Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

This dissertation is focused on the problematic of content and motivation of employees in a concrete firm and the problem of high fluctuation connected with it. In the theoretical part there are summarized basic knowledge from the sphere of motivation and work motivation, demonstrated the best known theories of motivation and leading styles; and summarized knowledge of The work life quality research which is related to value orientation of employees in the Czech Republic. In the practical part I have analyzed recent situation in workmen's content and motivation using a questionnaire enquiry among employees. The employees were asked about a importance of single aspects of content with work -- wage, supervisor behaviour, processing atmosphere, access to information, job stability, appreciation of attained results, service conditions, scope of employment, employee benefits and financial bonuses. From gained information I have summarized conclusions and recommendation for leading an organization.

Graduate end postgraduate Institutions have felt the transformations that have been happening all over the world, and this has influenced the quality of professors work life. Based on this fact, this work aimed to: (i) comprehend how the quality of work life is perceived by professors in graduate and postgraduate programs in the fields of Social and Human Sciences of a Federal University in a country town of the South Region of Brazil; (ii) understand how the new employment configurations can influence professors life quality; (iii) learn the meaning attributed by professors to the quality of work life and (iv) identify aspects of professors QWL and relate them to the conditions of their professional activity. This work consisted of an empirical, exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained by means of a semi- structured interview, and the technique of content analysis was used for analyzing the data. Ten professors participated in the research: five taught undergraduates programs and the other 5 also worked in the postgraduate ones. All of them hold a Doctoral Degree and have an exclusive dedication work regime at the University. Data were collected in the months of April, May and June 2011. As a result of the study, two papers were written. In the first article entitled work life quality of professors in graduate and postgraduate programs , a non-systemic literature review of the comprehension of the life quality of professors who work in graduate and postgraduate programs was undertaken. The study aimed to present the main elements which are part of the notion of quality of work life emphasizing how professors dealt with this issue especially in graduate and postgraduate programs. In the second article, the empirical research called quality of working life from the perspective of professors of graduate end postgraduate programs of a Public University , three categories were described: new demands and greater requirements; meanings of the quality of working life, and aspects mentioned about professors QWL which were discussed based on related theories. The results of the first study made it clear that several elements are essential for the quality of work life of professionals in graduate and postgraduate programs such as the individual pathway, the organizational aspects of the institutions and the social environment in which these workers are incorporated. Therefore the set of these elements will influence the way the teachers perceive their professional activity and this will reflect into the quality of life at work as well as into the quality of their performance in the education process of future professionals. In the second article, it became evident that regardless of whether the teachers were working or not in postgraduate programs, they have the same perception about the increase of workload, which happens after the qualification process, a requirement they need to fulfill. The teachers feel they have to work harder to fulfill the requirements in the postgraduate programs, and this seems to unleash a negative reaction once they recognize that teaching is being directed to other purposes, that is, to fulfill the requirements of publications to achieve the score established by the Ministry of Education. Moreover, it is necessary a discussion about the aspects that comprehend the quality of work life, as a way of fostering an awareness on professors and Institutions about the care they should take with the health of their professors and provide a better work environment to them. / As Instituições de Ensino Superior têm sentido as transformações que estão ocorrendo no mundo do trabalho e isso tem influenciado a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos professores. Baseado neste fato, o objetivo desse trabalho foi: (i) compreender como é percebida a qualidade de vida no trabalho sob a perspectiva dos professores de ensino superior, na área de Ciências Sociais e Humanas de uma Universidade Federal no interior da Região Sul do Brasil; (ii) como as novas configurações do trabalho podem influenciar na qualidade de vida dos professores; (iii) conhecer o significado atribuído pelos professores à qualidade de vida no trabalho e (iv) identificar aspectos sobre a QVT dos professores e relacioná-los com as condições de sua atividade profissional. Este trabalho consistiu em um estudo empírico exploratório-descritivo, de delineamento qualitativo, sendo que a coleta de dados deu-se através de uma entrevista semi-estruturada e, para análise dos dados coletados, utilizou-se à técnica da análise de conteúdo. Participaram da pesquisa dez professores, sendo que cinco desenvolvem as suas atividades na graduação e os outros cinco trabalham também em pós-graduação. Todos possuem titulação de doutorado e regime de trabalho de dedicação exclusiva com a Universidade. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de abril, maio e junho de 2011. Como resultado do estudo, elaborou-se dois artigos: no primeiro, intitulado qualidade de vida no trabalho de professores do ensino superior , foi realizada uma revisão não sistemática da literatura acerca da compreensão sobre a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos docentes de ensino superior. O estudo objetivou apresentar os principais elementos que fazem parte da noção de qualidade de vida no trabalho, destacando como essa questão é tratada pelos professores, especialmente professores de ensino superior. No segundo, a pesquisa empírica, chama-se qualidade de vida no trabalho sob a perspectiva de professores do ensino superior de uma Universidade Pública , descreveram-se três categorias: novas exigências e maiores cobranças; significados sobre a qualidade de vida no trabalho e aspectos mencionados sobre a QVT dos professores, que foram tratadas de acordo com a teoria relacionada. Os resultados do primeiro estudo evidenciaram que vários elementos são fundamentais para a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos profissionais do ensino superior, tais como: a trajetória individual, os aspectos organizacionais das instituições e o meio social em que esses trabalhadores estão inseridos. Assim, o conjunto desses elementos é que influenciarão a maneira como os docentes percebem a sua atividade profissional e isso refletirá na qualidade de vida no trabalho, bem como, na qualidade do seu desempenho no processo educativo para a formação dos futuros profissionais. No segundo estudo, evidenciou-se que os professores, trabalhando ou não com a pós-graduação, possuem a mesma percepção sobre o aumento da carga de trabalho, que ocorre, posteriormente, ao processo de qualificação, e que eles precisam atender. Eles possuem maior exigência em relação ao programas de pós-graduação do que na graduação, e isso parece desencadear uma reação negativa, pois entendem que o ensino está se voltando para outros fins, ou seja, na exigência de publicações para atingir a pontuação estipulada pelo Ministério da Educação. Ainda, precisa-se refletir sobre os aspectos que englobam a qualidade de vida no trabalho, pois há a necessidade de conscientização dos professores e da Instituição sobre o cuidado que devem ter com a saúde dos docentes e proporcionar-lhes um melhor ambiente de trabalho.

本研究計壹冊，分五章二十節，約五萬言。第一章緒論，說明近年來歐美企業對主要 資源－「人」的看法，引申出本研究的研究動機與研究架構；第二章文獻探討，對於 工作生活品質的相關理論基礎及歷史文獻作一評述，主要探討範圍有；工作生活品質 的定義、相關構面、以及影響工作生活品質的因素等；第三章研究設計，說明本研究 之設計、執行及分析過程。本研究以染整業為研究對象，抽取不同自動化程度高、中 、低之廠商予以比較分析。分析內容主要有：透過因素分析，萃取出衡量工作生活品 質的可行構面，再針對不同自動化程度之企業，比較其員工在工作生活品質各構面滿 足狀況之差異，以及其他相關變項之差異分析；第四章研究結果，將分析結果做一整 體說明，並解釋造成上述差異之可能原因。第六章結論及建議，綜合上述結果，提出 增進工作生活品質的可行做法及相關建議。

Les organisations publiques engagées dans une démarche qualité font face à la difficile conciliation des logiques bureaucratiques et managériales. Les collectivités territoriales n’échappent pas à ce phénomène. Les managers territoriaux s’y trouvent confrontés alors même qu’ils se trouvent aujourd’hui face à des exigences d’efficience à la fois de la part de l’Etat et des usagers. Ce contexte ajouté à celui de la spécificité organisationnelle et culturelle des collectivités territoriales en démarche Qualiville, met en tension la socialisation organisationnelle des fonctionnaires territoriaux concernés.Ainsi le rôle et les caractéristiques du management sont questionnés au travers d’une recherche tant théorique qu’empirique s’appuyant notamment sur l'étude de cas approfondie d'une collectivité dont l'ensemble des services a obtenu la certification. / Public organizations involved in a quality approach face the difficult conciliation of bureaucratic and managerial logics. Local governments especially municipalities, are not immune to this phenomenon. Territorial managers are confronted to this challenge while they now have to deal with requirements of efficiency both from the States and from the citizens. This context added to that of the organizational and cultural specificity of territorial of local authorities in the Qualiville process, puts a strain on the organizational socialization of territorial officials. Thusthe role and characteristics of management are questioned through both theorical and empirical research, based in particular on the in-depth case study of a municipality whose services have been certified.