Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar o fenômeno da pluriatividade nos pequenos estabelecimentos familiares do espaço rural do município de Nova Friburgo, localizado na região Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Retomando a ênfase (presente em trabalho anterior) nos efeitos sociais promovidos pela inserção do espaço rural municipal em uma lógica de mercado, e, levando em consideração as cautelas que devem ser tomadas, no âmbito nacional, na utilização de tal noção, a nossa intenção foi a de questionarmos as valorações que vêm sendo atribuídas a esse fenômeno (de possibilidade de diversificação de emprego e renda; melhoria das condições de vida das populações rurais; e, até mesmo, do estabelecimento de um espaço rural dotado de múltiplas funções), a partir de uma realidade como a friburguense. Esta se, por um lado, é marcada pela significativa expressão espacial dos pequenos estabelecimentos familiares e por um quadro econômico, relativamente, diversificado, por outro lado, também, sofre os efeitos da implementação de um modelo de modernização da agricultura, extremamente excludente e desigual, e, em menor escala, do avanço de um intenso processo de urbanização. Analisado como estratégia de sobrevivência e reprodução no recorte espacial mencionado, os desdobramentos do fenômeno da pluriatividade identificados no mesmo, de certo, complexificam a realidade estudada, ficando a dialética entre relações capitalistas e não-capitalistas, balizada, grosso modo, pela permanência da agricultura com ênfase no trabalho familiar, de um lado, e pela expansão de uma lógica urbano-industrial que, além (e para além) de relações setoriais, também, envolve a inserção de membros das famílias dos pequenos produtores em outras atividades, não-agrícolas, de outro. Para que fosse atingido, portanto, o objetivo proposto, a operacionalização adotada consistiu tanto no levantamento bibliográfico acerca da temática escolhida quanto na realização de vários trabalhos de campo, direcionados a pequenos estabelecimentos familiares de algumas localidades dos vários distritos do município, assim como a órgãos públicos, ligados à produção agrícola, ao turismo e às indústrias de confecções de moda íntima. / This essays objective is to analyze the idea of pluriactivité in the small family farms of Nova Friburgos rural space, localized in the Serrana region of Rio de Janeiro state. In a return of the emphasis (presents in previous work) on the social effects caused by the inclusion of the rural space in the capitalist logic, and considering the cares we must take when using that idea in the analysis of the national reality, our intention has been to question the ideas that have been given to the pluriactivité (possibility of different earnings and jobs; improving rural peoples life; and even of a rural space with different functions), based on Nova Friburgos reality. This, if its marked by a significant spatial expression of small family farms, and by a relatively varied economic table, in the other hand, also suffers the effects caused by the establishment of a agriculture modernization model, extremely excluding and unequal, and, in a smaller scale, by an intense urbanization process approach. The pluriactivités examples, which have been identified in the municipality rural space like survival and reproduction strategies, certainly, make the studied reality more complex, and leave the dialectic between capitalists e no capitalists relations marked by the remaining of the agriculture based on family work, in one hand, and by an industrial urban logic approach, that plus the relations based on sections, also involves, in the other hand, the inclusion of small family farms in other activities, no relate to agriculture. To reach the objective that has been proposed, the used procedures have been bibliographic researches about the chosen subject and camp researches in the small family farms of some municipality districts localities, added up the interviews to public establishments, related to the agriculture production, the tourism and the underclothes factories

Lima’s city wall was completed in 1687, creating a physical boundary between the urban space and its rural surroundings. Yet well before this date, the division between city and countryside had been established. Water governance wasone arena in which this can be observed. Officially, all water in Lima and its rural surroundings fell under the jurisdiction of Lima’s cabildo. However, the viceroy and Real Audiencia were also frequently involved in water governance, sometimes in direct conflict with the cabildo. This article analyzes the debate over the roles of these branches of government during the entire colonial period. / En 1687 fue concluida la muralla de Lima, creando una frontera tangible entre el espacio urbano y rural. No obstante, mucho antes de esa fecha la división entre ciudad y campo ya había sido establecida. Esto puede observarse en la forma de administrar el agua. Oficialmente, el agua de Lima y sus alrededores rurales estaba bajo la administración del cabildo limeño. Sin embargo, el virrey y la real audiencia estuvieron frecuentemente envueltos en la administración hidráulica, a veces en directa confrontación con el cabildo. Este artículo analiza el debate sobre los roles de estas instituciones durante todo el periodo colonial.

This study discusses the urban-rural relationship and space production, presenting the centrality of the labor force as basis, and as empirical arguments: the city of Vitória da Conquista-BA. Hence, the study aims to analyze the links of the rural with the urban and space production, based on the mobility of the labor force in this city. The theoretical foundation discusses the conceptual approaches of the urban-rural relationship, the concepts and historical evolution of labor, with its different phases, as well as migration conceptions and historicity, human movements and mobility, in order to answer questions regarding the urban-rural relationship. In terms of methodological aspects, an intense bibliographic review and application of questionnaires was carried out. In addition, semi-structured interviews and direct observation were performed from 2014 to 2018. The analyses provided support to the findings which go beyond the objectives of the proposed research project regarding the urbanrural relationship, since a broad study on rural population was carried out, to understand the connection it has to its municipality. In the investigation process, a significant connection between the countryside with Vitória da Conquista was observed through several elements, nonetheless the labor force mobility stands out. It was also noted that this displacement does not lead to a significant loss in the connection and condition of rural citizen. The fixed and social-spatial flows were also identified, which result from the displacement of people according to their labor activities, as well as the contributive factors to such process. Furthermore, the space production was found as an intrinsic procedure to guide the process of urban-rural relationship, since the movement of people from one place to the other dialectically affects the space, both rural and urban. Additionally, the research revealed the absence of some infrastructural aspects in the villages, such as: mailing services, banks, lottery kiosks, hospitals, schools, police precinct, among others. This deficiency causes an intense articulation with the municipality, for people stated they need to move around daily to use bank, health, education services, and still need to go to the city to buy groceries, clothes and other goods, as the villages do not have sufficient commerce to satisfy daily product’s needs. The analyses revealed the precariousness of labor that is the reality of the rural citizen of Vitória da Conquista, as the rates of unemployed and unregistered workers are high. Moreover, poor levels of schooling were observed, with evidence of astonishing illiteracy. This fact is closely related to the labor activities rural workers perform, namely: housekeepers, construction workers, maids, security guards, janitors, etc. In such sense, the thesis that labor is a key category in the urban-rural relationship in the city of Vitória da Conquista-BA is confirmed. / Este estudo discute a relação campo-cidade e a produção do espaço, apresentando como base fundante a centralidade da força de trabalho, e sustentação empírica o município de Vitória da Conquista-BA. Portanto, o estudo tem como o objetivo analisar as vinculações do rural com o urbano e a produção do espaço, fundando-se na mobilidade da força de trabalho, neste município. O alicerce teórico discute as abordagens conceituais da relação campo cidade, os conceitos e a evolução histórica do trabalho, preenchida por suas diferentes fases, bem como as concepções e historicidade das migrações, deslocamentos e mobilidades humanas, no intuito de responder a questionamentos acerca da relação do rural com o urbano. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, foi efetivada uma intensa revisão bibliográfica e aplicados questionários. Além disso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações diretas, nos anos de 2014 a 2018. As análises deram suporte às descobertas que vão para além dos objetivos propostos no projeto de pesquisa acerca da relação campo-cidade, pois foi realizado um amplo estudo sobre a população rurícola, para entender a ligação que ela possui com a sede do seu município. No processo de investigação, verificou-se uma articulação significativa do campo com Vitória da Conquista, por meio de vários elementos, mas a mobilidade da força do trabalho é o que mais se destaca. Constatou-se, ainda, que esse deslocamento não provoca, de forma expressiva, a perda do vínculo e da condição de homem rural. Foram identificados, também, os fixos e fluxos socioespaciais advindos do deslocamento de pessoas em função de suas atividades laborativas, bem como os fatores que contribuem para este processo. Ademais, descobriu-se a produção do espaço como procedimento intrínseco ao processo norteador da relação campo-cidade, pois o movimento que as pessoas realizam de um lugar para outro produz dialeticamente o espaço, tanto do rural quanto do urbano. Além disso, a pesquisa revelou a falta de alguns aspectos infraestruturais nas vilas, como: serviços de correios, bancos, lotéricas, hospitais, escolas, delegacia, dentre outros. Esta carência promove uma articulação intensa com a sede do município, porque as pessoas declararam que necessitam se deslocar, cotidianamente, para utilização de serviços bancários, de saúde, de educação e ainda precisam ir à cidade para fazer compras de alimentos, de roupas e de outros bens, uma vez que as vilas não possuem comércio que supra as necessidades dos produtos utilizados no dia a dia. As análises revelaram a precariedade do trabalho em que vive o homem da zona rural de Vitória da Conquista, pois os índices de trabalhadores que não possuem vínculo empregatício e direitos trabalhistas são altos. Além do mais, observou-se, também, um grau de escolaridade baixo, com indicativos surpreendentes de analfabetismo. Este fato está intimamente relacionado com as atividades que os trabalhadores rurícolas desenvolvem, quais sejam: empregadas domésticas, pedreiros, faxineiras, vigilantes, zeladores etc. Nesse sentido, confirma-se a tese de que a mobilidade da força de trabalho é uma categoria central na relação entre campo e cidade, no município de Vitória da Conquista-BA. / São Cristóvão, SE

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-16T14:29:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandradejesusmedinaschiavo.pdf: 5086563 bytes, checksum: f072e9b1f26715223bb09b768b1ffb6d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-28T11:30:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandradejesusmedinaschiavo.pdf: 5086563 bytes, checksum: f072e9b1f26715223bb09b768b1ffb6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T11:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandradejesusmedinaschiavo.pdf: 5086563 bytes, checksum: f072e9b1f26715223bb09b768b1ffb6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / As reflexões desenvolvidas nessa pesquisa tem como foco o processo de produção do es-paço nas pequenas cidades pensando, sobretudo, nas interações entre o urbano e o rural em Matipó – MG. Esse município compõe uma região de outras tantas cidadezinhas que, res-guardadas as peculiaridades individuais, possuem uma dinâmica similar em que cidade e campo se inter-relacionam através da prática socioespacial dos sujeitos locais. Optou-se por pensar essas relações e as manifestações das urbanidades e ruralidades mediante os usos do espaço matipoense pelos trabalhadores rurais, estudantes, cidadãos usuários das instâncias de saúde, dentre outros, e das formas como vai se delineando a produção espaci-al a partir da escolha de algumas dimensões importantes: a cafeicultura e o trabalho exerci-do nessa atividade, o setor de saúde, a educação básica e o ensino médio e superior. Abor-da-se também a dinâmica do solo e a expansão de novos loteamentos na cidade e um re-cente fomento à construção de chácaras e sítios de passeio no campo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram compreender que essas dimensões se articulam e se movimentam em ambos os sentidos, cidade-campo e campo-cidade demonstrando a complementaridade urbano-rural existente nessa escala. / The reflections developed in this research focuses in the production process in small town spaces, thinking mainly in the interactions between urban and rural in Matipó – MG. This town composes a region with a lot of other small towns that, except the individual peculiar-ities, have a similar dynamic in that town and countryside are interrelated through socio-spatial practices of local subjects. We chose thinking about these relationships and the ur-banities and ruralities manifestations by the uses of matipoense space by rural workers, students, users of health instances among others, and the ways as the spatial production will taking shape from the choice of some important dimensions: the coffee farming and the work done in this activity, the health sector, the basic education, high school and col-lege. We also discuss the soil dynamic and the expansion of new allotments in the town and a recent incentive to build small farms and country houses to field trips. The results allowed us to understand that this dimensions are linked and they move in both directions, town-countryside and countryside-town showing the complementary urban-rural in that range.

Née au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale et longtemps restée marginale, la viticulture biologique connaît depuis une dizaine d’années un essor remarquable en France. L’engouement pour les vins biologiques, tant dans leur production que dans leur consommation, est porté par la progression des préoccupations environnementales vis-à-vis de l’utilisation de pesticides, et par une critique croissante de la standardisation des modes de fabrication du vin. Pourtant, au sein du monde vitivinicole, la viticulture biologique peine à s’imposer comme une réponse pertinente à ces enjeux d’actualité. Sa progression en demi-teinte questionne la capacité des acteurs des territoires vitivinicoles à s’en saisir. Cette thèse met au jour les logiques spatiales et temporelles à l’œuvre dans la diffusion de la viticulture biologique en France, lame de fond dont les mutations vont au-delà de la seule finalité environnementale. La viticulture biologique répond à des déterminants pluriels, économiques, gustatifs, éthiques, sanitaires, qui manifestent un renouvellement global du lien entre vin, viticulture et territoire. Elle rend compte du renouvellement des aspirations des sociétés urbaines à l’égard du vin, des vignerons qui les produisent et des campagnes. L’analyse géographique de cette diffusion, de sa portée et de ses limites révèle que la viticulture biologique est le témoin et le moteur de transformations profondes dans le monde vitivinicole. Elle s’inscrit dans les questionnements d’une géographie vitivinicole et rurale française en profond renouvellement. L’approche territoriale mise en œuvre dans ce travail permet d’analyser la diffusion de la viticulture biologique à travers la lecture des relations entre des acteurs de plus en plus nombreux et variés au sein des vignobles. La grille de lecture adoptée est centrée sur les vignerons, principaux moteurs de la diffusion de la viticulture biologique, dont le rôle est représentatif de l’évolution des relations entre villes et campagnes. L’étude des pratiques, des discours et des représentations est au cœur de la réflexion. Les processus à l’œuvre sont analysés dans l’ensemble du vignoble français. L’étude plus particulière de deux régions viticoles, le Bordelais et la Vallée du Rhône permet de saisir les dynamiques territoriales de cette diffusion dans toute leur complexité. / Organic viticulture, which emerged in France after the Second World War and long remained marginal, has been booming for ten years now. The craze for organic wines, in terms of both production and consumption, is driven by the increase of environmental concerns regarding the use of pesticides, and by growing criticism of the standardization of wine manufacturing methods. Yet, organic viticulture is still struggling to emerge in the wine sector as a relevant solution to these current issues. Its mixed results question the ability of stakeholders in wine territories to embrace organic viticulture. This thesis explores the spatial and temporal processes at work in the dissemination of organic viticulture in France, as a groundswell whose transformations go beyond environmental purposes. Organic viticulture addresses plural determinants, – economics, tastes, ethics, health – as symptoms of an overall renewal of the relationships between wine, viticulture and territory. It reflects the shifting aspirations of urban societies concerning wine, wineries and rural areas. The geographical analysis of its dissemination, scope and limitations reveals that organic viticulture is both the witness and the driving force of deep transformations in the wine world. The latter is analyzed within a broader framework of issues in French rural and wine geography, currently undergoing a major upheaval. The territorial approach of this research analyses the dissemination of organic viticulture through the lens of increasingly numerous and varied relationships between actors in vineyards. Our grid focuses on winemakers, considered the main drivers of the spread of organic viticulture and whose role is representative of the changing relationship between urban and rural areas. The study of practices, discourses and representations is at the center of our approach. The undergoing processes are analysed in the whole French vineyard. The specific study of two wine regions, the Bordelais and the Rhône Valley, captures the complex territorial dynamics of this dissemination.

Dans un monde où plus de la moitié de la population mondiale vit en ville, les espaces verts constituent une composante fondamentale du paysage urbain car ils fournissent de nombreux services environnementaux (e.g. purification de l'air et de l'eau, filtrage du vent et du bruit, atténuation de l’îlot de chaleur urbain), mais également des services sociaux et psychologiques (e.g. développement des liens sociaux, réduction du stress) qui revêtent une importance cruciale pour l'habitabilité des villes modernes et le bien-être des citadins. L’efficacité des services écologiques rendus par les espaces verts en ville dépend de la qualité de leur sol et de leur fonctionnement général, et des conditions abiotiques et biotiques dans lesquelles ils se trouvent. De nombreuses études ont mis en évidence l’impact direct et indirect des activités humaines sur les sols urbains. Les pressions anthropiques qu’ils subissent modifient d’une manière très complexe leurs caractéristiques, et impactent donc leur qualité. La qualité des sols urbains est donc aujourd’hui un enjeu majeur pour la durabilité des villes de demain. Le présent projet de thèse a ainsi cherché à évaluer les effets de la pression urbaine sur les composantes de la qualité des sols d’espaces verts publics de la région Île-de-France à travers l’utilisation d’un gradient de pression urbaine innovant, et selon deux usages de sols (pelouses et bois). Dans un deuxième temps, ce travail de thèse a également cherché à déterminer si la calorimétrie différentielle couplée à l’analyse infra-rouge gazeuse (DSC–EGA) était une méthode adaptée à l’évaluation de la qualité de la matière organique des sols (MOS) urbains, et sur une échelle régionale. Tous les sols sélectionnés dans ce projet de thèse sont classifiés comme Anthrosol... / In a world where more than half of the world's population lives in cities, green spaces are a fundamental component of the urban landscape, providing many environmental services (e.g. air and water purification, wind and noise filtering, urban heat island attenuation), but also social and psychological services (e.g. development of social bonds, stress reduction) which are of crucial importance for the habitability of modern cities and the well-being of urban dwellers. The effectiveness of ecological services provided by green areas in the city depends on the quality of their soils and their general functioning, but also on the abiotic and biotic conditions in which they are located. Numerous studies have highlighted the direct and indirect impact of human activities on urban soils. The anthropogenic pressures they undergo alter their characteristics in a complex way, thus affecting their quality. Urban soil quality is therefore a major challenge for the sustainability of the cities of tomorrow. This thesis project sought to assess the urban pressure effects on the soil quality components of the Paris region public green spaces through the use of an innovative urban pressure gradient, and according to two land-use types (lawns and woods). Secondly, this work also sought to determine whether differential scanning calorimetry coupled with evolved gaz analyzer (DSC–EGA) was a suitable method for assessing the organic matter of urban soils (SOM), and on a regional scale. All soils selected in this thesis project are classified as Anthrosol...

Derived from the education division of China, this study emphasizes the urban-rural divide in students’ results of the NCEE (National College Entrance Examination). The NCEE is the official selection examination for higher education and the final examination of high school in Mainland China. As the major criterion in higher education selection, the divide can be found in the NCEE results of urban and rural students in which urban students are able to get higher grades than rural students. Aiming to discover the urban-rural divide in the NCEE results from how students prepare the NCEE in their high schools, this study uses a case of graduates of a “super high school” as an example. A “super high school” is a type of high school where achieving top performances of the NCEE is the goal of all pedagogic activities. Both urban and rural students can be enrolled in a “super high school”. The “super high schools” are common in overpopulated areas of China. In one way, the differences of urban and rural students in their high school studies can be perceived within a “super high school”; furthermore, the certain pedagogical activities of a “super high school” may influence students’ behaviours and trigger the urban-rural divide. Based on the theoretical frameworks of Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of capital, his theory of symbolic violence, and Erving Goffman’s theory of total institution, ten high school graduates as well as three of their high school teachers are interviewed in this study. The analysis focuses on three aspects, the differences between urban and rural students in terms of their educational resources and practices in high school, their behaviours in a “super high school”, and their attitudes towards the NCEE system. In summary, this study finds out that firstly, urban parents have more economic capital, social capital, and cultural capital than rural parents and they can offer more educational resources to their children in high school. Secondly, urban students are not very supportive of the “super high school” model but they can get more help from their teachers, while rural students strongly follow the “super high school” model but they don’t often get more help from their teachers. Last but not least, rural students attach great importance to the NCEE and their NCEE results, but urban students do not always think so.

La grossesse est une période sensible et déterminante pour le développement de l’enfant et l’état de santé à l’âge adulte. L'adaptation biologique et physiologique de l'organisme face à des « stresseurs » physiques et psychosociaux au cours de cette période peut ainsi exercer ses effets à l'âge adulte (et possiblement sur plusieurs générations). Cette toxicité différée suppose intrinsèquement la nécessité d’étudier les conséquences des expositions environnementales au cours de la vie foetale et ce suivant une approche holistique intégrant autant les facteurs de risque à des niveaux micro (caractéristiques individuelles) et macro (expositions physiques externes et contexte psycho-social). Etant donné l’hétérogénéité du territoire breton dans lequel s’inscrit ce travail de thèse, nous avons cherché à explorer l’impact des inégalités sociales et de l’environnement physique (pollution atmosphérique) sur l’issue de la grossesse (croissance foetale et risque de prématurité) indépendamment chez des femmes enceintes résidant dans des zones urbaines et rurales. Ce travail s’est appuyé sur les données issues de la cohorte bretonne mère-enfant PELAGIE, qui a inclus 3421 femmes enceintes entre 2002- 2006. Les paramètres anthropométriques et l’âge gestationnel à la naissance ont été renseignés à l’accouchement par le personnel médical. Le contexte urbain et rural breton a été caractérisé à partir de la définition des unités urbaines de l’INSEE. Les concentrations annuelles de pollution atmosphérique (dioxyde d’azote (NO2)) ont été modélisées à une échelle de 100 m à partir d’un modèle de "land-use regression" développé à l’échelle européenne. Enfin, le niveau socio-économique des IRIS a été estimé à l’aide d’un indice de désavantage social - construit à partir des données du recensement de l’INSEE et dont la validité et l’adaptabilité à des territoires à la fois urbains et ruraux a été examinée au préalable. Nos résultats suggèrent une influence délétère d’un contexte de vie socioéconomique défavorable sur la croissance intra-utérine, spécifiquement chez les femmes résidant en milieu rural. Nous avons également observé une augmentation du risque de prématurité associée à des niveaux > 16.4 μg.m-3 de NO2 dans l’air, à l’inverse, uniquement chez les femmes résidant dans des zones urbaines. Les associations entre l’exposition à la pollution atmosphérique et les marqueurs de la croissance intra-utérine, bien que sexe-spécifiques, ne semblent en revanche pas varier sensiblement suivant le gradient urbain-rural. Ce travail confirme la nécessité d’évaluer l’influence des inégalités sociales et environnementales sur le développement intra-utérin et de considérer l’importance et le rôle du contexte de vie, notamment urbain-rural, dans la formation de ces inégalités. / Pregnancy is a sensitive and critical period for the development of the child and the health of adults-to-be. The biological and physiological adaptation of the body dealing physical and psychosocial stressors during this period may exert its effects in adulthood (and possibly over several generations). This delayed toxicity presupposes intrinsically the need to study the effects of exposure to environmental risk factors during fetal life using a holistic approach involving risk factors at both the micro (individual characteristics) and the macro level (physical and psycho-social context). Given the heterogeneity of the Breton territory in which this work was conducted, we explored whether the impact of social inequalities and the physical environment (air pollution) on birth outcomes (fetal growth and the risk of prematurity) could be modified according to an urban or rural place of residence. This work was based on data collected as part of the Breton mother-child cohort PELAGIE, which had included 3421 pregnant women between 2002- 2006. The anthropometric parameters and gestational age at birth were measured by medical personnel at delivery. We defined urban and rural areas according to the definition of “urban units” from the National Census Bureau (INSEE). The annual concentrations of air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) were estimated using a land-use regression modeled at a 100 m scale and developed as part of an European project. Finally, neighbourhood deprivation was estimated using a composite index developed at census blocks level and whose use was legitimated over both urban and rural areas. Neighbourhood deprivation was associated with an increased risk of infants with fetal growth restriction, only for women living in rural areas. We also observed an increased risk of preterm birth associated with NO2 concentrations > 16.4 μg.m-3, only among women residing in urban areas. The associations between air pollution and fetal growth, although sex-specific, did not seem on the other hand, to vary significantly according to the urban-rural spectrum. This work confirms the need to explore the influence of both social and environmental inequalities on intrauterine development, and to assess the role of place-based factors, such as the urban-rural context, in shaping these inequalities.

No description available.

[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as transformações espaciais e as novas relações urbano-rurais nas localidades de Vargem Grande (Teresópolis-RJ) e Barracão dos Mendes (Nova Friburgo – RJ) a partir dos desenvolvimentos geográficos desiguais. O estudo das relações entre rural e urbano ganha contornos específicos no atual contexto de metropolização do espaço. As mudanças no campo, com o crescimento de atividades não-agrícolas e a diversificação dos sujeitos que atuam neste espaço, operam na construção de novas espacialidades, complexificando o rural em meio a uma mistura de símbolos, imaginários e representações. Tais transformações serão analisadas por uma perspectiva dialética, apreendendo o espaço a partir de uma abordagem centrada nos desenvolvimentos geográficos desiguais e tendo nas representações elementos mediadores para assimilar as múltiplas escalas articuladas na produção do espaço. O bairro de Vargem Grande e a localidade rural de Barracão dos Mendes são destacados como exemplos da heterogeneidade dos espaços em metropolização, constituindo arranjos particulares em meio à conjuntura de integração e ruptura própria da dinâmica fluida da acumulação do capital. Assim, dentre as inúmeras manifestações, o preço da terra, o padrão da renda familiar e as representações do espaço serão analisados enquanto evidências da transformação das relações urbano-rurais neste contexto de metropolização, tendo em vista os efeitos da expansão do fenômeno urbano-metropolitano para além das fronteiras das cidades. / [en] This dissertation aims to analyze the spatial transformations and the new urban-rural relations in the localities of Vargem Grande (Teresópolis-RJ) and Barracão dos Mendes (Nova Friburgo-RJ) from the perspective of uneven geographical developments. The study of the relations between rural and urban gains specific contours in the current context of metropolization of space. The changes in the countryside, with the growth of non-agricultural activities and the diversification of the subjects from this space, operate in the construction of new spatialities, making the rural complex amidst a mixture of symbols, imaginaries and representations. Such transformations will be analyzed by a dialectical perspective, apprehending space from an approach centered on uneven geographical developments and having in the representations mediating elements to assimilate the multiple scales articulated in the production of space. The neighborhood of Vargem Grande and the rural location of Barracão dos Mendes are highlighted as examples of the heterogeneity of spaces in metropolization, constituting particular arrangements in the midst of the conjuncture of integration and rupture proper of the fluid dynamics of capital accumulation. Thus, among the numerous manifestations, the price of land, the family income pattern and the representations of space will be analyzed as evidence of the transformation of urban-rural relations in this context of metropolization, considering the effects of the expansion of the urban-metropolitan phenomenon beyond the borders of cities.