Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (PH. D.)--Columbia University, 1930. / Vita. Published also as Studies in history, economics and public law, ed. by the Faculty of political science of Columbia university, no. 320. Bibliography: p. 229-232.

In the debate on the economic effects of labor market regulation much work has focused on minimum wages. A legal minimum wage remains one of the most controversial policy issues. The controversy arises for two main reasons: first, there is no consensus over the economic impacts of the minimum wage mandate, especially its effect on employment, and, second, there is a disagreement over the empirical methods used to identify the minimum wage effects. Although the standard competitive model predicts that wage floors should have a negative impact on employment, empirical work shows mixed results. This dissertation explores a number of adjustment channels that can explain the paradox of the small and insignificant employment effects uncovered in the MW literature. Specifically, the economic impact of the most recent 2007-2009 Federal minimum wage increase (from $5.15 to $7.25 an hour) is analyzed using a sample of quick-service restaurants in Georgia and Alabama. In contrast to prior studies, store-level bi-weekly payroll records for individual employees are used, allowing greater precision in measuring the relative cost-impact of the MW on establishments. Despite significant variation in the cost-impact of the three-stage MW increase across establishments, regression analysis finds lack of a negative effect on employment and hours following each MW increase. Additional channels of adjustment are explored using unique data from manager surveys. Evidence suggests that higher product prices, lower profit margins, wage compression, reduced turnover and higher performance standards largely account for insignificant employment effects. These results are consistent with a number of alternative theoretical models of labor markets. An expanded version of the perfectly competitive model that incorporates additional margins of adjustment is also compatible with the reported findings.

This dissertation is an ethnographic work describing how foodways have become central to identity negotiation in a Maya village that has recently been impacted by evangelical conversion and tourism. This village is in the region of Quintana Roo, Mexico best known for its involvement in the Caste Wars of Yucatán and historic resistance to assimilation to Mexican identity. However, in recent years, the demand for inexpensive labor in the hotel zone of the Caribbean coast of Quintana Roo has led to improved infrastructure and transportation to these villages. With this improved infrastructure has come increased outside interaction including the establishment of evangelical churches and day labor buses. These combined influences of religion and labor changes have led to new ways of negotiating identity that had not previously existed in village life here. Because life in this village had always centered on subsistence farming and its associated food getting and food making tasks, the option for wage labor and evangelical religion have provided a support system for those unable or unwilling to participate in traditional forms of subsistence. The new social structures are often negotiated using food and foodways as a declaration of belonging or resistance. My work provides vignettes describing these processes of identity negotiation at the national, regional and familial levels. / text

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The subject of this thesis concerns the tense situation of the pregnant employee in Sweden. Drawing on the critical ontology of Michel Foucault the situation is characterized as a specific problematization within a historical theme around procreation (as an eventuality). The purpose of the thesis is to explain the functioning of the current situation of the pregnant employee as an inherent conflict, but also to draw out the implications of this specific analysis in relation to general wage labor. First an objective analysis is out-lined on how free wage labor gradually develops into a) a rational way of “knowing” about wo/man, b) a normal (institutional) way of organizing this knowledge, and c) a normalized subject position for the expectant individual. Second the investigation turns towards the subjective experience of this positioning. This analysis, drawing on the works of Iris Marion Young and Erving Goffman, focus on a) the conflicts logic b) its practical management and c) the situations’ ethical implications. The empirical material for the second part consists of legal cases, diaries and discussion-threads from the Internet. The conclusions drawn suggest that the pregnant employee is a rather abstract problem but that this abstraction still is real enough to make her disqualified from the calculus regime of employment. The second conclusion states that the pregnant employee becomes temporarily “closeted” and engaged in practices of concealment and tension management. Finally the ethics of this situation is analyzed, stating that the pregnant employee becomes positioned in a situation of structural shame which she has to relate to no matter her specific employment conditions. In the end the wider implications of the analysis is drawn out, stating that wage labor has developed into a biased categorization of individuals as proper or non-proper labor power. Rational discrimination has been normalized, just as the handling of oneself as more or less deviant from norms.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Bibliographic Record of a an Academic Thesis Title in the language of the thesis (as recorded in SIS) Analyzing the integration of migrants in the Eurozone: lessons for the EU integration Subtitle Translation of the title into English/Czech (as recorded in SIS) Type of the Thesis Master's thesis Author: Gustavo De Luna Gallardo Year 2014 Advisor of the thesis Dr. Wadim Strielkowski, Ph.D. Number of pages 119 Awards Specialization Abstract in Czech Abstract in English Since European Union enables free mobility between its Members States, certain EU countries have become attractive destinations because of the working conditions and/or employment opportunities. As a result, some EU nations have experienced the inflow of large amount of immigrants and disturbances on their labor markets. With regard to this, the concept of Immigration Surplus that proposes that phenomenon of immigration can trigger a process of redistribution of wealth that could enhance the level of production and increase the national income can be applied for analyzing these processes. In addition, research literature suggests that deeper integration of immigrants into host countries can lead to higher levels of economic success. Thus, high levels of...

Our aim of this study was to investigate barriers and opportunities for people with mental disorders getting in to the labor market. This from experiences by people whose daily job contains work rehabilitation for this group in particular. On the basis of five qualitative interviews the results showed that prejudices towards people with mental disorders are a barrier for them to get a wage labor. Furthermore the results showed that low self-esteem within the target group and also high educational demands becomes a barrier to a wage labor. The results also showed that to focus on the healthy aspects may serve as an opportunity for people with mental disorders to get in to the labor market and be able to have a paid job. Another opportunity for this particular group consists of getting a subsidized employment. An increased knowledge among employers about the difficulties and strengths people with mental disorders may have to execute a job, can also serve as an opportunity for them to get an employment. / Vi har haft som syfte att undersöka hinder och möjligheter för personer som har ett psykiskt funktionshinder att få tillträde på den reguljära arbetsmarkanden. Detta utifrån upplevelser hos personer vars arbetsroll har inslag av arbetlivssinriktad rehabilitering för vår undersökta målgrupp.  Studien grundade sig på fem stycken kvalitativa intervjuer och resultaten visade på att fördomar som finns mot personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder kan utgöra ett hinder för dem att få ett lönearbete. Vidare kunde även hinder kopplas till låg självkänsla hos målgruppen samt ökade krav till högre utbildning för att kunna få ett lönearbete. Resultaten visade även på att ha fokus på det friska i sig kan utgöra en möjlighet till lönearbete för personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder. En annan möjlighet för den här målgruppen utgjordes av att få en anställning med lönebidrag.  En ökad kunskap bland arbetsgivare om vilka svårigheter samt styrkor personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder kan ha i förhållande till att utföra ett arbete, kan också utgöra en möjlighet för dessa personer att få en anställning.

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Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2017-08-18T22:04:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Andrea Cristina Martins.pdf: 3237157 bytes, checksum: 91cdc066e8535595d5d6de34b64341da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T22:04:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Andrea Cristina Martins.pdf: 3237157 bytes, checksum: 91cdc066e8535595d5d6de34b64341da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese trata sobre a inserção no mundo do trabalho e a proteção jurídica do microempreendedor individual. Como objetivo central analisou a figura jurídica do microempreendedor individual em um contexto de alterações no mundo do trabalho no país, marcado pela informalidade, desemprego e desassalariamento, entendendo o mundo do trabalho para além do assalariamento e para além do mercado de trabalho. A pesquisa investigou o microempreendedor individual e sua natureza jurídica, buscando compreender a existência, ou não, de proteção legal a esses trabalhadores. Partiu-se do pressuposto que a legislação ao equiparar o microempreendedor individual ao empresário individual desloca a proteção do trabalhador do direito laboral para o direito comum, mudando o paradigma da proteção ao trabalhador para a racionalidade do mercado. Em virtude das especificidades do objeto da pesquisa, como a crise do assalariamento e expansão do discurso empreendedor, foi feita uma escolha pela perspectiva teórica, que entende como conflituosa a relação entre capital e trabalho. Para a investigação, utilizou-se o método dialético, a partir das categorias trabalho, totalidade e contradição, sob o prisma da interdisciplinaridade. Como perspectiva epistemológica, foi utilizado o materialismo histórico. A coleta de dados se deu no município de Curitiba/PR, em virtude de pertencer a uma grande região metropolitana, que passou por um processo de industrialização e posterior processo de relocalização da indústria. Teve como amostra 248 microempreendedores individuais. Como resultados do processo se destacam quatro constatações principais: a) a alta escolaridade não se refletiu no aumento do rendimento; b) a maioria dos microempreendedores individuais exercem suas atividades no setor de serviços, o que expressa uma tendência mundial; c) a presença do discurso empreendedor e da ideia de flexibilidade das relações de trabalho nas causas apontadas pelos microempreendedores individuais para a escolha dessa modalidade de formalização; e, d) a existência da precarização do trabalho para a maior parte da amostra pesquisada que declarou ter a condição de empregado antes da formalização como microempreendedor individual. Conclui-se, então, que a inclusão social e previdenciária proposta pela política do microempreendedor individual tem sido alcançada por apenas uma pequena parcela dos trabalhadores, sendo que para a maior parte dos trabalhadores pesquisados, a formalização como microempreendedor individual tem sido utilizada como uma forma de precarização do trabalho, configurando um deslocamento na proteção a esse trabalhador do campo do direito laboral para o direito comum. Pode-se, assim, inferir que o microempreendedor individual constitui mais um mecanismo de flexibilização e de precarização do trabalho em favor da acumulação do capital para os detentores dos meios de produção. / This thesis is about the insertion on the labor market and the legal protection of the Individual Microentrepreneur (MEI, in Portuguese). The main goal was to analyze the legal figure of the MEI in the context of the changes happening in Brazil's world of work, characterized by informality, unemployment and decrease in wage earnings and, thus, to understand the labor world beyond wages and the labor market. The research investigated the individual microentrepreneurship and its legal nature, seeking to understand the existence, or not, of legal protection to MEI workers. An assumption was made that the legislation, by equating the individual microentrepreneur to the businessman, shifts the worker protection from the labor law to the common law, changing the paradigm from protection of the worker to the rationality of the market.Due to the specificities of the object of research, such as the crisis of wage earning and the expansion of the entrepreneur speech, a choice was made for a theoretical framework that understands the relationship between capital and work as conflicting. For the research, the dialectical method was used, with the categories of work, totality and contradiction, under the prism of interdisciplinarity. The historical materialism was chosen for the methodological perspective.The data collection was made in the city of Curitiba/PR, due to the fact that it belongs to a great metropolitan area, which passed through an industrialization process, followed by a later relocation of the industry. The sample consisted of 248 individual microentrepreneurs. From the analysis of the results, four findings stand out: a) scholarity did not reflect on higher income; b) the majority of the subjects exercise their activities in the service sector, following a global tendency; c) the reasons for choosing individual entrepreneurship as a modality of formalization included the presence of the entrepreneur speech and of the idea of flexibility in the labor relationships; d) the existence of labor devaluation for the majority of the sample, which declared being employed before its formalization as MEI. It can be concluded, therefore, that the social and social security inclusion, proposed by the policy of individual microentrepreneurship has been achieved by a small fraction of workers. For the majority of the interviewed workers, the formalization as MEI has been used as another way of devaluation of wage labor, characterizing a shift in this worker's protection from the field of laboral law to the field of common law. Thus, it can be inferred that the individual microentrepreneurship consists of another mechanism for flexibilization and devaluation of labor in favor of the accumulation of capital for the owners of the means of production.