Refugee children often experience social exclusion upon arrival in their new host countries. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) obligates States to ensure the social inclusion of all children, including refuges. While all but two countries have ratified the CRC, few have fully implemented it. In this thesis, I tested the hypothesis that the social inclusion of refugee children will be greater in a country that has more fully implemented the CRC (Sweden) than in a country where implementation is weaker (Canada). The results of a policy analysis supported the hypothesis. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of methods to measure the implementation of the CRC, as well as to our understanding of the relationships among human rights, domestic policy and children’s well-being.

Section 28(2) of the South African Constitution determines that every child has the right to have their best interests considered of paramount importance in all matters concerning them. Section 9 further provides that every person is considered equal before the law and has the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. Several grounds are listed relating to the unfair discrimination of persons, including their sexual orientation. The concept of care is incorporated in the Children's Act, and it entails a comprehensive description of parents' daily life regarding their children and the powers and duties expected to ensure the general protection, well–being and best interests of the child. The study aims to research the legal position when the sexual orientation of a parent is a considering factor in the granting of care, and the extent of which courts can give consideration to that factor. I commence by examining relevant national legislation relating to the concept of care and the best interests of the child standard in the Children's Act to establish how the sexual orientation of a parent is interpreted by courts in the granting of care. I then proceed to examine relevant international and regional documents to determine the relevant rights relating to the interests of children in the granting of care to a parent in divorce proceedings. I then proceed to analyse landmark cases to establish ways in which the approach of the courts regarding homosexuality have changed since the beginning of the new political dispensation in 1994. Finally a conclusion will be reached on the nature and scope of the consideration of a parent's sexual orientation in the granting of care in the South African context. / Thesis (LL.M. (Comparative Child Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

Refugee children often experience social exclusion upon arrival in their new host countries. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) obligates States to ensure the social inclusion of all children, including refuges. While all but two countries have ratified the CRC, few have fully implemented it. In this thesis, I tested the hypothesis that the social inclusion of refugee children will be greater in a country that has more fully implemented the CRC (Sweden) than in a country where implementation is weaker (Canada). The results of a policy analysis supported the hypothesis. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of methods to measure the implementation of the CRC, as well as to our understanding of the relationships among human rights, domestic policy and children’s well-being.

Section 28(2) of the South African Constitution determines that every child has the right to have their best interests considered of paramount importance in all matters concerning them. Section 9 further provides that every person is considered equal before the law and has the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. Several grounds are listed relating to the unfair discrimination of persons, including their sexual orientation. The concept of care is incorporated in the Children's Act, and it entails a comprehensive description of parents' daily life regarding their children and the powers and duties expected to ensure the general protection, well–being and best interests of the child. The study aims to research the legal position when the sexual orientation of a parent is a considering factor in the granting of care, and the extent of which courts can give consideration to that factor. I commence by examining relevant national legislation relating to the concept of care and the best interests of the child standard in the Children's Act to establish how the sexual orientation of a parent is interpreted by courts in the granting of care. I then proceed to examine relevant international and regional documents to determine the relevant rights relating to the interests of children in the granting of care to a parent in divorce proceedings. I then proceed to analyse landmark cases to establish ways in which the approach of the courts regarding homosexuality have changed since the beginning of the new political dispensation in 1994. Finally a conclusion will be reached on the nature and scope of the consideration of a parent's sexual orientation in the granting of care in the South African context. / Thesis (LL.M. (Comparative Child Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

The subject of the study - the problems of establishing size and form of child‘s mainte-nance. A child‘s right to maintenance is inalienable natural right, so parents‘s duty to maintain their children must be regarded as very important one. The purpose of this study is to reveal ac-tual problems of implementation of a child‘s right to maintainance setting the right size and form of maintenance and securing the problems of such a rendering of maintenance through ana-lysing doctrine, rules of interpretation formed by courts and acts of law. Author analyses the re-gulation of legal relations of the child‘s maintenance in Republic of Lithuania, states of Europe-an Union and qualifies the problems arising in practice of courts. The first chapter analyses the concetion of the child, the importance of the child‘s right to maintenance. The second chapter analyses the establishment of size and form of child‘s main-tenance, the replacement of the size and form of maintenance: overlooks the systems of establis-hment of size, analyses the criterions determining the size and form of maintenence, rules of in-terpretation and application formed by courts and arising problems. The third chapter analyses the importance of implementation of public interest in the process of establishing the child‘s maintenance, the role of the state establishing the maintenance, the size of the maintenance which is provided by the state, order and conditions. The main conceptions of the study – maintenance... [to full text]

Althoughitislegalized by law to adoptchildren by homosexualindividuals in the Czech Republic now, mainfocusofthechapters in this thesis dealswithadoptivechildrenofregisteredhomosexualcouples in the country. Exceptforothergoals, the thesis aimsatthistopicfromthe point oftheethic and morality as thesociety´svalues. Italsosets up a discussionaboutthefactthatthischanceisgiven to theindividuals but not thecouplesthatofficiallyvalidatetherelationship, whichshowsthatthey are not aware to admittheirorientation. The thesis takes in theaccount not only second and philosophic bibliografy, but it si alsosupported by the public discoursebeing in progress in media and online editorials. These ale alsoimportant to beconsideredwhilesolvingthissituation.

Submitted by Jamile Barbosa da Cruz (jamile.cruz@ucsal.br) on 2016-09-29T18:32:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - ELSJ VERSÃO FINAL REVISADA - 07-08-2015.pdf: 1964161 bytes, checksum: 65cac310b88df60e6f930d70afb57b0e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2016-11-25T21:16:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - ELSJ VERSÃO FINAL REVISADA - 07-08-2015.pdf: 1964161 bytes, checksum: 65cac310b88df60e6f930d70afb57b0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-25T21:16:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - ELSJ VERSÃO FINAL REVISADA - 07-08-2015.pdf: 1964161 bytes, checksum: 65cac310b88df60e6f930d70afb57b0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-12 / A pesquisa visa desenvolver uma abordagem analítica sobre o potencial da utilização dos recursos do Fundo dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente particularmente para o adolescente em circunstância de cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas restritivas de liberdade, destacando a sua importância para a garantia da política de proteção especial. O tema da política de proteção especial dos adolescentes em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas privativas de liberdade nas produções acadêmica e científica nacional, com ênfase na utilização do Fundo dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente, foi objeto desta dissertação. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória, na perspectiva de permitir um maior conhecimento sobre o assunto, pela via da documentação indireta (pesquisa documental e bibliográfica), analisando-se qualitativamente os dados coletados, o que tornou possível confirmar a viabilidade da implementação da política de atendimento por intermédio da utilização dos recursos contidos no Fundo dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente para os adolescentes em circunstância de cumprimento de medida socioeducativa restritiva de liberdade. / The research aims to develop an analytical approach to the potential use of Fund resources Rights of the Child and Adolescent particularly for adolescents in condition to comply with restrictive educational measures of freedom, highlighting its importance for ensuring the special protection policy. The subject of special protection policy for adolescents in fulfillment of private educational measures of freedom in academic and national scientific production, with emphasis on the use of the Rights of Children and Adolescents Fund, was the subject of this thesis. We conducted an exploratory research with a view to allow greater knowledge of the subject, by means of indirect documentation (documentary and bibliographic research), analyzing qualitative data collected, which made it possible to confirm the feasibility of implementing the policy service through the use of resources contained in the Fund for the Rights of Children and Adolescents for teens on condition of compliance with restrictive socio measure of freedom.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_lb_me_assis.pdf: 330831 bytes, checksum: d07aa925d577ea8291d57806ee6974cc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa refere-se a um estudo sobre a questão das políticas públicas na área da infância e juventude, referenciado no Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente e no Conselho Tutelar do município de Assis/SP. O objetivo principal foi a análise destes órgãos enquanto mecanismos de controle social, gestão, implantação e fiscalização de políticas públicas. Com vistas a atingir esse objetivo, inicialmente fizemos um recorte da história do atendimento à crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, amparados pela bibliografia, bem como pelas normativas legais na área da infância e adolescência, traçando um percurso desde a condição de “não-ser” da criança à noção de “sujeito de direitos”, bem como a contextualização de outras categorias conceituais relacionadas ao nosso objeto de estudo, imprescindíveis para o seu entendimento. Para coleta de dados utilizamos a Observação (das reuniões do Conselho), Análise de Fontes Documentais (atas e demais documentos do órgão) e Entrevistas (com os Conselheiros com mandato vigente à época da coleta e outros já desligados da função). O material colhido, via entrevistas, foi organizado e analisado com base na Análise de Conteúdo, na perspectiva de Laurence Bardin. A discussão dos dados foi permeada pela revisão da bibliografia e da legislação referente ao tema, procurando contextualizar a questão das políticas públicas para a infância e juventude dentro de um processo de construção social, histórico e cultural, e uma tentativa de apreensão dos Conselhos de Direitos e Tutelares enquanto instâncias atravessadas por forças institucionais, sociais e políticas. Resultados confirmam estudos... / This research relates to a study on the issue of political public in the area of children and Youth, identified in City Council Rights of the Child and Adolescent Council and the Tutelar Council in the City of Assis. The main objective was to analyze these bodies as mechanisms of social control, management, implementation and monitoring of policies public. In order to achieve this goal, initially made a cut of history of care for children and adolescents in Brazil, supported by bibliography as well as the laws in the field of childhood and adolescence, tracing a path from a “non-being of the child the notion of subject of rights and the background of other conceptual categories related to our object of study, essential for your understanding. To collect data used to Note (of the meetings of the Council), Analysis of documentary sources (minutes and other documents of the organ) and interviews (with the advisers with current mandate at the time of collection and others have turned off the light). The material collected through interviews, was organized and analyzed based on Content analysis, in view of Laurence Bardin. The discussion of Data was permeated by reviewing the literature and legislation relating to theme, looking contextualize the issue of public policy for childhood and youth in a process of social construction, historical and cultural, and an attempt to seize the Councils of Rights and Guardiansh while instances forces crossed by institutional, social and political. Results confirm previous studies that, as advocates for the legislation who created them, recognize the Councils... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

No description available.

Os primeiros Conselhos de Direitos da Criança e Adolescente foram criados há vinte e cinco anos como instâncias paritárias, em que representantes do Estado e da sociedade civil deliberariam a respeito da elaboração e concretização de políticas públicas para o segmento. Indispensável a esta concretização foi a previsão legal de fonte especifica de financiamento, por meio da criação de Fundos Especiais. Apesar disso, o Conselho de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente de São Paulo CMDCA SP, criado em 1990, ainda hoje vem enfrentando dificuldades, tanto no que diz respeito à captação, como quanto à aplicação do recurso público. Buscando compreender tais obstáculos, o presente trabalho partiu de um referencial teórico que fosse capaz de contextualizar o surgimento do CMDCA - SP no processo de redemocratização brasileira, bem como sua atuação nas etapas da política pública para crianças de adolescentes no município. Esta atuação do CMDCA SP foi analisada à luz de diversas variáveis estudadas por pesquisadores que se debruçaram sobre o papel dos conselhos de políticas públicas. Dentre estes autores, foram particularmente considerados : Abers e Keck(2008), Almeida e Cunha (2011), Avritzer (2007), Dagnino (2004), Faria e Ribeiro (2011), Lavalle e outros (2006), Sá e Silva (2011), Tatagiba (2007), Vaz (2010), Wampler (2010). As variáveis que orientaram a pesquisa de campo foram: a) Desenho Institucional, b) Variável política e contextual, c) Trajetória da política pública, d) Características institucionais, e) Características dos atores, f) Representação e representatividade. Eleitas as variáveis, foram identificados os diversos atores no campo da política pública para crianças e adolescentes e foi apurada a estrutura e funcionamento do CMDCA SP, bem como sua relação com a administração municipal. Foram detalhados os fluxos de trabalho referentes ao financiamento da política pública e a percepção dos atores em relação às diversas questões nas diversas etapas. Emergem daí falhas estruturais, problemas na representação dos conselheiros, falta de transparência na divulgação de informações e uma possível inversão de papeis na definição das políticas públicas. Identificados os problemas, vislumbram-se caminhos para que o CMDCA - SP, utilizando o poderoso instrumento que tem para viabilizar as ações, assuma seu papel na formulação e implementação das políticas em benefício de crianças e adolescentes do município de São Paulo / The first Councils for the rights of the Child and the Adolescent (Conselhos de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente) were created twenty-five years ago as peer instances, in which representatives of the State and of the civil society would deliberate on the development and concretion of public policies for the area. Imperative to this concretion was the legal provision of specific funding sources, by the creation of the Special Funds (Fundos Especiais). Nevertheless the Council for the rights of the Child and the Adolescent in São Paulo (CMDCA-SP), created in 1990, still faces difficulties today, both regarding the fund-raising and the use of public funds. In an attempt to understand such obstacles, this research departed from a theoretical background capable of contextualizing the creation of the CMDCA-SP in São Paulo in the Brazilian re-democratization process, as well as its role in the different phases of the public policy for children and adolescents in the municipality. This performance of the CMDCA was analyzed in light of several variables studied by researchers who have studied the role of public policy Concils. Among such researchers were particulary considered: Abers e Keck(2008), Almeida e Cunha (2011), Avritzer (2007), Dagnino (2004), Faria e Ribeiro (2011), Lavalle e outros (2006), Sá e Silva (2011), Tatagiba (2007), Vaz (2010), Wampler (2010). The variables that guided the field research were: a) Institutional design, b) Political and Contextual variable, c) Public policy trajectory, d) Institutional characteristics, e) features of the players and f) Representation. After the selection of the variables, several players acting on the child and adolescent public policy field were identified and structure and operation of the CMDCA was investigated, as well as its relationship with the municipal administration. It was also analyzed the work flow concerning the public policy financing and the perception of the players regarding several questions in the different phases. The analysis has identified structural flaws, issues in the representation of the counselors, lack of transparency in disclosing information and a potential role reversal in the definition of public policies. Upon the identification of these main issues, one can devise potential alternatives for the CMDCA-SP to, using the potential tool in its power, assume its role in the development and implementation of public policies on the benefit of children and adolescents in São Paulo Municipality