Objetivo. La presente investigación busca conocer y describir las características en la dinámica familiar ante la presencia de un miembro joven que tuvo ideación suicida. Método. Se utilizó el método cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico; se aplicó el análisis de contenido y el instrumento de recolección de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada, aplicada en los familiares del miembro joven que tuvo ideación suicida. Resultados. Fueron agrupados en cuatro categorías: contexto familiar, grado de relación entre los familiares, maneras de adaptarse y comunicación. Conclusión. Se concluyó que la dinámica familiar evidencia características que permiten conocer y describir el contexto en el que se encontraba la familia antes de la ideación suicida de su miembro joven, tales como antecedentes familiares de suicidio, diagnóstico de trastorno mental en el miembro joven y los conflictos a nivel familiar. Así como, características que se presentan a partir de las maneras en las que los familiares se adaptan ante la ideación suicida, mediante el cambio en las funciones de los roles y los acuerdos que llegan a establecerse. Otras características son las que se presentan en el grado de relación entre los familiares, evidenciándose en algunas familias, como cercanas, mientras que en otras las relaciones se encuentran lejanas. Por último, las características en la comunicación se ven reflejadas en la apertura que tienen algunos miembros para comunicarse entre ellos sobre aspectos personales y emocionales y, por otro lado, algunos familiares solo consiguen hablar de temas superficiales. / Objective. The present research seeks to know and describe the characteristics on the family dynamics with the presence of a young member who had suicidal ideation. Method. The qualitative method was used, with a phenomenological design; content analysis was applied and the information collection instrument was the semi-structured interview, applied to the family of the young member who had suicidal ideation. Results. They were grouped into four categories: family context, degree of relationship between family members, ways of adapting and communication. Conclusion. It was concluded that family dynamics show characteristics that allow knowing and describing the family context in which the family was before the suicidal ideation of its young member, presenting characteristics such as a family history of suicide, diagnosis of mental disorder in the young member and conflicts at the family level. As well as, characteristics that arise from the ways in which family members adapted to the suicidal ideation, through the change in the functions of the roles and the agreements that they came to be established. Other characteristics are those that appear in the degree of relationship between family members, being evidenced in some as close, while in others the relationship are distant. Finally, the characteristics of communication are reflected in the openness that some members have to communicate with their relatives about personal and emotional aspects, and on the other hand, some relatives only manage to talk about superficial topics. / Tesis

Objetivo. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal describir las características de la dinámica familiar y vivencias en familias con alcoholismo de Lima Metropolitana. Método. Se utilizó el método cualitativo, con un diseño fenomenológico; se aplicó el análisis de contenido y un instrumento de recolección de datos fue una entrevista semiestructurada, aplicada en dos miembros de cinco familias alcohólicas con edades que oscilan de 28 a 63 años Resultados. Fueron agrupados en cuatro categorías: Comunicación, afectividad, autoridad y vivencias. Conclusión. Se concluyó que la dinámica familiar evidencia características que permiten describir el contexto en el que se encontraba la familia con un familiar con condición de alcoholismo donde las vivencias entre los cónyuges tienen que solicitar ayuda recién cuando suceden sucesos críticos. En lo que respecta a la comunicación se ha mostrado una falta de comunicación y presencia de juicios, sátiras, etiquetas que ha provocado discusiones y conflictos entre pares. Asimismo, otras características que se presentan a partir de las maneras en las que los familiares interpretan y se adaptan a la condición del miembro con problemas de alcoholismo, mediante el cambio en las funciones de los roles y la falta de normas claras. Además, las mujeres han manifestado un empoderamiento y cierta agresividad al imponer su autoridad en el sistema. Por último, las formas de expresar la afectividad, manifestando familias afectas positivos y sentido de pertenecía, así como se encuentran con cuidados excesivos hacia el miembro con problemas de alcoholismo o afectos negativos y teniendo un distanciamiento entre pares. / Objective. The main objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of family dynamics and experiences in families with alcoholism in Metropolitan Lima. Method. The qualitative method was used, with a phenomenological design; Content analysis was applied and a data collection instrument was a semi-structured interview, applied to two members of five alcoholic families with ages ranging from 28 to 63 years. Results. They were grouped into four categories: Communication, affectivity, authority and experiences. Conclution. It was concluded that family dynamics show characteristics that allow describing the context in which the family was with a family member with alcoholism, where the experiences between the spouses have to request help only when critical events occur. Regarding communication, there has been a lack of communication and the presence of judgments, satires, and labels that have caused discussions and conflicts between peers. Likewise, other characteristics that arise from the ways in which family members interpret and adapt to the condition of the member with alcoholism problems, through the change in role functions and the lack of clear norms. In addition, women have shown empowerment and a certain aggressiveness in imposing their authority in the system. Finally, the ways of expressing affectivity, showing positive affectionate families and a sense of belonging, as well as excessive care towards the member with alcoholism problems or negative affections and having a distance between peers. / Tesis

No description available.

I en sjöfartsfamilj kretsar mycket av vardagen kring de olika perioderna i sjöfararens yrke - hemmaperioder, bortaperioder och perioderna kring hemkomst och avresa. Det finns undersökningar på hur sjöfararen och dennes partner upplever dessa perioder men det saknas kunskap om hur det är att växa upp i en sjöfartsfamilj. Mot denna bakgrund var syftet med denna undersökning att undersöka hur unga vuxna, uppväxta i en sjöfartsfamilj med en periodvis bortavarande sjöfarare, upplevt perioderna när sjöfararen var hemma, borta och kring avresa eller hemkomst. En kvalitativ metod användes och åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta respondenter gjordes. Respondenternas upplevelser varierade men en övergripande känsla var att perioderna av lång sammansatt ledighet när sjöfararen var hemma övervägde nackdelarna med att bara ha en förälder under bortaperioderna. Under sjöfararens bortavaro upplevde alla respondenterna varierande grader av saknad, framförallt vid speciella tillfällen eller högtider, men för många var det en normalitet då de inte kände till något annat. / In a seafaring family a considerable part of everyday life revolves around the different periods of the seafarers working cycle - when the seafarer is home, away and the periods just before and after leaving or coming home. There are studies on how seafarers and their partners experience these periods, but very little on what it’s like to grow up in a seafaring family. Against that background, the purpose of this study was to examine how young adults, brought up in a seafaring family with an intermittently absent parent, have experienced the different periods connected to the seafarers working cycle. The study used a qualitative method and it comprised of eight semi structured interviews with eight respondents. The respondents’ experiences varied but the overall sentiment was that the seafarers long leave periods made up for the disadvantages of only having one parent while the seafarer was away. All respondents reported feeling varying degrees of sadness when the seafarer left and having feelings of longing around holidays and special occasions. Many respondents referred to it as a normality and that it was all they knew.

During adolescence, self-systems and individual perceptions of the self are changing and heavily influenced by family relationships, which are generally the first and longest lasting connections individuals experience. Thus, to understand youth development, it is imperative to investigate the family context, wherein parent-youth relationships and sibling relationships impact one another. The current study examines the effect of a close sibling relationship on youth self-esteem above and beyond the effect of the mother-youth relationship. A cross-sectional study was employed on a sample of 434 families in the US, which all consisted of one mother and at least a pair of siblings. All three members of the family participating filled in an online survey. The target youth were between the 5th to 7th grades. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses find sibling warmth as a significant predictor for youth self-perception, but not for youth self-criticism. The present study shows the importance of considering not only the mother-youth relationship when analyzing youth self-system development, but also the sibling relationship. / Under adolescensen förändras självsystemet, eller individens uppfattning om det egna jaget, och är kraftigt influerat av individens familjerelationer. Dessa relationer är generellt de mest varaktiga relationer som en individ upplever. För att förstå ungdomsutveckling är det därför nödvändigt att undersöka familjekontexten, i vilken relationerna mellan förälder-ungdom och mellan syskon påverkar varandra. Denna studie undersöker effekten av en nära syskonrelation på ungdomars självkänsla utöver och bortom effekten från ungdomars föräldrarelation. Studien är en tvärsnittsstudie av 434 familjer i USA bestående av minst en mor och ett syskonpar. Dessa tre familjemedlemmar deltog alla i en webbaserad undersökning. Denna studies fokus är de av ungdomarna som vid undersökningens tidpunkt gick i årskurs 5 till 7. Med hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys visas att en varm syskonrelation är en signifikant prediktor för ungdomars självuppfattning, men inte för ungdomars självkritik. Denna studie visar på vikten av att inte endast beakta relationen mellan mor och ungdom när ungdomars självsystem analyseras, utan även syskonrelationen.

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between maternal employment and teenage character traits. Statistics show a significant increase in women entering the labour market and although demographics are changing rapidly, social attitudes and policies may lag behind, and the concept of mothers as principal caretakers and fathers as economic providers remains very much in place. The profound and sometimes contradictory convictions of individual members about working mothers and their children paralleled those of countless others and professional people where matched only by the equally profound lack of facts on which these convictions might be based. The objective of the study is to measure the perceived character traits of teenage children in terms of self confidence, locus of control, independence, time management and ambition. The questions were measured within two different scenarios: the first, within households where both parents are employed, and the second, within households where only the father is employed. The aim of the study is to determine if there is any correlation between maternal employment and the presence or lack of presence of the specified character traits. The empirical study was conducted using the quantitative research method with a non–probability sample. The data collection method used for the purpose of this study was in the form of questionnaires, based on the Likert scale. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by a subject matter expert, while the face validity was determined by the Statistical Consultation Services of the North West University. Analysis of completed questionnaires involved descriptive statistics and practical significance. The target population, high school teachers within the North West and Gauteng Province, consisted of 70 participants. Based on the findings emanating from the research, there were no noticeable difference found between teenagers within households where both parents are employed and households where only the father is employed, although the results indicated a tendency for children within households where both parents are employed to be slightly more self confident, lean more towards an internal lotus of control, have higher ambition and are less dependent than those teenagers from households where only the father is employed. These findings, although not noticeable, agree with the literature. There were limitations that had an impact on the results of this study. The limited population resulted in a small sample. The sample indicated that 41 percent have five years or less experience. Participants indicated that they are not always aware of the household dynamics. Additional limitations include the strict ethical roadblocks when conducting research on children. It was recommended that a more comprehensive study should follow, which should include the participation of mothers and teenagers alike. This will give the researcher a distinct and clear result of what the influences could be within the household dynamics. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between maternal employment and teenage character traits. Statistics show a significant increase in women entering the labour market and although demographics are changing rapidly, social attitudes and policies may lag behind, and the concept of mothers as principal caretakers and fathers as economic providers remains very much in place. The profound and sometimes contradictory convictions of individual members about working mothers and their children paralleled those of countless others and professional people where matched only by the equally profound lack of facts on which these convictions might be based. The objective of the study is to measure the perceived character traits of teenage children in terms of self confidence, locus of control, independence, time management and ambition. The questions were measured within two different scenarios: the first, within households where both parents are employed, and the second, within households where only the father is employed. The aim of the study is to determine if there is any correlation between maternal employment and the presence or lack of presence of the specified character traits. The empirical study was conducted using the quantitative research method with a non–probability sample. The data collection method used for the purpose of this study was in the form of questionnaires, based on the Likert scale. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by a subject matter expert, while the face validity was determined by the Statistical Consultation Services of the North West University. Analysis of completed questionnaires involved descriptive statistics and practical significance. The target population, high school teachers within the North West and Gauteng Province, consisted of 70 participants. Based on the findings emanating from the research, there were no noticeable difference found between teenagers within households where both parents are employed and households where only the father is employed, although the results indicated a tendency for children within households where both parents are employed to be slightly more self confident, lean more towards an internal lotus of control, have higher ambition and are less dependent than those teenagers from households where only the father is employed. These findings, although not noticeable, agree with the literature. There were limitations that had an impact on the results of this study. The limited population resulted in a small sample. The sample indicated that 41 percent have five years or less experience. Participants indicated that they are not always aware of the household dynamics. Additional limitations include the strict ethical roadblocks when conducting research on children. It was recommended that a more comprehensive study should follow, which should include the participation of mothers and teenagers alike. This will give the researcher a distinct and clear result of what the influences could be within the household dynamics. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

AFRIKAANS: Gesinne wat met ’n kleuter met ’n gesiggestremdheid gekonfronteer word, het meervoudige behoeftes wat ’n holistiese benadering vereis ten einde hierdie komplekse probleem effektief aan te spreek. Geen navorsing is egter nog gedoen waar daar na die Suid-Afrikaanse ouer wat ’n kleuter met ’n gesiggestremdheid het, se behoeftes gekyk is ten einde ’n gespesialiseerde, empiries gefundeerde ouerbegeleidingsprogram te ontwikkel nie. Hierdie studie het dus ten doel gehad om ’n begeleidingsprogram vir ouers van ’n kleuter met gesiggestremdheid te ontwikkel en die effektiwiteit daarvan te evalueer. Intervensienavorsing as toegepaste navorsing is hiervoor aangewend.<p[> ’n Tweefase-navorsingsbenadering is gebruik. Tydens fase een is van ’n kwalitatiewe benadering gebruik gemaak. Die volgende navorsingsvraag is tydens hierdie fase geformuleer: Watter behoeftes het die Suid-Afrikaanse ouer van ’n kleuter met gesiggestremdheid? : ’n Fokusgroepbespreking waar fokusgroepvrae benut is, is met 10 ouerpare deurloop ten einde die betekenis en interpretasie wat hulle aan hulle leefwêreld heg, te eksploreer. Hierdie data het, aanvullend tot die omvattende literatuurstudie wat onderneem is, inligting na vore gebring wat in die ouerbegeleidingsprogram gebruik is. Antwoorde op die navorsingsvraag kon dus gevind word. Die kwantitatiewe ontwerp wat tydens fase twee gevolg is, is die enkelstelselontwerp. Die volgende navorsingshipotese is tydens hierdie fase geformuleer: : Indien die ouers van ’n kleuter met gesiggestremdheid die ouerbegeleidingsprogram deurloop, sal hulle bemagtig word met kennis ten opsigte van hulle kind se spesifieke oogtoestand, die invloed daarvan op en hulle hantering van die betrokke kind, hulle huwelik en hulle gesin: . Die maatskaplikewerk-intervensieprogram wat ontwikkel is, bestaan uit ses groepwerksessies van ongeveer 60 minute elk wat met twee groepe van 10 ouers in totaal deurloop is. ’n Selfontwerpte vraelys is voor en na afloop van die program deur al 10 ouers voltooi. Hierdie meetinstrument het bostaande hipotese bevestig. Vergelykings is getref tussen die literatuur en die empiriese gegewens. Gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings vir toekomstige navorsing is na aanleiding van die studie geformuleer. ENGLISH: Families that are confronted with a toddler with a visual impairment have multiple needs that require a holistic approach in order to address this complex problem effectively. However, no research has been done yet that looks at the needs of the South African parent with a toddler with a visual impairment in order to develop a specialized, empirically grounded parental guiding programme. This study thus aimed at developing a guiding programme for parents with a toddler with a visual impairment and evaluating its effectiveness. Interventional research as applied research was utilised for this purpose. A two-phase research approach was used. During phase one a qualitative approach was used. The following research question was formulated during this phase: What are the needs of the South African parent with a toddler with a visual impairment? A focus-group discussion where focus-group questions were used was held with 10 parents in order to explore the meaning and interpretation that they attach to their daily world. These data, in addition to the wide-ranging literature study that had been undertaken, brought information to the fore that was used in the parental guiding programme. Answers to the research question could thus be found. The quantitative design that was followed during phase two was the single-system design. The following research hypothesis was formulated during this phase: If the parents of a toddler with a visual impairment follow the parental guiding programme, they will be empowered with knowledge with regard to their child’s specific eye condition, its influence on and their management of the child concerned, their marriage and their family. The social-work interventional programme that was developed consists of six group-work sessions of approximately 60 minutes each that were held for two groups of 10 parents in total. A self-designed questionnaire was completed by these 10 parents before and after the programme. This measuring instrument confirmed the above-mentioned hypothesis. Comparisons were made between literature and the empirical data. Conclusions and recommendations for future research were formulated following on this study. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Much of the current academic literature on the practice of homeschooling has revolved around the individual academic, social, and psychosocial outcomes of homeschooled youth. As such, the relational and systemic implications of homeschooling have been neglected in the current body of research, thus leaving the practice’s long-term outcomes on family and relational functionality up to heuristic assumption by homeschooling families and the general public. The current study sought to address this gap in the literature by introducing a family systems perspective to the assessment of homeschooling families and homeschooler’s relational functionality. Comparisons between homeschooled (<i>n</i> = 145) and non-homeschooled (<i>n</i> = 147) adults found that, after controlling for demographic differences, homeschooled adults reported that their families had higher levels of unbalanced Enmeshment and Rigidity, along with lower levels of unbalanced Disengagement, than non-homeschooled participants within the Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Functioning. Homeschoolers also displayed greater levels of Differentiation-of-Self in the domains of Emotional Reactivity and I-Position taking than non-homeschoolers. These results, however, were found to be closely connected to homeschooled participants’ reports of how many years they were homeschooled, the degree of structure in their homeschooling environment, as well as the strength of several different common rationales they believe motivated their family to choose to homeschool, with certain factors emerging as significant predictors of whether homeschoolers reported a more functional family environment and higher Differentiation-of-Self. The clinical and research implications, limitations, and future directions for studies of this kind, are discussed.

Este estudio cualitativo, de corte fenomenológico descriptivo, tiene como objetivo analizar el vínculo fraterno entre jóvenes con hermanos menores diagnosticados con el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Este estudio se desarrolló aplicando la técnica de la entrevista a profundidad a ocho jóvenes de 19 a 24 años. Se analizó la información recolectada a través de tres categorías propuestas por Czernikowksi, Matus y Moscona (2003), a) Supresión o Rivalidad, b) Unión o Conjunción y c) Disyunción o Separación. De acuerdo con los resultados, los entrevistados manifestaron sentimientos ambivalentes, es decir, que reflejan en el hermano con el diagnóstico, sentimientos relacionados con enojo, celos y rivalidad; así como también, de amor, cuidado y comprensión. Pues, identifican la reestructuración en la dinámica familiar, que ha empezado a girar en torno a sus hermanos; por lo que, afirman sentirse desplazados y distanciarse de ellos, suponiendo esta exclusión a manera de defensa. Asimismo, expresaron frustración por no contar con una dinámica familiar esperada; reconociendo que su rol demanda mayores responsabilidades que el de otros sistemas familiares; por lo cual, atravesaron un proceso de adaptación, donde percibieron su situación familiar como complicada. / This qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study aims to analyze the fraternal bond between young people with younger siblings diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study was developed by applying the in-depth interview technique to eight young people between 19 and 24 years old. The information collected was analyzed through three categories proposed by Czernikowksi, Matus and Moscona (2003), a) Suppression or Rivalry, b) Union or Conjunction and c) Disjunction or Separation. According to the results, the interviewees manifested ambivalent feelings, that is, they reflect on the brother with the diagnosis, feelings related to anger, jealousy and rivalry; as well as love, care and understanding. Well, they identify the restructuring in the family dynamics, which begins to revolve around their siblings; so, they claim to feel displaced and distance themselves from them, assuming this exclusion as a defense. They also expressed frustration at not having an expected family dynamic; recognizing that their role demands greater responsibilities than that of other family systems; Therefore, they went through an adaptation process, where they perceived their family situation as complicated. / Tesis