This thesis deals with description and analysis of market with web applications to support small business projects. In a theoretical part the reader is familiar with basic concepts relating to project management. Furthermore, reader is familiar with methodology for project management and software development. Part of the theoretical part is analysis of market with web applications. To conclude the theoretical part is found out support of methodologies. A practical part, on the contrary aims, set requirements for a small project. According to these requirements are selected web applications. These web applications are described and according to criterions is selected single web application. In conclusion thesis is reviewed feedback from students. The main contribution of this thesis is found out support of methodologies, overview of free apps, user's guide to application TeamBox and feedback from students subject 4IT115.

A expansão e a popularização da World Wide Web têm incentivado o desenvolvimento de aplicações Web. É crescente a exigência por aplicações Web cada vez mais complexas, cujo desenvolvimento deve ser feito com qualidade e rapidez. Para orientar o ciclo de vida dessas aplicações, diversos métodos de desenvolvimento Web têm sido criados, além de ferramentas de apoio a sua utilização. O emprego de padrões de software no desenvolvimento de aplicações pode aumentar a produtividade e a qualidade. Com o objetivo de minimizar erros e facilitar a utilização, ferramentas de apoio à utilização de padrões têm sido desenvolvidas. No entanto, há uma carência por ambientes e ferramentas que apóiem o emprego de padrões durante as etapas do desenvolvimento de aplicações. Algumas das principais atividades para a garantia da qualidade de software são as de VV&T (Verificação, Validação e Teste). Algumas iniciativas de associação de teste a padrões têm sido estudadas com o intuito de minimizar o tempo despendido em VV&T. Neste trabalho é apresentado o ambiente Peônia com o intuito de apoiar o emprego de padrões de software durante as etapas de um processo de desenvolvimento. Para isso, os padrões de software podem ser previamente associados a essas etapas para que possam ser sugeridos durante a execução de um projeto. Além disso, o ambiente Peônia oferece a possibilidade de associar requisitos de teste a padrôes de software, para auxiliar nas atividades de VV&T. Também é proposto um Método Para Desenvolvimento Utilizando Padrões de Software, formalizando a técnica empregada no ambiente Peônia durante a execução de projetos, onde é incentivada a utilização de padrões de software na criação de artefatos e execução de fases e atividades. O método proposto estimula usuários a empregar padrões de software durante as etapas do processo de desenvolvimento, independentemente de utilizar, ou não, o ambiente Peônia / The expansion and popularization of the World Wide Web have encouraged the development of Web applications. There is an increasing demand for more complex Web applications, whose development must be done with quality and urgency. Several Web development methods have been created to guide the life-cycle of these applications, as well as tools supporting their use. The use of patterns in the development of software applications can enhance productivity and quality. In order to minimize errors and facilitate use, tools supporting the use of patterns have been developed. But there is a lack of environments and tools supporting the use of patterns during all stages of applications development. Some of the main activities to ensuring the quality of software are VV&T (Verification, Validation and Testing). Some initiatives associating test to patterns have been studied in order to minimize the time spent in VV&T. This work presents the Peony environment in order to support the use of software patterns during the development process stages. Therefore, the software patterns can be previously associated with these stages so they can be suggested during project execution. Moreover, the Peony environment offers the possibility to associate test requirements to software patterns, helping VV&T activities. It is also proposed a Method for Development Using Software Patterns, which formalises the technique employed in Peony environment during projects execution, encouraging the use of software patterns in the artifact creation, as well as during phases and activities execution. The proposed method encourages users to employ software patterns during the development process stages, regardless using, or not, the Peony environment

<p>More people are connecting to the Internet, by using computers and other devices. At the same time web applications are replacing locally installed applications. This makes web application usability an interesting and important subject.</p><p>The aim of this thesis was to find a set of usability recommendations and guidelines specifically suited for web-based applications. The guidelines were derived both from studies on how web applications and regular web sites should be designed, usability studies for locally installed applications as well as more general usability and interaction design guidelines.</p><p>A prototype was created based on the list of guidelines. The prototype was then evaluated from a usability perspective, using heuristic evaluation with Nielsen’s 10 usability heuristics, to test the validity of the guidelines.</p><p>The results of the evaluation says that while the list of guidelines can be used to help creating usable web applications, following the guidelines is not alone a mean of getting rid of all usability problems.</p>

As the number and diversity of applications available to mobile users increases, there is an increasing need for developers, network service providers, and users to understand how users perceive the network performance of these applications. MySpeedTest is a measurement tool that actively probes the network to determine not only TCP throughput and round trip time, but also the proximity to popular content providers, IP packet delay variation, and loss. It also records other metadata that could affect user experience, such as signal strength, service provider, connection type, battery state, device type, manufacturer, time of day, and location. The tool also takes passive measurements of the applications installed on the device and the network usage of these applications. My SpeedTest is available on the Google Play Store and currently has 1300+ active users. This thesis presents the design and implementation of MySpeedTest as well as effect of metrics like latency and IP packet delay variation on performance.

As web applications occupy an increasingly important role in the day-to-day lives of millions of people, testing and analysis techniques that ensure that these applications function with a high level of quality are becoming even more essential. However, many software quality assurance techniques are not directly applicable to modern web applications. Certain characteristics, such as the use of HTTP and generated object programs, can make it difficult to identify software abstractions used by traditional quality assurance techniques. More generally, many of these abstractions are implemented differently in web applications, and the lack of techniques to identify them complicates the application of existing quality assurance techniques to web applications. This dissertation describes the development of program analysis techniques for modern web applications and shows that these techniques can be used to improve quality assurance. The first part of the research focuses on the development of a suite of program analysis techniques that identifies useful abstractions in web applications. The second part of the research evaluates whether these program analysis techniques can be used to successfully adapt traditional quality assurance techniques to web applications, improve existing web application quality assurance techniques, and develop new techniques focused on web application-specific issues. The work in quality assurance techniques focuses on improving three different areas: generating test inputs, verifying interface invocations, and detecting vulnerabilities. The evaluations of the resulting techniques show that the use of the program analyses results in significant improvements in existing quality assurance techniques and facilitates the development of new useful techniques.

El objetivo principal perseguido en esta tesis consiste en proponer un catálogo de refactorings para mejorar aspectos como usabilidad, eficiencia y eficacia de los procesos de negocio de las aplicaciones web. Mientras otras publicaciones identifican posibilidades de mejorías en los modelos de las aplicaciones web, esta tesis se focaliza en identificar problemas relacionados exclusivamente con la ejecución de los procesos de negocio y sugerir cambios para optimizar la experiencia del usuario mientras este navega por los procesos embebidos en las aplicaciones. / With time, web applications changed and evolved from simple websites to complex applications that allow users to perform a wide variety of tasks and operations online. All this progress is possible due to the fact that, nowadays, web applications support Business Processes. The integration of business processes and the associated increase in complexity of web applications generally lead to underestimate its usability which affects directly the users who have to execute these business processes daily. Focused in improve the execution and the usability of business processes, a catalog of refactorings was created with suggestions of changes classified by the affected web application model. The proposed refactorings aim to improve the user experience while executing these business processes embeded in most of web application and consequently its usability.

Los requerimientos no funcionales de los sistemas software no son un todo homogéneo, hay una falta de consenso para responder preguntas tales como: ¿qué son? ¿cómo se clasifican dentro del contexto de desarrollo de software?, y ¿cómo se clasifican en el desarrollo de aplicaciones Web? Este trabajo presenta el estado de arte del concepto de Requerimientos No Funcionales dentro de la literatura existente en la Ingeniería de Requerimientos y establece como bases conceptuales que los Requerimientos No Funcionales son requerimientos de calidad y son restricciones. Sobre esta base se realiza un estudio comparativo de seis enfoques de desarrollo de aplicaciones Web. Se estudian los procesos de desarrollo que cada una de ellas utiliza para determinar los requerimientos no funcionales; las técnicas de la ingeniería de requerimientos que proponen para su elicitación, especificación, validación y gestión; y se establece en qué fase del ciclo de vida de desarrollo de software identifican y tratan a los requerimientos no funcionales. / Non-functional requirements of software systems are not a homogeneous whole; there is a lack of consensus to answer questions such as: what are they? How are classified within the context of software development? And how classify it in Web Applications developing? This text presents the state of art of the concept of non-functional requirements in the existing literature on the Requirements Engineering and establishes the conceptual foundations of non-functional requirements as quality requirements and restrictions. On this basis, we made a comparative study of six approaches of Web applications development. We studied the development processes that each approach uses to determine of non-functional requirements, the engineering techniques proposed for requirements elicitation, specification, validation and management, and established at what stage of software development life cycle they identify and address Non-functional requirements.

Οι εφαρμογές παγκόσμιου ιστού προσφέρουν ολοένα και περισσότερες, με υψηλό βαθμό πολυπλοκότητας υπηρεσίες, σε σχέση με τους πρώτους ιστότοπους που χρησιμοποιούνταν απλά και μόνο για την προβολή πληροφοριών. Λόγω της ολοένα αυξανόμενης πολυπλοκότητας των εφαρμογών αυτών, ο σχεδιασμός, η ανάπτυξη κι η συντηρησιμότητα μιας εφαρμογής παγκόσμιου ιστού αποτελεί πλέον μια πολυσύνθετη διαδικασία την οποία καλείται να αντιμετωπίσει ο σχεδιαστής εφαρμογών παγκόσμιου ιστού. Η δουλειά του σχεδιαστή μπορεί να απλοποιηθεί με την επαναχρησιμοποίηση της εμπειρίας άλλων σχεδιαστών εφαρμογών παγκόσμιου ιστού. Η επαναχρησιμοποίηση της εμπειρίας αυτής γίνεται με χρήση σχεδιαστικών προτύπων που ορίζονται από πεπειραμένους σχεδιαστές. Αν κατά το σχεδιασμό μιας εφαρμογής χρησιμοποιηθεί κάποια μέθοδος μοντελοποίησης σε συνδυασμό με ένα σύνολο σχεδιαστικών προτύπων, η τελική εφαρμογή θα είναι πιο αποδοτική και ποιοτική. Την ίδια χρονική στιγμή η χρήση φορητών συσκευών (κινητά τηλέφωνα, pda) έχει αυξηθεί σε πολύ μεγάλο βαθμό και όλο και μεγαλύτερο είναι το ποσοστό των συσκευών που διαθέτει και σύνδεση δεδομένων με αποτέλεσμα να επιτυγχάνεται εύκολα η σύνδεση στο διαδίκτυο από την φορητή συσκευή. Το πρόβλημα που παρουσιάζεται είναι ότι σχεδόν το σύνολο από τις ιστοσελίδες έχουν δημιουργηθεί για να προβάλλονται σε πλοηγούς (browsers) σε προσωπικούς υπολογιστές που κατά κανόνα έχουν πολύ μεγαλύτερα μέσα προβολής (οθόνες) σε σχέση με τις φορητές συσκευές. Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας μελετούνται οι μέθοδοι μοντελοποίησης που έχουν προταθεί από την ερευνητική κοινότητα και τα σχεδιαστικά πρότυπα που έχουν οριστεί καθώς και οι τεχνικές αποτελεσματικής σχεδίασης εφαρμογών διαδικτύου για φορητές συσκευές (τεχνικές αντιστροφής μηχανίκευσης, μετασχηματισμός μοντέλου για προβολή σε φορητές συσκευές, αυτόματη παραγωγή εφαρμογής παγκοσμίου ιστού από το μοντέλο). / Web Applications provide many services and they are not used just to display content, as it was the case for the first web sites. Due to the growing complexity of these applications, the design, development and maintenance of web applications has become a complex process that the software architect has to face. The job of the software architect can be simplified by reusing the experience of others developers/ designers/ software architects. This reuse is achieved by means of design patterns that have been defined by experts. If, we make use of a modeling method in combination with design patterns when designing a web application, the final result will be more efficient and qualitative. At the same time the use of portable devices (mobile phones, pda) has grown enormously. The percentage of available devices with data connection available is increasing. As a result, it is easy to connect to Internet from a portable device. As part of this thesis, we study the modeling methods and the and design standards proposed by the research community. Moreover we study the methods for designing effectively information systems for the support of mobile applications (reverse engineering, transformation model for viewing on mobile devices, auto generate web applications based on model etc).

Τα τελευταία χρόνια παρουσιάζεται μία ραγδαία ανάπτυξη των φορητών συσκευών οι οποίες παρέχουν στον χρήστη την δυνατότητα πρόσβασης στον Παγκόσμιο Ιστό και, κατ' επέκταση, την δυνατότητα πλοήγησης στις εφαρμογές του Παγκοσμίου Ιστού του ενδιαφέροντος του. Είναι γεγονός, όμως, ότι οι περισσότερες εφαρμογές του Παγκοσμίου Ιστού έχουν σχεδιαστεί και αναπτυχθεί ώστε να απεικονίζουν αποδοτικά το περιεχόμενό τους κυρίως στους προσωπικούς επιτραπέζιους υπολογιστές. Δεδομένου ότι οι φορητές συσκευές διαθέτουν οθόνη περιορισμένου μεγέθους και ανάλυσης σε σχέση με τους επιτραπέζιους υπολογιστές, ο χρήστης αναγκάζεται να κινείται εντός του παραθύρου της φορητής συσκευής ώστε να βρει το περιεχόμενο που τον ενδιαφέρει και την κατάλληλη θέση του παραθύρου ώστε να είναι εφικτή η ανάγνωση του. Αυτή η κουραστική και χρονοβόρα διαδικασία καθιστά δύσχρηστη την πλοήγηση στον Παγκόσμιο Ιστό μέσω των φορητών συσκευών. Με άλλα λόγια, το μείζον πρόβλημα που προκύπτει είναι πως μπορούμε να απεικονίσουμε ποιοτικά το περιεχόμενο των εφαρμογών Παγκοσμίου Ιστού, που έχουν σχεδιαστεί αποκλειστικά για επιτραπέζιους υπολογιστές, σε φορητές συσκευές. Επομένως, κρίνεται απαραίτητη η χρήση τεχνικών για φιλική προς τον χρήστη απεικόνιση του περιεχομένου των εφαρμογών Παγκοσμίου Ιστού στις φορητές συσκευές. Στο πλαίσιο αυτού του προβλήματος, η ερευνητική κοινότητα αλλά και μερικές ιδιωτικές εταιρίες έχουν προτείνει αρκετές λύσεις για την αντιμετώπισή του δίχως όμως να μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν καθολικά. Στην συγκεκριμένη διπλωματική εργασία, εξετάζουμε λύσεις που βασίζονται στην μοντελοποίηση Web εφαρμογών έτσι ώστε να βελτιώσουμε την απεικόνισή του περιεχομένου τους στις φορητές συσκευές. Στόχος μας είναι η δημιουργία ενός αυτοματοποιημένου εργαλείου το οποίο θα προσαρμόζει το μοντέλο μίας εφαρμογής, η οποία έχει σχεδιαστεί αποκλειστικά για επιτραπέζιους υπολογιστές, ώστε το περιεχόμενό της να προβάλλεται με τον καλύτερο δυνατό τρόπο σε φορητές συσκευές. Για την επίτευξη αυτή της τεχνικής μελετώνται τεχνικές αντίστροφης μηχανίκευσης και προτείνονται μετασχηματισμοί του WebML μοντέλου για απεικόνιση του περιεχομένου εφαρμογών σε φορητές συσκευές. / In recent years, we have experienced the explosive growth of mobile devices which provide on users access capability to the Web. Thus, they provide navigation capability to various Web applications on users. However, it is fact that most Web applications have been designed and developed to display efficiently their content mostly on desktop computers. Considering that the mobile devices dispose limited screen size and resolution in terms of the desktop computers, the user is needed to scroll manually inside the window of the mobile device to find the content that interests him/her and the appropriate position of the window so that viewing the web application content is feasible. This tedious and time-consuming process make it difficult to use the mobile Web access of the mobile devices. In other words, the fundamental problem that arises is how we could display efficiently the Web applications' content designed for desktop computers to mobile devices. Hence, it is necessary the usage of methods for more user-friendly representation of Web applications' content on mobile devices. In this issue, the scientific community and many companies has proposed a lot of solutions in order to face this problem. However, none of these solutions can be applied universally. In this thesis, we examine solutions that are based on the modeling of Web application in order to be improved their representation on mobile devices. Generally, our intention is to develop an automated tool that will adapt the model of a Web application that has been designed for desktop computers exclusively, in order to be displayed with the best possible way on mobile devices. To achieve our solution, we study reverse engineering techniques and propose a set of transformations on the WebML model of every Web application.

Com o crescente potencial da world wide web, a criação e desenvolvimento de aplicações web se tornaram atividades extremamente profissionalizadas, envolvendo principalmente os mercados de Design e de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs). As novas equipes de desenvolvimento têm caráter interdisciplinar, e são compostas por profissionais com perfis diferenciados, que acabam por incorporar novas combinações de competências e características de diferentes campos profissionais. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa analisa as competências da equipe de desenvolvimento de aplicações web e os processos utilizados, a fim de traçar um paralelo entre o processo, o papel do profissional e as competências necessárias em cada etapa, por meio da realização de um estudo de caso. Os resultados permitiram a construção de um mapeamento que demonstra o alinhamento entre as competências da equipe de projeto e a metodologia de desenvolvimento de aplicações web, considerando todas as etapas do processo. / As world wide web has been increasing potentially, web applications creation and development have become highly professionalized activities, involving mainly Design and Information and Communication Technology areas. The new development teams have an interdisciplinary character, and are composed of professionals with different profiles, which eventually incorporate new competences and characteristics combinations of different professional areas. In this context, this research analyses the competences of the web applications development team and the used processes, in order to draw a parallel between the processes, the professional role and the wanted competences in witch stage through a study case. The results allowed constructing a map that exposes the alignment between the design team competences and the web applications development methodology, considering all process stages.