Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka vilka effekter de olika turerna kring distansarbete har fått på arbetstagares så kallade Work Life Balance inom tjänstemannasektorn. Pandemin och dess restriktioner tvingade organisationer runt om i världen och även här i Sverige att ställa om flertalet gånger mellan distansarbete och att utföra arbetet på plats. Målet med undersökningen är genom tidigare forskning, samt intervjuer med arbetstagare inom tjänstemannasektorn som tvingats till flertalet turer med distansarbete kartlägga vilken påverkan detta fått. Resultatet visar bland annat att det finns en påverkan på arbetstagares Work Life Balance i och med de olika turerna kring distansarbetet. Graden av effekter varierade men ett starkt mönster kring att det skapat en förändring kring tidsdisponering. Det psykologiska perspektivet blev en viktig faktor för att se mönster i resultatet, då detta var något som påverkade respondenterna till stor del under de olika turerna. Uppgivenhet, ensamhet och minskad meningsfullhet är tre viktiga ord som sammanfattar den psykologiska påverkan de olika turerna fick på respondenterna. Slutsatsen blev således att den generella påverkan på Work Life Balance var stor, men även varierande beroende på familjesituation, boende och ålder.

This thesis is derived from dissatisfaction with the term work–life balance. Definitions of the term imply that we have the ability to separate half of our time between home and work, but it is never this binary. The term is too simple to describe the vast concepts of work and life. Work-life balance is similar to playing a losing game with time, where one aspect is often neglected, may it be time for self, family, or health. The neglect is a product of overwork and financial stress. In The Healthy Workplace Nudge, they note that "work is baking stress into the workforce and that work is the fifth leading cause of death in America," 1 and that work-related stress is associated with a range of health concerns such as poor mental well-being, social isolation, and chronic diseases. 83% of Americans experience the effects of work-related stress.2 Consequently, they carry these feelings home each day. As factors of life pile on coupled with a range of social issues, life becomes harder to balance between home and work. As a response to rapid and unpredictable changes in society, this thesis aims to explore the ways we live and work. How can home and work environments adapt to the changing needs of society? The initial hypothesis was that a proposed shared living complex has the potential to provide social support and strengthen accessibility to programs where the individual can gain a better quality of life. Efforts to deconstruct work-life balance include breaking down the concepts of work, life, and self, causing this thesis to seem immeasurable at times. The study's intent is not to completely redefine the term but to explore how individuals can view the term as a more fluid approach to navigating life. / Master of Architecture / Work-related stress is at an all-time high, with 83% of Americans feeling pressure from work and financial concerns.2 The project acknowledges this, but it is not just concerned with those feeling the blow of burnout. Everyone works, adults, children, and teenagers. Work is an indispensable and necessary part of life, and there are multiple types of work. There is financial work, the job you do to pay the bills, there's hobby work, the things you do outside of the place you work and then there's relationship and self-work, this includes taking time to yourself and loved ones. I selected this thesis topic because it is a topic that I am passionate about and can continue to research throughout my architectural career. It's my fundamental belief that basic conditions of life should not be a struggle. This thesis is intended for people who work endlessly to provide financial support for loved ones, but because of working hours and fatigue are not able to spend time with them. It is also for those who work a demanding job and eventually work themselves into burnout and mental exhaustion, leaving it hard for them to recover. It is also for future workers to highlight the importance of discovering what matters to them. Whatever your occupation or stage of life, we all work and want a prosperous life. This thesis attempts to study how everyday work and living can be supported to give individuals better control of their time to focus on what gives them a purpose. On average, 86.9% of our time is spent indoors (at work and home).3 This thesis aims to explore a new approach to work-life balance by examining the term through the lens of physical space and architecture. In the following pages, I am working to understand how the proposed architecture can support people on a daily basis.

Tidigare forskning kopplat till poliser i yttre tjänst visar att yrket är stressfyllt, där det fanns utmaningar kring hanteringen av yrket och vardagen. Syftet var att undersöka polisers upplevelse av stressorer som kan hindra balansen mellan arbete och fritid samt strategier för att uppnå balans. 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med poliser från två regioner i Sverige. En tematisk analys identifierade sex teman. Tre teman identifierades kring frågeställningen gällande stressorer: att arbeta i skift, belastande övertid och polisrollen integreras motvilligt i fritiden. Under andra frågeställningen identifierades fyra teman: skapa fasta rutiner, mental förberedelse inför arbetspass, söka stöd från kollegor och familj och använda sig av de organisatoriska stöd som finns tillgängligt. Resultatet av studien visade att majoriteten av poliserna upplevde en balans. Detta om poliserna hade fungerande strategier för att hantera stressorerna. Studien kan användas för att Polismyndigheten skall få kunskap kring polisers upplevelser för att kunna skapa ett hälsosamt arbetsklimat.

Att skapa en god balans mellan arbete och fritid kan vara problematiskt då dygnets timmar inte alltid räcker till. Syftet med studien var därför att undersöka hur arbetande kvinnor med hemmavarande barn upplevde balansen, vilka strategier de använde sig av och vilka yttre faktorer som underlättade för dessa strategier. Genom en kvalitativ datainsamling och en intervjuguide som grund utfördes 8 semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnor i åldern 31-41 år. Det insamlade materialet transkriberades och en tematisk analys genomfördes. Totalt identifierades sex teman, varav tre beskrev strategier och tre beskrev yttre faktorer. Resultatet visade att kvinnors strategier för att balansera vardagen handlade om planering och förberedelse, tidssparande och bortprioriteringar. De yttre underlättande faktorer som fanns var ekonomiska förutsättningar, socialt nätverk samt arbetsgivarens betydelse och arbetets flexibilitet. Oavsett hur balansen upplevdes använde sig kvinnorna av liknande strategier och därför sågs de yttre faktorerna vara betydelsefulla för att uppnå balans mellan arbete och fritid.

The thesis aimed to investigate the relationship between influence over scheduling and schedule satisfaction with three central factors within the psychosocial work environment within the elder care sector: quality of work, work-life conflict and intention to quit. The JD-R model was used as theoretical approach as it provides a framework of the relationship between different work factors, characteristics, health and wellbeing, as well as a context to the different factors in the scope of the thesis. A survey was distributed among workers within the elder care sector in collaboration with a union (n=1202) and statistical analyses were made, establishing correlations between the different variables with the use of Pearson Correlation Coefficient as well as multiple linear regression analyses. The results revealed that higher degrees of influence over scheduling were associated with higher degrees of schedule satisfaction, and both variables were positively related with quality of work and negatively related with work-life conflict and intention to quit. To conclude, relatively strong relationships were found between the factors indicating that influence on scheduling and specifically schedule satisfaction are important factors associated with quality of work, work-life conflict and intention to quit within Swedish elder care.

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University lecturers have a job that is characterized by flexible working conditions and lack of boundaries. This study investigates how this is experienced by lecturers at a Swedish university and how they manage the flexibility in order to achieve a balance between work and leisure. The empirical part of the study is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with five senior lecturers within the Faculty of Social Sciences. Boundary theory and Work / Family Border Theory are used to interpret the informants' stories. The study shows that senior lecturers have a mixed experience of flexible working conditions. On the one hand informants expressed positive aspects of having choices in their work in terms of time, space and content; on the other hand, informants recounted the difficulties that can arise when it comes to finding an appropriate balance between work and leisure. The strategies individuals deploy to manage flexible working vary in line with variations in experience and awareness.

The study of work-life balance, teleworking, and diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility are increasingly studied among scholars using different theoretical frameworks. However, no study examines work-life balance, teleworking, and diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility as needs in these contemporary times that, when met, lead to higher employee job satisfaction. Existing scholarship suggests that employee job satisfaction is a function of needs. However, with globalization, human needs have changed to include social justice concerns and the desire to have a more fulfilling family life. When organizations respond to these needs, it leads to employee job satisfaction, which ultimately improves organizational performance. This dissertation proposes a Contemporary Needs Theory of employee job satisfaction and contends that work-life balance, teleworking, and diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) are contemporary needs that influence employee job satisfaction. Just as physiological, safety, love, self-esteem, and self-actualization needs are important, so are efforts to meet needs that contribute to work-life balance, teleworking, and DEIA policies. Using the 2022 federal employee viewpoint survey data and multivariate regression analysis, the findings indicate that work-life balance, teleworking, and commitment to DEIA policies contribute to employee job satisfaction. The study's policy and management implications inform researchers and practitioners of the socio-demographic dimensions affecting federal employee job satisfaction, the need for the federal government to examine policies from a historical perspective, and more effective ways of managing organizations. The study recommends that policymakers constantly review their policies and evaluate the workplace for disparities, cultural changes, and policy effect on employee behavior.

Att balansera arbetslivet och privatlivet kan vara svårt. Många spenderar mycket tid till arbetet och upplever stress i relation till sysslor som ska utföras utanför arbetet, det vill säga privatlivet. Fyra dagars arbetsvecka är ett sätt bland många att förkorta arbetstiden och förhoppningsvis medföra att stressen i privatlivet minskar. Syftet med denna studie blev därför studien att skapa djupare förståelse för arbetstagares inställning till fyra dagars arbetsvecka med utgångspunkt i balansen mellan arbetsliv och privatliv. Genom intervjuer undersöks åtta arbetstagares inställning till fyra dagars arbetsvecka. Resultatet visar både förväntade positiva aspekter och vissa utmaningar med fyra dagars arbetsvecka. De positiva aspekterna är bättre återhämtning, ökad effektivitet i arbetet samt ökad konkurrenskraft för företaget. Vidare framkom även några förväntade positiva aspekter av fyra dagars arbetsvecka för privatlivet. Att delges mer tid i vardagen att kunna tillägna obetalt arbete samt en ökad livskvalité. Slutligen framkom även följande utmaningar. Eventuell ökad arbetsbelastningsamt behov av ökad struktur än i dagsläget för att kunna utföra arbetet på färre dagar.