Denna studie undersöker frågan om vem som anses vara turisten, d v s, vem turist subjektet är, hur denna föreställs i turismstudier och turismnäringen, samt varför. Intresse för denna fråga väcktes av personliga erfarenheter. Det har att göra med hur jag inte fick samma uppmärksamhet som andra svenska turister både när jag turistade i mitt eget land (Turkiet) och även när jag turistade i Sverige handlar om varför jag inte ansågs vara turist och behandlades annorlunda. Varför och vad är de bakomliggande aspekter som urskiljer mig från svenskar (västerlänningar) som turist subjekt? Det är detta som föranledde huvudfrågan för denna uppsats: vem är eller anses vara en turist? Ytterligare en anledning till varför jag valde att undersöka frågan är att jag ville veta huruvida “invandrare” i Värmland uppfattas som turist subjekt eller inte. Råder samma föreställning om turist subjektet även i Värmland? I anknytning till denna fundering ställde jag också frågor till ”invandrare” i Värmland om de ser sig själva som turister eller inte och vilka faktorer som påverkar det. Vidare ville jag också undersöka huruvida föreställningen om turist subjektet färgar vilka som anses vara målgrupper inom turismnäringen i Värmland, samt hur kommer detta till uttryck i bland annat broschyrer, planeringsdokument och destinationsutveckling av turistorter. Arbetets tonvikt kommer att läggas på vem eller vilka anses vara turister och vem eller vilka som turistar i Värmland.

The purpose of this study was to investigate inbound China tourists¡¦ motivation, to research attitude and purchase intention on medical beauty tourism from China, and to build a predictive model of influencing factors to participative medical beauty tourism in Taiwan. This research adopted journal reviewing, data collection and deep interviewing. The subjects were China¡¦s tourists who have the need of receiving medical beauty tourism. A self-structured questionnaire was used to gather information. Survey data will be analyzed through statistical methods to explore the demographic variables of consumers, the medical knowledge of beauty, consumer characteristics, the purchase decision-making, and consumer behavior differences between single-factor analysis of variables. The main research findings stated below¡G 1. Medical tourism industry was an emerging one in Asian countries, Taiwan medical beauty business is primming to the main trends, especially aimed at the customers from mainland China market. 2. The core competence of Taiwan medical beauty business showed the strength in traditional culture, high-level medical technique, and service quality supply. 3. The main strategic outputs are: eliminating negative factors through effective policy transformation, upgrading the service packages to satisfy customer¡¦s needs, cutting down expenditure through co-management, creating the segmenting culture differences among nearby countries. 4. Positioning whole complementary measures, providing new business model, setting-up more inclusive framework and system, constructing the managing objectives through legal developing processes, focusing on customer-driven considerations. Paving medical beauty tourism business new niches to relative business and bring opportunity to practitioners. The main suggestion of research would be stated as followings: 1. Taiwan medical tourism industry should be clarified in positioning strategy in order toaggregate the integrated resources to boom; 2. It should develop the industry development criteria rooted in managerial strategic factors; 3. The government should start smart adjustment in administrative process to support the industry to development; 4. It could be stated firmly that the medical beauty business would be leading category for medical tourism industry development; 5. It would reveal equal considerations for strategic alliance in cross-business links and business links; This study help us to find out the value and innovation in medical cosmetic business model.

Chichin District of Kaohsiung City not only embraces the harbor coastal space of natural water coast resources, but also owns rich human historic sites, delicious seafood cuisine, etc. To most of the local residents or tourists, the district all along has tremendous tourist charm. In order to attract more tourists to visit this district and meet the residents¡¦ eager requests for recreation, in recent years Kaohsiung municipal government has been positively developing diversified tourist facilities and items in this district in expectation for promotion of people¡¦s satisfaction on the overall tourist recreational experience. Therefore, a deep understanding of the residents¡¦ or tourists¡¦ satisfaction, extent of recognition and background difference towards the tourism development of the district is an important subject when taking options in the keenly competitive tourist environment in future. And this investigation can also provide a reference for the relevant departments to plan for their future direction and to review their work for improvement. This research mainly investigates from three aspects: ¡§community conscious-ness,¡¨ ¡§recognition towards the impact of tourism development¡¨ and ¡§participation attitude and environmental residential experience,¡¨ etc. of the Chichin residents of Kaohsiung. In studying the Kaohsiung municipal government¡¦s urging for tourism development of Chichin District, the research meanwhile gives an understanding on the residents¡¦ concentration of community consciousness, their attitude towards the development of tourism and their residential experience, etc. The results of the research can also provide more appropriate strategies for the Kaohsiung municipal government in positioning the future tourism development of Chichin District of Kaohsiung City by using the effective resources. The results of the research show that over the ¡§analysis on residents¡¦ participation attitude and environmental residential experience,¡¨ the residents currently residing in this district mostly gave such reasons for their residence as ¡§residing here generation after generation,¡¨ ¡§friends and relatives mostly living in this district¡¨ and ¡§relationship of work,¡¨ etc. The ratio of these factors is 75.2% of the tested samples. In this way, the researcher can interpret the situation that among these residents, being different from those of other districts, there established tight kinship and friendship. And they are helpful to the concentration of community consciousness. At the same time we can learn from the results of the research that there is an obvious correlation between ¡§sex,¡¨ ¡§residing alley¡¨ in the attributes of the residents¡¦ basic background, and ¡§high or low group of social consciousness,¡¨ and ¡§high or low group of recognition of tourism development impact¡¨ respectively. After analysis on the results of this research, it is suggested that the actions that the relevant administrative departments should take are: 1.¡§Reserve of resources,¡¨ including the confirmation for establishment of a system for tourism attraction in Chichin District of Kaohsiung City, a unification of the things and rights of management so as to avoid excessive development, etc. 2. ¡§Community development,¡¨ an effective use of the properties of the generally high community consciousness among the residents of Chichin, and a maintenance of high extent of concentration through the assistance by the third department. Finally, this research also mentions that if the angle is changed by taking the experience and recognition of residents as a reference for planning the development of the district, then perhaps the optimal effects can be acquired from development.

The tourism industry is growing fast in the recent years. Every place is looking up on tourism and expect it to bring benefits for local developments; and the metropolitan areas are not exceptions. This research focus on the strategy of developing tourism in the metro-area. Although the metropolitan -area may not have significant amount of nature attractions, it has the advantage of being the ¡§gate¡¨ of all sorts of transportations. People have to pass through the metropolitan area in order to arrive their destination. Thus, the strategy of how to use this advantage and cooperate with the surrounding areas is essential. In this research, we call the above described metropolitan area the ¡§Metropolitan Tourist Gateway.¡¨ Also, we use the term ¡§Metropolitan Tourist Gateway Economy¡¨ to express the total product of the metropolitan tourism. The researcher uses TOWS matrix and three successful cases as the foundation of the tourist gateway strategies of Kaohsiung city; then use Delphi to generalize strategies from experts¡¦ opinions. In the end, the author concludes this research into six aspects and fourteen recommendations.

According to the statistical information of WTO, Japan is an important outbound tourist market in Asia. By the way, it owns high consumption. Therefore, the Japan tourist is the important tourist market which all states want to strive for. Since 1980, Accounts for the total number of the foreigner to mainland China that Japanese occupies most. So far, the number of the Japan tourist travel to mainland China is growing. The reasons include that the outbound tourist in Japan has a massive increase; Recently, the Japanese is interest in a short itinerary; the number of scheduled flight between mainland China and Japan is unceasingly increases; rich world inheritance in mainland China has the high well-known; the price index in mainland China is lower; Japanese has more vacation than before; Chinese and Japan's historical culture approaches very much. If the mainland China wants to increase Japanese tourists, the author suggests that the quality of tourist service and facilities has to upgrade¡Fto attract the tourism market of juvenile and the feminine.

Abstract Festivals in local tourist activities are short-term and intensive, high frequency change, those characteristics also make the sponsors and tourists communicated more urgent. Taiwanese leisure time significantly increase since the two-day weekend policy, the tourism demand had up to 80%. Therefore, the trend of Taiwan's tourism and leisure industry has getting into a new style of integrated local economic need and resource to satisfied people requirements. A new trend is integrated local resource, increased the visibility and attraction of city. Taiwan International Orchid Show is the successful campaign which has bring a lot of benefits to the local government (Tainan County),it is a great successful marketing case study of local tourist festival. The two main topics of this study are howto use proper communication channel and placement marketing in this festival. The study based on Taiwan International Orchid Show as a case study, took Participant Observation for three years, Semi-structured Interviews with programmer of this projects and assisted with Secondary Data Analysis. Aiming to make suggestionsabout Integrated Marketing Communication and placementmarketing in local tourist festivals. The study found the team of Taiwan International Orchid Show used marketing methods include: (a) effectively usingintegration of communication methods to make the greatest achievement. (b) Creating the brand loyalty and high standing ofthis festival. (c) Integrating both national and local communication channels. (d) The strategy of marketing plan has been practiced completely to reach highly exposure. (e) PR strategy practicing is properly and suitable controlled by high-level team leader. In the content of marketing communication includes (a) the relevance of personal, (b) thetransference of role, (c) the information transmission (d) the implementation of immersive. In marketing strategy and tools include: (a) a correct market positioning, and well and properly used the communication tools and messages delivery (b) Expanding industry alliance, and creating a new marketing model,(c) integration promote with operating. The suggestion for local tourist festival¡¦s marketing strategy towards to: (a) Effectively using operations team which come from media to achieve marketing goal and make a higher mediaexposure, (b) media placement is a good tool for festivalcampaign, but should consider the public benefits. (c) Properlyusing un-limited creation to make campaign success.(d) Festival marketing plan should be developed a long term strategy. Key word: 2005 Taiwan International Orchid Show¡BTourist Festival activities¡BIntegrated Marketing Communication¡BPlacement Marketing

It today's global world we live in the media have started to examine businesses more and more. In addition consumers are expecting more from products, because they are well informed. This means that companies need to market themselves effectively, to convince and get across their message to their customers. Marketing is an extensive process in which different factors must be taken into account. A company must know what the coustomer needs in order to get through to them. In addition for a company to ensure long-term survival in the market and be profitable, they must know their strategy. With the help of strategic planning, companies manages to achieve their overall goals. The purpose of this report is to examine how communication company Visit Sweden and how markets company Stockholm Visitors Board, within tourism, markets the Image of Sweden, to other countries. My intention is to get better insights on the strategies applied in marketing, what factors are being raised to support the growth in the travel and tourism industry in Sweden. And also what attracts a tourist to travel to large cities. The material of this report is based on interviews with Visit Sweden, Stockholm Visitors Board table and Foreign Office. The literary sources consist of scientific literature, articles, websites, surveys and reports. The report shows that for a company to market themselves in an effectives manner requires that they position and segment themselves. This is done to create a competitive product or brand. This report reveals that telecommunications company, Visit Sweden, markets itself on an international level, by its trademark "Sweden", whick is linked with nature. And Stockholm Visitors Board markets company itself through its brand name "Stockholm- The Capital of Scandinavia". The message that they are trying to send to turists is that Stcokholm is Scandinavia's capital, cultural center and economic center. They market Stockholm as a "modern" and trendy city with history of more than seven centuries. Reasons why Stockholm Visitors Board thinks that tourists choose to travel to Stockholm can be, to give them a big city and yet also a genuine nature. Both companies are working to increase growth in the travel and torusim industry. It has also become clear in this report that for the growth of the travel and tourism indurstry to continue requires that the region's geographical characteristic is being lifted. Visit Sweden claims that one appealing factors for Sweden is availability, because of the many direct air routes to Sweden. Other important factors are exports, accommodation and cuisine. Visit Sweden is working efficiently to attract more and more tourists. Thus, it is necessary that a region has a strong image and strong profile for the government to invest more. It turned out that the Ministry of Industry increased allocation by 50 million, which gave Visit Sweden the possibility to invest even more on international markets. This resulted in positive figures in 2009, which ended up at 12.9 million overnight visits from other countries.

This thesis is an empirical and theoretical investigation into the changing trends in place marketing as it relates to urban tourism, particularly in the city of Toronto. It begins by exploring broader discourses to do with capitalism and creativity and their impacts on city space and people’s interactions with it and within it. These perspectives are then situated in the Toronto context, a city that currently embraces the notion of the Creative City, as promulgated by Richard Florida, which encourages the branding of the city for the purpose of stimulated economic growth and in which tourism plays an increasing role. Thirdly, it examines the theoretical implications of the prominent belief that tourism and place marketing are imperative for Toronto’s economic well-being. Official efforts at place marketing and place branding construct what John Urry terms the tourist gaze, and frame the city in particular ways to particular people. Fourthly, this thesis gives an empirical account of how the gaze comes to bear on the physical city space in terms of infrastructure and financing projects in the interest of creating a Tourist City. The penultimate chapter brings to light how the rise of new media has allowed for the greater possibility to puncture the traditionally linear narrative of the city with new voices, thus fracturing the monolithic gaze in some instances. The thesis concludes by questioning the implications of new media on the existing systems of city management and promotion, recognizing the ambivalence of new media and its potential to both challenge and reproduce current discourse. / Thesis (Master, Cultural Studies) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-29 16:22:22.467

This thesis is an anthropological study of consumption and self-construction on the Greek tourist island of Mykonos. The ethnographic material is collected from informants/agents of an, initially, heterogeneous cultural background and with a highly individualistic discourse, who, paradoxically, form a group. The identity of this new Mykonian group of exogenous 'locals' is self-created and draws on several 'local' myths. Therefore, the ethnography concentrates on the discursive making of these myths. The characteristic all these myths share is that they revolve around a common theme: symbolic 'otherness'. This discursive otherness, is initially reflected in the emerging myth of the cosmopolitan place in which it is performed, the place-myth of Mykonos. But symmetrically in our case, the myth of the place, counter-reflects the myth of its subjects. A series of invented 'heroes' gradually prospers in the mythical space of 'otherness': first the reckless, unorthodox locals; then the eccentric 'first visitors' followed by the alternative groups of the seventies, the subcultural groups of the eighties and the tribestyles of the nineties. The myth of this spatial 'otherness', apart from the peculiar groupings which it simultaneously attracts and creates, is also a propagator of self- myths. The thesis explores the construction of selves and communities through their consumption patterns, manipulation of aesthetics, invented rituals and a distinctive set of social practices, but primarily through their discursive otherness. The myth of the idiosyncratic space is echoed in the myth of their unclassified and fetishised selves. Nevertheless, the 'anarchic' property of the space is its only consistent pattern and, in turn, a source of communal identity. The discourse of locality that stems out of these 'mythologies' celebrates a highly subjective pattern of aesthetic 'otherness'. The bonding of all these myths lies precisely in their taste for 'difference'. The fetishisation of the self reflects upon the fetishisation of space; as much as, the fetishisation of space reflects upon the fetishisation of the self.

This study discusses how the pragmatic text functions of the Prince Edward Island Visitor’s Guide can be retained in translation from English into Swedish. Katharina Reiss’ model of texttypes and their different functions have been used to identify the functions of the source text, and in order to investigate the possibilities of retaining these functions in the target text, the discussion is tied to text features where the pragmatic text functions are displayed. The translation choices, next, are supported by the translation strategies offered by Rune Ingo and Peter Newmark. The results show that the informative function can be retained by using the translation strategies of addition or explicitation in most cases, whereas the operative function can be retained by copying the sentence structure or the direct address from the source text to the target text. The expressive function, next, can be retained by using Ingo’s strategy of equivalence. However, there are also examples where the expressive function has to be neglected in favor of the informative function.