The issue of honour killings has become a prominent topic of discussion in the Western discourse of violence against immigrant women. In Canada, particularly, the recent high-profile cases of honour killings have drawn increased attention from the media, academics and the public. The prevalent discussion links these murders to the broader issues of immigration, multiculturalism, and violence against immigrant women. In this thesis, I examine the nature of honour killings, their components, and the discourse of honour killings in its Canadian context. In doing so, I conduct a textual analysis of the representation of three recent honour killings in two major Canadian newspapers; The Toronto Star and The Globe and Mail. Results suggest that honour killings touched a nerve in Canadian media leading to the use of culturalist approaches to understand and represent these killings. This culturalist approach to the debate created serious obstacles for clarifying or explaining this form of violence against women. It further hindered any constructive public debate about ending these killings. The consequences of the culturalist approach to honour killings as well as recommendations for future research and theoretical developments in this area of violence against women are suggested. / UOIT

<p>The purpose of this degree project is to obtain a greater understanding of how the support for abused immigrant women is designed and if these measures respond to the women’s own wishes and needs. I also want to investigate the possible advantages and disadvantages, there are under the social ser­vi­ces and voluntary organizations (NGOs) and women themselves when it comes to spe­cific sup­port measures for immigrant women. On which basis have these support measures been designed and what experience or research starting points are based on? To what extent do they answer to women’s needs according to the staff, and to the women's own view?</p><p>The study is based on qualitative data consisting of five interviews and one case report of an abused woman. The participants I interviewed were three social workers from two different de­partments in Kristianstad administrations, one coordinator from the women’s support centre in Kristianstad and one pre-school teacher from the Family house Näsby in Kristianstad and one abused woman. To contextualize the information gathered, the normalization process by Eva Lundgren and stigma theory by Goffman have been used. The empirical material from my five semi-structured interviews and the case report has been analyzed on the basis of the normalization process and stigma theory, as well as literature and expert knowledge on abused immigrant women. Through this study I have come to the conclusion that the support measures to an abused immigrant women was based on her own needs. I have also noticed in my results that the professionals have different work procedures and different ways to refute abused immigrant women depending on their knowledge of other countries’ culture.</p><p> </p>

The purpose of this degree project is to obtain a greater understanding of how the support for abused immigrant women is designed and if these measures respond to the women’s own wishes and needs. I also want to investigate the possible advantages and disadvantages, there are under the social ser­vi­ces and voluntary organizations (NGOs) and women themselves when it comes to spe­cific sup­port measures for immigrant women. On which basis have these support measures been designed and what experience or research starting points are based on? To what extent do they answer to women’s needs according to the staff, and to the women's own view? The study is based on qualitative data consisting of five interviews and one case report of an abused woman. The participants I interviewed were three social workers from two different de­partments in Kristianstad administrations, one coordinator from the women’s support centre in Kristianstad and one pre-school teacher from the Family house Näsby in Kristianstad and one abused woman. To contextualize the information gathered, the normalization process by Eva Lundgren and stigma theory by Goffman have been used. The empirical material from my five semi-structured interviews and the case report has been analyzed on the basis of the normalization process and stigma theory, as well as literature and expert knowledge on abused immigrant women. Through this study I have come to the conclusion that the support measures to an abused immigrant women was based on her own needs. I have also noticed in my results that the professionals have different work procedures and different ways to refute abused immigrant women depending on their knowledge of other countries’ culture.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-08T13:24:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 natalicedocarmolopes.pdf: 1671359 bytes, checksum: cf51f15b201b468a05961ac35b850c7d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-26T18:25:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 natalicedocarmolopes.pdf: 1671359 bytes, checksum: cf51f15b201b468a05961ac35b850c7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T18:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 natalicedocarmolopes.pdf: 1671359 bytes, checksum: cf51f15b201b468a05961ac35b850c7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-02 / O stalking ou assédio persistente em português, se configura como um tipo de violência interpessoal, caracterizada por formas de contato, assédio e perseguição persistente. Presente em todos os contextos, sua ocorrência se mostra predominante nas relações de intimidade, tendo a mulher como a principal vítima. Diante disso, o presente estudo buscou investigar por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, a ocorrência do stalking em mulheres que foram vítimas de Violência Entre Parceiros Íntimos (VPI) e que buscaram ajuda em uma Delegacia de Atendimento Especializado à Mulher no período de março á Julho de 2017. Dentre os comportamentos violentos, estiveram presentes 3 (10%) tentativas de assassinato, 5 (16.6%) fraturas e ameaças de morte 16 (53.3%). Dentre os comportamentos característicos de stalking, se encontraram o controle de comportamentos, como impedir de fazer ou ter coisas 19 (63.3%), perseguir e assediar a vítima na porta do trabalho 8 (26.6%), procurar de forma insistente por meio de ligações 11(36.6%) e monitorar por meio de redes sociais, celular e mensagens 18 (60%). A grande variedade de estratégias usadas pelos stalkers para exercer o controle, perseguir e assediar as vítimas mostram que o stalking se caracteriza pela ocorrência de um conjunto variado de comportamentos e não apenas comportamentos isolados, evidenciando a dificuldade do agressor em manter a distância e aceitar o termino em alguns casos, mostrando a importância de desocultar e reconhecer o stalking nesse contexto, ampliando a discussão para além do âmbito cientifico. / Stalking, know in Portuguese as persistent harassment, shows itself as a kind of interpersonal violence characterized by means of contact, harassment and persistent pursuit. Existing in every social context, his occurrence is predominant in relations of intimacy, being the woman his primary victim. In this light, the present study tried to investigate, utilizing semi-structured interviews, the occurrence of stalking in women victims of Violence between Intimate Partners (VIP) who sought help in a specialized police station for women (Delegacia de Atendimento Especializado à Mulher). Among the violent behaviors are observed 3 (10%) attempts of murder, 5 (16.6%) fractures and 16 (53.3%) death threats. Among the characteristic stalking behavior are observed behavioral control, like the preventing of doing or owning things by the victim, in 19 cases (63.3%), pursuit and harassment in the workplace in 8 (26,6%) cases, insistent telephone contact in 11 (36,6%) cases and monitoring by social network and cell phone messages in 18 (60%) cases. The great variety of strategies used by the stalkers to control, pursuit and harass the victims shows that stalking is characterized by the occurrence of a varied set of behaviors, not just isolated actions, demonstrating the difficult situation of the aggressor for coming to terms with the end of his relationship and to keep distance of his ex-partner in some cases. This exhibit the importance of bringing to light and recognize the stalking in these contexts in a way that could help foment the discussion of this phenomena in the scientific circle.

The central question guiding this study is, how can Liberia's historical context of colonial state formation and reformation help explain public discourses surrounding gender violence in the postwar decade, 2003-2013? This question is addressed using original data from mixed qualitative methods including participant observation, visual methods, and semi-structured interviews. The research identifies narratives and meta-narratives produced by liberal institutions (including the Government of Liberia and international agencies), as well as informal discourses from adult Liberians of different backgrounds living in Greater Monrovia. Using critical discourse analysis, the argument identifies connections between the narratives that recur, the social realities they recall, and the power dynamics they perpetuate. These discourses are best understood in reference to liberal and colonial/imperial dynamics from Liberia's settlement period. Liberal institutions addressing gender violence in the postwar period face dilemmas in which universalist humanitarian ideals work in tandem with, and provide justification for, imperialism as a set of discursive and material relations. Nonelite Liberians instrumentalise and subvert both privileged donor discourses as well as long-standing colonial hierarchies of 'civilised' and 'country'. Additionally, the thesis examines how liberal institutions, traditional institutions, and Liberian citizens interact as agents of discursive construction. It will be shown that this pattern of discourse production is at times harmonious, as in the interactions around promoting male head-of-household responsibilities, and at other times adversarial, as in conflicts surrounding excision as an initiation practice for girls. Liberal institutions, non-elite Liberians, and traditional authorities both collude and compete in this era of dynamic normative contestation. Both the major discourses and the interactions that produce them can be explained in part by the liberal imperialism and its specific form of settler colonialism that propelled the founding and subsequent stages of state formation in Liberia. The consequences of that residual history indicate inherent - though, not irredeemable - structural limitations to a robust institutional response to gender violence. In this manner the study demonstrates the utility of historicising Liberia's contemporary gender violence discourses, and how doing so can address the longstanding bifurcation between rights and culture in international development and transnational feminist geography.

While previous studies have explored multiple constraints affecting women exporters, the effects of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) are still unexplored in the literature. Thus, this study aims to probe first whether women owners of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in export markets experience IPVAW. Secondly, it aims to explore the effect of IPVAW on their relationship quality with business partners, mediated by the performance of export capabilities. Using a structured questionnaire applied through personal interviews, we surveyed 57 female owners of exporting MSEs in Peru. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and test the model. The preliminary findings indicate that women exporters who experience IPVAW are more likely to face problems performing export capabilities. In turn, these performance problems seem to affect the quality of their relationships with importers and suppliers. Moreover, there is a direct relationship between IPVAW and problems in performing export capabilities and between issues performing capabilities and the relationship quality. Our theoretical contribution is a conceptual model that proposes the variable “Problems Performing Capabilities” as a mediator to measure the effects of IPVAW on exporting MSEs owned by women. Our findings urge policymakers and trade organizations boosting women-owned export enterprises to include initiatives that address and prevent IPVAW in their export promotion programs.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka professionellas förståelse av äldre kvinnors utsatthetför våld i nära relationer samt deras perspektiv på vilka omständigheter som påverkarhuruvida äldre kvinnor söker och får stöd för sin våldsutsatthet eller inte. Studiengenomfördes med hjälp av kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med elvaprofessionella jourkvinnor från nio olika kvinnojourer. Den insamlade empirin analyseradesutifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet analyserades med den ekologiskasystemteorin som ramverk, och fördjupades genom normaliseringsprocessen, ålderism ochlivsloppet. Resultatet av studien visade att professionella inom kvinnojourer beskriver äldrekvinnors utsatthet för våld i nära relationer som ett utbrett problem där ett stort mörkertalråder och att äldre kvinnor drabbas av samma typ av våld som yngre kvinnor. Äldre kvinnorframhölls även som en särskilt sårbar grupp och kvinnans sociala nätverk visade sig varaavgörande för hennes möjligheter att förändra sin situation. Resultatet av studien visade ävenatt det finns flera omständigheter som påverkar äldre kvinnors möjligheter att söka stöd försin våldsutsatthet. Tidigare och samtida normer och värderingar visade sig ha påverkat äldrekvinnors upplevelser av att vara våldsutsatt. Föreställningar om att våld inte förkommer iäldre personers relationer påverkar kvinnans möjligheter att tillägna sig stöd från samhället.Studiens slutsats understryker ett behov av ökad kunskap och medvetenhet om äldrekvinnors utsatthet för våld i nära relationer, både i samhället i stort och för professionellasom möter målgruppen samt att det finns behov av att utveckla stödet till äldre våldsutsattakvinnor. / The aim of this study was to examine professionals’ understanding of older women’sexposure to domestic violence and their perspective on which circumstances that affectwhether or not older women seek and acquire support for their exposure to violence. Thestudy was conducted through a qualitative method in the form of interviews with women’sshelter professionals. The empirical data was analyzed using qualitative-content analysis.The result was analyzed using the Ecological System Theory, normalization process, ageismand the life course. The study’s result showed that older women’s exposure to domesticviolence is a widespread problem where there are many unreported cases. Older womenwere also highlighted as a particularly vulnerable group and the woman’s social networkwas shown to be crucial to her ability to change her situation. The study’s result also showedthat there are several circumstances that affect older women’s opportunities to seek supportfor their exposure to domestic violence. Former and current norms and values were shownto affect older women’s experience of being victims of violence. The preconception thatviolence does not occur within older person’s relationships affect the woman’s possibilitiesto acquire support from the society. The conclusion of the study emphasizes a need forincreased knowledge and awareness about older women’s exposure to domestic violence,both in society at large and among professionals who meet the target group, and a need todevelop support for older women exposed to violence.

Submitted by Beatriz Kipnis (bjkipnis@gmail.com) on 2018-03-09T14:50:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final..pdf: 9098554 bytes, checksum: 7e653d7a0bb3f30d8a3bf9716045542d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2018-03-09T17:54:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final..pdf: 9098554 bytes, checksum: 7e653d7a0bb3f30d8a3bf9716045542d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-09T20:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final..pdf: 9098554 bytes, checksum: 7e653d7a0bb3f30d8a3bf9716045542d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-19 / Esta dissertação aborda o problema da violência contra a mulher em áreas rurais no Brasil. Parte-se de uma revisão da literatura internacional sobre o tema chegando em três dimensões que impactam na violência contra a mulher em áreas rurais: isolamento, família e comunidade. Objetiva-se aprofundar a literatura existente através da compreensão de quais são os diferentes fatores associados à dificuldade de mulheres rurais saírem de situações de violência. Para isso, foi utilizada a metodologia do campo-tema, permitindo uma abordagem multimétodos de aproximação do problema em três dimensões: documentos internacionais, dados secundários e estudo de caso no estado de Pernambuco. Os documentos internacionais reforçam fatores da literatura, apontando para o isolamento geográfico e maior vulnerabilidade das mulheres em áreas rurais. Os dados secundários apontam que os indicadores socioeconômicos das mulheres em áreas rurais são inferiores aos demais grupos. Além disso, a pesquisa de dados secundários sobre a violência contra as mulheres em áreas rurais mostra a análise de dados do Disque-180, porém revela a fragilidade dos dados existentes. Enfim, o estudo de caso do Pernambuco possibilitou a o reforço e relativização das dimensões encontradas na literatura através de entrevistas com mulheres que moram em áreas rurais, além de apontar estratégias e desafios do Programa de Unidades Móveis no estado. / This dissertation approaches the problem of violence against women in Brazilian rural areas. The review of the international literature on the theme reaches three dimensions that impact violence against women in rural areas: isolation, family, and community. It aims to deepen the existing literature through the understanding of the different factors associated with the difficulty of rural women to emerge from situations of violence. In order to do this, the field-theme methodology was used, allowing a multi-methods approach to the problem in three dimensions: international literature, secondary data and case study in the state of Pernambuco. The international documents reinforce factors in the literature, pointing to the geographical isolation and greater vulnerability of women in rural areas. Secondary data indicate that the socioeconomic indicators of women in rural areas are worse than the other groups. In addition, the analysis of secondary data on violence against women in rural areas shows the Disque-180 data, but reveal the fragility of existing data. Finally, the Pernambuco case study made it possible to reinforce and relativize the dimensions found in the literature through interviews with women that live in rural area, in addition to pointing out strategies and challenges of the Mobile Units Program in the state.

The murders and suspicious disappearances of women across Canada over the past forty years have received considerable national attention in the past decade. The disappearances and murders of scores of women in British Columbia, Alberta and Manitoba have highlighted the vulnerability of women to extreme violence. Girls and women of Aboriginal ethnicity have been disproportionally affected in all of these cases and have high rates of violent victimization. The current socio-economic situation faced by Aboriginal women contributes to this. To provide publicly available data of missing and murdered women in Canada, a database was created containing details of 3,329 women, including 824 who are Aboriginal. There are key risk factors that increase the probability of experiencing lethal violence: street prostitution, addiction and insecure housing. The vast majority of sex workers who experience lethal violence are street prostitutes. The dissertation examines the legal status and forms of prostitution in Canada and internationally, as well as the individual and societal impacts of prostitution. A review of current research on violence and prostitution is presented. The thesis provides summaries from 150 serial homicide cases targeting prostitutes in Canada, the U.S., and the U.K. The trends and questions posed by these cases are identified. The cases of the missing women of Vancouver and Robert Pickton are detailed. The key findings from the provincial inquiry into the missing women cases and an analysis of the most egregious failings of the investigations (Projects Amelia and Evenhanded) are discussed. Frequently encountered challenges and common errors, as well as investigative opportunities and best practices of police, and other initiatives and recommendations aimed at non-police agencies are evaluated. The three other RCMP-led projects, KARE, DEVOTE and E-PANA, which are large, dedicated units focused on vulnerable women, are assessed. All Canadian women deserve to live free of violence. For women with vulnerable life histories, violence is a daily threat and a common occurrence. More must be done to prevent violence and to hold offenders responsible when violence has been done. This dissertation is a plea for resources and attention; to turn apathy into pragmatic, concrete action founded on solid evidence-based research.

The murders and suspicious disappearances of women across Canada over the past forty years have received considerable national attention in the past decade. The disappearances and murders of scores of women in British Columbia, Alberta and Manitoba have highlighted the vulnerability of women to extreme violence. Girls and women of Aboriginal ethnicity have been disproportionally affected in all of these cases and have high rates of violent victimization. The current socio-economic situation faced by Aboriginal women contributes to this. To provide publicly available data of missing and murdered women in Canada, a database was created containing details of 3,329 women, including 824 who are Aboriginal. There are key risk factors that increase the probability of experiencing lethal violence: street prostitution, addiction and insecure housing. The vast majority of sex workers who experience lethal violence are street prostitutes. The dissertation examines the legal status and forms of prostitution in Canada and internationally, as well as the individual and societal impacts of prostitution. A review of current research on violence and prostitution is presented. The thesis provides summaries from 150 serial homicide cases targeting prostitutes in Canada, the U.S., and the U.K. The trends and questions posed by these cases are identified. The cases of the missing women of Vancouver and Robert Pickton are detailed. The key findings from the provincial inquiry into the missing women cases and an analysis of the most egregious failings of the investigations (Projects Amelia and Evenhanded) are discussed. Frequently encountered challenges and common errors, as well as investigative opportunities and best practices of police, and other initiatives and recommendations aimed at non-police agencies are evaluated. The three other RCMP-led projects, KARE, DEVOTE and E-PANA, which are large, dedicated units focused on vulnerable women, are assessed. All Canadian women deserve to live free of violence. For women with vulnerable life histories, violence is a daily threat and a common occurrence. More must be done to prevent violence and to hold offenders responsible when violence has been done. This dissertation is a plea for resources and attention; to turn apathy into pragmatic, concrete action founded on solid evidence-based research.