This thesis shows some methods which are used in an ergodiagnostic review. It also shows the legal requirements for work rehabilitation and useful tools to describe jobs. This thesis focuses on the cooperation between the rehabilitation centre in Pardubice{\crq}s regional hospital and the local job centre. The recommendations from the final report of the ergodiagnostic examination are compared with the job titles of patients who underwent the ergodiagnostic examination during 2006. The patients can see the benefits of the ergodiagnostic examination and have an awareness of their own work opportunities. The job centre expects the ergodiagnostic examination to show a detailed outline of the work potential of each client and to suggest the next steps. For example, these could be the confirmation or exclusion of proposed occupations, proposed possible future positions, recommendations for professional re-qualification or eventually for filing for a disability pension. The examination should present the physical and psychical tolerances of each client and draw attention to the circumstances and knowledge which has been gained through observation during the examination, such as goodwill, work motivation, communication, punctuality and so on. Afterwards, this situation is compared to the situation and experiences of the job centre in České Budějovice.

Degree work "The Possibilities of Work Rehabilitation For Homeless People Within the Area of the Capital City of Prague" brings forward a practical survey of possibilities of the work rehabilitation for this target group. The literary - survey part consists of a concise introduction into problems of the homelessness phenomenon, deals with the welfare state relationship towards the homeless people plus the relevant legislature and, last but not least, it mentions a list of services and organizations rendering help to homeless people. The most important part of the work focuses on personal investigation of work rehabilitation. It provides a detailed description of each organization and project rendering work rehabilitation with their final comparison based on information given to the author by experts working in these organizations.

Our aim of this study was to investigate barriers and opportunities for people with mental disorders getting in to the labor market. This from experiences by people whose daily job contains work rehabilitation for this group in particular. On the basis of five qualitative interviews the results showed that prejudices towards people with mental disorders are a barrier for them to get a wage labor. Furthermore the results showed that low self-esteem within the target group and also high educational demands becomes a barrier to a wage labor. The results also showed that to focus on the healthy aspects may serve as an opportunity for people with mental disorders to get in to the labor market and be able to have a paid job. Another opportunity for this particular group consists of getting a subsidized employment. An increased knowledge among employers about the difficulties and strengths people with mental disorders may have to execute a job, can also serve as an opportunity for them to get an employment. / Vi har haft som syfte att undersöka hinder och möjligheter för personer som har ett psykiskt funktionshinder att få tillträde på den reguljära arbetsmarkanden. Detta utifrån upplevelser hos personer vars arbetsroll har inslag av arbetlivssinriktad rehabilitering för vår undersökta målgrupp.  Studien grundade sig på fem stycken kvalitativa intervjuer och resultaten visade på att fördomar som finns mot personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder kan utgöra ett hinder för dem att få ett lönearbete. Vidare kunde även hinder kopplas till låg självkänsla hos målgruppen samt ökade krav till högre utbildning för att kunna få ett lönearbete. Resultaten visade även på att ha fokus på det friska i sig kan utgöra en möjlighet till lönearbete för personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder. En annan möjlighet för den här målgruppen utgjordes av att få en anställning med lönebidrag.  En ökad kunskap bland arbetsgivare om vilka svårigheter samt styrkor personer med ett psykiskt funktionshinder kan ha i förhållande till att utföra ett arbete, kan också utgöra en möjlighet för dessa personer att få en anställning.

Résumé : Problématique : Le trouble de la personnalité limite (TPL) est une condition psychiatrique touchant environ 1 % de la population et 20 % de la clientèle recevant des services en psychiatrie (Gunderson et Links, 2008). L’un des domaines du fonctionnement dans la vie quotidienne le plus touché chez cette population est le travail (Gunderson et al., 2011; Larivière et al., 2010; Zanarini et al., 2012). À notre connaissance, aucune étude n’a décrit de façon approfondie la participation au travail des personnes présentant un TPL. Objectif : L’objectif général de cette étude vise à identifier et à décrire les obstacles, les facilitateurs de même que les solutions possibles de la participation au travail des personnes présentant un TPL selon leur point de vue et celui de leurs intervenants. Méthodologie : Une étude de cas multiples a été utilisée (Yin, 2009). Neuf cas ont été étudiés selon trois contextes socioprofessionnels de la participation au travail : A. Réintégration (personne en invalidité), B. Retour (personne en absence maladie) et C. Maintien au travail. Pour chacun des contextes, trois dyades incluant une personne avec un TPL (âgée de 18 à 55 ans) et son intervenant soutenant la participation au travail ont été interviewées. Résultats: Les résultats qualitatifs (n = 18) ont démontré que la participation au travail des personnes présentant un TPL est influencée par des facteurs individuels (p. ex., la réaction face à la pression et aux relations de travail, la régulation émotionnelle) ainsi que des facteurs liés aux acteurs et procédures des systèmes de l’assurance, organisationnel et de la santé (p. ex., la collaboration et la communication entre les acteurs, l’alliance de travail entre les acteurs et la personne présentant un TPL, les mesures d’accommodement et de soutien naturel dans le milieu de travail). Conclusions et implication clinique : Cette étude met en lumière le défi important et spécifique que représente la participation au travail pour les personnes présentant un TPL. Elle implique des facteurs personnels et environnementaux qui doivent être considérés par tous les acteurs impliqués (les utilisateurs de services, les professionnels de la santé, les assureurs et les employeurs). Les programmes de réadaptation au travail actuels devraient être bonifiés et coordonnés adéquatement avec les thérapies spécialisées afin d’aborder de manière optimale les enjeux liés à la participation au travail des personnes présentant un TPL. / Abstract : Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) affects around 1% of the population and 20% of psychiatric service users (Gunderson & Links, 2008). Recent studies show that work participation is the most impaired occupational domain and should be prioritized in rehabilitation (Gunderson et al., 2011; Larivière et al., 2010; Zanarini et al., 2012). However, to our knowledge, no study has examined in depth the specific issues regarding work participation for people with BPD. Objective: The overall purpose of this study was to identify and describe barriers and facilitators as well as possible solutions for enabling work participation of individuals with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) from their perspective and the perspective of their service providers. Methods: Using a qualitative multiple case study design (Yin, 2009), three contexts of work participation were considered: 1) work (re) integration, 2) return to work (after a sick leave), and 3) job tenure. Within each context, three dyads including an individual with BPD (aged 18 to 55) and their service provider supporting work participation were met for individual interviews. Results: Qualitative results (n = 18) showed that individual factors (e.g., reaction towards pressure and relationships at work, regulation of emotions) and factors related to stakeholders and procedures from insurance, organizational and health systems (e.g., poor collaboration and communication between stakeholders, working alliance between individuals with BPD and stakeholders, work accommodations and natural support in the workplace) influenced work participation of individuals with BPD. Conclusions and implication for practice: This study highlights that work participation presents specific challenges for individuals with BPD, including several personal and environmental factors to be considered by all stakeholders (service users, health care professionals, insurers and employers). Current work rehabilitation programs need to be improved to address more optimally the work participation issues of individuals with BPD and be well coordinated with current specialized psychotherapies.

Psykisk ohälsa är idag den vanligaste orsaken till långtidssjukskrivningar i Sverige och stressrelaterade diagnoser står för 49 procent där kvinnor är överrepresenterade. Konsekvenserna av stressrelaterad ohälsa leder till stora problem i vardagen. Där den subjektiva upplevelsen av inkongruens mellan krav och förmåga i aktivitetsutförande samt en obalans i aktivitetsmönster är centrala. Inom arbetsterapi anses ett balanserat aktivitetsmönster och kongruens i aktivitetsutförande vara en förutsättning för delaktighet och hälsa. Syftet med studien var att undersöka förekomsten av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för kvinnor med stressrelaterad ohälsa och deras självskattade upplevelser av interventionerna. Metoden som användes var en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie där data från 188 kvinnor insamlades via en egenkonstruerad webbenkät på sociala nätverket Facebook. Enkäten berörde demografisk data samt förekomst och självskattad upplevelse av sju arbetsterapeutiska interventioner. Resultatet visade att 37 procent av respondenterna erhållit någon form av arbetsterapeutisk intervention och i snitt 2.5 interventioner per respondent. Inga statistiska regionala skillnader kunde urskiljas i förekomst av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner. Den mest förekommande interventionen var Tips och råd för att hantera stressiga situationer (31%). Anpassningar på arbetsplatsen, miljö och utförande var den intervention som skattades högst då 13 av de 14 kvinnor (93%) som deltagit i interventionen skattade Mycket bra/Ganska bra. Totalt skattade kvinnorna samtliga arbetsterapeutiska interventioner Mycket bra/Ganska bra (80%). Slutsats: Resultatet visade att arbetsterapeutiska interventioner förekom endast bland cirka en tredjedel av de kvinnor som sökt vård relaterat till stressrelaterad ohälsa. Dock ansåg majoriteten att deras upplevelser av interventionerna var positiva vilket indikerar att arbetsterapeutiska interventioner kan vara ett stöd i rehabiliteringen för kvinnor med stressrelaterad ohälsa. / Mental ill-health is today the most common cause of long-term sick leave in Sweden and stress-related diagnoses account for 49 percent where women are over-represented. The consequences of stress-related ill-health leads to difficulties in everyday life. Where a subjective experience of incongruence between requirements and ability in occupational performance and an imbalance in activity patterns are crucial. Having a balanced activity pattern and experiencing congruence in occupational performance are considered to be essential for experiencing participation and health in occupational therapy theory. The purpose of this study was to explore the incidence of occupational therapy interventions for women with stress-related disorders and their self-rated experiences of the interventions. The method used was a quantitative cross-sectional study where data from 188 women were collected using a self-designed web survey on the social network Facebook. The questionnaire concerned demographic data and the incidence and self-rated experience of seven occupational therapy interventions. The result showed that 37 percent of the respondents had received some form of occupational therapy intervention and on average 2.5 interventions per respondent. There were no statistical regional differences in the incidence of occupational therapy interventions. The most common intervention was Strategies for managing stressful situations (31%). The intervention Workplace adjustments of performance and environment rated highest where 13 out of 14 women (93%) rated Very good/Fairly good. Overall the occupational therapy interventions where rated as Very good/Fairly good (80%). Conclusion: The overall result showed that occupational therapy interventions occurred only among approximately one-third of the women who sought care related to stress-related disorder. However, the majority considered that their experience of the interventions were positive, which indicates that occupational therapy interventions can be a support in the rehabilitation of women with stress-related disorders.

Nowadays, namely at the beginning of the third millennium, every individual is entitled to free choice of occupation and acquisition of the means to satisfy his/her necessaries of life. Even the handicapped people have the same rights as the other citizens and they therefore have not only the right to a special (adapted, modified) conditions of work, but also to assistance in the preparation for employment. Work rehabilitation serves to this purpose. In particular the individual plan of work rehabilitation is designed for the clients {--} handicapped persons. The objective of my work was to describe the specific steps and procedures leading to integration of physically disadvantaged persons within the open labour market, in particular to describe the existing methods enabling the evaluation of the current health potential of the handicapped client as a precondition of integration on the labour market. The determination of qualitative research was the key point of the work. I focused in my work on the research in the region of Chomutov and Žatec, carried out from September 2008 till December 2008 in Chomutov. The persons involved in the project are long-term unemployed job applicants with a certain size of disability.

Bakgrund: Det finns få studier gjorda av vilka åtgärder en arbetsplats bör genomföra för att få en effektiv och hållbar återgång till arbetet, för personer med stressrelaterad ohälsa. Syfte: Syftet med studien var därför att beskriva hur personer som tidigare varit sjukskrivna för stressrelaterad ohälsa, upplevde stöd från arbetsplatsen vid återgång i arbetet. Metod: Deltagarna bestod av sex personer som varit sjukskrivna under olika tidsperioder de senaste fem åren. Datainsamlingen skedde genom enskilda intervjuer med öppna frågor som gav tolkningsutrymme för deltagarna. Intervjutexterna analyserades därefter enligt en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen mynnade ut i två huvudkategorier: ”Anpassningar av arbetssituationen främjar arbetsåtergången” och ” Den sociala miljön påverkar arbetsåtergången”. Dessa innehöll vardera tre underkategorier. Slutsats: Slutsatsen av studien är att stödet från arbetsplatsen behöver ges efter individens kapacitet i förhållande till arbetsmiljön, såväl som i arbetsuppgifternas krav.

Assignments and organizations working with exposed women are more and more common in the Swedish society. Both authorities and nonprofit organizations are working actively to strengthen women’s position in the labor market through incentives and other measures. The study shows that the work with exposed women takes place in cooperation between the parties involved. The purpose of this qualitative study was to look into how the professionals were working with exposed women, in different types of organizations. The study focuses on highlighting techniques, qualifications, approaches and cooperation partners within organizations working with exposed women. The study has been related to the Swedish Social law, related reports, Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Constructivist counseling. The study shows that the professionals working with exposed women are using the Motivational Interviewing method and have a Constructivist approach. The study also shows that response when meeting exposed women, education, experience, knowledge of exposed women's vulnerability, and knowledge of women's options in the society are important qualifications. Finally the relevance between the conclusions of the study and the profession of educational counseling and career counseling are discussed. / Uppdrag och verksamheter som arbetar med utsatta kvinnor är alltmer vanligt i det svenska samhället. Både myndigheter och ideella organisationer arbetar aktivt för att öka de utsatta kvinnornas ställning på arbetsmarknaden. Arbetet är utformat genom varierande insatser och åtgärder. Studien visar att arbetet med de utsatta kvinnorna sker i samverkan mellan de inblandade parterna. Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie var att undersöka de professionella som arbetar med utsatta kvinnor i verksamheter, angående deras arbetsätt. Studien fokuserar på att lyfta fram metoder, kompetenser, förhållningssätt och samarbetspartners inom verksamheter för utsatta kvinnor. Undersökningen har relaterats till Socialtjänstlagen, anknytande rapporter, Motiverande samtal (MI) och den konstruktivistiska vägledningen. Studien visar att intervjupersonerna som arbetar med utsatta kvinnor arbetar utifrån samtalsmetoden MI och har ett konstruktivistiskt förhållningssätt. Vidare visar studien att bemötande, utbildning, erfarenheter, kunskap om kvinnors utsatthet samt kunskap om kvinnors valmöjligheter är viktiga kompetenser. Avslutningsvis diskuteras slutsatsernas relevans för studie- och yrkesvägledarprofessionen.

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA, stroke) is a disease that affects the central nervous system. Many people, even younger in age, have suffered the stroke, and especially in developed countries. For adults it falls into the most common causes of disability. Greater attention is now focused on medical rehabilitation, but all the elements of rehabilitation are important. The status after stroke results in physical, psychological and social consequences. Therefore, early and coordinated rehabilitation is important, since it increases the possibility of the person´s integration. The diploma thesis aims to describe particular components of coordinated rehabilitation granted to the patients after the CVA in the treatment and rehabilitation centre Chvaly. More specifically, the author tries to analyse the coherence of the individual components of coordinated rehabilitation. In the theoretical part, the author focuses at first on the definition of the CVA, follows up with a general treatise about the coordinated rehabilitation, and then she specifies coordinated rehabilitation for patients after the CVA, and briefly describes the facility under examination. To achieve the objective there has been used qualitative research, the method of questioning, the technique of a semistructured interview. The research sample includes people after the CVA, and the staff of the treatment and rehabilitation centre Chvaly, applying specific elements of rehabilitation. Research indicates that in the examined centre they use therapeutic and social elements, where the treatment dominates. The treatment center puts emphasis on self-sufficiency of a person after the CVA, working with the family and a multidisciplinary team, which is also perceived by the clients after the CVA. The results of the diploma thesis can serve as a feedback for the examined treatment centre, they can be used to improve the quality of coordinated rehabilitation. This work can be used as a source of information for people after the CVA and their families.

This study concerns the possibilities of ergodiagnostics (pre-work rehabilitation), appraisal diagnostics, in the area of employment of medically handicapped people. It emphasises the value of work and being employed for the medically disadvantaged. It familiarises those interested with this matter with the means of a complete system of rehabilitation where occupational rehabilitation is irreplaceable. The study informs where legislation on (pre-work) ergodiagnostics can be found, through vocational rehabilitation we discover more detailed information and furthermore what a medically disadvantaged person should do to be able to participate actively in ergodiagnostics. It also offers a thorough overview of ergotherapy which plays an important role in diagnostics, particularly ergodiagnostics of medically handicapped people. It leads you through individual evaluations which are currently used by ergotherapists in complete rehabilitation centres where ergodiagnostics is practised. It is not only ergotherapists, however, who participate in vocational rehabilitation but a whole multi-discipline team which cooperates with job centres. The practical part is oriented on the field of ergodiagnostics or else vocational rehabilitation. Two suppositions were made for the research. The first supposition explores how well-informed people with a medical handicap are about ergodiagnostics. The second then assumes that ergodiagnostics plays a significant role in searching for suitable vacancies for the medically handicapped. The study should serve as informative material for all interested in the problem concerned. It should be especially useful to those who work with the medically handicapped and who want to have an integral view of (pre-work) ergodiagnostics, vocational rehabilitation.