A tríplice hélice, um modelo de sistema de inovação para o desenvolvimento regional, tem ganhado popularidade no meio acadêmico e em instâncias governamentais, sendo amplamente utilizado como referência para o estabelecimento de políticas públicas de incentivo às atividades de CT&I. Por outro lado, críticas surgem sobre o argumento de ser um modelo genérico, descritivo e insuficiente em razão da complexidade de contextos e ambientes específicos. Parques científicos e tecnológicos, por sua vez, são reconhecidos como ambientes que possuem alta concentração de atividades que envolvem interações entre universidade, governo e empresa. Particularidades e características do contexto local e de instituições envolvidas tornam-se determinantes para origem dos parques, que se constituem de maneiras diferentes, dificultando a possibilidade de replicar modelos válidos para novos empreendimentos. O Rio Grande do Sul, considerado um dos principais polos de inovação do Brasil, possui 15 parques credenciados no Programa Gaúcho de Parques Científicos e Tecnológicos (PGTEC), responsáveis por abrigar, aproximadamente, 400 empresas e gerar cerca de 19 mil empregos. Dois de seus parques conquistaram por quatro vezes o prêmio de melhor parque científico e tecnológico do Brasil pela Anprotec, em 2004, 2009, 2010 e 2014. A presente tese teve como objetivo analisar a trajetória de constituição dos parques científicos e tecnológicos consolidados no Rio Grande do Sul à luz da tríplice hélice. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa de cunho interpretativo, com delineamento descritivo e exploratório. O método utilizado, estudo de caso, e estratégia de pesquisa, história oral temática, contou com entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação não participante e análise de documentos como fontes de evidência. A técnica de análise de dados utilizada foi análise de conteúdo, com categorias definidas a posteriori, com o auxílio do software QSR NVivo versão 10. Como unidades de análises foram estudados o Tecnopuc, Tecnosinos, Valetec, UPF Parque, Tecnovates e Tecnounisc, e realizadas 25 entrevistas. Os principais resultados revelam uma série de elementos, eventos, que antecederam e influenciaram a constituição dos parques e que deram origem a diferentes modelos, com características próprias. Assim como proposto pelo modelo tríplice hélice, foi possível identificar e analisar o papel desempenhado pela universidade, governo e empresa, tratadas como categorias de análise. Também foi possível evidenciar um novo elemento como determinante na constituição dos parques, representado pela categoria liderança. Lideranças políticas, empresariais e universitárias que contribuíram para o surgimento dos parques por meio de um processo de liderança. Tratada nesta tese como uma nova dimensão de análise ao modelo tríplice, a liderança é considerada resultado de movimento empírico, espontâneo e endógeno de desenvolvimento, constituído num período de 20 anos, de 1994 a 2014, dos programas governamentais Porto Alegre Tecnópole e RS Tecnópole, e que encontrou na universidade comunitária um ambiente favorável para o fomento do empreendedorismo e da inovação, capaz de criar e desenvolver as condições necessárias para a implantação e consolidação dos parques científicos e tecnológicos analisados. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-07-25T12:56:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Fernando Fantoni Bencke.pdf: 3675411 bytes, checksum: 54091b6a1a21bc1d06e2b072a384c035 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T12:56:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Fernando Fantoni Bencke.pdf: 3675411 bytes, checksum: 54091b6a1a21bc1d06e2b072a384c035 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-25 / The triple helix, a model of innovation system for the regional development, has become popular in the academic community and in governmental bodies; it has being widely used as reference for establishing public policies in order to foster CT&I activities. In contrast, it has arisen much criticism regarding the argument of it being a generic, descriptive and insufficient inadequate model, due to the complexity of contexts and specific environments. Scientific and technological parks, in turn, are acknowledged as environments which hold a high concentration of activities that involve interactions among university, government and company. Peculiarities and local context characteristics of institutions involved become determiners for the origin of parks, which constitute in different manners, hindering the possibility of replicating models to new enterprises. The State of Rio Grande do Sul, which is considered one of the main poles of innovation in Brazil, has fifteen (15) parks certified by the Programa Gaúcho de Parques Científicos e Tacnológicos (PGTEC) [Gaúcho* Program of Scientific and Technological Parks], it is responsible for hosting four hundred (400) companies and generating around nineteen thousand (19,000) jobs. Two of these parks have obtained four times the prize of best scientific and technologic park by Anaprotec, in 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2014. This thesis aimed to analyze the constitution trajectory of the scientific and technological parks of Rio Grande do Sul in the perspective of the triple helix. As methodological procedure, it was used the qualitative approach with interpretative character as well as descriptive and explanatory outlining. The method used, case study, and research strategy, oral history thematic, has counted on semi-structured interviews, non-participative observation and analysis of documents as evidence source. It was used the data analysis technique to analyze the content, categories defined a posteriori, with the help with assistance of the software QSR NVivo Version 10. Tecnopuc, Tecnosinos, Valetec, UPF Parque, Tecnovates, Tecnounisc and 25 interviews were used as analysis units. The main results reveal a number of elements, events, which preceded and influenced the constitution of the parks and originated different models with particular characteristics. As suggested by the triple helix model, it was possible to analyze the role played by the university, government and company, all of them treated as analysis categories. It was also possible to identify a new element as determiner in the constitution of parks, represented by the leadership category; political, corporate and university leaderships which have contributed to the emergence of the parks through a leadership process. Treated in this thesis as a new dimension of analysis to the triple model, leadership is considered the result of empirical, spontaneous, and endogen development (constituted in a period of twenty (20) years, from 1994 to 2014) of the governmental programs of the Tecnopoles of Porto Alegre and RS. And it was also found in the university community a favorable environment for fostering entrepreneurship and innovation, capable of creating and developing the necessary conditions to the deployment and consolidation of the scientific and technological parks which were analyzed.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulioFDR_TESE_capa_ate_pag119.pdf: 6154675 bytes, checksum: 174bd5531b27bc99f78b05dff75d611d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-28 / The present study investigated the management of social, environmental and economic sustainability practices employed by 72 oil companies in Rio Grande do Norte state in Brazil associated to Joint Business Network for Enhancing the Competitive Ability of Suppliers of Goods and Services to the Gas and Oil Industry in Rio Grande do Norte (REDEPETRO-RN). Thus, our investigation aimed to determine the extent to which sustainability practices of companies associated to REDEPETRO-RN are developed through their own efforts or influenced by the Triple Helix interorganizational arrangement (governamental organizations, education and research institutions, and industries). The research instrument used was a questionnaire in order to map and characterize the sustainability practices. The research subjects were business owners and managers. The data collected supported the descriptive, correspondence and correlation analyzes. Were identified a greater emphasis of the companies surveyed in developing sustainability practices and greater economic influence of business organizations in the construction of sustainability status. It was concluded with confirmation of thesis of the REDEPETRO-RN arrangement exhibits the characteristics and functioning of a common Interorganizational Cooperative Arrangement, not those of a triple helix interorganizational arrangement, given that the influences exerted for the development of social, environmental and economical sustainability on the part of teaching and research institutions, and government and business organizations do not interact with one another sufficiently to create a virtuous circle of cooperation among the associated companies. By contrast, the Interorganizational Cooperative Arrangement plays an important role in strengthening the competitiveness of companies affiliated to REDEPETRO-RN, by combining different competencies in an attempt at supporting the adoption of sustainability practices, a role reinforced by the scope of PETROBRAS, which, due to its economic importance, has considerable weight in the managerial decisions of associated companies / Esta pesquisa explorou a gest?o de pr?ticas de sustentabilidade social, ambiental e econ?mica de 72 empresas associadas ? Rede de Articula??o Empresarial para Amplia??o da Capacidade Competitiva dos Fornecedores de Bens e Servi?os do Setor de Petr?leo e G?s do Rio Grande do Norte (REDEPETRO-RN), procurando responder em que medida as pr?ticas de sustentabilidade das empresas associadas ? rede s?o explicadas por um esfor?o pr?prio ou s?o influenciadas pelo arranjo interorganizacional do tipo H?lice Tripla configurado pela REDEPETRO-RN. (organiza??es governamentais, institui??es de ensino e pesquisa e organiza??es empresariais). O instrumento utilizado foi o question?rio junto aos empres?rios e gestores. Os dados coletados subsidiaram a realiza??o de an?lises descritivas, de correspond?ncia e correla??o. Identificou-se uma maior ?nfase das empresas no desenvolvimento de pr?ticas de sustentabilidade econ?mica e uma maior influ?ncia das organiza??es empresariais na constru??o desse status de sustentabilidade, confirmando a tese de que o arranjo REDEPETRO-RN apresenta caracter?sticas e funcionamento de um Arranjo Cooperativo Interoganizacional (ACI) comum, n?o apresentando caracter?sticas de um arranjo interorganizacional do tipo H?lice Tripla, dado as influ?ncias exercidas para o desenvolvimento de pr?ticas de sustentabilidade social, ambiental e econ?mica por parte das institui??es de ensino e pesquisa, das organiza??es governamentais e empresariais n?o interagirem entre si suficientemente para configurar um c?rculo virtuoso de coopera??o entre as empresas associadas. No entanto, o Arranjo Cooperativo Interorganizacional tem um papel importante no fortalecimento da competitividade das empresas associadas ? REDEPETRORN, ao reunir diferentes compet?ncias e tentar articul?-las para apoiar entre outras a??es a ado??o de pr?ticas de sustentabilidade, papel valorizado pela for?a da PETROBRAS, que em fun??o de sua import?ncia econ?mica tem um peso consider?vel nas decis?es gerenciais das empresas associadas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BeniltonMN_DISSERT.pdf: 2048130 bytes, checksum: e16a5a6536a18c42327ce9f1122bb943 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-20 / Public investments in the development of innovation in the country, either through the rigging of public universities, either through public announcements of the promotion, increased dramatically in recent years. To analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of public resources is especially in times of austerity, essential for the development of a country. In this context, this research aims to identify the influence of public investments to promote innovation in the degree of maturity of innovative companies in the state of the RN. Another goal is to identify the regional influence from the installation site - capital or countryside, in the performance of the companies studied in the degree of innovation. The theoretical basis of the understanding of the scope of the concept of innovation and its determination for the purposes of this study. Typology, degree of innovation, evaluation methodologies and mechanisms to support innovation : Still on the theme of innovation additional concepts that help the reader to a greater understanding, such as are presented. Following is approached conceptualization of the triple helix, highlighting the concepts advocated by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, Salomon and Silva and Ipiranga, Freitas and Paiva, among others. With regard to methodological aspects, we propose a descriptive, exploratory and explanatory research quantitative and qualitative approach with the target audience group of companies served by INOVA PRO- NAGI design - multi-institutional action from a public resource called FINEP promotes the development of innovative companies in the State of Rio Grande do Norte - in 2013. The research should provide reflection and understanding of the influence of public investment in innovation, which by means of qualitative predictive variables associated with quantitative method to explain which variables are significant variations in the degree of maturity of enterprises studied / Os investimentos p?blicos no desenvolvimento da inova??o no pa?s, quer por meio do aparelhamento das universidades publicas, quer por meio de editais de fomento, cresceram vertiginosamente nos ?ltimos anos. Analisar a efici?ncia e efic?cia da aplica??o dos recursos p?blicos ?, sobretudo em tempos de austeridade, primordial para o desenvolvimento de um pa?s. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a influ?ncia dos investimentos p?blicos de fomento ? inova??o no grau de maturidade de inova??o de empresas instaladas no Estado do RN. Objetiva-se ainda identificar a influ?ncia regional, a partir do local de instala??o capital ou interior, no desempenho das empresas estudadas no grau de inova??o. A fundamenta??o te?rica parte da compreens?o da dimens?o do conceito sobre a inova??o e a sua defini??o para efeitos deste trabalho. Ainda sobre a tem?tica da inova??o s?o apresentadas conceitua??es adicionais que auxiliam o leitor a uma maior compreens?o, tais como: tipologia, graus de inova??o, metodologias de avalia??o e mecanismos de apoio ? inova??o. Na sequ?ncia ? abordada a conceitua??o sobre a tr?plice h?lice, ressaltando os conceitos preconizados por Etzkowitz e Leydesdorff, Salomon e Silva e Ipiranga, Freitas e Paiva, entre outros. No tocante aos aspectos metodol?gicos, prop?e-se uma pesquisa descritiva, explorat?ria e explicativa de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, tendo como p?blico-alvo o grupo de empresas atendidas pelo projeto PR?-INOVA NAGI a??o multiinstitucional que a partir de recursos de uma chamada p?blica da FINEP promove o desenvolvimento da inova??o em empresas do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no ano de 2013. A pesquisa dever? proporcionar reflex?es e compreens?o da influ?ncia dos investimentos p?blicos em inova??o, que por meio de vari?veis qualitativas preditivas, associada ao m?todo quantitativo explicar quais vari?veis s?o significativas na varia??o do grau de maturidade em inova??o das empresas estudadas

Submitted by Cassiane Jaroszewski (cassiane.brazil@gmail.com) on 2018-05-30T14:00:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseCRJ_maio2018a.pdf: 2407404 bytes, checksum: fb577104c2622ea18c505f299487d9b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2018-05-30T14:02:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseCRJ_maio2018a.pdf: 2407404 bytes, checksum: fb577104c2622ea18c505f299487d9b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-05-30T15:35:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseCRJ_maio2018a.pdf: 2407404 bytes, checksum: fb577104c2622ea18c505f299487d9b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-30T15:35:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseCRJ_maio2018a.pdf: 2407404 bytes, checksum: fb577104c2622ea18c505f299487d9b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-04 / Esta tese de doutoramento se propõe a discutir qual o papel do governo na formulação e implementação da política pública de inovação tecnológica e os novos formatos organizacionais criados pela interação entre universidades, empresas e governo. A partir do referencial teórico da Hélice Tríplice é possível conceber a inovação tecnológica enquanto resultado da interação entre as hélices universidade, empresa e governo. Dessa interação resultam alterações no funcionamento de cada hélice e a criação de organizações híbridas no ponto de interseção trilateral. Foram estabelecidas três categorias empíricas para compreender o papel do governo na política de inovação: 1. Capacidade do governo de constituir-se como um Espaço de Consenso, 2. Análise dos programas estaduais para interação universidade-empresa e 3. Atuação de três tipos de organizações híbridas: Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica, incubadoras e parques tecnológicos. A pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de estudo de caso, com as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, observações e entrevistas. As políticas de inovação de três estados foram analisadas em profundidade: Amazonas, Pernambuco e Santa Catarina. O resultado indica que os governos avançaram na inclusão da temática da inovação nas agendas estaduais enquanto tema central para o desenvolvimento econômico e social, mas que esse avanço não se reverteu em maior envolvimento dos órgãos públicos sendo uma agenda quase totalmente conduzida pelas Secretarias Estaduais de Ciência e Tecnologia e Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa. O governo age como Espaço de Consenso, tendo sua legitimidade para coordenar e implementar ações reconhecida pelos outros stakeholders afetos à temática da inovação, contudo falta clareza quanto a quais são os objetivos e setores prioritários da política. Em relação aos programas de fomento à inovação, os governos adotam estratégias de estímulo ao empreendedorismo como forma de contornar a dificuldade de interação com as empresas existentes. Já os programas para promoção de interação entre universidades e empresas esbarram em barreiras culturais e institucionais que o governo não consegue romper sem mudança de mentalidade dos representantes das outras hélices acerca da relevância dessas parcerias. / This doctoral thesis addresses the role of government in formulating and implementing technological innovation public policy, as well as new organizational formats generated from the interaction between universities, companies and government. According to the Triple Helix theory, technological innovation results from the interaction between helixes represented by universities, companies and government. This interaction causes changes to each helix’s functioning and the creation of hybrid organizations at their trilateral intersection point. Three empirical categories were established to understand the role of government in innovation policy: 1. The government's capacity to establish itself as a Space for Consensus; 2. State programs for university-company interaction; and 3. Performance of three types of hybrid organizations: technology transfer offices, incubators and science and technology parks. This is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory case study research, using techniques of bibliographic and documentation research, observation and interviews. The innovation policies of three states were the subject of in-depth analysis: Amazonas, Pernambuco and Santa Catarina. The results indicate that while these states have moved forward with including innovation in their public agenda, as key to economic and social development, these advances have not entailed greater involvement of multiple public departments, with the agenda remaining mostly in the hands of the states’ Science and Technology Departments and public Research Support Foundations. The government acts as a Space for Consensus, with its legitimacy to coordinate and implement actions recognized by other stakeholders related to innovation; there remains, however, lack of clarity as to the policy’s goals and priority sectors. In relation to innovation-promoting programs, governments adopt strategies to bolster entrepreneurship as a way of dodging the difficult interaction with existing companies. On the other hand, programs developed to promote interaction between universities and companies face cultural and institutional barriers that the government cannot surpass without a shift in mindset from representatives of other helixes as to the relevance of these partnerships.

A tríplice hélice, um modelo de sistema de inovação para o desenvolvimento regional, tem ganhado popularidade no meio acadêmico e em instâncias governamentais, sendo amplamente utilizado como referência para o estabelecimento de políticas públicas de incentivo às atividades de CT&I. Por outro lado, críticas surgem sobre o argumento de ser um modelo genérico, descritivo e insuficiente em razão da complexidade de contextos e ambientes específicos. Parques científicos e tecnológicos, por sua vez, são reconhecidos como ambientes que possuem alta concentração de atividades que envolvem interações entre universidade, governo e empresa. Particularidades e características do contexto local e de instituições envolvidas tornam-se determinantes para origem dos parques, que se constituem de maneiras diferentes, dificultando a possibilidade de replicar modelos válidos para novos empreendimentos. O Rio Grande do Sul, considerado um dos principais polos de inovação do Brasil, possui 15 parques credenciados no Programa Gaúcho de Parques Científicos e Tecnológicos (PGTEC), responsáveis por abrigar, aproximadamente, 400 empresas e gerar cerca de 19 mil empregos. Dois de seus parques conquistaram por quatro vezes o prêmio de melhor parque científico e tecnológico do Brasil pela Anprotec, em 2004, 2009, 2010 e 2014. A presente tese teve como objetivo analisar a trajetória de constituição dos parques científicos e tecnológicos consolidados no Rio Grande do Sul à luz da tríplice hélice. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa de cunho interpretativo, com delineamento descritivo e exploratório. O método utilizado, estudo de caso, e estratégia de pesquisa, história oral temática, contou com entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação não participante e análise de documentos como fontes de evidência. A técnica de análise de dados utilizada foi análise de conteúdo, com categorias definidas a posteriori, com o auxílio do software QSR NVivo versão 10. Como unidades de análises foram estudados o Tecnopuc, Tecnosinos, Valetec, UPF Parque, Tecnovates e Tecnounisc, e realizadas 25 entrevistas. Os principais resultados revelam uma série de elementos, eventos, que antecederam e influenciaram a constituição dos parques e que deram origem a diferentes modelos, com características próprias. Assim como proposto pelo modelo tríplice hélice, foi possível identificar e analisar o papel desempenhado pela universidade, governo e empresa, tratadas como categorias de análise. Também foi possível evidenciar um novo elemento como determinante na constituição dos parques, representado pela categoria liderança. Lideranças políticas, empresariais e universitárias que contribuíram para o surgimento dos parques por meio de um processo de liderança. Tratada nesta tese como uma nova dimensão de análise ao modelo tríplice, a liderança é considerada resultado de movimento empírico, espontâneo e endógeno de desenvolvimento, constituído num período de 20 anos, de 1994 a 2014, dos programas governamentais Porto Alegre Tecnópole e RS Tecnópole, e que encontrou na universidade comunitária um ambiente favorável para o fomento do empreendedorismo e da inovação, capaz de criar e desenvolver as condições necessárias para a implantação e consolidação dos parques científicos e tecnológicos analisados. / The triple helix, a model of innovation system for the regional development, has become popular in the academic community and in governmental bodies; it has being widely used as reference for establishing public policies in order to foster CT&I activities. In contrast, it has arisen much criticism regarding the argument of it being a generic, descriptive and insufficient inadequate model, due to the complexity of contexts and specific environments. Scientific and technological parks, in turn, are acknowledged as environments which hold a high concentration of activities that involve interactions among university, government and company. Peculiarities and local context characteristics of institutions involved become determiners for the origin of parks, which constitute in different manners, hindering the possibility of replicating models to new enterprises. The State of Rio Grande do Sul, which is considered one of the main poles of innovation in Brazil, has fifteen (15) parks certified by the Programa Gaúcho de Parques Científicos e Tacnológicos (PGTEC) [Gaúcho* Program of Scientific and Technological Parks], it is responsible for hosting four hundred (400) companies and generating around nineteen thousand (19,000) jobs. Two of these parks have obtained four times the prize of best scientific and technologic park by Anaprotec, in 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2014. This thesis aimed to analyze the constitution trajectory of the scientific and technological parks of Rio Grande do Sul in the perspective of the triple helix. As methodological procedure, it was used the qualitative approach with interpretative character as well as descriptive and explanatory outlining. The method used, case study, and research strategy, oral history thematic, has counted on semi-structured interviews, non-participative observation and analysis of documents as evidence source. It was used the data analysis technique to analyze the content, categories defined a posteriori, with the help with assistance of the software QSR NVivo Version 10. Tecnopuc, Tecnosinos, Valetec, UPF Parque, Tecnovates, Tecnounisc and 25 interviews were used as analysis units. The main results reveal a number of elements, events, which preceded and influenced the constitution of the parks and originated different models with particular characteristics. As suggested by the triple helix model, it was possible to analyze the role played by the university, government and company, all of them treated as analysis categories. It was also possible to identify a new element as determiner in the constitution of parks, represented by the leadership category; political, corporate and university leaderships which have contributed to the emergence of the parks through a leadership process. Treated in this thesis as a new dimension of analysis to the triple model, leadership is considered the result of empirical, spontaneous, and endogen development (constituted in a period of twenty (20) years, from 1994 to 2014) of the governmental programs of the Tecnopoles of Porto Alegre and RS. And it was also found in the university community a favorable environment for fostering entrepreneurship and innovation, capable of creating and developing the necessary conditions to the deployment and consolidation of the scientific and technological parks which were analyzed.

Submitted by Morgana Andrade (morgana.andrade@ufes.br) on 2016-10-03T19:08:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Tatiana.pdf: 3167847 bytes, checksum: 39b8b6462347fef6134d38b462a84531 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2016-10-04T16:22:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Tatiana.pdf: 3167847 bytes, checksum: 39b8b6462347fef6134d38b462a84531 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T16:22:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Tatiana.pdf: 3167847 bytes, checksum: 39b8b6462347fef6134d38b462a84531 (MD5) / CAPES / Com o propósito de ampliar o horizonte de análise da relação universidade-empresa-governo para além dos pressupostos teóricos da Hélice Tríplice, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar como ocorre a governança colaborativa nesta relação. De modo a suportar os diferentes focos de análise, o referencial teórico foi composto das abordagens do New Public Management, da Universidade Empreendedora e da Tríplice Hélice no âmbito macrossociológico. Foram exploradas também as abordagens da governança pública e da governança colaborativa, com ênfase no modelo de Ansell e Gash (2008), para subsidiar a análise no nível microssociológico da relação. A metodologia adotada foi o estudo de caso, tendo como unidade de análise a experiência da parceria para a concepção e execução do Programa de Cooperação Educacional, para a transferência de conhecimento em tecnologia naval, que envolveu o governo do Estado do Espírito Santo, uma subsidiária de Estaleiro, um Instituto Federal de Ensino e um Instituto Politécnico Internacional. Os dados relativos ao caso foram obtidos pela pesquisa documental e entrevistas. Uma vez coletados, os dados foram organizados e examinados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, cuja categorização dos dados se deu a priori e a posteriori. Como resultado das análises realizadas foi possível atestar que a governança colaborativa ocorre de maneira satisfatória, mas fragmentada por estar concentrada na alta gestão. Isso ocorreu em função do baixo reconhecimento da interdependência e do grau de confiança oscilar devido às falhas de comunicação apontadas e da não inclusão participativa dos professores acarretarem, de certa forma, o distanciamento do compromisso com o processo. Por outro lado, percebeu-se que os resultados intermediários alcançados ao longo da parceria conferiram uma maior aproximação entre os gestores do Instituto Federal de Ensino e da Subsidiária do Estaleiro, dessa forma os laços estabelecidos fortaleceram a relação de confiança e o entendimento de que os problemas identificados nesse programa estão servindo de lições para outras colaborações. / With the purpose of expanding the horizon analysis of the university-industry-government relationship on top of the theoretical assumptions of the Triple Helix, this study aimed at analyzing how collaborative governance occurs within such relationship. So as to support the different analysis focuses, its theoretical background consisted of the New Public Management (NPM) approaches, the Entrepreneurial University and the Triple Helix in its macro sociological scope. The public and collaborative governance approaches have also been explored, with an emphasis on Ansell and Gash’s model (2008), in order to subsidize the analysis in the micro sociological level of that relationship. The adopted methodology has been the case study, having as its analysis unit the experience of partnership to the conception and execution of the Educational Cooperation Program, towards the transfer of knowledge in marine technology, which involved the state government of Espírito Santo, a shipyard subsidiary, a Federal Institute of Education and an International Polytechnic Institute. The data related to this case were obtained through desk research and interviews. Once these data were collected, they were then organized and examined under the content analysis technique, whose data categorization was given a priori and a posteriori. As a result of the carried out analyses it has been possible to certify that collaborative governance occurs in a satisfactory way, however fragmented since it focused in the upper management. That occurred due to low recognition of its interdependence and to an oscillation on its confidence degree due to communication breakdowns that were pointed out and to the non-inclusion of teachers’ participation, thus causing their distancing from commitment to the process in a certain way. On the other hand, one has realized that the intermediate results reached throughout this partnership have conceded a greater approach between managers of the Federal Institute of Education and those of the shipyard subsidiary, therefore these durable links have strengthened their trust relationship and the understanding that problems identified in such program have been serving as lessons for further collaborations.

Le collagène est la protéine la plus abondante dans les mammifères, et le constituant principal de la matrice extracellulaire du cartilage. Les propriétés mécaniques de ce tissu sont dues à la structure particulière du collagène : la triple hélice. Lors de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à des peptides modèles de la triple hélice du collagène en phase gazeuse, ce qui permet l’étude de leurs propriétés intrinsèques, dont les processus fondamentaux induits par des rayonnements ionisants. Une étude structurale de ces systèmes par spectrométrie de mobilité ionique a permis de s’assurer qu’ils conservent bien leurs propriétés structurales et de stabilité en l’absence de solvant. De plus, cette stabilité se manifeste aussi lors de l’irradiation par photons ionisants dans un piège à ions. Par ailleurs, nous avons observé, grâce à la spectrométrie de masse, une transition entre photo-excitation et photo-ionisation lorsque l’énergie du photon absorbé augmente dans la gamme VUV-X. Une partie de cette énergie est également redistribuée dans les modes de vibration du système, croît avec l’énergie du photon, et induit la fragmentation inter puis intramoléculaire de la triple hélice. Nous avons également irradié pour la première fois des peptides en phase gazeuse par un faisceau d’ions carbones à l’énergie cinétique pertinente dans le contexte de l’hadronthérapie. Un processus non-observé avec les photons a été mis en évidence : le détachement de proton. Enfin, la validation d’un nouveau dispositif expérimental dédié à l’irradiation de protéines et brins d’ADN par des ions en faisceaux croisés, ainsi que les premiers résultats obtenus, seront abordés. / Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, and the main constituent of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. The mechanical properties of this tissue are due to the particular triple helical structure of collagen. In this thesis, we focused on peptidic models of the collagen triple helix in thegas phase, which allows reaching their intrinsic properties, including fundamental processes induced by ionizing radiations. An ion mobility spectrometry study of these systems proved that they retain their structural and stability properties in the absence of solvent. In addition, these stability properties also play a role after irradiation with ionizing photons in an ion trap. Furthermore, we have observed, thanks to mass spectrometry, a transition between photo-excitation and photoionization as the energy of the absorbed photon increases in the VUV-X range. Part of this energy is also redistributed in the vibration modes of the system, increases with photon energy, and induces intramolecular as well as intramolecular fragmentation of the triple helix. For the first time, we irradiated peptides in the gas phase by a carbon ion beam having a kinetic energy relevant in the context of hadrontherapy. A process that was absent from studies with photons has been observed : proton detachment. In the last chapter, the validation of a new experimental device dedicated to the irradiation of proteins and DNA strands in a cross-beam configuration, as well as the first results obtained, will be reported.

The main theme in this licentiate thesis is the focus on strengthening institutional capacities to promote cooperation within a cluster initiative between public and private sectors in Latin American contexts, especially in Bolivia. The argument is the need to generate spaces for interaction through participatory practices in order to incorporate different points of view, academic and non-academic, which can lead to a more critical production and appropriation of knowledge. In the particular case of Bolivia, the pilot development of cluster initiatives was used as an interaction mechanism between the university, industry and government, which means developing skills in innovation among stakeholders, instead of starting immediately with the search for solutions. This licentiate thesis focuses on practices based on collective and dynamic interactions generated in an emerging cluster based on the Triple Helix framework in the leather productive sector in Bolivia. This as a result of seven years of participatory action research participating in cluster initiatives promoted by a public university, the case of the Universidad Mayor de San Simon - UMSS (trans. San Simon University). In the case of the Leather Cluster Cochabamba experience presented in this licentiate thesis, I found that the introduction of concepts such as cluster development, Triple Helix and knowledge production in Mode 2 as fieldwork by a public university (UMSS), participation is a positive ingredient and contributor to the improvement of democratizing innovation. The generation of collaborative relationships on a participatory and democratic basis is a time-consuming process that needs to begin with reflection and accountability of researchers to their direct involvement in participatory processes and practices.

A shift has occurred in the traditional type of centralised government control to a more multilevel type of governing referred to as governance. The change from government to governance can be illustrated with an emphasis on networks and social capital enhancement. In higher education this is enveloped through a larger emphasis on institutionalisation of collaboration between the higher education institutions (HEI) and the surrounding environment. In lieu of large block grants come financial incentives through semi-governmental agencies embracing collaboration projects between industry and HEI as well as municipalities.` This licentiate thesis objective is to study the collaboration task’s practical implication on undergraduate education in terms of social capital enhancement and research and teaching links. This is reported in two articles that elaborate on social capital establishment through a policy program and whether policy programs focusing on research collaborations also have an effect on undergraduate education by improving research and teaching links. In general, the findings of this thesis indicate that semi-governmental policy programs have a positive effect on establishing new social capital between regional HEI, industry and municipalities, and that semi-governmentally financed research profiles also have a positive effect on undergraduate education by introducing a link to research outside and within the HEI. / QC 20110117

Debates concerning the concept of 'engaged scholarship’ (ES) in terms of university-society connectivity have become part of the discourse within the shifting South African higher education landscape after 1994. Given the legacy of historical inequalities continuing to permeate all spheres of South African society including higher education, the idea of social-justice-centred engaged scholarship forms the main thrust of the narrative in this thesis. Furthermore, with music inherently geared towards societal engagement, and 'engaged scholarship’ included in UCT’s latest Social Responsiveness Policy Framework, this thesis critically examines the ES responses - in terms of their perceptions and practices - of music academics at the SACM in post-1994 South Africa. The opening chapter outlines the largely two-pronged research methodology approach pertaining to the analysis and findings of: (1) literature and documents, and (2) in-depth interviews of a representative sample of full-time SACM music academics. Chapter 2 provides a historical sociology unpacking the ES concept as part of an emergent University Third Mission. With developments largely unfolding at American universities, the first part of Chapter 2 shows the development of ES as essentially following two routes. Firstly the Triple Helix notion of university-industry-government (U-I-G) relations since the mid-20th century, identified by Etzkowitz as a 'Second Academic Transformation’ grafted on an earlier 19th century 'First Academic Transformation’ which began in Germany. Then secondly, in the 1990s a broadened view of scholarship aimed at making universities more relevant to the needs of society (i.e. via U-CS or university-civil society links) proposed by Boyer. With the issue of an emergent University Third Mission also entering the South African higher education discourse after 1994, the second part of Chapter 2 highlights conceptual confusion by considering policy and conference debates on 'community engagement’ (CE), the preferred expression for university-society relations in South Africa. Unfolding developments at UCT however have resulted in a discourse of ES becoming integral to this university’s Social Responsiveness Policy Framework after 2012. Moreover with social justice largely absent from CE discourse and the Triple Helix, Cooper has proposed a Quadruple Helix whereby civil society is added as fourth helix (i.e. resulting in U-I-G-CS). The approach of this study, therefore, explores the concept of a social-justice-centred engagement (outlined in part three of Chapter 2) with which it strongly resonates. Chapter 3 focuses attention on the milieu and ethos of UCT and the SACM, putting SACM music academics, part of an elite historically 'white’ university, in perspective. This highlights the entrenched hegemony of the historically 'white’ European settler institutional culture and 'orphan’ status of music indigenous to Africa at the SACM. Against this backdrop Chapter 4 provides a snapshot of the ES perceptions and practices of SACM music academics derived from the in-depth interviews. Importantly, with music largely absent from ES discourse, including at UCT, the critical analysis of the narratives of music academics form the basis for this thesis creating four music-specific ES categories in this chapter, and a proposed typology of music-specific ES in Chapter 5. In addition, a particularly important finding in Chapter 5 depicts the SACM as probably the most engaged UCT department, mainly displaying elements of the Quadruple Helix (U-I-G-CS), but with this engagement significantly skewed towards largely 'white’ civil society. Moreover, given the historically Eurocentric ethos of the SACM, western classical music has retained its uncontested hegemony (including within the SACM student curriculum) despite the introduction in the 1980s of new streams of non-western classical music, including music indigenous to Africa. With reference to ES, the engagement of the majority of SACM music academics was, furthermore, found overwhelmingly to be with the elite social classes. However, 'black’ academics were significantly more engaged with the 'black’ working class than their 'white’ counterparts. Considering the core findings above, pathways enabling the development of more balanced SACM-society relationships, particularly with the 'black’ working class majority have been proposed in the concluding chapter. A crucial recommendation is the decolonisation of the institutional culture and curriculum of the SACM, thereby restoring the former 'Other’, to 'Self’. These being spaces outside the comfort-zone of most music academics, it is suggested that music-specific ES research, potentially able to shift embedded reasoning, should become integral to the decolonisation process.