I ett flertal teorier inom fältet vuxnas lärande, liksom i dokument i specifika skolformer inom svensk vuxenutbildning, ges begreppet reflektion en frontposition i relation till lärande. Begreppet är dock problematiskt i att det har flera olika innebörder som inte nödvändigtvis harmonierar med varandra. Vidare saknar skolformer i utbildningssystemet didaktiska riktlinjer för utformningen av undervisning. Ett spänningsfält kan skönjas här, mellan å ena sidan explicita krav på reflektion i dokument med bäring på specifika skolformers verksamhet, och å andra sidan teoretisk och didaktisk oklarhet kring begreppet reflektion.     Syftet med uppsatsen är att identifiera folkhögskollärares beskrivningar av hur de utformar undervisning för deltagares reflektion. Den kvalitativa metodansatsen är tematisk analys och det empiriska datamaterialet består av intervjuer med sex folkhögskollärare.     Resultaten av analysen gestaltas i fem övergripande teman av beskrivningar: samtal utformas som perspektivvidgning och återkoppling både i det fysiska och virtuella klassrummet; skrivande utformas via chatt eller för hand genom dikt- och brevskrivande eller som textframställningar i linje med olika skrivgenrer. Dessutom som formuleringar i punkt- eller verbform, som skrivstafett eller som reflektion utifrån givna frågor och uppgifter; frågor utformas dels med öppna frågor som inleds med Vad, Hur, Varför, Vilka och Var och dels som ja/nej-frågor; samspel utformas i helgrupp, i smågrupper eller enskilt med läraren; intryck utformas med textbaserade och visuellt baserade material, auditivt och audiovisuellt material, dofter och gemensamma upplevelser. / In several theories within the field of Adult learning, as well as in specific documents in Swedish Adult education, reflection is given a front position in relation to students’ learning. However, the concept of reflection is problematic in that it has various meanings that do not necessarily harmonize. Furthermore, school forms in the educational system lack guidelines for the design of teaching. A conflict can be discerned here. A conflict between, on the one hand, explicit demands on reflection in documents relevant to specific school forms, and, on the other hand, a lack of clarity concerning the theory and design of reflection in teaching. The aim of this paper is to identify Folk High School teachers’ descriptions of how they design teaching to facilitate their students’ reflection. The qualitative method is thematic analysis and the empirical material consists of interviews with six Folk High School teachers. The results of the analysis are illustrated in five overall themes of descriptions; discussion is designed as broadening of perspectives and feedback in the virtual, as well as physical class room; writing is designed as online chat or by hand, with poetry and letter writing or as texts of various genres. In addition/moreover, as expressions in point- or verb form, as “writing relay” or as reflection based on given questions or assignments; questions are partly designed open-ended, beginning with What, How, Why, Who, and Where, and partly as yes-no questions; interaction is designed plenary, in small groups, or individually with the teacher; impressions are designed with text-based and visually-based materials, auditory and audiovisual materials, fragrances, and shared experiences.

Tidigare studier av kvinnoblivandet är få till antalet, utdaterade eller primärt kvantitativa och har framförallt fokuserat på marginaliserade kvinnogrupper eller studerat kvinnoblivandet med en patologisk ansats. Till min vetskap saknas kunskap om upplevelsen av kvinnoblivandet i normalgruppen. Studien syftade därför till att undersöka den upplevda erfarenheten av kvinnoblivandet idag i normalgruppen unga kvinnor i Sverige. Tio individuella, halvstrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnor (nio med kvinnligt biologiskt kön, en med manligt biologiskt kön) i åldrarna 19-22 (medel = 19,8 år), genomfördes och analyserades genom tematisk innehållsanalys med fenomenologisk ansats. Analysen resulterade i fyra teman: Blivandet, Kroppen, Känslorna och Kvinnligheten. I resultatet redogjordes för kvinnoblivandet som en komplex, aktiv process bestående av flera överlappande utvecklingsspår: psykologiskt, biologiskt, emotionellt och socialt. Individuella förutsättningar och erfarenheter (ex. biologiskt kön och uppväxtförhållanden), såväl som sociokulturella faktorer (ex. genusnormer), är av betydelse för kvinnoblivandets innehåll och för hur det upplevs. Vidare kunde konstateras att den nuvarande samhällsuppfattningen om likavärde, nedtonande av könets betydelse och förstärkande av egenvärdet har en särskilt betydande inverkan på upplevelsen av kvinnoblivandet. Kvinnoblivandet handlar främst om att utifrån egna behov och intressen forma sin tillvaro och identitet. I studien visades även att socialt stöd och könsmässig frihet bidrar till psykiskt välmående under kvinnoblivandet. / Previous studies of the transition to womanhood are few, outdated or primarily quantitative, mainly focused on marginalized groups or studied with a pathological approach. To my knowledge, the transition to womanhood in Swedish women of the majority culture has not yet been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the lived experience of the transition to womanhood of the majority culture in Sweden. Ten individual, semi-structured interviews with women (nine with female sex, one with male sex) between the ages of 19-22 (mean = 19.8 years) were conducted and analyzed by thematic content analysis with a phenomenological approach. The analysis resulted in four themes: The transition, The body, The feelings and The womanhood. The findings revealed the transition to womanhood as a complex, active process consisting of several interacting developmental areas. Individual conditions, background experiences and sociocultural factors are of importance for what the transition contains, and how it is perceived. The current social perception of equality, gender-neutrality and the importance of self-worth, have a major impact on the experience of the transition to womanhood. The transition is primarily about shaping life and identity according to one's own needs and interests. This study also showed that social support and gender freedom contributes to well-being during the transition to womanhood.

This study focuses on analysing Mexican children’s representations of death inasmuch as children are perceived as social actors that have an active role in constructing and giving meaning to social reality. The importance of analysing children’s representations about death is that it provides an opportunity to know how children give meaning to a notion that intersects with personal experiences, emotions, religious beliefs, and a sociocultural context. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse, visually and verbally, the ways in which children - from 8 to 9 years of age - in a Mexican primary school represent their understanding of death through their drawings and their oral descriptions of them, which may unveil their opinions on the subject. The research material consists of the drawings and interviews of primary school children in Mexico. The girls and boys, who were in third grade, were selected from a school population based on a convenience sampling (Bryman 2016, p.187). The method of analysis is a combination of thematic analysis and Rose’s visual discourse analysis I. The main findings are that the participants represented their understanding of death in terms of realistic, fantastic and afterlife narratives according to their experiences. Most of the participants’ visions of death were represented with archetypal symbols of death, such as death personified. Contrary, the representations of the few participants who had a personal loss were realistic, except for one of them. In this sense, children’s representations of death draw on discourses imbued in visual media, religion, morality, and culture. Children's emotions about death varied according to their experiences, although most participants said that they do not fear death. Regarding life after death, most participants recognize a duality between body and soul. While the body dies, the soul lives and the place where the soul goes was perceived mainly in moralistic terms.

A pesquisa reflete sobre as tendências temáticas curriculares do campo da Ciência da Informação (CI), evidenciadas pela análise das linhas de pesquisa e dos planos de ensino das disciplinas dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação do Brasil. As temáticas são tratadas quanto às categorias visualizadas nos títulos e nas ementas das linhas de pesquisa e nas disciplinas que compuseram os currículos dos Programas reconhecidos pela CAPES em 2004. O contexto da pesquisa em Ciência da Informação apresenta o panorama atual dos Programas de Pós-Graduação da área, além dos espaços acadêmicos e institucionais que refletem e produzem conhecimentos em CI. O referencial teórico está fundamentado na literatura sobre a constituição do campo da Ciência da Informação, com suas interfaces, além da estrutura e documentos da pós-graduação da área no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório quanti-qualitativo, subdividido em duas etapas, utilizando como metodologia a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam, em relação às linhas de pesquisa, que a pós-graduação em CI está voltada para três vertentes temáticas: da gestão, da organização e da transferência da informação. Em geral, a organização das linhas dos Programas parece pertinente às tendências investigativas de pesquisa da área, dentro da perspectiva sistêmica da CI, e próxima do Paradigma Social da Informação. Verificam-se interfaces entre a CI e a Administração, a Comunicação, a Ciência da Computação e a Sociologia, e também que a CI continua vinculada a disciplinas tradicionais e técnicas de tratamento do fenômeno informacional, como a Biblioteconomia e a Documentação. Da análise das disciplinas, conclui-se que as temáticas também coincidem, em parte, com a visão de sistema da CI. As tendências apontam para os temas do acesso e uso da informação, dos enfoques culturais e sociais do objeto informacional, além da gestão da informação e do conhecimento no âmbito das Ciências Sociais. A distribuição equilibrada das disciplinas entre as temáticas evidencia o enfoque sistêmico da CI, mas pode significar também dispersão de temáticas, dificultando a formação de um núcleo de assuntos nas disciplinas norteadoras das linhas de pesquisa, que demarquem e delimitem as fronteiras da Ciência da Informação. / The research reflects about curricular thematic of Science Information (SCI) field, evidenced by the analysis of the Research Lines and educational Plans of disciplines at the Brazilian Science Information Post-Graduated. The thematics has been treated related to the categories visualized in the headings and summaries of Research Lines Disciplines, which has composed the curriculum of Programs recognized by CAPES at 2004. The context of the research in SCI presents the Post-Graduated Programs, beyond the academic and institutional spaces that reflect and produce knowledge in SCI. The theoretical referee is based on literature about the SCI field constitution, its interfaces, beyond the structure and documents of post-graduation in Brazil. It is an exploratory study, divided in two stages, using as methodology the technique of content analysis. The results have pointed, in relation to the Research Lines, that the SCI Post-Graduation presents three thematic sources: management, organization, and transference. In general, the Lines organization seems pertinent to the investigative trends of research, inside of SCI global perspective, and the approach of Social Information Paradigm. The research has identified interfaces between SCI and Administration, Communication, Computer Science and Sociology, and also with the traditional techniques and treatment of information phenomenon, Library Information Science and Documentation. The disciplines analysis concludes that the thematic also coincided, in part, with the SCI vision of system. The thematic trends have pointed the subjects of information access and use, cultural and social approaches of the informational phenomena, beyond the management and the knowledge in Social Sciences perspectives. The equitative distribution discipline between the thematic evidences the global approach of SCI, but can also means thematic dispersion, difficulting to concentrate subjects between disciplines and research lines, to delimit the borders of Science Information.

Background: Within Primary Dental Care (PDC), there is variation in dentists’ views about who should be treated in general dental practices and who should be referred to community dental services (CDSs), creating confusion about where patients can access dental care. Aims: This research aimed to explore the meanings which general dental practitioners (GDPs) and community dentists in England ascribe to their roles. It focused on why they make, accept or decline patient referrals within PDC. Methods: I conducted a configurative systematic review of literature about referrals within PDC in the UK. Data were synthesised using Critical Interpretive Synthesis. I interviewed ten GDPs and twelve community dentists working in England, covering topics informed by the systematic review. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: Synthesising the literature showed that referral decisions were influenced by non-clinical factors including policies, financial contracts and dentists’ perceptions and values. Authors rarely reported directly from the perspective of primary care dentists. The interview study findings showed that the business of dentistry defined GDPs’ roles. Obscure rules and complex care systems underpinned community dentists’ roles. Participants depicted vulnerable people within ‘no man’s land’, situated between GDPs and community dentists. Vulnerable people included frail, older people, anxious and socially excluded adults, and children with high levels of disease. I identified three typologies of dentists. ‘Entrepreneurs’ felt no allegiance to the NHS and no obligation to treat vulnerable patients. ‘Altruistic carers’ cared for complex, deserving patients, rather than vulnerable patients. ‘Pragmatic carers’ accommodated some vulnerable patients but felt constrained from doing so by structural barriers. Conclusions: This study adds to our understanding of why dentists make, accept or decline referrals within PDC in England. It suggests that failure to resolve structural barriers or to consider dentists’ values will hinder attempts to reduce inequalities in access to PDC in England.

This thesis was in collaboration with Saab AB Aeronautics and aimed to investigate the information requirements at Saab AB, and then to write at least one software specification for something that could facilitate planning and/or evaluation of flight missions. Today, different support systems are used at Saab AB to help with planning and evaluation of flight missions. The most commonly used is the Mission Support System, but systems external to Saab AB such as applications for tablets are also used. Through semi-structured interviews and an analysis of the interviews based on the Grounded Theory approach several ideas for what could be done to facilitate planning and/or evaluation emerged. Two ideas were looked closer at; a statistical overview over missions implemented in the Mission Support System and an integration of an external program called SkyDemon and the Mission Support System. The statistical conclusions could help with getting an easier overview over one or several missions, which facilitates evaluation and how to forward information about the mission. To integrate SkyDemon with the MSS is something that tries to fulfill the wishes about accessibility and having everything at the same place, making the planning of missions run easier and faster.

A pesquisa reflete sobre as tendências temáticas curriculares do campo da Ciência da Informação (CI), evidenciadas pela análise das linhas de pesquisa e dos planos de ensino das disciplinas dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação do Brasil. As temáticas são tratadas quanto às categorias visualizadas nos títulos e nas ementas das linhas de pesquisa e nas disciplinas que compuseram os currículos dos Programas reconhecidos pela CAPES em 2004. O contexto da pesquisa em Ciência da Informação apresenta o panorama atual dos Programas de Pós-Graduação da área, além dos espaços acadêmicos e institucionais que refletem e produzem conhecimentos em CI. O referencial teórico está fundamentado na literatura sobre a constituição do campo da Ciência da Informação, com suas interfaces, além da estrutura e documentos da pós-graduação da área no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório quanti-qualitativo, subdividido em duas etapas, utilizando como metodologia a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam, em relação às linhas de pesquisa, que a pós-graduação em CI está voltada para três vertentes temáticas: da gestão, da organização e da transferência da informação. Em geral, a organização das linhas dos Programas parece pertinente às tendências investigativas de pesquisa da área, dentro da perspectiva sistêmica da CI, e próxima do Paradigma Social da Informação. Verificam-se interfaces entre a CI e a Administração, a Comunicação, a Ciência da Computação e a Sociologia, e também que a CI continua vinculada a disciplinas tradicionais e técnicas de tratamento do fenômeno informacional, como a Biblioteconomia e a Documentação. Da análise das disciplinas, conclui-se que as temáticas também coincidem, em parte, com a visão de sistema da CI. As tendências apontam para os temas do acesso e uso da informação, dos enfoques culturais e sociais do objeto informacional, além da gestão da informação e do conhecimento no âmbito das Ciências Sociais. A distribuição equilibrada das disciplinas entre as temáticas evidencia o enfoque sistêmico da CI, mas pode significar também dispersão de temáticas, dificultando a formação de um núcleo de assuntos nas disciplinas norteadoras das linhas de pesquisa, que demarquem e delimitem as fronteiras da Ciência da Informação. / The research reflects about curricular thematic of Science Information (SCI) field, evidenced by the analysis of the Research Lines and educational Plans of disciplines at the Brazilian Science Information Post-Graduated. The thematics has been treated related to the categories visualized in the headings and summaries of Research Lines Disciplines, which has composed the curriculum of Programs recognized by CAPES at 2004. The context of the research in SCI presents the Post-Graduated Programs, beyond the academic and institutional spaces that reflect and produce knowledge in SCI. The theoretical referee is based on literature about the SCI field constitution, its interfaces, beyond the structure and documents of post-graduation in Brazil. It is an exploratory study, divided in two stages, using as methodology the technique of content analysis. The results have pointed, in relation to the Research Lines, that the SCI Post-Graduation presents three thematic sources: management, organization, and transference. In general, the Lines organization seems pertinent to the investigative trends of research, inside of SCI global perspective, and the approach of Social Information Paradigm. The research has identified interfaces between SCI and Administration, Communication, Computer Science and Sociology, and also with the traditional techniques and treatment of information phenomenon, Library Information Science and Documentation. The disciplines analysis concludes that the thematic also coincided, in part, with the SCI vision of system. The thematic trends have pointed the subjects of information access and use, cultural and social approaches of the informational phenomena, beyond the management and the knowledge in Social Sciences perspectives. The equitative distribution discipline between the thematic evidences the global approach of SCI, but can also means thematic dispersion, difficulting to concentrate subjects between disciplines and research lines, to delimit the borders of Science Information.

A pesquisa reflete sobre as tendências temáticas curriculares do campo da Ciência da Informação (CI), evidenciadas pela análise das linhas de pesquisa e dos planos de ensino das disciplinas dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação do Brasil. As temáticas são tratadas quanto às categorias visualizadas nos títulos e nas ementas das linhas de pesquisa e nas disciplinas que compuseram os currículos dos Programas reconhecidos pela CAPES em 2004. O contexto da pesquisa em Ciência da Informação apresenta o panorama atual dos Programas de Pós-Graduação da área, além dos espaços acadêmicos e institucionais que refletem e produzem conhecimentos em CI. O referencial teórico está fundamentado na literatura sobre a constituição do campo da Ciência da Informação, com suas interfaces, além da estrutura e documentos da pós-graduação da área no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório quanti-qualitativo, subdividido em duas etapas, utilizando como metodologia a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam, em relação às linhas de pesquisa, que a pós-graduação em CI está voltada para três vertentes temáticas: da gestão, da organização e da transferência da informação. Em geral, a organização das linhas dos Programas parece pertinente às tendências investigativas de pesquisa da área, dentro da perspectiva sistêmica da CI, e próxima do Paradigma Social da Informação. Verificam-se interfaces entre a CI e a Administração, a Comunicação, a Ciência da Computação e a Sociologia, e também que a CI continua vinculada a disciplinas tradicionais e técnicas de tratamento do fenômeno informacional, como a Biblioteconomia e a Documentação. Da análise das disciplinas, conclui-se que as temáticas também coincidem, em parte, com a visão de sistema da CI. As tendências apontam para os temas do acesso e uso da informação, dos enfoques culturais e sociais do objeto informacional, além da gestão da informação e do conhecimento no âmbito das Ciências Sociais. A distribuição equilibrada das disciplinas entre as temáticas evidencia o enfoque sistêmico da CI, mas pode significar também dispersão de temáticas, dificultando a formação de um núcleo de assuntos nas disciplinas norteadoras das linhas de pesquisa, que demarquem e delimitem as fronteiras da Ciência da Informação. / The research reflects about curricular thematic of Science Information (SCI) field, evidenced by the analysis of the Research Lines and educational Plans of disciplines at the Brazilian Science Information Post-Graduated. The thematics has been treated related to the categories visualized in the headings and summaries of Research Lines Disciplines, which has composed the curriculum of Programs recognized by CAPES at 2004. The context of the research in SCI presents the Post-Graduated Programs, beyond the academic and institutional spaces that reflect and produce knowledge in SCI. The theoretical referee is based on literature about the SCI field constitution, its interfaces, beyond the structure and documents of post-graduation in Brazil. It is an exploratory study, divided in two stages, using as methodology the technique of content analysis. The results have pointed, in relation to the Research Lines, that the SCI Post-Graduation presents three thematic sources: management, organization, and transference. In general, the Lines organization seems pertinent to the investigative trends of research, inside of SCI global perspective, and the approach of Social Information Paradigm. The research has identified interfaces between SCI and Administration, Communication, Computer Science and Sociology, and also with the traditional techniques and treatment of information phenomenon, Library Information Science and Documentation. The disciplines analysis concludes that the thematic also coincided, in part, with the SCI vision of system. The thematic trends have pointed the subjects of information access and use, cultural and social approaches of the informational phenomena, beyond the management and the knowledge in Social Sciences perspectives. The equitative distribution discipline between the thematic evidences the global approach of SCI, but can also means thematic dispersion, difficulting to concentrate subjects between disciplines and research lines, to delimit the borders of Science Information.

No description available.

Although interventions that take an individualized, holistic approach to service delivery have been recommended for homeless youth, few such interventions have been described in the literature. This study sought to examine a unique, multi-faceted, community-based intervention developed in 2009 in Tampa, FL to provide services to homeless adolescents who are no longer living in the custody of a parent or guardian (i.e. unaccompanied youth). The intervention, titled Starting Right, Now (SRN), has served over 100 youth to date. The program provides residential, educational, recreational, and professional development services, as well as mental and physical health care. Each youth also receives a trained mentor who is in frequent contact with the youth. Other individualized services are provided as needed. Although SRN has been in existence for six years, the program has only been evaluated using measures such as changes in GPA, absentee rates, etc. In the current study, individual interviews with nine program participants who had been in SRN for at least one year were analyzed to explore how the youth themselves perceived that their lives had been impacted. Thematic analysis of interviews provided an opportunity to examine common themes among participants. Results showed that despite encountering some challenges, participants perceived that they had been lifted to higher educational and personal levels through obtainment of resources; adult and peer support systems; renewed trust in adults; increased hope; improved mental health; and a heightened sense of community. Practical implications for practice and research are discussed.