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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
151

Qualidade ambiental urbana em cidades médias : proposta de modelo de avaliação para o Estado de São Paulo /

Martinelli, Patrícia. January 2004 (has links)
Orientador: Roberto Braga / Banca: Pompeu Figueiredo de Carvalho / Banca: Paulo de Martino Jannuzzi / Resumo: O planejamento com bases puramente economicistas mostrou-se ineficaz para solucionar problemas gerados pelo crescimento. A partir dos anos 1970, devido à desconcentração do crescimento, a degradação ambiental acentuou-se nas cidades médias brasileiras. O presente trabalho busca criar um instrumento de gestão territorial, através de indicadores de fontes estatísticas oficiais para o meio ambiente urbano. Busca-se, deste modo, possibilitar a comparação da Qualidade Ambiental Urbana em municípios de porte médio. A proposta de avaliação deve servir como base comparativa para políticas públicas. / Abstract: The economic planning has been ineffective to solve problems generated by the growth. Since the decade of 1970, due to the desconcentração of the growth, the environmental degradation increased in the Brazilian medium cities. The present work search to create an instrument of territorial administration, through indicators of official statistical sources for the urban environment. It is looked for, this way, to make possible the comparison of the Urban Environmental Quality in medium sized cities. The evaluation proposal should serve as comparative base for public politics. / Mestre
152

Aplicação da metodologia Geo Cidades nas áreas de planejamento 2 e 5 da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com suporte no geoprocessamento. / Application of Geo Cities methodology in planning areas 2 and 5 of the city of Rio de Janeiro, ith support of Gis

Rodrigo Silva da Conceição 11 January 2008 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação se insere na temática ambiental através de uma abordagem geográfica das Áreas de Planejamento APs 2 e 5 da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, localizada na zona costeira, e caracterizada por uma diferenciação de áreas, considerando tanto os aspectos físicos como a apropriação do espaço pelo homem. Considera-se que a produção do espaço urbano na cidade condiciona vetores de pressão sobre o meio ambiente, exigindo a formulação e apropriação de metodologias adequadas a uma avaliação ambiental integrada do meio urbano costeiro, em uma perspectiva espacial. A metodologia do projeto GEO Cidades oferece uma visão integrada de indicadores sociais e ambientais associados à denominada matriz PEIR (Pressão, Estado, Impacto e Resposta). O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na elaboração de um diagnóstico urbano-ambiental das APs 2 e 5 da cidade com base na avaliação da aplicação da metodologia GEO Cidades e estruturação de uma base e banco de dados, promovendo a visão integrada de políticas públicas associadas ao gerenciamento costeiro, com ênfase para o Plano Municipal de Gerenciamento Costeiro (PMGC) e seus instrumentos, aliado ao Plano Diretor da cidade. A operacionalização englobou a seleção de indicadores subordinados aos vetores de ocupação do território e uso do solo. Mapas temáticos foram gerados com auxílio do programa Arcview, a partir de dados dos censos de 1991 e 2000 do IBGE, assim como assinaturas e monitorias ambientais realizadas com o programa Vista-SAGA/UFRJ, utilizando-se bases de informações de uso do solo de 1992 e 2001, além da modelagem de um banco de dados de orlas distintas no programa Vicon-SAGA, a partir da caracterização promovida pelos Planos de Intervenção da orla marítima. Em relação ao ciclo PEIR os resultados expressam que as tendências de expansão urbana e concentração demográfica observadas nas APs, bem como mudanças no uso do solo, evidenciam percentuais diferenciados da relação entre áreas naturais e antropizadas na cidade. A AP 2, apesar da estagnação de crescimento populacional em quase toda a sua extensão, conta com áreas de saturação urbana em locais valorizados, além de áreas de ocupação irregular em crescimento; os impactos são amenizados através de ações de cunho corretivo, em sua maioria. Na AP 5 as significativas alterações ambientais ocorrentes, inclusive em estratos de ocupação desordenada, representam um desafio para o ordenamento territorial; a ocupação de áreas ainda sem uso deve ser orientada, evitando o uso e ocupação inadequados do solo que causam impactos ambientais. O PMGC deve corresponder a produtos de gestão e monitoramento da zona costeira, e dessa forma, a modelagem da base e banco de dados RJ/APs 2 e 5 possibilitou a utilização de um instrumento potencialmente indicado para a geração de produtos e monitoramento espacial, afim de contribuir metodologicamente a futuras ações envolvendo o Sistema de Informações do Gerenciamento Costeiro / RJ, e subsidiando propostas de planejamento ambiental em áreas da zona costeira.
153

Estatuto da cidade e a questão da conservação ambiental no municipio de Colinas do Tocantins - TO

Ferreira, Marisete Tavares 30 July 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:55:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marisete Tavares.pdf: 1934712 bytes, checksum: 4a56c2ae102444a78b921e2acc1b685c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The advent of the City Statute, Law No 10.257, of July 10, legitimizes the municipalities to adopt measures with the distribution of the burden and socio-territorial benefit from the urbanization process. Thus, the city, the fruit of collective work of a company shall be treated as a socially constructed space and the urban and environmental complexity inherent in it. And to minimize the problems common to this it is the Government and civil society seek to promote the welfare and environmental impacts through proposals for a sustainable city, since the aforementioned statute seeks to regulate the conduct of human populations, imposing control rules for the use of urban space in favor of the collective good, safety and welfare of the citizen to enable environmental sustainability. In order to study the City Statute, with regard to environmental issues in the municipality of Colinas do Tocantins, with emphasis on legal instruments dealing with the issue, analyzing the legal text for an interpretation by the doctrine that addresses the subject by checking whether it can be considered as an instrument to facilitate environmental conservation, and if there are obstacles in its implementation in the municipality under study. Besides the documentary literature was also conducted field research using the application of a questionnaire for the urban population living in the municipality. The study revealed that somehow there is application of the Statute in the municipality at the time that it already has a Master Plan, an important tool for urban and environmental policy brought by the City Statute. The Master Plano f the City of Hills (Municipal Law No 960/2006) was published in 2006, and as field research in the form of a questionnaire conducted in the urban area, he realized that there was little participation of civil in their development, much of population is not aware of it, which could be an obstacle in its application / O advento do Estatuto da Cidade, Lei n. 10.257, de 10 de julho de 2001, legitima os municípios a adotarem medidas com a distribuição do ônus e benefício sócio-territorial oriundos do processo de urbanização. Assim, a cidade, fruto do trabalho coletivo de uma sociedade, passa a ser tratada como um espaço construído socialmente e com a complexidade urbanística e ambiental nela inerente. E que para minimizar os problemas comuns a esta, cabe ao Poder Público e à sociedade civil, procurar promover o bem-estar social e ambiental através de propostas para uma cidade sustentável, uma vez que o aludido Estatuto busca regular as condutas das populações humanas, impondo regras de controle de utilização do espaço urbano em prol do bem coletivo, da segurança e do bem-estar do cidadão possibilitando a sustentabilidade ambiental. Com o intuito de estudar o Estatuto da Cidade, no que se refere à questão ambiental no município de Colinas do Tocantins, dando ênfase aos instrumentos jurídicos que tratam da questão, foi feita análise do texto legal buscando uma interpretação junto à doutrina que trata do assunto, verificando se o mesmo pode ser considerado como instrumento facilitador da conservação ambiental, bem como se existem entraves na sua aplicação no município em estudo. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica documental, foi realizada também pesquisa de campo utilizando-se da aplicação de um questionário para a população urbana residente no município. O estudo revelou que de certa forma existe aplicação do Estatuto no município, no momento em que o mesmo já tem um Plano Diretor, importante instrumento de política urbana e ambiental trazido pelo Estatuto da Cidade. O Plano Diretor do Município de Colinas (Lei Municipal n. 960/2006) foi publicado em 2006, e conforme pesquisa de campo, na forma de questionário, realizada na zona urbana do município, percebeu-se que houve pouca participação da sociedade civil na sua elaboração, % da população não tem conhecimento do mesmo, o que poderá ser um entrave na sua aplicação. Palavras chave:
154

Meio ambiente urbano e desigualdades socio-espaciais : trajetorias de um estudo de caso (Lagoa de Parangaba - Fortaleza - CE)

Queiroz Filho, Antonio Carlos 18 March 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Arleude Bortolozzi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 QueirozFilho_AntonioCarlos_M.pdf: 5990113 bytes, checksum: 496a4b26f24ee1ab48ef52ca338012eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O espaço urbano, como produto e ao mesmo tempo condição do modo de produção capitalista, tem na sua constituição um processo que acentua cada vez mais as desigualdades sócio-ambientais. Atualmente no município de Fortaleza-CE, ocorre de forma indiscriminada a ocupação de suas lagoas. Essa situação evidencia uma expansão urbana excludente, não para o modelo capitalista, porque é justamente diante de conjunturas como essa que ele se reproduz e "obriga" tais comunidades a ocupar essas parcelas da cidade. O objeto desta pesquisa localiza-se na comunidade ribeirinha de Parangaba, a qual está situada no bairro onde se encontra a maior lagoa urbana da cidade. Assim sendo, os objetivos desta pesquisa visam oferecer através de seus questionamentos e reflexões, o conhecimento da realidade sócio-ambiental da área e também a compreensão das dinâmicas e contradições inerentes à produção do referido espaço urbano. Deste modo, constata-se a relação direta entre as desigualdades sócioespaciais e a degradação ambiental do lugar, diante dos padrões que fazem reproduzir a cidade. A metodologia fundamentou-se em uma análise qualitativa que teve por categorias a "totalidade" (SANTOS, 1985) e, por conseguinte, a "complexidade" (MORIN, 1990; PRIGOGINE & STENGERS, c1984) dos processos. A análise utilizou-se de uma perspectiva de integração de diferentes saberes para uma compreensão da totalidade, que subentende o diálogo perene entre todos os aspectos envolvidos, sejam eles físico-naturais, econômicos, políticos e culturais a fim de buscar uma prática sócioespacial transformadora. Portanto, além das reflexões sobre as contradições ali manifestadas ou não, também oferece, como parte do produto final da pesquisa, a produção de um vídeo sobre a realidade sócio-ambiental como uma forma de retorno à comunidade / Abstract: The urban space as a product and condition of the capitalist way of producing has in it's formation a process that increases the socio-environmental inequalities. Nowadays, in Fortaleza city Ceará state, lagoons are been indiscriminately occupied. This situation shows an exclude urban expansion but not in the view of capitalism, because this system reproduces itself in this kind of situations and force such communities to occupy these parts of the city. The research took place at the riverside community, which is located near one of the biggest urban lake of the city. The aim of this research is to provide through discussions and reflections the knowledge of the socio-environmental reality of the area in question and also the comprehension of the dynamics and contradictions that are intrinsic in the formation of the urban space. That way, the direct relation between the socio-spatial inequalities and the environment degradation can be seen front the patterns that reproduce the city. The methodology used was a qualitative analysis based on the "totality" (SANTOS, 1985) and "complexity" (MORIN, 1990; PRIGOGINE & STENGERS, c1984) of the processes. The analysis made use of a perspective based on the integration of different knowledge to form a comprehension of totality that contains the everlasting dialog between all aspects involved, being them physical-natural, economical, political and cultural in an attempt of finding a transforming socio-spatial practice. Therefore, besides the reflections about contradictions manifested or not this research also offers a video about the socioenvironmental reality in return to the community / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia
155

Friluftsliv i stadsmiljö

Thorbjörnsson, Joel, Vasquez, Henric January 2015 (has links)
Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka ifall det är möjligt att bedriva undervisning i friluftsliv enligt Skolverkets kursplaner på ordinarie lektionstid i ämnet idrott och hälsa på högstadieskolor i urban miljö. För att undersöka detta har ett lektionsupplägg planerats och genomförts i form av en interventionsstudie för att sedan utvärderas med hjälp av aktionsforskning och fokusgruppintervju. Frågeställningarna som undersökningen sökt svar på är ifall det är möjligt att arbeta med friluftsliv på ordinarie lektionstid, samt ifall skolans direkta närmiljö är tillräcklig för att bedriva undervisning inom friluftsliv enligt kursplanernas krav, eller om det krävs att man lämnar den urbana miljön.Empirin som samlats in har analyserats och diskuterats utifrån tre lärandeteorier vilka ligger till grund för utomhuspedagogiken. Sociokulturellt perspektiv, konstruktivistiskt perspektiv samt variationsteori är de teorier som använts vid såväl planering av interventionsstudien som vid analysen av huruvida kursplanens delar om friluftsliv behandlats tillräckligt väl. Studien är av kvalitativ art och eftersom undersökningen endast är gjord med en klass i årskurs nio och enbart på en skola så är det inte möjligt att generalisera resultaten så att de blir allmänt giltiga. Detta är heller inte studiens avsikt, vilken istället är att utvärdera ifall ett tänkt lektionsupplägg fungerar vad gäller att minimera de hinder som idrottslärare och skolledare ofta anser att undervisning i friluftsliv innebär inom ämnet idrott och hälsa på högstadieskolor. På detta vis hoppas vi dels erhålla egna kunskaper som är användbara i yrket som idrottslärare och dels väcka intresse för frågan och öppna för vidare forskning. De hinder vi önskar minimera är ekonomiska begränsningar, brist på tid samt brist på lämplig undervisningsmiljö i skolans direkta närhet. De resultat som presenteras visar på möjligheten att bedriva friluftsliv med små medel både vad gäller tid och ekonomi samt att det går att genomföra i skolans direkta närmiljö. Det är till stor del synen på vad friluftsliv är, såväl hos idrottsläraren som hos eleverna som avgör hur undervisningen kan utformas och genomföras. / The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether it’s possible to teach friluftsliv according to the curricula at regular class time in physical education in secondary schools in urban environments. To investigate this, a lesson structure was planned and implemented in the form of an intervention study and then evaluated using action research and focus group interviews. The questions that the study sought to answer are whether it is possible to work with friluftsliv at regular class time, and if the school's immediate local environment is sufficient to pursue teaching in outdoor activities according to curriculum requirements, or required to leave the urban environment. The empirical data collected has been analyzed and discussed based on three learning theories which underpin outdoor education. Sociocultural perspective, constructivist perspective and variation theory are the theories used in the planning of the intervention study and the analysis of whether the curriculum elements of friluftsliv were treated well enough.The study is qualitative in nature and because the investigation is made with only one ninth grade, and at just one school, it is not possible to generalize the results so that they are broadly valid. This is however not the intention of the study, which is to evaluate whether our hypothetical lessons works in terms of minimizing the barriers that physical education teachers and school leaders often believe that teaching friluftsliv involves in physical education in secondary schools. In this way, we hope to both obtain own skills that are useful in our profession as a physical education teachers and also arouse interest in the issue and open for further research. The barriers we wish to minimize are the financial constraints, the lack of time and the lack of suitable teaching environment in the school's immediate vicinity. The results presented demonstrate the ability to engage in friluftsliv with limited resources in terms of time and finances, and that it’s possible to implement in the school's immediate vicinity. It is largely the perception of what friluftsliv is both among physical education teachers and in students that determine how instruction can be designed and implemented.
156

REACTIVATING INNER-CITY MAIN STREETS

JOHN, JACLYN NICOLE 07 July 2003 (has links)
No description available.
157

Does biophilic design have a positive impact on the human brain : A systematic review

Holm, Sandra, Knudsen, Linnea January 2024 (has links)
Access to nature has been shown to positively impact human health and well-being, reducing stress, anxiety, and depression while increasing relaxation. The Biophilia hypothesis suggests that even brief interactions with natural settings can have beneficial effects, emphasizing the evolutionary importance of our connection with nature and its potential as a tool for health promotion. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the brain activity during indirect and direct exposure to nature and urban environments. The search was done in Web of Science and MEDLINE EBSCO and 8 articles were identified to fulfill the inclusion criteria, based on,among others, the neuroimaging technique and mode of exposure to nature stimuli. Exposure to nature increases alpha power in the brain, with studies showing increased activity in variousregions such as the left and right prefrontal cortex. Additionally, specific brain regions, like the right orbitofrontal cortex and the right prefrontal cortex, exhibit lower oxy-Hb concentrations when viewing nature compared to urban environments. In sum, exposure to nature elicits changes in brain activity, particularly in alpha wave patterns and oxy-Hb concentrations. The findings support the integration of nature into urban design, highlighting its potential tobenefit public health and well-being, though further research is needed to explore long-term effects and potential applications in healthcare.
158

Oceanic grounds, architecture, the evental and the in-between : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design

Yates, Amanda January 2009 (has links)
Exploring spatio-temporal flux within architecture, this thesis presents design-based research on the temporal environments of Oceania and Western evental theory. Oceanic thought and Western theories of the event share commonalities, both holding that space and time are inseparable dimensions. This spatio-temporal concept challenges Western philosophical and architectural doxa that privilege stasis over temporal flux, and offers a mode by which to introduce alterity into architectural discourse. I move over these cultural and philosophical grounds in order to explicate and further develop a personal design practice that is of this place and time for, while there is a body of writing that documents Oceanic built environments, there is less research that considers how these may be constituted and communicated through contemporary architectural design. The thesis posits two temporalised environments apparent within Oceanic spatial thought and practice – the shifting and extensive oceanscape, and the telluric groundscape that makes space; and describes two resultant spatial typologies – an oceanspace which is characterised by openness and mobility, and a groundspace which is both surface and space. These contentions are tested and theorised through three architectural experiments developed between 1999 and 2005: the Sounds House, which operates as an open and mutable spatial field; the Ground House, which forms monumental “interiors” that emerge from and relate to the earth; and Tokatea, which blends these two spatialities, fabricating a temporalised environment in between the momentary and the monumental, between interior and exterior. In presenting and discussing these speculative spaces, this thesis moves between architecture and academia, Oceania and the West, the ephemeral and the enduring, and the inside and the outside, with the aim of destabilising architecture’s discursive ground, causing its hermetic boundaries to become temporalised and fluid.
159

Surface built : making the New Zealand home : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Design in Spatial Design at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Ford, Laura January 2010 (has links)
The potential for prefabrication has been sidelined by the process of the design>build>do-it-yourself model of building, maintaining and updating houses in New Zealand. Working from an industrial design perspective this research charts the possibility of a shift in home construction from site building towards factory-manufacture. Mindful of New Zealand’s creative, do-it-yourself heritage and personal rituals of homemaking, this study explores domestic ritual and the iterative nature of amateur home alterations. Just as we have the right to alter our own body’s surfaces so too should the homeowner have the ability to alter the surfaces and services they own and with which they interact. Flanked by the design-to-manufacture model promoted by industrial design and the emphasis on inhabiting and rearranging the home from spatial design a hybrid notion of housing design and production is put forward. Suggesting a product that deals affordably with the home’s surfaces and services, within the customs of daily and seasonal acts of maintenance in the home, offers an area of prefabrication that seems attainable for New Zealand interior.
160

An infrastructure of interaction : complexity theory and the space of movement in the urban street : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Design at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Reynolds, Helen January 2008 (has links)
This study uses complexity theory to examine the space of the street. In a morpho-ecological city, process creates form just as form creates process. The process of movement is a critical form generator within the urban system. In this thesis, the urban system comprising streets/ car/pedestrian is examined. If this collection of urban modes of mobility is a complex system capable of selforganising behaviour, what effect does the ordering imposed by traffic engineering have on this system? I look at the driving body and the walking body as co-creating the city by their movement through urban space. I suggest that, through attention to the fragments of interactions enacted during these movements, we can, through design, allow for the emergence of selforganising behaviour. Urban shared streets, descendants of the ‘woonerf’, appear to function more efficiently than engineered streets, without the usual traffic ordering. The counterintuitive success of these streets implies a self-organising behaviour that is generated by the density of interaction between the inhabitants of the street. These designs potentially work as a change agent, a catalyst, operating within a complex system. This has the potential to move systems from one attractor state to another. A city built with these spaces becomes a city of enfilades; an open system of spaces that are adaptable to uses that fluctuate with time and avoid thickening the palimpsest of traffic engineering. I look at siting shared streets in Wellington, based on jaywalking, a transgressive use of the streetspace that prefigures a shared space, and changes to urban networks associated with such designs. Interaction within the city is a creative force with a structure. City design needs to consider and address this infrastructure and design for it. The infrastructure of interaction has been subsumed by the infrastructure of movement. Shared streets indicate there may not be a need for this – they can be integrated. The process of movement creates instances of interaction; therefore designing spaces of/for movement must be designed to enhance the infrastructure of interaction. The result of such interaction is not just somewhat better; it may be a phase change - catalytically better .

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