Denna studie utreder möjligheterna till design för ett hållbart konsumtionsbeteende i syfte att motverka matsvinn i hushåll. Med ett användarcentrerat fokus undersöks detta genom tekniker från Design for Sustainable Behaviour och Nudging. Kylskåpet används som fokusområde för att identifiera behov i användandet för att minska matsvinnet genom lösningar inuti och utanför kylskåpet. Genom metoder såsom Cultural probes, intervjuer, observationer och litteraturstudier anknutet till ett teoretiskt ramverk grundat i hållbar utveckling så presenteras designförslaget Food Members. Kunskapsbidraget består av insikten att det är möjligt att implementera kunskap om matens hållbarhetsbehov i kombination med användarnas behov inom ramen för en hållbar beteendeförändring i användarcentrerad design. / This study investigates the possibilities for design for sustainable consumption behavior in order to counteract food waste in households. With a user-centered focus, this is explored through techniques from Design for Sustainable Behavior and Nudging. The refrigerator is used as a focus area to identify needs for use in order to reduce food waste through solutions inside and outside the refrigerator. Through methods such as Cultural probes, interviews, observations and literature studies linked to a theoretical framework based on sustainable development, the design proposal Food Members is presented. The knowledge contribution consists of the insight that it is possible to implement knowledge about the food’s sustainability needs in combination with the users’ needs within the framework of a sustainable behavior change in user-centered design.

Business Intelligence (BI) enables organizations to collect and analyze internal and external business data to generate knowledge and business value, and provide decision support at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. The consolidation of data coming from many sources as a result of managerial and operational business processes, usually referred to as Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) is itself a statically defined process and knowledge workers have little to no control over the characteristics of the presentable data to which they have access. There are two main reasons that dictate the reassessment of this stiff approach in context of modern business environments. The first reason is that the service-oriented nature of today’s business combined with the increasing volume of available data make it impossible for an organization to proactively design efficient data management processes. The second reason is that enterprises can benefit significantly from analyzing the behavior of their business processes fostering their optimization. Hence, we took a first step towards quality-aware ETL process design automation by defining through a systematic literature review a set of ETL process quality characteristics and the relationships between them, as well as by providing quantitative measures for each characteristic. Subsequently, we produced a model that represents ETL process quality characteristics and the dependencies among them and we showcased through the application of a Goal Model with quantitative components (i.e., indicators) how our model can provide the basis for subsequent analysis to reason and make informed ETL design decisions. In addition, we introduced our holistic view for a quality-aware design of ETL processes by presenting a framework for user-centered declarative ETL. This included the definition of an architecture and methodology for the rapid, incremental, qualitative improvement of ETL process models, promoting automation and reducing complexity, as well as a clear separation of business users and IT roles where each user is presented with appropriate views and assigned with fitting tasks. In this direction, we built a tool —POIESIS— which facilitates incremental, quantitative improvement of ETL process models with users being the key participants through well-defined collaborative interfaces. When it comes to evaluating different quality characteristics of the ETL process design, we proposed an automated data generation framework for evaluating ETL processes (i.e., Bijoux). To this end, we classified the operations based on the part of input data they access for processing, which facilitated Bijoux during data generation processes both for identifying the constraints that specific operation semantics imply over input data, as well as for deciding at which level the data should be generated (e.g., single field, single tuple, complete dataset). Bijoux offers data generation capabilities in a modular and configurable manner, which can be used to evaluate the quality of different parts of an ETL process. Moreover, we introduced a methodology that can apply to concrete contexts, building a repository of patterns and rules. This generated knowledge base can be used during the design and maintenance phases of ETL processes, automatically exposing understandable conceptual representations of the processes and providing useful insight for design decisions. Collectively, these contributions have raised the level of abstraction of ETL process components, revealing their quality characteristics in a granular level and allowing for evaluation and automated (re-)design, taking under consideration business users’ quality goals.

Saab is a large swedish company providing a multitude of different products and services. This also means that Saab has to provide support and customer service for said products. Currently this is handled online in Support Portals, where customers and partners can access product information as well as an issue management system called SIRS. In the current situation the system is tailored for a desktop experience, and the workflow is therefore limited in terms of mobility. This project aims to allow the users to be more mobile by investigating the possibility of developing a mobile application for usage with SIRS. During the project a proof of concept of such an application has been developed. The implementation relies largely on using currently available api:s and when necessary porting some code from server to client side. By using various UX-related methods during the development of the application it is expected that the application is user friendly and fits the target audience. When looking at the result of the work, it is indeed possible to integrate a standalone mobile application with SIRS. The application also has usability which is comparable to the current system. However, some limitations were found that required rewriting the existing system to provide necessary data to client side applications like the one developed in this project. To conclude, the application is a proof of concept that shows what can be done without modifying the current system. Some of the major things that has to be modified before taking the application to production, such as stability concerns and testing, is also presented as results of the project.

Background: The main purpose of this research is to design and develop a cost-effective system for detection of Foreign Object Debris (FOD), dedicated to airports. FOD detection has been a significant problem at airports as it can cause damage to aircraft. Developing such a device to detect FOD may require complicated hardware and software structures. The proposed solution is based on a computer vision system, which comprises of flexible off the shelf components such as a Raspberry Pi and Camera Module, allowing the simplistic and efficient way to detect FOD. Methods: The solution to this research is achieved through User-centered design, which implies to design a system solution suitably and efficiently. The system solution specifications, objectives and limitations are derived from this User-centered design. The possible technologies are concluded from the required functionalities and constraints to obtain a real-time efficient FOD detection system. Results: The results are obtained using background subtraction for FOD detection and implementation of SSD (single-shot multi-box detector) model for FOD classification. The performance evaluation of the system is analysed by testing the system to detect FOD of different size for different distances. The web design is also implemented to notify the user in real-time when there is an occurrence of FOD. Conclusions: We concluded that the background subtraction and SSD model are the most suitable algorithms for the solution design with Raspberry Pi to detect FOD in a real-time system. The system performs in real-time, giving the efficiency of 84% for detecting medium-sized FOD such as persons at a distance of 75 meters and 72% efficiency for detecting large-sized FOD such as cars at a distance of 125 meters, and the average frame per second (fps) that is the system ’s performance in recording and processing frames of the area required to detect FOD is 0.95.

Spatial data is playing a bigger role within many fields outside of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. With more and more users with varying levels of previous spatial analysis experience using this kind of data, there is a growing demand on how this information is best presented to the user. This user-centered design is an increasingly common theme in other adjacent fields, but is still in its infancy in the field of GIS. Currently there is no obvious generalized solution that provides the answer to how to present data, no matter if it is spatial or not. How to present data in a smart and comprehensive way is still an everyday challenge across many fields. The objective of this thesis is to create a prototype of a web based Network Information System (NIS) where the layman user is in the center of the entire design process. This includes both the actual visualizations, but also the choice of tools and the interface design. The prototype is designed around the role of the customer service representative in a utility company using a NIS. This type of layman user is the kind of user that today works in a system that is designed with neither their role nor their GIT experience or training in mind. From this prototype, the efficacy of different visualization techniques on layman users is evaluated, producing more general guidelines for user-centered development directed at layman users. The first step of this user-centered design process is to understand the user. By interviewing users of the system, their current work flows and opinions of their current system are better understood. From this, information about which tools they need, which current features work well and which need revising is gathered. Based on this, a mock-up is created which is then transformed into a prototype. Finally, the prototype is evaluated by the target audience with comments on a presentation as well as a larger survey. The results show that in general the prototype is well-received with regards to existing functionality and how it is presented through the interface design. The implemented visualizations are well understood by most of the expert users, but are less successful with the layman users in the survey. Especially with regards to the icon choices and other point representations, there is a discrepancy between the intended visualization and the perception of the survey takers, which may partly be due to the lack of context presented. An appreciated fact is that the functionality implemented in the prototype is tailored to the requirements put forth by the users. User-centric design processes depend heavily on the developer's understanding of the user and their needs. This is as true for functionality as for visualizations, where familiarity and associations can be both beneficial and detrimental, depending on how well understood they are. Using icons to represent objects is very efficient, as long as the context and the meaning of the icons themselves are well defined and conveyed. Finally, it is imperative to not throw too much information at the user. Whether in the shape of too many tools and options, or by displaying too much on the map, the same clutter-problem occurs. When presenting a situation or a scenario, the core message cannot be obfuscated by unnecessary features, functions or choices.

Our behavior and our lifestyle habits are the foundation of our health, they affect the risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Today these non- communicable diseases are the leading cause of death. The Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIP) is one of very few population-oriented initiatives which, by offering all individuals aged 40, 50 and 60 a health intervention, aims to improve behavior and lifestyle habits in the population and thus increase the conditions for a healthier population and reduce healthcare related costs. The individual health interventions, performed every tenth year, was not designed to support individuals’ choices on a day-to-day basis between the health check-ups. Therefore, STAR-C an interdisciplinary research program, aims at developing a digital coaching system that could be used for supplying personalized digital coaching to support the evaluation and maintenance of healthy behavioral changes. This digital coaching system could, in the future, be used as complementary tool within VIP. The purpose of this study is to further explore these complements of a digital coach. This study presents a user-perspective from semi-structured interviews with VIP-participants and their views on a digital coach, what digital coach functions that could be useful and what kind of benefits this till could have being used as a complement to VIP. The results show that VIP-participants are missing tools for behavioral change support, and that factors such as personalization, motivation to and support during a behavioral change is important. Most important, for the participants in this study, was that a digital coach must be easy to use and user friendly.

The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the evolution of product semantics and its options in interactive system's design. This paper focuses on characteristics the emerge of product semantics and areas from which it derives. It also describes current methods of testing usability of interfaces that are optimalized by product semantics. Analyticcal part consists from interface analysis, testing using knowledge from product semantics and evaluation. Conclusion of this thesis is devoted to a concept proposal of design methodology using the knowledge from product semantics.

I denna studien undersöktes det om det går att använda produktdesign för att minska stressen för mammor vid offentlig amning. Syftet med studien var att hjälpa mammor att stressa ned och målet var att ta fram ett designförslag i form av en produkt för att uppfylla syftet.För att kunna lyckas med detta har användarcentrerad design legat till grund. Metoderna som använts är intervju, observation och enkät, och dessa gjordes på målgruppen nyblivna mammor. Vidare har studien krävt en marknadsundersökning för att se vilka produkter som redan existerar på marknaden. Även normkreativ design har använts för dels att uppmärksamma vilka problem som kan uppstå vid offentlig amning och samtidigt rikta kritik mot samhället för de alltför utbredda attityder om amning och dels för att föra studien framåt med hjälp av idégenereringar. Slutsatsen är, att det att behöva visa sig inför andra är den största orsaken till stress för mammorna vid amning. Självklart känner inte alla mammor så, men enligt flertalet av respondenterna i denna studien var detta deras största bekymmer när de vistades i andra miljöer än hemmet. Slutprodukten är ett designförslag på hur detta problemet skulle kunna lösas. Då alla individer är olika och har olika krav och åsikter kan inte en produkt behövas till alla, men enligt studien finns det en målgrupp för produkten. / This study examines whether product design can be used to reduce the stress for mothers during public breastfeeding. The purpose of the study was to help mothers to stress down, and the goal was to produce a design proposal in the form of a product with the purpose to succeed in this.In order to succeed, user-centered design has been the basis for the used methods, utilizing interviews, observations and questionnaires. this have been performed on the target group consisting of new mothers. Furthermore, the study has required a market research to see which products already exist on the market. Norm creativity design has also been used to pay attention to the problem of public breast-feeding and to criticize the society regarding the current attitudes on this, but also to help progression of the study by creation of ideas.In conclusion the biggest cause of stress for the mothers during public breastfeeding is having to bare yourself in the company of others. Of course, it is not a problem for all mothers, but in this study the majority of the respondents on whom the study is based, had dread of this. The end product is a design proposal on how this problem could be solved. Since all individuals are different, have different requirements and opinions, not all are in need of such a product, but according to the study there is a target group needing such help.

Sveriges befolkning ökar och det föds allt fler barn. Detta skapar ett stort tryck på förskoleplatser och kommunerna tvingas starta nya avdelningar och förskolor i lokaler som inte är anpassade till antalet barn. Hörselskador, stress, kommunikationssvårigheter och sömnsvårigheter är några av de följder som både barn och vuxna kan få av att exponeras i för höga bullernivåer.Studien syftar till att undersöka hur produktdesign kan användas för att minska bullret på förskolor. Studien har använt sig av en användarcentrerad designprocess där målgruppen, barnen och pedagogerna på förskolan, varit involverade genom hela arbetet.Det teoretiska ramverket innehåller buller, buller inom förskolan, förskolans inomhusmiljö och användarcentrerad design. Till det empiriska arbetet gjordes observationer, frågeformulär och intervjuer med målgruppen. Resultatet visar att de högsta bullernivåerna kommer från barnen själva och lokalerna som de vistas i, vid tillfällen mellan aktiviteter. Det slutliga produktförslaget är ett ljuddämpande pusselmoln som har flera funktioner och syftar till att underhålla barnen vid bland annat väntetid mellan aktiviteter. Studiens slutsats visar att det finns utvecklingsmöjligheter kring ljuddämpande produkter. / Sweden’s population is increasing, and more children are born. This creates great pressure on preschool places and the municipalities are forced to start new departments. Preschools in premises that are not adopted to the number of children. Hearing damage, stress, communication difficulties and difficulty sleeping are some of the consequences that both children and adults can get from being exposed to excessive noise levels. The study aims to investigate how product design can be used to reduce the noise in preschools. The study has used a user-centered design process in which the target group, the children and the educators, have been involved throughout the work.The theoretical framework contains backgroundnoise, within the preschool, the preschool’s physical environment and user-centered design. The empirical work consisted of observations, questionnaires and interviews with the target group. The result shows that the highest noise levels come from the children themselves and the premises in which they are staying, on occasions between activities. The final product proposal is a sound-absorbing puzzle cloud that has several functions and aims to entertain the children during, among other things, waiting time between activities. The study’s conclusion shows that there are development opportunities for sound-absorbing products.

Overconsumption is one of the reasons why our natural resources are running out faster thanever. However, the word overconsumption can be interpreted in different ways. Thus, it thecore meaning is, the excessive consumption of redundant belongings. The purpose of thisthesis is to research how people consume today, and what can be done to reduce thoseneedless purchases. It will specifically focus on the clothes since that is one of the things thatnot only affects the environment but it can be ethically immoral for the people whomanufacture the clothes.Through research and findings, a prototype will be created in order to study if that can be asolution for people’s excessive consumptions. It will investigate if a digital interactivesolution can impact people to consume less or at least make them rethink about sustainableand ethically made items.