La thèse étudie les traductions en grec moderne de deux œuvres du mouvement des Lumières françaises. Elle explore les Lumières néohelléniques et appréhende les principaux points de l’idéologie de ce mouvement en relation avec le contexte socioculturel et historique du monde grécophone, afin de présenter les facteurs qui donnent naissance à la « question de la langue » et d’établir les conditions qui influent sur l’art de la traduction et sur la langue utilisés à l’époque. Les relations idéologiques du mouvement des Lumières néohelléniques avec l’œuvre de Montesquieu et de Voltaire et leur réception sont également explorées. Il est question de l’art de la traduction en même temps que de la langue utilisée dans le monde grécophone au XIXe siècle, dans une approche méthodologique originale. L’étude contrastée de la question de la langue avec l’univers idéologique de chaque type d’expression langagière, ainsi que la présentation pragmatologique des œuvres étudiées permettent d’étayer la relation des choix linguistiques avec le contexte socioculturel de leur apparition. L’étude conclut sur la présentation d’un travail à vocation lexicologique où les vocables sont interrogés sous un angle diachronique, et à partir du texte français, les traductions de deux œuvres sont analysées depuis le XIXème siècle jusqu’à l’âge contemporain. L’évolution sémantique des termes recherchés est présentée dans un souci de précision, à partir d’un corpus conséquent, mobilisant des sources primaires et des dictionnaires du XVIIIème au XXIème siècle. Ce travail permet de dégager des conclusions sur la langue, valables pour l’appréhension de l’évolution du vocabulaire néohellénique dans son ensemble. / The thesis studies the translations into Modern Greek of two works of the French Enlightenment. It examines the ideological hallmarks of the Greek Enlightenment in light of the sociocultural reality of the Greek-speaking world, in order to elucidate the origins of the language controversy as well as the various forces shaping translations and language at that time. It also explores the ideological affinities between Montesquieu, Voltaire and the Greek Enlightenment, as well as the reception of the two writers in Greece. The art of translation is separately analyzed and discussed, as is language as key to a novel methodological approach towards translation in the Greek-speaking world of the 19th century. Throughout the thesis, linguistic matters are addressed against the backdrop of ideological developments. The approach to the individual works is intended to reveal the linguistic choices that were made, how these affected the lexicological development of the language, and the sociocultural context in which this occurred. The thesis concludes with an extensive lexicological analysis of terms found in the corpus, predicated on a comparison of the different translations of the two works in question, from the 19th century to the present. The semantic evolution of the terms studied is traced in detail, using a wide range of literary sources and dictionaries, going back to the 1700s. Based on this historical cultural and lexicological groundwork, a number of conclusions are drawn. In the end, this study of the language and vocabulary reveals certain tendencies and, more generally, sheds new light on the dynamics and advancement of the Modern Greek lexicon as a whole.

Dans le cadre général d’une interrogation sur le renouvellement de la tragédie classique française à l’époque de la Régence (1715-1723), le travail étudie plus spécifiquement la manière dont la recherche de l’effet tragique conduit à la naissance de la tragédie philosophique. Ce travail prend appui sur l’analyse des pièces représentées à la Comédie-Française au cours de cette période et accorde une attention particulière à leur réception contemporaine dans la presse périodique et dans les brochures. Il envisage d’abord les recherches de renouvellement de la tragédie à partir de deux polémiques, la Querelle des Anciens et des Modernes et la querelle sur la moralité du théâtre, en montrant comment la réflexion sur le théâtre conduit les auteurs à chercher des effets dramatiques mieux adaptés aux attentes d’un public dont la sensibilité évolue au début du XVIIIe siècle. Il établit ensuite que la production d’un plus grand effet est liée, d’une part, à l’intensification de l’effet de terreur à travers la mise en scène du personnage odieux et, d’autre part, à la recherche d’une plus grande action grâce à l’exploitation des éléments du sacré (oracles, prêtres et chœur). Il démontre enfin que, si les impiétés relevées dans un certain nombre de tragédies ne visent qu’à la production d’un plus grand effet, l’Œdipe de Voltaire peut être considéré comme la première tragédie philosophique dans la mesure où le dramaturge met en œuvre une véritable stratégie critique et où les attaques contre la religion sont clairement perçues par le public contemporain. Le travail analyse ainsi de quelle manière les mutations qui affectent le dispositif dramaturgique dans cette quête de l’effet peuvent faire de la tragédie le lieu de la diffusion des idées qui participent de l’émergence des Lumières. Le phénomène est déterminant pour les combats philosophiques à venir ainsi que pour la transformation de la société que les philosophes vont chercher à faire advenir grâce à un support accessible à un large public. / Within the quest of renewal of the French Classical Tragedy of Regency period (1715-1723); the work closely explores the way how looking for a tragic impact leads to the philosophical tragedy birth. This work is grounded on an analysis of the French Comedy dramas performed during this period, but in the process, it gives a special attention to their contemporaneous acceptance in periodicals and brochures. First of all, the work speculates about the tragedy renewal in terms of two polemics – the dispute between Olds and News, and the dispute about theatre morality, but in this process it demonstrates how the thoughts of a theatre lead authors to the searching of the better adapted dramatic impact in view of spectators’ expectation whose sensibility is under evolution in the low of 18th century. Afterwards, the work specifies how the greater impact generating is related to a rising intensity of a great fear through a baddy on the one hand and to the searching for a greater story through numinous elements (prophecy, priesthood and choir) on the other hand. Finally, the work shows the fact how far the blasphemies found in some tragedies are calculated only to make a greater impact, on the contrary the Voltaire’s Oedipus can be considered as the first philosophical tragedy with respect to the fact when a dramatist creates the real critical strategy and to the fact when the tilts at religion are distinctly perceived by contemporary spectators. Thus, the work analyses a phenomenon how the changes related to the dramaturgical “statement” under the impact seeking can change the tragedy into the instrument for dispensing ideas which are a part of the Enlightenment birth. This phenomenon is prevailing both for future philosophical fights and for society transformation whereof philosophers will strive this via a medium available to a general audience.

A la mort de Voltaire, une équipe d’admirateurs du patriarche fonde la « Société Littéraire Typographique » pour réaliser une nouvelle édition complète de son œuvre. Ce projet dissident et pionnier, réalisé sous la direction de Beaumarchais et de Condorcet dans la clandestinité, s’inscrit dans la perspective d’une diffusion militante des textes et des idées des Lumières. Malgré les innombrables obstacles qui s’opposent à cette entreprise subversive, les correspondants de la SLT parviennent à « finir ce cher Voltaire » et livrent à la postérité, entre 1785 et 1790, une édition in octavo en 70 volumes et une édition in-Douze en 90 volumes. Cette édition posthume et intégrale de l’œuvre de Voltaire constitue une première dans le champ éditorial français, à la fois par le luxe et le soin apporté à l’édition « chef d’œuvre de l’art typographique » mais aussi par l’apport de la correspondance, qui livre l’image de l’homme privé et même intime, à côté de l’œuvre littéraire. Le dernier volume, intitulé Vie de Voltaire, est le texte qui relie les deux ensembles. Pour Condorcet, Voltaire a fait de sa vie un chef d’œuvre, qu’il s’agit de livrer à la postérité pour sa valeur morale et politique. Au-Delà de son caractère exemplaire, cette édition pose de nombreuses questions, historiques, philologiques et idéologiques qui touchent à l’histoire du livre, à la connaissance du corpus voltairien, à l’enjeu politique et idéologique majeur que représente l’œuvre de Voltaire dans le contexte très polémique des années pré-Révolutionnaires, au mythe littéraire édifié par cette entreprise éditoriale, et à la réception de l’œuvre ainsi rendue publique. / Upon Voltaire’s death, a group of enlightened admirers of the patriarch founded the « Société Littéraire Typographique » with the aim of publishing a new complete edition of his works. This subversive and pioneering project, directed by Beaumarchais and Condorcet in clandestinity, was aimed at disseminating the texts and ideas of the Enlightenment. Despite the innumerous obstacles standing in the way of this subversive entreprise, the correspondents of the SLT were able to complete « ce cher Voltaire » and deliver to posterity, between 1785 and 1790, an edition in-Octavo in 70 volumes and an edition in-12° in 90 volumes. This complete posthumous edition of Voltaire’s works was a first in the French publishing, both for the luxury and the care which caracterized the realization of the book, « a masterpiece of typographical art » and the correspondence, in which we can see an image of the private man and his intimacy, beside his literary writings. The last volume, the Vie de Voltaire, is the textum and the link between these two parts. For Condorcet, Voltaire had transformed his life into a masterpiece, which the editors wanted to show to posterity for its political and moral value. In addition to its exemplarity, this edition raises many historical, philological and ideological questions related to book history, to the knowledge of the Voltairian corpus, to the major political and ideological issues portrayed in Voltaire’s writings in the very polemical context of pre-Revolutionay times, to the literary myth created by this editorial enterprise, and to the reception of his writings thus made public

Voltaire's role in the luxury debate, the controversy about civilisation, capitalism, and progress which accompanied the birth of modern consumer society in the eighteenth century, is generally limited to his Mondain and its Défense, and reduced to a hedonist apology for luxury. The thesis sets out to re-examine and refute this. It analyses Voltaire's discovery of commercial societies in Holland and England, and, focussing on the latter, it finds that the apology for commerce became a centralising theme in the Lettres philosophiques, explaining its purpose and coherence. The thesis then turns to Voltaire's apology for luxury in the 1730s, analysing how du Châtelet and Voltaire, having recourse to classic Epicureanism and deist voluntarism, transformed Mandeville's Fable of the Bees into a justification of commercial societies. Close readings of the Mondain and its companion pieces provide further proof that Voltaire's position on luxury was more nuanced than previously assumed. The Siècle de Louis XIV and the Essai sur les moeurs demonstrate the importance of luxury in Voltaire's view of civilisation, which in turn serves to explain the shift in Voltaire's appreciation of Montesquieu. The thesis opposes the claim that in later life Voltaire adopted a Rousseauian view of luxury. Examining Voltaire's later poetry on luxury in light of the analyses offered in the previous chapters, it concludes that his position remained consistent and showed no Rousseauian influence. Concluding with Voltaire's last defence of luxury, his entries 'Luxe' in the Dictionnaire philosophique and the Questions sur l'Encyclopédie, the thesis explains, with the help of the Fragments sur l'Inde, why and how his attitude to luxury seemed ambiguous in the latter work. The thesis thus proves that Voltaire's contribution to the debate was not only sustained, independent, and carefully nuanced, but that the debate itself played a crucial rule in Voltaire's thought and writing.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T23:06:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fabiane vaz.pdf: 1043560 bytes, checksum: 50ee3dab24097da6ad059775826effb1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T23:06:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabiane vaz.pdf: 1043560 bytes, checksum: 50ee3dab24097da6ad059775826effb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-25 / This dissertation has aimed to observe the case in France through an analysis about the use of Law as subterfuge for equalization of negative cultural meetings. Furthermore it will analyze this social movement from the perspective of the tolerance concept focused on the ideas of the French philosopher Voltaire. All this with the intention to acquire lessons about citizenship and respect for human dignity to our country, Brazil, which receives a considerable number immigrants in many groups targeted to certain regions often causing strangeness to the Brazilians who live in there / Essa dissertação possui como objetivo observar o caso ocorrido na França do uso de uma Lei como subterfúgio para equalização das questões de encontros culturais negativos. Percebe-se aqui tal movimento social sob a ótica do conceito de tolerância religiosa com foco nas ideias do filósofo francês Voltaire com intenção de adquirir lições de cidadania e respeito à dignidade humana para o nosso país, Brasil, que atualmente recebe um número considerável de imigrantes em grupos de grande número direcionados à regiões determinadas muitas vezes causando estranheza aos brasileiros que ali residem.

Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2018-04-11T13:29:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_AlgunsAspectosConceito.pdf: 13665994 bytes, checksum: 2dbc6250659175c663bb74251326a2fe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2018-05-04T13:27:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_AlgunsAspectosConceito.pdf: 13665994 bytes, checksum: 2dbc6250659175c663bb74251326a2fe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T13:27:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_AlgunsAspectosConceito.pdf: 13665994 bytes, checksum: 2dbc6250659175c663bb74251326a2fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-03-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O nosso trabalho, pressupondo que existe um conceito de razão consolidado pelo movimento iluminista que fez com que o século XVIII se auto-denominasse "século da razão", "século da filosofia", etc., pretende investigá-lo. Nossa análise vincula-se à vertente francesa considerada a mais representativa do período, e elegemos Voltaire, por ser ele um dos mais acerbas defensores do uso esclarecido e livre da razão. A definição do caráter dessa racionalidade é quase sempre escamoteada, não chegando nem mesmo a ser tratada pela maioria dos estudiosos da época. O que freqüentemente eles procuram ressaltar a respeito desse século é que ele é impregnado por uma fé na razão, na capacidade intelectiva do homem que, somente através dela pode conseguir sua auto-libertação. Aceitando esta caracterização da filosofia das luzes, preocupamo-nos com um problema premente: de que razão se trata? Pois estamos conscientes de que a palavra "razão" há muito tempo deixou de ser um conceito simples e univoco. Basta percorrer a História da filosofia para constatar as mudanças de sentido que o termo "razão" sofreu no transcurso de sua existência. Se o século XVIII reivindica para si a adjetivação de "século da razão", "século das luzes," cabe-nos indagar: Qual a procedência desta racionalidade? Onde podemos encontrar o traço característico e distintivo desta designação? Como entender o sentido desta iluminação? Ao discutir essas questões, pretendemos sustentar que a razão, tal como foi concebida por Voltaire, era um pensamento de base empírico-experimental cujas origens não se encontram sobremodo no cartesianismo, mas na Física newtoniana e na Filosofia de Locke. Para elucidarmos o caráter da razão em Voltaire, analisamos criteriosamente sua obra fragmentária e procedemos como quem monta um quebra-cabeça, encaixando peça por peça, de modo a encontrar um fio condutor ou elementos que indicassem uma certa coesão de idéias. Não pretendemos, nos limites estreitos deste trabalho, esgotar todas as nuanças que a razão assumiu no seu pensamento, mas apenas indicar alguns de seus traços, orientações e apresentar alguns temas imbricados neste conceito. Como Voltaire é complexo e sua obra, imensa, tivemos que eleger algumas de suas obras que consideramos mais relevantes para o nosso estudo, como: o Tratado de metafísica., O filósofo ignorante, as Cartas filosóficas, o Dicionário filosófico, os Elementos da filosofia de Newton, o Tratado sobre a Tolerância e outras obras menores cujas referências serão registradas em notas de pé de página. Não nos esquecemos de consultar seus romances e contos, como Cândido, Micrômegas, e poemas de natureza mais filosófica, como Sobre o desastre de Lisboa, Sobre a lei natural, Discurso em verso sobre o homem. Mas o estudo de sua correspondência foi fundamental para elucidarmos certos aspectos de seu pensamento que não estavam muito bem delineados em suas obras. Gostaríamos de fazer uma última observação sobre as citações transcritas de obras que foram escritas nas línguas francesa ou inglesa. No corpo do trabalho, procuramos apresentar uma tradução própria ou de algum tradutor abalizado, que será identificado nas referências bibliográficas.

No description available.

Zugl.: München, Univ., Diss., 2004

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-216) and index.

Orientador: Roberto Romano da Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-26T02:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_ElizabethdeAssis_D.pdf: 13665709 bytes, checksum: 09dc013874b6431bce24c5c23b6d526c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Resumo: Nao informado / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Filosofia