Cette étude porte sur l’évolution des pratiques info-documentaires des étudiants de psychologie en troisième année de licence. Nous nous intéressons aux modifications engendrées par le numérique sur la culture informationnelle des étudiants. Nous défendons l’idée que le web transforme les valeurs, les représentations et les pratiques attachées à la culture académique. Nous abordons cette hypothèse à partir des matérialités documentaires et notamment des aspects éditoriaux. Ce travail croise des données issues d’entretiens réalisés auprès des étudiants et des enseignants, des analyses des discussions et des dépôts sur la plateforme Moodle, et des analyses sémiotiques de documents et de sites. Il développe particulièrement les phénomènes de circulation et d’hybridation dans les pratiques. / This study is about the evolution of third-year undergraduate psychology students' information practices. We look at the changes the digital world has brought about in students' information culture. We defend the idea that the web transforms values, representations, and practices within academic culture. We discuss this hypothesis through consideration of the document as a material form and through analysis of the editorial dimension of the document. This work confronts data obtained from interviews, with students and university professors as well as contributions to the Moodle learning Platform, and semiotic analyses of documents and websites. This research explores the notions of circulation and hybridation as applied to information practice.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir sobre o processo de constituição de nove jovens estudantes ingressantes em diferentes cursos da Universidade de São Paulo em 2014 egressos de escolas públicas e participantes do cursinho oferecido pelo Programa Preparatório para o Vestibular da USP, PPVUSP, em 2013. Para tanto, utilizou-se a perspectiva analítica da individuação, tal como proposto pelo sociólogo Danilo Martuccelli, para analisar o conjunto de fatores estruturais enfrentados pelos estudantes, em uma articulação entre processos sociais e experiências pessoais que configura o trabalho do indivíduo sobre si mesmo. Traça-se um perfil dos alunos do PPVUSP e daqueles que ingressaram na Universidade, em comparação ao universo dos demais aprovados no vestibular da FUVEST, a partir de dados socioeconômicos fornecidos por autodeclaração pelos candidatos àquela instituição. Tendo em vista a crítica às insuficiências das teorias chamadas disposicionalistas, empreende-se um procedimento indutivo a partir da análise das entrevistas compreensivas realizadas com nove estudantes daquele grupo ao final dos dois primeiros semestres letivos de seus respectivos cursos de graduação para construir as provas que constituem esta pesquisa: a familiar, a escolar, a da mobilidade urbana e aquela referente à sociabilidade. A discussão sobre esses desafios estruturais de nossa sociedade e o modo pelo qual jovens estudantes recém ingressos na USP os vivenciam e como respondem peculiarmente a eles permite compor um cenário da individuação deste grupo social, assim como problematizar as configurações, mutações e ações da estrutura sociohistórica na fabricação de indivíduos como eles. / This research discusses the process of constitution of nine young freshmen in different undergraduate programs at the University of São Paulo in 2014, a focus group of students with an academic pathway in the public-sector who attended PPVUSP, a Preparatory Course to sit for the University Entry Exam at USP in 2013. The perspective of analytic individuation, as suggested by sociologist Danilo Martuccelli, is adopted to analyse the body of structural factors these students had to face in an attempt to articulate social processes and personal experiences that translate into the actions of the individuals upon themselves. Based on socioeconomical data gathered from selfdeclaration forms, a profile of PPVUSP students and of those who were actually admitted at the university is constructed in contrast with the profile of other applicants who passed the University Entry Exam. Considering the critique of the so-called dispositional theories, we adopt an inductive procedure rooted in the analysis of comprehensive interviews with nine students of the focus group after they had completed two terms in their respective undergraduate programs in order to collect evidence for the structural categories that support this research: family, school, urban mobility and sociability. The discussion of these structural challenges within our society and the singular ways through which these young freshmen at USP experience and respond to them allows us to depict a scenario of individuation of this social group, as well as problematize the configurations, mutations and actions of the sociohistorical structure in the fabrication of such individuals.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir sobre o processo de constituição de nove jovens estudantes ingressantes em diferentes cursos da Universidade de São Paulo em 2014 egressos de escolas públicas e participantes do cursinho oferecido pelo Programa Preparatório para o Vestibular da USP, PPVUSP, em 2013. Para tanto, utilizou-se a perspectiva analítica da individuação, tal como proposto pelo sociólogo Danilo Martuccelli, para analisar o conjunto de fatores estruturais enfrentados pelos estudantes, em uma articulação entre processos sociais e experiências pessoais que configura o trabalho do indivíduo sobre si mesmo. Traça-se um perfil dos alunos do PPVUSP e daqueles que ingressaram na Universidade, em comparação ao universo dos demais aprovados no vestibular da FUVEST, a partir de dados socioeconômicos fornecidos por autodeclaração pelos candidatos àquela instituição. Tendo em vista a crítica às insuficiências das teorias chamadas disposicionalistas, empreende-se um procedimento indutivo a partir da análise das entrevistas compreensivas realizadas com nove estudantes daquele grupo ao final dos dois primeiros semestres letivos de seus respectivos cursos de graduação para construir as provas que constituem esta pesquisa: a familiar, a escolar, a da mobilidade urbana e aquela referente à sociabilidade. A discussão sobre esses desafios estruturais de nossa sociedade e o modo pelo qual jovens estudantes recém ingressos na USP os vivenciam e como respondem peculiarmente a eles permite compor um cenário da individuação deste grupo social, assim como problematizar as configurações, mutações e ações da estrutura sociohistórica na fabricação de indivíduos como eles. / This research discusses the process of constitution of nine young freshmen in different undergraduate programs at the University of São Paulo in 2014, a focus group of students with an academic pathway in the public-sector who attended PPVUSP, a Preparatory Course to sit for the University Entry Exam at USP in 2013. The perspective of analytic individuation, as suggested by sociologist Danilo Martuccelli, is adopted to analyse the body of structural factors these students had to face in an attempt to articulate social processes and personal experiences that translate into the actions of the individuals upon themselves. Based on socioeconomical data gathered from selfdeclaration forms, a profile of PPVUSP students and of those who were actually admitted at the university is constructed in contrast with the profile of other applicants who passed the University Entry Exam. Considering the critique of the so-called dispositional theories, we adopt an inductive procedure rooted in the analysis of comprehensive interviews with nine students of the focus group after they had completed two terms in their respective undergraduate programs in order to collect evidence for the structural categories that support this research: family, school, urban mobility and sociability. The discussion of these structural challenges within our society and the singular ways through which these young freshmen at USP experience and respond to them allows us to depict a scenario of individuation of this social group, as well as problematize the configurations, mutations and actions of the sociohistorical structure in the fabrication of such individuals.

Orientador: Marilda do Couto Cavalcanti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T04:05:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bizon_AnaCeciliaCossi_D.pdf: 4408546 bytes, checksum: 431b54c735f9b3e48b07ff30d1e4aca9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: No âmbito universitário, são numerosos os intercâmbios de mobilidade, dada a exigência de internacionalização das instituições, imposta pelo novo cenário mundial. O Programa de Estudantes-Convênio de Graduação (PEC-G), mantido pelo Ministério das Relações Exteriores, atende países em desenvolvimento e é um dos intercâmbios que mais tem crescido, sendo os países africanos seus maiores beneficiários. Oferecendo gratuitamente vagas para cursos de graduação em universidades públicas e privadas no Brasil, o programa estipula um protocolo com regras bastante específicas, dentre as quais a exigência de o estudante custear seus estudos no país e a apresentação do Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros, o Celpe-Bras. Afiliando-se à Linguística Aplicada Indisciplinar (MOITA LOPES, 2006) em diálogo com posições epistemológicas dos estudos poscolonialistas (BHABHA, 2007/1998; SPIVAK, 2010), esta pesquisa visou investigar como quatro estudantes congoleses, ao longo de dois períodos do desenvolvimento do convênio (a preparação para o Celpe-Bras e quatro anos da graduação), narram o Celpe-Bras e o PEC-G, posicionando-se e sendo posicionados em relação a eles, e como performatizam narrativamente seus processos de des(re)territorialização. Para tanto, analiso um corpus formado por (i) interações em aulas ministradas e gravadas em áudio em 2008, no período de preparação para o Celpe-Bras; (ii) conversas informais realizadas com os estudantes logo após o exame, ainda em 2008, e entre 2010 e 2012, quando cursavam o segundo, o terceiro e o quarto anos de graduação; (iii) conversas informais com responsáveis pelo convênio na universidade e no Ministério das Relações Exteriores; (iv) diário retrospectivo da pesquisadora; (v) textos produzidos pelos estudantes; (vi) troca de e-mails com os estudantes entre 2009 e 2013. A análise, valendo-se dos conceitos de posicionamento (LANGENHOVE & HARRÉ, 1999), performatividade (BUTLER, 2010/1990) e des(re)territorializações (DELEUZE & GUATTARI, 2007/1980a, 2007/1980b, 2007/1980c; HAESBAERT, 2004), além de um quadro de pistas indexicalizadoras propostas por Wortham (2001) e complementadas com categorias construídas com base nos dados, indicou que os estudantes conceberam o exame Celpe-Bras como um importante instrumento de inserção nas relações sociais e acadêmicas, que contribui significativamente para a apropriação de espaços (LEFEBVRE, 1986/1974) e para a construção de multiterritorializações, e o PEC-G preponderantemente como um instrumento que controla e restringe essas apropriações, gerando, muitas vezes, a percepção de territorializações precárias (HAESBAERT, 2004) ou de vivências de situações marcadas por preconceitos, não pertencimento e exclusões. As narrativas apontam para a necessidade de se repensar o funcionamento do programa PEC-G em sua complexa conexão com as embaixadas do Brasil no exterior e com as universidades brasileiras anfitriãs / Abstract: Regarding university sphere, there are a great number of mobility exchange programs due to the increasing demand for the internationalization of institutions imposed by a new global scenario. The Student Program-Undergraduate Agreement known as PEC-G, which is supported by Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is aimed at serving developing countries, and it's been the one that increases the most among other exchange programs. Besides, African countries are known to be the most beneficiaries of PEC-G. The Program offers, under specific protocol, vacancies free of charge for Undergraduate Courses that can be taken at either public or private Brazilian universities. That protocol establishes, for instance, that students who apply for the program are expected to both afford their studies in the country and get their Celpe-Bras Certificate. This research study is affiliated with Interdisciplinary Applied Linguistics (MOITA LOPES, 2006) in dialogue with some epistemological positions from Postcolonial Studies (BHABHA, 2007/1998; SPIVAK, 2010). The aim of this study was to investigate, during the development of PEC-G along two terms (first, the period of preparation for taking Celpe-Bras Exam, and then four years of undergraduate studies), how four Congolese students narrated both Celpe-Bras and PECG experiences, positioning themselves and being positioned regarding both processes, and also how these four students performed their de(re)territorialization processes within the narratives created by themselves. Therefore, it was analyzed a corpus composed of (i) interactions occurred during given classes which were audio-recorded in 2008, while students were preparing themselves for Celpe-Bras; (ii) informal conversations with the four students which happened right after the exam, in 2008, and between 2010 and 2012, while they were taking second, third and fourth years at college as undergraduate students; (iii) informal conversations with those who were responsible for PEC-G Agreement both within the University and within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; (iv) researcher's retrospective diary; (v) texts produced by the four students; (vi) e-mails exchanged with them between 2009 and 2013. In order to perform analysis, a few theoretical concepts were taken into consideration, such as positioning (LANGENHOVE & HARRÉ, 1999), performativity (BUTLER, 2010/1990), de(re)territorialization (DELEUZE & GUATTARI, 2007/1980a, 2007/1980b, 2007/1980c; HAESBAERT, 2004), and the indexical cues chart proposed by Wortham (2001), which was expanded with other categories that came about supported by data analysis. The results of the analysis pointed out that the four students understand Celpe-Bras Exam as an important instrument that can help student inclusion into social and academic relations, and that it can significantly lead to appropriation of space (LEFEBVRE, 1986/1974) and to the construction of multiterritorialization. Concerning PEC-G, it is narrated as an instrument that mainly controls and inhibits appropriation of space, producing very often either the perception of precarious territorialization (HAESBAERT, 2004) or the experience of situations measured by prejudice, not belongingness and exclusion. The analysis of students' narratives also pointed out that it seems necessary to reconsider how PEC-G Program is run, how it works regarding its complex connection with both Brazilian embassies abroad and Brazilian host universities / Doutorado / Multiculturalismo, Plurilinguismo e Educação Bilingue / Doutora em Lingüística Aplicada

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le programme de recherche empirique et technologique du «cours d’action » (Theureau, 1992) en anthropologie cognitive. Elle étudie la conception, l’usage et les effets d’un dispositif collectif de vidéo-formation, destiné à des étudiants de Licence STAPS pour développer leur capacité à analyser et comprendre des situations de classe en Éducation physique et sportive (EPS), à l’échelle de la leçon. Deux visées sont poursuivies : a) une visée épistémique cherchant à mieux comprendre les formes d’activité et d’expérience déployées par les étudiants en situation de vidéo-formation et b) une visée de conception technologique du dispositif de vidéo-formation orienté « activité » et répondant à une démarche de conception continuée dans l’usage. L’étude a été réalisée avec un groupe d’étudiants (n=15) inscrits dans une UE de préprofessionnalisation en 3ème année de Licence Éducation et Motricité en STAPS. Cinq types de données ont été recueillies durant le dispositif alternant des périodes de stages et de TD à l’Université : (i) des données d’enregistrement vidéo de l’activité en classe des étudiants durant le stage et aussi en formation, (ii) des traces écrites produites par les étudiants en stage et en formation (journaux de bord), (iii) des données d’entretien d’autoconfrontation sur leur activité en classe et (iv) sur leurs traces écrites, et (v) des données quantitatives et qualitatives issues de questionnaires. Les résultats révèlent (i) une appropriation par les étudiants d’une grille leur permettant d’analyser une leçon d’EPS et d’en discrétiser les moments-clés, (ii) une expérience vécue en vidéo-formation qui traduit une inclination réflexive sur les moments de face à face pédagogique dans la leçon d’EPS, (iii) quatre formes typiques d’analyse des vidéos de classe (décrire, juger, interpréter, se projeter), témoignant d’une activité d’observation centrée sur l’enseignant en classe comme manager, et d’une cécité aux apprentissages moteurs des élèves ; (iv) le rôle des pairs comme accélérateur de la capacité à analyser les pratiques de classe. Ces résultats relatifs à l’activité des étudiants en formation ont permis d’envisager conjointement la conception de différentes phases du dispositif, finalisée par une première plateforme de formation en ligne « Former à l’intervention en EPS » (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2014a), puis une seconde « Observation et Régul@ction en EPS » (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2016) / This thesis is part of the empirical and technological research program of the "course of action" (Theureau, 1992) in cognitive anthropology. She is studying the design, use and effects of a collective video-training device for undergraduate students in Physical Education to develop their ability to analyze and understand classroom situations in Physical Education. Two aims are pursued: a) an epistemic aim seeking to better understand the forms of activity and experience deployed by students in a video-training situation and b) a technological design aim of the "activity-oriented" video-training device and responding to a design in use process. The study was conducted with a group of students (n = 15) enrolled in a pre-professionalization course in the third year degree in Physical Education Teacher Education. Five types of data were collected during the device based on periods of internships and workshop at University: (i) video recording data of student's classroom activity during the internship and also during workshop, (ii) written records produced by students during internship and workshop, (iii) self-confrontation interview data on their activity in classroom and (iv) in their written records, and (v) quantitative and qualitative data from surveys. The results reveal (i) students' appropriation of a grid allowing them to analyze PE lesson and to analyze the key moments, (ii) a lived experience in video-training which reflects a reflexive inclination on pedagogical face-to-face moments in the PE lesson, (iii) four typical forms of classroom video analysis (describe, judge, interpret, project), evidence of teacher-centered observation activity in classroom as a manager, and a blindness to student motor learning activity; (iv) the role of peers as an accelerator of the ability to analyze class practices. These results relating to the activity of students in training made it possible to jointly consider the design of different phases of the system, finalized by a first online training platform "Former à l’intervention en EPS" (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2014a), then a second "Observation e tRégul@tion en EPS" (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2016)

Submitted by Mario Mesquita (mbarroso@fiocruz.br) on 2017-03-07T18:37:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana_Paula_Caetano_EPSJV_Mestrado_2016.pdf: 2713436 bytes, checksum: 7edaccb98df5c606eb507aeb6821a3c9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Mario Mesquita (mbarroso@fiocruz.br) on 2017-03-07T18:39:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana_Paula_Caetano_EPSJV_Mestrado_2016.pdf: 2713436 bytes, checksum: 7edaccb98df5c606eb507aeb6821a3c9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-07T18:39:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana_Paula_Caetano_EPSJV_Mestrado_2016.pdf: 2713436 bytes, checksum: 7edaccb98df5c606eb507aeb6821a3c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / Trata-se de projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido no âmbito do Programa Pós-graduação em Educação Profissional em Saúde da EPSJV/Fiocruz, o qual tem como objeto de pesquisa o Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica – PIBIC realizado na ENSP. A investigação se deu à luz da discussão da Iniciação Científica e a formação profissional para saúde pública. Teve como objetivos a) descrever e caracterizar o PIBIC na ENSP; b) mapear as práticas de Iniciação Científica na ENSP; c) identificar o perfil dos alunos e dos orientadores que participam do PIBIC na ENSP e d) identificar e propor estratégias de aperfeiçoamento e ampliação do PIBIC. A pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa e se apoiou na revisão bibliográfica de teses, trabalhos publicados, na análise de documentos produzidos pela ENSP e Fiocruz sobre políticas institucionais de pesquisa com destaque para iniciação científica, além da análise das bases de dados do PIBIC mantidas pela ENSP e pela Fiocruz referentes ao período de 2005 a 2014. Uma das principais fontes deste estudo foram os dados extraídos do currículo lattes dos alunos e orientadores vinculados ao programa PIBIC/CNPq/ENSP. Os resultados alcançados foram à sistematização dos dados do PIBIC na ENSP, a identificação do perfil dos alunos, o mapeamento do perfil dos egressos e sua trajetória acadêmica. Verificou-se, ao final, que mesmo com a ausência de uma política institucional para o PIBIC na Unidade, o programa cumpre o papel estabelecido pelo CNPq de incentivo a formação acadêmica e qualificação para a pesquisa. / This is a research project developed within the framework of the Graduate Program in Health Professional Education EPSJV/Fiocruz. The goal was to investigate the Institutional Scholarship Program for Scientific Initiation for undergraduate students - PIBIC held at ENSP, considering the scope of scientific initiation of undergraduate students in Public Health. The aim was to a) describe and characterize the PIBIC at ENSP; b) map the scientific initiation practices in ENSP; c) identify the profile of the students and mentors participating in the PIBIC at ENSP and d) identify and propose strategies for improvement and expansion of PIBIC. The research is quantitative and supported by literature review of theses, published works, the analysis of documents produced by the ENSP and Fiocruz on institutional research policies with emphasis on scientific research, as well as analysis of PIBIC at ENSP using using databases kept by ENSP and Fiocruz, corresponding to the period from 2005 to 2014. One of the main sources of this study were the data extracted from Lattes curriculum of the students and advisors that participated in the PIBIC program/CNPq/ENSP. The results were the systematization of data in PIBIC ENSP , the identification of the student profile, the profile mapping of the graduates and their academic career . It was at the end , even with the absence of an institutional policy for the PIBIC the Unit, the program fulfills the role established by CNPq to encourage academic training and qualifications for research.

Objectives Different studies have reported the association between perceived stress and unhealthy diet choices. We aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between perceived stress and fat intake among undergraduate medical students. Methods/Principal findings A cross-sectional study was performed including first-year medical students. The outcome of interest was the self-report of fat intake assessed using the Block Screening Questionnaire for Fat Intake (high vs. low intake), whereas the exposure was perceived stress (low/ normal vs. high levels). The prevalence of high fat intake was estimated and the association of interest was determined using prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Models were created utilizing Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Data from 523 students were analyzed, 52.0% female, mean age 19.0 (SD 1.7) years. The prevalence of high fat intake was 42.4% (CI: 38.2%–46.7%). In multivariate model and compared with those with lowest levels of stress, those in the middle (PR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.20–2.12) and highest (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.46–2.53) categories of perceived stress had greater prevalence of fat intake. Gender was an effect modifier of this association (p = 0.008). Conclusions Greater levels of perceived stress were associated with higher fat intake, and this association was stronger among males. More than 40% of students reported having high fat consumption. Our results suggest the need to implement strategies that promote decreased fat intake.