecionados. Em seguida, foi dado o consentimento informado e foram realizadas entrevistas a partir de um roteiro semi-estruturado com os pacientes e seus membros familiares. Paralelamente, foi elaborado um diÃrio de campo para complementaÃÃo das informaÃÃes. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na Ãntegra. O conteÃdo das entrevistas permitiu identificar as unidades de significaÃÃes atribuÃdas à vivÃncia da doenÃa pelo paciente e os componentes das famÃlias entrevistados, assim como identificar as mudanÃas nos papÃis dos membros familiais, os vÃnculos afetivos e as formas de comunicaÃÃo reveladoras das repercussÃes do diagnÃstico do cÃncer. As narrativas indicam mudanÃa nos papÃis e, em alguns casos, a inclusÃo de outras pessoas no contexto familiar. Observou-se afastamento de alguns membros da famÃlia e aproximaÃÃo de outros componentes mais afastados, indicando alteraÃÃo nos vÃnculos afetivos, nas formas de comunicaÃÃo, transformando a dinÃmica familiar diante do diagnÃstico. Foi observado tambÃm que nem sempre a famÃlia consegue dar apoio emocional ao paciente, pois à ele quem dà o suporte emocional aos seus. O estudo indica que a dinÃmica familiar envolve dimensÃes fÃsicas, psicolÃgicas, sociais, ambientais e culturais. A famÃlia, junto ao paciente, tambÃm adoece, cada membro ao seu modo, tornando-se necessÃrio que seja capacitada para lidar melhor com a trajetÃria da doenÃa de que o paciente padece, assim favorecendo a diminuiÃÃo do estresse provocado pelo cÃncer. Quanto aos papÃis familiares, o estudo aponta para uma transformaÃÃo pelo menos momentÃnea. Os vÃnculos afetivos podem ser fortalecidos ou enfraquecidos. Os estilos de comunicaÃÃo interpessoal tambÃm se transformam em ditos e nÃo-ditos ou segredos. / The family unit is an integrated and dynamic. Once the diagnosis of cancer, studies point to the emergence of crises in the primary group, which undergoes a restructuring. This study aimed to understand the family dynamics of cancer patients from the disclosure of diagnosis and the role of family in the context of the disease. We analyzed the impact of cancer diagnosis in family roles, the emotional bonds, in the styles of interpersonal communication. We conducted a qualitative study of four cases of patients with cancer. The care of these patients was conducted at the Cancer Institute of Cearà and Life House, located in Fortaleza, Ceara, where he performed the data collection. Initially, we analyzed the records of patients pre-selected. Then was given informed consent and were interviewed from a semi-structured with patients and their family members. In parallel, we designed a field journal to complement the information. The interviews were taped and transcribed. The content of the interviews identified the units of meanings attributed to the experience of illness by the patient and the components of the families interviewed, as well as identify changes in familial roles of members, the emotional ties and ways of communication revealing the impact of cancer diagnosis . The narratives indicate changes in roles and in some cases, the inclusion of others in the family context. There was the expulsion of some members of the family and approach of other components further apart, indicating changes in the affective bonds, forms of communication, transforming the family dynamics before the diagnosis. It was also observed that the family can not always give emotional support to patients, it is he who gives emotional support to their. The study indicates that family dynamics dimensions involves physical, psychological, social, environmental and cultural. The family, along with the patient, too ill, each member in his own way, making it necessary to be able to deal better with the trajectory of the disease that the patient suffers, thus favoring the reduction of the stress caused by cancer. With regard to family roles, the study points to a transformation at least momentarily. The emotional ties can be strengthened or weakened. The styles of interpersonal communication also become sayings and unspoken or secrets.

Although Turkey is a country with strong social cohesion, figures of runaway children in Turkey are increasing dramatically. This research focused on the factors that cause children to run away and on interaction programs to intervene and/or prevent this problem. Until recently, Turkish family life was able to avoid such problems, but with the effect of westernization and social mobility in Turkey, the basic family structure has become more like the family structure in the western countries. Studies reveal that runaway episodes happen in all families regardless of such factors as economic, race, or geographic situations. Teenagers run away for several reasons; however, early intervention is highly suggested by studies to mitigate the problem. Although, parent-child conflict plays a significant role as a reason for youth leaving home, on the other hand family interaction still remains the best alternative to the problem.

No description available.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to highlight a problem that is very relevant for young adults of foreign-born parents in Sweden. By conducting in-depth interviews with young adults who have experience of brokering during their childhood, we get a better understanding of how the role impacts immigrant families. In our analysis we use sociopsychological theories to illustrate on how the role of brokering contributes to an inner conflict, conflicts between parent and child, and changes in family dynamics. Conflicts arise from the child trying to define him-/herself from being seen as a child while also having increased responsibilities compared to its peers. These responsibilities increase with time, and as such lead to conflicts between the parent and the child, as the role dissolves traditional power hierarchies in families. The child however is not limited to only brokering for their own parents. They also act as brokers for other family members. Our central analysis is that while children act as brokers, they are progressively assigned more tasks by the parents. With time, these tasks lead to increased power for the child and makes the parents more dependent on the child. We define this process as spiral of power.

This study explored the relationship between characteristics of children's families and their social adjustment and how extra-familial connections affect this relationship. According to human ecological theory, children who are in jeopardy through higher-risk family systems and other social forces were expected to be protected from sociocultural risks by social connections in such settings as school, church, kin groups, and neighborhood.

Language brokers are children of immigrants who use their skills as bilinguals to interpret or translate for their family and/or community members. Although language brokering may begin in childhood or preadolescence, language brokering may continue until adulthood. While there are a small number of studies that have touched upon change over time, this study’s primary focus is on language brokers’ experiences relating to change over time. This was accomplished through semi-structured in depth retrospective interviews among Latina/o young adults attending small liberal arts colleges. Three aspects of language brokering were examined, the practice of language brokering, feeling towards language brokering, and family dynamics. Three new aspects of language brokering emerged, brokering for parent’s business, brokering for the community, and brokering technology. Siblings played the role of the language broker at different points in time and to different extents. Parents’ English language developed, and they were able to navigate some tasks due to their language development and their experience completing typical forms. Feelings of joy and frustration, in deed, coexist. Feelings towards language brokering also changed from embarrassment and nervousness to confidence and satisfaction. The patterns and experiences found in this study highlight the complexity and dynamic nature of language brokering.

El objetivo del estudio fue describir cómo se da la dinámica familiar en sistemas conyugales con mascotas y sin hijos. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico, aplicando la técnica de entrevista semiestructurada. Participaron 10 parejas de entre 25 a 35 años que se encontraban conviviendo como mínimo 6 meses con sus mascotas. Se utilizó el análisis temático para establecer los temas desde la teoría de la dinámica familiar de Olson (2000). Los principales hallazgos indican que cuando una mascota se introduce en el sistema genera nuevos patrones de comportamiento y modifica su dinámica. Algunos de los cambios encontrados son los siguientes: un nuevo vínculo emocional, transformación de roles, establecimiento de una nueva rutina, cambios en las prioridades de la pareja, cambios en el proyecto de vida, entre otros. Así, se confirma la estructura teórica de Olson (2000) y se complementa a partir de una categoría emergente. / The aim of the study was to describe how family dynamics occurs in married systems with pets and without children. To do this, a qualitative methodology with phenomenological design was used, applying the semi-structured interview technique. Ten couples between 25 and 35 years old who were living at least 6 months with their pets participated. Thematic analysis was used to establish the themes from Olson’s theory of family dynamics (2000). The main findings indicate that when a pet is introduced into the system it generates new behavior patterns and modifies its dynamics. Some of the changes found are the following: a new emotional bond, transformation of roles, establishment of a new routine, changes in the priorities of the couple, changes in the life project, among others. Thus, the theoretical structure of Olson (2000) is confirmed and complemented by an emerging category. / Tesis