[pt] A pandemia do COVID-19 teve impactos sem precedentes em indivíduos e comunidades em todo o mundo. Uma questão de grande preocupação é o impacto da pandemia na saúde mental. O isolamento, o medo e a incerteza causados pelo vírus levaram ao aumento das taxas de ansiedade, depressão e outros problemas de saúde mental. As preocupações com o aumento da prevalência de distúrbios psicológicos já estão levando os países a incluir a saúde mental e o apoio psicossocial em seus planos de resposta à COVID-19, mas, apesar disso, permanecem grandes lacunas e preocupações. Os múltiplos estressores desencadeados pelo vírus, somados às graves interrupções nos serviços públicos, deixaram sérias lacunas no atendimento de quem mais precisa. Além do agravamento e generalização de condições de saúde mental pré-existentes, agora também há a necessidade de acomodar questões recém-desenvolvidas. Nosso objetivo é, portanto, investigar os principais motivos que levaram os pacientes do Serviço de Psicologia Aplicada da PUC-Rio a buscar tratamento psicológico antes (2019) e durante a pandemia (2020 e 2021). Através de uma análise lexical dos formulários de demanda psicológica, pretendemos rastrear as possíveis transições e agravos entre demandas psicológicas de adultos (artigo 1) e famílias (artigo 2) utilizando o software IRaMuTeQ e o método Reinert, que analisa qualitativa e quantitativamente as transcrições relatórios. Por meio desse recurso de análise, é possível começar a mapear e investigar as queixas subjetivas desses pacientes, sua evolução e suas correlações. / [en] The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented impacts on individuals and communities around the world. A matter of great concern is the impact of the pandemic on mental health. The isolation, fear and uncertainty caused by the virus has led to increased rates of anxiety, depression and other mental health issues. Concerns about the increasing prevalence of psychological disorders are already leading countries to include mental health and psychosocial support in their COVID-19 response plans, but despite this, major gaps and concerns remain. The multiple stressors triggered by the virus, in addition to the severe interruptions in public services, have left serious gaps in the care of those who need it most. In addition to the worsening and generalization of pre-existing mental health conditions, there is now also a need to accommodate newly developed issues. Our objective is therefore to investigate the main reasons that led patients from the Service of Applied Psychology at PUC-Rio to seek psychological treatment before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020 and 2021). Through a lexical analysis of the psychological demand forms, we intend to trace the possible transitions and aggravations between psychological demands of adults (article 1) and families (article 2) using the IRaMuTeQ software and the Reinert method, which qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes the transcribed reports. Through this analysis resource, it is possible to start mapping and investigating the subjective complaints of these patients, their development and their correlations.

Denna litteraturstudie undersöker hur socialt arbete kan arbeta främjande mot våld. Studien bygger på en systematisk genomgång av befintlig forskning och inkluderar artiklar från peer-reviewed tidskrifter, publicerade mellan 2003 och 2023. Urvalet inkluderade studier som fokuserar på barn från födsel till 12 års ålder, och som identifierar faktorer som kan leda till ökad risk för våldshandlingar senare i livet. Riskfaktorerna som identifierats innefattar bland annat exponering- och utsatthet för våld (psykiskt, fysiskt eller sexuellt), bristande uppfostringsstrategier, trotsigt beteende hos barnet, och utmaningar i emotionell reglering. Forskningen visar att dessa faktorer ofta samverkar, vilket försvårar separeringen av deras individuella effekter. Studien visar att det kan vara effektivt att rikta våldsförebyggande insatser mot högrisk familjer då hemmamiljön spelar stoll roll i huruvida barn blir våldsamma eller ej. Studien understryker vikten av tidiga interventioner och betonar att socialarbetare spelar en central roll i implementeringen av dessa. Resultaten indikerar att anknytningen till föräldrarna och vilken typ av beteende som barn exponeras för under uppväxten spelar stor roll för utvecklingen av det egna beteendet. / This literature review examines how social work can promote violence prevention. The study is based on a systematic review of existing research and includes articles from peer-reviewed journals, published between 2003 and 2023. The selection criteria focused on studies that examine children from birth to 12 years old and identify factors that may lead to an increased risk of violent behavior later in life. The identified risk factors include exposure to and victimization by violence (psychological, physical, or sexual), inadequate parenting strategies, defiant behavior in the child, and challenges in emotional regulation. Research shows that these factors often interact, making it difficult to separate their individual effects. The study indicates that targeting violence prevention efforts at high-risk families can be effective, as the home environment plays a crucial role in whether children become violent or not. The study emphasizes the importance of early interventions and highlights the central role of social workers in implementing these measures. The results indicate that attachment to parents and the types of behaviors children are exposed to during upbringing play a significant role in the development of their own behavior.

Text in Afrikaans / The problem that motivated the study was that siblings of children with cancer may experience the relationships within the family differently after cancer treatment. The purpose was to investigate and describe how family dynamics are experienced by the siblings of a cancer patient after his/her treatment for cancer. The research methodology includes qualitative research of an explorative and descriptive nature. Data were collected through unstructured interviews with siblings of children who had received treatment for cancer. From this data eight categories were identified accordingly. Although the data do not indicate that siblings experienced family dynamics after treatment as problematic, as expected, the information contributes by making parents of cancer patients more aware of the siblings' emotions and needs. / Social Work / M.Diac (Spelterapie)

Aquest estudi examina les relacions entre la dinàmica familiar, ajustament diàdic conjugal i vincle parental dels joves-adults drogoadictes i no drogoaddictes des del model sistèmic. Per aquesta raó, l’objectiu principal d’aquest estudi és per una banda, determinar si existeix diferències estadísticament significatives entre el grup experimental i el grup control quant a les variables a estudiar. I per l’altra, valorar la importància del paper de la família tant el camp de la prevenció com en el tractament de les drogodependències. Per fer-ho, s’ha utilitzat tres instruments: la FACES III d’Olson i col•l (1985) per mesurar la dinàmica familiar, la DAS de Spanier i col•l (1976) per avaluar l’ajustament diàdic conjugal i el PBI de Parker i col•l (1979) per avaluar el vincle parental. Els resultats indiquen existeix diferències estadísticament significatives entre el grup experimental i el grup control quant a dinàmica familiar. Concretament, la majoria dels joves-adults drogoaddictes perceben una dinàmica familiar estructuralment desvinculada, seguida per la rígidament desvinculada, que dins el model Circumplex d’Olson correspon al tipus de família extrema o moderada, respectivament. Quant al grup control, la majoria de joves-adults no drogoaddictes perceben una dinàmica familiar estructuralment separada, flexiblement separada o connectada; i dins del model Circumplex, correspon al tipus de família equilibrada. Quant a la percepció de l’ajustament diàdic conjugal, destacar que no s’han trobat diferències estadísticament significatives entre els pares i les mares del grup experimental com els pares i les mares del grup control. Finalment, quant al vincle parental, assenyalar que la majoria de joves-adults drogoaddictes perceben un vincle de control sense afecte contràriament als joves del grup control, dels quals la majoria perceben un vincle òptim tant al grup de mares com de pares. La conclusió final ha estat que aquest estudi demostra la importància del paper de la família tant en el camp de la prevenció com en el camp de la intervenció. / Este estudio examina las relaciones entre la dinámica familiar, ajustamiento diádico conyugal y vínculo parental de los jóvenes-adultos drogadictos y no drogadictos desde el modelo sistémico. Por esta razón, el objetivo principal de este estudio es por un lado, determinar si existe diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control con relación a las variables a estudiar. Y por otro lado, valorar a importancia del papel de la familia tanto en el campo de la prevención como en el tratamiento de las drogodependencias. Para llevarlo a cabo, se ha utilizado tres instrumentos: la FACES III de Olson y al. (1985) para medir la dinámica familiar, la DAS de Spanier y al. (1976) para medir el ajustamiento diádico conyugal y el PBI y at. (1979) para medir el vínculo parental. Los resultados indican que existe diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control en cuanto a dinámica familiar. Concretamente, la mayoría de los jóvenes-adultos drogadictos perciben una dinámica familiar estructuralmente desvinculada, seguida por la rígidamente desvinculada, que dentro del modelo Circumplejo de Olson corresponde al tipo de familia extrema o moderada, respectivamente. En cuanto al grupo control, la mayoría de jóvenes-adultos no drogadictos perciben una dinámica familiar estructuralmente separada, flexiblemente separada o conectada; y dentro del modelo Circumplejo, corresponde al tipo de familia equilibrada. Con relación al ajustamiento diádico conyugal, destacar que no se ha hallado diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los padres y las madres del grupo experimental como los padres y las madres del grupo control. Finalmente, en cuanto al vínculo parental, destacar que la mayoría de jóvenes-adultos drogadictos perciben un vínculo de control sin afecto contrariamente a los jóvenes-adultos del grupo control, que la mayoría perciben un vínculo óptimo tanto en el grupo de madres como de padres. La conclusión final que se ha llegado ha estado que este estudio demuestra la importancia del papel de la familia tanto en el campo de la prevención como en el campo de la intervención. / This study examines the relationship between family dynamics, dyadic marital adjustment, and parental bonding in young-adult drug addicts and non-drug addicts from a systemic model. In this sense, the main aim of this study is, on the one hand, to determine whether there are significant differences between the experimental group and the control group with regards to the variables to be studied; and, on the other hand, to assess the importance of the family role both in the field of prevention and in drug addiction treatments. Three measures have been used: FACES III by Olson et al. (1985) to assess family dynamics; DAS by Spanier et al. (1976) to assess dyadic marital adjustment; and PBI by Parker et al. (1979) to assess parental bonding. Results show that there are statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group as regards family dynamics. Particularly, most young-adult drug addicts perceive their family dynamics as structurally detached, followed by strictly detached, which in Olson's Circumplex model corresponds to the extreme or moderate family type, respectively. As for the control group, most young-adult non-drug addicts perceive their family dynamics as structurally separated, flexibly separated or connected; which, according to Olson's Circumplex model corresponds to the balanced family type. With regards to the perception of dyadic marital adjustment, there are no statistically significant differences between fathers and mothers in the experimental group, as in the case of fathers and mothers in the control group. Finally, concerning parental bonding, most young-adult drug addicts perceive their parental bonds as affectionless control, whereas the young subjects in the control group perceive theirs as optimum both in the group of mothers and in the group of fathers. The final conclusion is that this study shows the importance of the family role both in the field of prevention and in the field of intervention.

Text in Afrikaans / The problem that motivated the study was that siblings of children with cancer may experience the relationships within the family differently after cancer treatment. The purpose was to investigate and describe how family dynamics are experienced by the siblings of a cancer patient after his/her treatment for cancer. The research methodology includes qualitative research of an explorative and descriptive nature. Data were collected through unstructured interviews with siblings of children who had received treatment for cancer. From this data eight categories were identified accordingly. Although the data do not indicate that siblings experienced family dynamics after treatment as problematic, as expected, the information contributes by making parents of cancer patients more aware of the siblings' emotions and needs. / Social Work / M.Diac (Spelterapie)

Ce mémoire porte sur la deuxième génération issue de l’immigration, plus précisément sur ces Québécois dont les parents sont issus de l’immigration algérienne des années 90. Cette vague d’immigration offre un cadre légitime pour se pencher sur la deuxième génération, car les parents de ces Québécois ont immigré dans une temporalité et une géographie données, tout en provenant d’un même milieu social. Ce faisant, ces Québécois ont été socialisés à travers deux ensembles culturels, celui du Québec et celui de leurs parents. Ces deux ensembles peuvent sembler contradictoires ou en tension concernant les normes et les valeurs qui guident et encadrent la vie de ces derniers. Ce mémoire s’est donc intéressé à comprendre comment ces enfants, qui ont grandi au Québec, composent avec les attentes de leurs parents concernant le respect des valeurs et des traditions familiales et religieuses. Pour ce faire, nous allons explorer deux grandes thématiques. La première va se focaliser sur la relation de ces Québécois avec leur histoire familiale. La deuxième va se concentrer sur le positionnement de ces derniers vis-à-vis de différentes dynamiques familiales (école, religion et interdits). / This thesis investigates second-generation immigrants, more precisely the Quebecers whose parents are from Algerian immigration from the 90s. This wave of immigration offers a legitimate framework to examine the second generation, because the parents of these Quebecers immigrated in a given temporality and geography, while also coming from the same social background. Thus, these Quebecers were socialized through two cultural groups, that is, that of Quebec and that of their parents. These two groups may seem in contradiction or in tension regarding the social norms and values that guide and frame their lives. This thesis is therefore interested in understanding how this new generation, who grew up in Quebec, deal with their parents’ expectations regarding the respect of family and religious values and traditions. To do so, we will explore two main themes. The first one focuses on the relationship between these Quebecers and their family history. The second one focuses on the position held by these Quebecers regarding different family dynamics (school, religion, what is forbidden). / اخترت فى هذا البحث التحدث عن الجيل الثاني للهجرة من اصل جزائري في حقيقة الأمر سوف أحاول مناقشة بعض الامور التي تخص ابناء المهاجرين خلال فترة التسعينيات ‘’90’’هده الموجة من الهجرة المقننة تدفعنا الى الاهتمام بالجيل الثاني لهده الفئة وأعني بدلك أبناء الجيل الاول ومن البديهي والمعقول ان يكون اختلاف بين الاباء والابناء . عاشوا ظروفا مختلفة عن الابناء اللذين ازدادوا في (Québec)هدا الاختلاف يتجلى في بعض المجلات:جغرافيًا ،عادات و تقاليد وايضا الجانب الديني مما يجعلنا نلاحظ ان الجيل الثاني يعيش ثقافتين مختلفتين في نفس الوقت:الثقافة الجزائرية فى البيت بكل مكونتها الاجتماعية والدينية اضافة الى ما يعيشه الجيل الثاني في المجتمع الكبيكى وأقصد بدلك الشارع العام ،المدرسة و العمل ة،المناخ العام. فهدا الموضوع مركز على إبراز كيفية التعايش الجيل الثاني مع العادات ،التقاليد والتعامل الاجتماعية ،الثقافية والدينية داخل البيت وخارجه