In 2005 a public housing company in Uppsala, Sweden introduced the service quarter host. The focus on comfort (life quality in American programmes) is similar to the non-tolerance programmes. The idea of non-tolerance derived from the theory of Broken windows. The purpose is to examine how the service works according to the theories of Broken windows and social control. The aim is also to examine if the manifest and the latent functions are the same in different areas. Hosts from four different areas have been interviewed in a comparative case study. The result tells that the hosts practice according to the Broken windows model when they prevent damage to, or around the buildings by checking them. And to the non-tolerance when they are taking care of minor problems, defined by them. The manifest functions of the service are the same in all four areas. The latent functions are different related to the host’s apprehension of the people in the areas. How the manifest services are carried out influences the latent function. Social control cannot be excluded as a latent function. The resemblances with the more social administration in Gothenburg points out public housing in the direction of being social housing.

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Goal of the research is to analyze and evaluate the life quality of paraplegics. Object of research is life quality of paraplegics. Tasks of research: to evaluate the life quality of paraplegics according to age and physical activity; to evaluate the life quality of paraplegics according to level of medulla injury, duration of trauma; to analyze the expression of life quality components of paraplegics in gender aspect. There are numerous researches analyzing the quality of life, but we could not find any research analyzing the life quality of paraplegics. Research of such character would enable to better clarify factors having impact on life quality of paraplegics depending on gender, age, level of medulla injury, duration of medulla injury, physical activity. In order to evaluate life quality according to a standard, extensive scientific research is needed. Research was carried out in summer 2005 at the therapy and rehabilitation centre “Landšaftas” in Monsiškės, and in recreation centre “Balčio Šilas“. Research was conducted among 41 paraplegic: 29 men and 12 women. Quality of Life Questionnaire, 2001 was applied, and supplemented with questions from questionnaire of research on socialization of disabled by Williams (1994). Summarizing the obtained research results one can state that life quality of paraplegics of younger age (21-40 years) is better than that of aged paraplegics (41-60 years). After life quality evaluation according to level and duration of medulla injure... [to full text]

Tyrimo tikslas - atskleisti, kaip skirtingi tėvystės patirties aspektai (išoriniai ir vidiniai) yra susiję su vyrų gyvenimo kokybės pokyčiais pirmaisiais metais po kūdikio gimimo. Tyrime dalyvavo 170 vyrų auginančių kūdikius iki metų laiko, dalis tiriamųjų pašalinta iš analizės, todėl tyrimo analizė atlikta su 157 tiriamaisiais. Tiriamieji tyrimui atrinkti patogiosios atrankos būdu. Tyrimas atliktas Lietuvos mastu, kadangi anketos platintos per internetinius portalus tokius, kaip „supermama“, „mamų klubas“, „tavo mažylis“, „tindi rindi“, „facebook“ ir pan. Be internetinės apklausos surinkta ir keletas anketų raštu. Anketa sudaryta iš keleto klausimynų. Ją sudaro tokios dalys: demografiniai dalykai, motinos kompetencijos klausimynas, su sveikata susijusios gyvenimo kokybės pokyčių klausimynas, tėvystės kompetencijos klausimynas. Bendras klausimų skaičius anketoje – 86 klausimai. Atskiros dalys sudarytos iš skirtingo skaičiaus klausimų. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog vyrų gyvenimo kokybės pokyčiai pirmaisiais metais po kūdikio gimimo yra susiję su išoriniais, fiziniais, socialiniais ir materialiniais veiksniais tokiais kaip materialinės sąlygos kūdikio auginimui, socialinis partnerių palaikymas, kūdikio ramumas, partnerių pasiruošimas motinystei. Individualūs psichologiniai veiksniai (vyrų savo tėvystės įgūdžių vertinimas, tėvystės siekiamumas, pasiruošimas šiam vaidmeniui, įtampa susijusi su tėvyste) turi reikšmingas sąsajas su teigiamais su sveikata susijusios gyvenimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the research is to reveal how different parental experience aspects (external and internal) are related to the male life quality and its changes. There were 170 male participants in the research, parenting infants under 12 months age, due to the elimination of some respondents from the research, the research analysis was conducted with 157 respondents. The research respondents were selected by convenience sampling. The research was conducted on the local scale in Lithuania as the surveys were distributed by online portals such as „supermama“, „mamų klubas“, „tavo mažylis“, „tindi rindi“,„facebook“ etc. Besides the online survey, some surveys in a written form were collected. The survey consists of several questionnairies. It is formed of the following parts: demographics, mother competence questionnaire, the life quality changes in relation to health questionnaire, parenting sense of competence questionnaire. The total number of questions in the survey is 86. The seperate parts are formed from different number of questions. The research results demonstrated that men‘s life quality changes during the first year after the childbirth are related to external, physical, social and material aspects such as material conditions for the child raising, the support of social partners, the infant‘s calmness, the preparation of partners for the motherhood. Individual psychological factors ( men‘s self-evaluation of parental skills, the pursuit for parenting, the preparation... [to full text]

Background: According to current guidelines the cost of productivity loss should be considered in pharmacoeconomic analyses. The cost of health-related productivity loss in psoriasis patients is unknown. Objective: To estimate the cost of productivity loss in psoriasis and its association with health-related quality of life and clinical disease severity. Methods: Cross-sectional study, recruitment of adult participants through Internet advertisements. 201 (72.3%) out of 278 eligible participants completed the study. Health-related work productivity loss, quality of life and clinical severity of psoriasis were assessed by standardized instruments. Results: Indirect costs of productivity loss clearly exceed the total direct cost. In contrast to objective clinical disease severity, health-related quality of life (measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index) is an independent predictor of work productivity. Conclusions: There is good reason to believe that intervention can reduce health-related productivity loss by improving patients’ quality of life. Savings from increased work productivity might offset comparatively high acquisition costs of biological agents. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Background: Chronic plaque-type psoriasis is a major dermatosis, but a significant question is still unanswered: What defines severity in chronic plaque-type psoriasis? While objective assessments like the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) have frequently been used in clinical trials, quality of life (QOL) questionnaires are currently becoming more and more popular. Objective: This article summarizes the most important objective and subjective measurements of severity in psoriasis. For every dermatologist it is critically important to distinguish between severe psoriasis and psoriasis that severely affects QOL. Even if the PASI also has disadvantages, it is the most adequate instrument available to evaluate severity in plaque-type psoriasis. Result: We provide reasons why PASI >12 defines severe, PASI 7–12 moderate and PASI <7 mild chronic plaque-type psoriasis. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Pastarąjį dešimtmetį nustatyta, kad vitaminas D dalyvauja ne tik skeleto sistemos metaboliniuose procesuose, bet jo trūkumas siejamas ir su įvairiomis kitomis patologinėmis būsenomis, nes daugumoje organizmo ląstelių yra išsidėstę vitamino D receptoriai. Įvertinę šią vitamino D svarbą, epideminio pobūdžio jo trūkumą įvairiose šalyse bei tai, kad iki šiol panašaus pobūdžio mokslinių tyrimų mūsų šalyje neatlikta, nuspendėme įvertinti jaunų vyrų – Lietuvos kariuomenės šauktinių – vitamino D koncentracijos, kūno sandaros, endokrininės, psichologinės būklės ir gyvenimo kokybės rodiklių tarpusavio sąsajas. Daugumai tirtųjų nustatytas ženklus vitamino D trūkumas (95 proc. tyrimo pradžioje ir 96,7 proc. tyrimo pabaigoje). Tyrimo pabaigoje buvo nustatytas didesnis vitamino D trūkumas, kuris sąlygojo reikšmingą prieskydinių liaukų hormono koncentracijos padidėjimą, tačiau osteokalcino koncentracija reikšmingai nesikeitė. Taip pat nustatyta, kad didesnė vitamino D koncentracija teigiamai koreliuoja su didesne raumenų ir liesąja kūno mase, o tiems, kuriems nustatytas ryškus vitamino D trūkumas (≤10 ng/ml), būdinga mažesnė testosterono koncentracija. Be to, nustatyta, kad mažesnė vitamino D koncentracija sąlygoja depresiškumą–liūdesį ir įtampą–nerimą bei blogesnę psichologinę ir fizinę gyvenimo kokybę. Reikšmingų vitamino D koncentracijos ir pažintinių funkcijų tarpusavio ryšių bei sąsajų su tirtais stresiniais hormonais (kortizoliu, prolaktinu, tireotropiniu hormonu) nenustatyta. / Over the last decade it has been established that vitamin D is involved not only in the skeletal system metabolic processes, but its deficiency is associated with a variety of other pathological conditions, because vitamin D receptors are located in most of the body cells. Taking into consideration the importance of vitamin D, epidemic deficiency in different countries worlwide and the fact that similar studies in our country have not been performed yet, we evaluated vitamin D levels, body composition, endocrine, psychological status and quality of life in young men - Lithuanian army conscripts. Vitamin D deficiency was determined in the majority of the studied young men (95% at the beginning and 96.7% at the end of the study). There was a greater vitamin D deficiency determined at the end of the study, which conditioned a significant increase in parathyroid hormone concentration; however, there were no significant changes in the osteocalcin concentration observed. Vitamin D deficiency correlated with a smaller amount of lean body and muscle mass. A significantly smaller testosterone concentration was determined in the group of a lower vitamin D concentration (≤10 ng/mL). It was determined that a lower vitamin D concentration conditioned depression-sadness and tension-anxiety as well as psychological and physical life quality. No significant correlations between vitamin D concentration and cognitive functions, concentrations of cortisol, prolactin and thyreotropic hormone... [to full text]

Orientador: José Walter Canoas / Banca: Maria Ângela Rodrigues Alves de Andrade / Banca: Alfredo Argus / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa é discutir a importância da organização comunitária para a busca de melhor qualidade de vida, na cidade de Franca/SP. Para o estudo, foram escolhidos dois bairros: o Conjunto Habitacional Jardim Palma e o Parque Residencial Santa Maria, ambos construídos no final da década de oitenta e início da década de noventa. Período em que a cidade estava se expandindo, devido a grande concentração de pessoas na zona urbana, em decorrência do emprego nas indústrias calçadistas. Para abordar a qualidade de vida destes bairros, houve a necessidade de discutir, primeiramente, os significados do termo qualidade e qualidade de vida, fazendo uma relação com a concepção de desenvolvimento humano que norteiam parcialmente o cálculo dos Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), apontados pelo Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD), como instrumento de medição da qualidade de vida dos países. Utilizando algumas informações do IDH e do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH-M), realizou-se um estudo sobre as condições sócio-econômicas do Brasil e da cidade de Franca/SP, já que estas condições influenciam na vida cotidiana das pessoas nos bairros. A organização dos moradores surge como um mecanismo de resistência às questões sociais e de representatividade na luta pela garantia dos direitos humanos. Todo esforço deste trabalho, contempla a hipótese de que os índices criados quantitativamente para medir a qualidade de vida, não são capazes de abarcar a complexidade da vida humana em relação a sua qualidade e que esta qualidade tem maior facilidade e possibilidade de ser melhorada se os moradores estiverem politicamente organizados. / Abstract: The intention of this work is to discuss the importance of community organization in the search of a better quality of life in the city of Franca/SP. For the study two neighborhoods have been chosen: the Conjunto Habitacional Jardim Palma and the Parque Residencial Santa Maria, both were built at the end of the 1980 and beginning of the 1990. At this period the city was expanding due to the great concentration of people in the city pessoas promoted by the jobs at footwear industries. To deal with the life quality of these neighborhoods, there was the necessity of discussing, at first, the meaning of the terms quality and life quality, making a relation with the conception of human development that is taken in consideration when calculalting the Human Development Index (HDI), pointed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNPD), as the instrument of measurement of the quality of life in countries. Using some pieces of information from HDI and Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), a study was made on the social and economical conditions of Brazil and the city of Franca/SP, hence these conditions have na influence on people's everyday life on these neighborhoods. The resident's organization appears as a mechanism of resistence to the social questions and it also represents them at the fight for the human rights warranty. All this effort considers the hypothesis that the indices created to measure life quality are not capable of analyzing the complexity of human life in relation to its quality, and that this quality is easier and also more possible of being improved if the residents are politically organized. / Mestre

Orientador: Antonio Cezar Leal / Banca: Edson Luis Piroli / Banca: Salvador Carpi Júnior / Resumo: Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo principal de analisar a qualidade de vida, a qualidade ambiental e as transformações na paisagem da área urbana da Estância Turística de Presidente Epitácio, Estado de São Paulo (sede municipal e distrito Campinal) e contribuir com o planejamento ambiental urbano visando a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população. Foram realizados levantamento bibliográfico, coleta de dados e informações em órgãos públicos, trabalhos de campo, entrevistas, e foram aplicados 715 questionários com os moradores, sendo 691 questionários na área urbana de Presidente Epitácio e 24 no distrito Campinal. Na elaboração dos questionários, foram considerados indicadores quantitativos (condição socioeconômica, infraestrutura urbana e meios de consumo coletivo) e indicadores qualitativos (questões referentes à percepção da população). Para definir a quantidade de questionários a serem aplicados, foi realizado um cálculo estatístico para obter uma amostra que foi distribuída entre os diversos setores censitários, divisão territorial empregada pelo IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística) que permite promover informações mais detalhadas sobre cada área. Como resultados, identificou-se a partir da opinião da população e através dos indicadores selecionados para a análise, que a qualidade de vida na cidade e no distrito é considerada razoável, sendo identificados entre outros, problemas como desemprego, necessidade de melhorias na oferta dos serviços de saúde, de equipamentos públicos, de segurança, alagamentos em ruas, ausência de áreas de lazer e áreas verdes em bairros, deposição irregular de lixo na periferia e em outras áreas, ausência ou inadequada arborização e intensificação de problemas decorrentes da formação da represa da UHE ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research was performed with the main objective of analyzing life and environmental qualities and the transformations in the landscape of the urban area of the tourism resort of Presidente Epitácio, state of São Paulo (town headquarters and Campinal district) and to contribute with the environmental urban planning, aiming the improvement of life quality of the population. It was achieved bibliographic study, data collection and information in public bodies, field jobs, interviews and it was applied 715 questionnaires with the residents, which 691 of them were done in the urban area of Presidente Epitácio and 24 in Campinal. In the elaboration of the questionnaires, it was considered quantitative indicators (socioeconomic condition, urban infrastructure and ways of collective consumption) and qualitative indicators (issues about the perception of the population). To define the quantity of questionnaires to be applied, it was achieved a statistic calculation to obtain a sample that was given to several census sectors, territorial division used by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) that allows to promote further information about each area. As results, it was identified from the opinion of the population and the selected indicators to the analysis, that the quality of life in the town and in the district is considered reasonable, identifying among the others, problems such as unemployment, necessity of improvement in the offer of health services, public and security equipments, flooding in the streets, shortage of leisure and green areas, irregular deposition of trash in the suburb and in other areas, shortage or inadequate afforestation and intensification of problems coming from the dam formation of UHE ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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