This is a project on the topic of living and working and it consists of two parts. The first is a research thesis analyzing the development of the atelier typology from the 1860s until today. The second part is a proposal for a new architectural typology, that combines spaces for dwelling with those of production and labor. The project is set in Stockholm. My study shows a gradual loss of the concept of the atelier as a combined/multifaceted typology. Throughout the years studied, the place to produce has gradually separated itself from both the space of dwelling and the place of consumption. My interest lies in speculating on bringing them together again, in my proposal for a new architectural typology; the ’super villa garage’. To briefly conclude, I here identify the atelier as a place of convergence between cultural production and domestic life. A space that blurs the line between the two spheres and challenges the division of dwelling and labor. As a typology that shifts the boundaries between the private, the communal, and the public I believe that it has the potential to generate new ways of living and working, as well as give new possibilities for interaction and integration with local contexts.

Agile is on the rise. The popular software development practice is making its way over to hardware development and companies are adopting it to reap the benefits. This phenomenon has been investigated to some degree and many companies are still trying to figure out if it is a useful way of working for them or not. At the Swedish MedTech company, Elekta, mechanical designers and engineers believe that hardware prototyping could be done better and faster than today. Elekta made an agile transformation to SAFe, which stands for Scaled Agile Framework, a few years ago and the hardware development struggle to match the speed of the development of software. Not much literature is aimed at agile hardware prototyping in particular. In the pursuit of adapting agile hardware development literature particularly to the prototyping process and investigating the actual process at the company, the case study presented in this report was formed. First, to explore the topic, a pre-study of orienting interviews was conducted and was complemented by a literature review. These then made up the basis for a qualitative interview study that consisted of semi-structured interviews with 12 employees at Elekta, as well as 5 employees at 5 other companies for benchmarking. The goals of this thesis project were to make recommendations to Elekta on how to adapt their prototyping process to better fit agile, as well as contribute to the relatively unexplored field of agile hardware prototyping. The case study resulted in a number of identified obstacles and enablers a company might have when implementing agile frameworks for hardware prototyping. Some of the obstacles identified were the difficulty of planning and dividing hardware in smaller tasks, not having in-house production and the difficulty to adapt to an agile mindset and focusing too much on the process of SAFe. Some of the enablers found were modularity, 3D-printing and having in-house capabilities for manufacturing prototypes. A prototyping workshop enables shorter feedback loops, which in turn enables a more agile process. The study also resulted in suggestions to Elekta, mainly concerning setting up a new prototyping workshop solution for the company, to adapt the prototyping process to better fit agile. / Agila arbetssätt blir alltmer populära. Metoderna som härstammar från mjukvaruutveckling spiller nu över till hårdvaruutveckling när företag försöker ta nästa steg mot mer moderna arbetssätt. Agil hårdvaruutveckling har studerats tidigare och många företag försöker fortfarande ta reda på om det är något för dem. På det svenska MedTech-bolaget Elekta tror konstruktörer och andra ingenjörer att hårdvaruprototypande kan gå att göra bättre och snabbare. Elekta införde SAFe, som står för Scaled Agile Framework, för några år sedan men har svårt att utveckla hårdvara lika snabbt som mjukvara. Det finns inte mycket litteratur som specifikt rör agilt hårdvaruprototypande. För att utforska ämnet genomfördes en fallstudie på Elekta. Studien inleddes med orienterande intervjuer som kompletterades av en litteraturstudie om agil hårdvaruutveckling. Dessa lade sedan grunden för den kvalitativa undersökningen som bestod av semistrukturerade intervjuer med 12 personer på Elekta samt 5 personer på andra företag som också hanterar hårdvaruprototypande. Målen med detta examensarbete var att ge Elekta rekommendationer om hur de ska anpassa sin prototypprocess för att bättre passa agila arbetssätt och att kunna bidra till det relativt outforskade ämnet, agilt hårdvaruprototypande. Fallstudien resulterade i identifiering av ett antal hinder och möjligheter som ett företag kan uppleva när de implementerar agila arbetssätt för hårdvaruprototypande. Några exempel på hinder var svårigheter med att planera och dela upp hårdvara i mindre uppgifter, att inte ha produktion in-house och svårigheten med att anamma ett agilt tankesätt istället för att fokusera för mycket på en metod eller struktur. Exempel på möjliggörare var modularitet, 3D-printning och möjligheter till prototyptillverkning in-house. En prototypverkstad tillåter kortare feedback-loopar vilket i sin tur möjliggör en mer agil process. Undersökningen resulterade också i förslag till Elekta, främst i att bygga en ny verkstadslösning för prototyptillverkning för att bättre kunna anpassa prototypandet till agilitet.

The Citizenlab is an innovative and dynamic project that aims to empower citizens and foster their active engagement in the democratic process. By creating a modular and welcoming space, the Citizenlab provides a platform for participants to reflect on their role as citizens and explore alternative perspectives on societal issues. The following provides an overview of the essential elements and objectives of the Citizenlab, emphasizing its distinctive approach in promoting citizen participation and fostering critical thinking. The Citizenlab utilizes interactive workshops as a central component, where participants are invited to engage in stimulating discussions and collaborative activities. These workshops are carefully designed to promote an inclusive and participatory environment, allowing individuals from diverse backgrounds to share their ideas and experiences. By incorporating thought-provoking “provotypes,” the Citizenlab encourages participants to challenge prevailing assumptions and envision alternative solutions to complex problems. Ultimately, the Citizenlab aspires to create a more informed, engaged, and empowered society. By promoting critical thinking, community engagement, and active citizenship, the project seeks to inspire individuals to take an active role in shaping their communities and influencing policy decisions. The potential impact of the Citizenlab extends beyond the immediate workshop setting, envisioning a ripple effect that transforms societal attitudes and practices towards a more democratic and participatory future. Through its innovative approach, the Citizenlab holds the potential to redefine the relationship between citizens and public institutions, paving the way for a more inclusive and collaborative society.

Biodiversity loss is increasing at an unprecedented rate, with the construction sector generating significant negative externalities. Developing an educational experience focused on biodiversity within this sector can enhance knowledge and expertise to mitigate such loss by showcasing resilient nature-based solutions. However, there is a lack of a clear design methodology for creating a learning experience supported by stories from construction projects. Therefore, this research investigated five design considerations: 1) enabling construction practices to be perceived as a non-human, 2) usage of animal personas to convey the rights and interests of animals, 3) establishment of interaction between humans and non-humans, 4) inclusion of a diverse group of participants, and 5) alignment between learning goals and learners’ profiles through user personas. The design process through which these considerations were investigated consisted of two workshops that incorporated various design practices, an analysis of the first workshop, and the creation of three prototypes. To further enhance this research, future work could focus on evaluating the learning experiences. For instance, one particular learning experience could be developed through an ethnographic study, investigating the perspectives of relevant species affected by biodiversity measures. / Förlusten av biologisk mångfald ökar i en aldrig tidigare skådad takt, och byggsektorn genererar betydande negativa externa effekter. Att utveckla en utbildningsupplevelse med fokus på biologisk mångfald inom denna sektor kan förbättra kunskap och expertis för att mildra sådan förlust genom att visa upp motståndskraftiga naturbaserade lösningar. Det saknas dock en tydlig designmetodik för att skapa en inlärningsupplevelse som stöds av berättelser från byggprojekt. Därför undersökte denna forskning fem designöverväganden: 1) göra det möjligt at uppfatta byggmetoder som icke-mänskliga, 2) använda djurpersoner för att förmedla djurens rättigheter och intressen, 3) skapa interaktion mellan människor och icke-människor, 4) inkludera en mångsidig grupp av deltagare och 5) anpassa lärandemålen till elevernas profiler genom användarpersoner. Designprocessen genom vilken dessa överväganden undersöktes bestod av två workshops som införlivade olika designmetoder, en analys av den första workshopen och skapandet av tre prototyper. För att ytterligare förbättra denna forskning skulle framtida arbete kunna fokusera på att utvärdera inlärningsupplevelserna. Till exempel skulle en särskild inlärningsupplevelse kunna utvecklas genom en etnografisk studie, där man undersöker perspektiven hos relevanta arter som påverkas av åtgärder för biologisk mångfald.

Created in 2018, the Climate Fresk workshop aims to raise awareness on climate change issues in an engaging and accessible way. This thesis draws on Social Interactionism, Uses and Gratification and Sociocultural Theory of Learning to conceptualize the workshop’s communicative strategies for conveying the complexities of climate change to the workshop participants. Through a synthetization of insights from various disciplines and exploration of innovative communication strategies, the study bridges the gap between knowledge and action, contributing to the semi-underexplored field of communication roles in game-based learning approaches to climate change education. Key findings reveal that tools such as informational materials, visuals, simplified scientific data, and creative techniques significantly enhance participants' understanding of climate change. The emphasis on group autonomy and collective discussions fosters a deeper understanding of climate change's complexities, highlighting the necessity for collective action. These results underscore the potential of effective communication in educational workshops to inspire individuals and communities to proactively respond to climate change, through collaborative action and by shifting the focus from individual to broader community-based efforts.

Yes / This is the eighth workshop to be organised under the postgraduate programmes in electrical and electronic engineering (EEE). The workshop concludes the Research Seminar Series, which has provided a platform for disseminating the latest research activities in related technologies through its weekly seminars. The EEE courses cover a broad range of technologies and this is reflected in the variety of topics presented during the workshop. In total, thirty-three papers have been selected for the proceedings, which have been divided into seven sections. The workshop aims to be as close to a `real¿ event as possible. Hence, authors have responded to a Call for Papers with an abstract, prior to the submission of the final paper. This has been a novel experience for many, if not all of the contributors. Clearly, authors have taken up the challenge with enthusiasm, resulting in what promises to be an interesting and informative workshop.

[ES] En esta Tesis Doctoral se aborda el problema del taller de flujo de permutación considerando recursos adicionales renovables, que es una versión más realista del clásico problema de taller de flujo de permutación, muy estudiado en la literatura. La inclusión de los recursos ayuda a acercar el mundo académico-científico al mundo real de la industria. Se ha realizado una completa revisión bibliográfica que no se ha limitado a problemas del taller de flujo, sino que han revisado problemas similares del ámbito de scheduling que consideren recursos. En esta revisión, no se han encontrado en la literatura artículos para el problema concreto que se estudia en esta tesis. Por ello, la aportación principal de esta Tesis Doctoral es el estudio por primera vez de este problema y la propuesta y adaptación de métodos para su resolución. Inicialmente, el problema se modeliza a través de un modelo de programación lineal entera mixta (MILP). Dada la complejidad del problema, el MILP es capaz de resolver instancias de un tamaño muy pequeño. Por ello, es necesario adaptar, diseñar e implementar heurísticas constructivas y metaheurísticas para obtener buenas soluciones en un tiempo de computación razonable. Para evaluar la eficacia y eficiencia de los métodos propuestos, se generan instancias de problemas partiendo de los conjuntos más utilizados en la literatura para el taller de flujo de permutación. Se utilizan estas instancias propuestas tanto para calibrar los distintos métodos como para evaluar su rendimiento a través de experimentos computacionales masivos. Los experimentos muestran que las heurísticas propuestas son métodos sencillos que consiguen soluciones factibles de una forma muy rápida. Para mejorar las soluciones obtenidas con las heurísticas y facilitar el movimiento a otros espacios de soluciones, se proponen tres metaheurísticas: un método basado en búsqueda local iterativa (ILS), un método voraz iterativo (IG) y un algoritmo genético con búsqueda local (HGA). Todos ellos utilizan las heurísticas propuestas más eficaces como solución o soluciones iniciales. Las metaheurísticas obtienen las mejores soluciones utilizando tiempos de computación razonables, incluso para las instancias de mayor tamaño. Todos los métodos han sido implementados dentro de la plataforma FACOP (Framework for Applied Combinatorial Optimization Problems). Dicha plataforma es capaz de incorporar nuevos algoritmos de optimización para problemas de investigación operativa relacionados con la toma de decisiones de las organizaciones y está diseñada para abordar casos reales en empresas. El incorporar en esta plataforma todas las metodologías propuestas en esta Tesis Doctoral, acerca el mundo académico al mundo empresarial. / [CA] En aquesta Tesi Doctoral s'aborda el problema del taller de flux de permutació considerant recursos addicionals renovables, que és una versió més realista del clàssic problema de taller de flux de permutació, molt estudiat a la literatura. La inclusió dels recursos ajuda a apropar el món acadèmic-científic al món real de la indústria. S'ha realitzat una revisió bibliogràfica completa que no s'ha limitat a problemes del taller de flux, sinó que ha revisat problemes similars de l'àmbit de scheduling que considerin recursos. En aquesta revisió, no s'ha trobat a la literatura articles per al problema concret que s'estudia en aquesta tesi. Per això, l'aportació principal d'aquesta Tesi Doctoral és l'estudi per primera vegada d'aquest problema i la proposta i l'adaptació de mètodes per resoldre'ls. Inicialment, el problema es modelitza mitjançant un model de programació lineal sencera mixta (MILP). Donada la complexitat del problema, el MILP és capaç de resoldre instàncies d'un tamany molt petita. Per això, cal adaptar, dissenyar i implementar heurístiques constructives i metaheurístiques per obtenir bones solucions en un temps de computació raonable. Per avaluar l'eficàcia i l'eficiència dels mètodes proposats, es generen instàncies de problemes partint dels conjunts més utilitzats a la literatura per al taller de flux de permutació. S'utilitzen aquestes instàncies proposades tant per calibrar els diferents mètodes com per avaluar-ne el rendiment a través d'experiments computacionals massius. Els experiments mostren que les heurístiques proposades són mètodes senzills que aconsegueixen solucions factibles de manera molt ràpida. Per millorar les solucions obtingudes amb les heurístiques i facilitar el moviment a altres espais de solucions, es proposen tres metaheurístiques: un mètode basat en cerca local iterativa (ILS), un mètode voraç iteratiu (IG) i un algorisme genètic híbrid (HGA). Tots ells utilitzen les heurístiques proposades més eficaces com a solució o solucions inicials. Les metaheurístiques obtenen les millors solucions utilitzant temps de computació raonables, fins i tot per a les instàncies més grans. Tots els mètodes han estat implementats dins de la plataforma FACOP (Framework for Applied Combinatorial Optimization Problems). Aquesta plataforma és capaç d'incorporar nous algorismes d'optimització per a problemes de recerca operativa relacionats amb la presa de decisions de les organitzacions i està dissenyada per abordar casos reals a empreses. El fet d'incorporar en aquesta plataforma totes les metodologies proposades en aquesta Tesi Doctoral, apropa el món acadèmic al món empresarial. / [EN] In this Doctoral Thesis, the permutation flowshop problem is addressed considering additional renewable resources, which is a more realistic version of the classic permutation flowshop problem, widely studied in the literature. The inclusion of resources helps to bring the academic-scientific world closer to the real world of industry. A complete bibliographic review has been carried out that has not been limited to flow shop problems, but has reviewed similar problems in the scheduling field that consider resources. In this review, no articles have been found in the literature for the specific problem studied in this thesis. Therefore, the main contribution of this Doctoral Thesis is the study for the first time of this problem and the proposal and adaptation of methods for its resolution. Initially, the problem is modeled through a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. Given the complexity of the problem, the MILP is capable of solving very small instances. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt, design and implement constructive heuristics and metaheuristics to obtain good solutions in a reasonable computation time. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods, problem instances are generated starting from the sets most used in the literature for the permutation flowshop. These proposed instances are used both to calibrate the different methods and to evaluate their performance through massive computational experiments. Experiments show that proposed heuristics are simple methods that achieve feasible solutions very quickly. To improve the solutions obtained with the heuristics and facilitate movement to other solution spaces, three metaheuristics are proposed: a method based on iterated local search (ILS), an iterative greedy method (IG) and a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). All of them use the most effective proposed heuristics as initial solution or solutions. Metaheuristics get the best solutions using reasonable computation times, even for the largest instances. All the methods have been implemented within the FACOP platform (Framework for Applied Combinatorial Optimization Problems). Said platform is capable of incorporating new optimization algorithms for operational research problems related to decision-making in organizations and it is designed to address real cases in companies. Incorporating in this platform all the methodologies proposed in this Doctoral Thesis, brings the academic world closer to the business world. / Alfaro Fernández, P. (2023). Inteligencia computacional en la programación de la producción con recursos adicionales [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/198891

The daunting challenge that faces South African business is to redress the inequalities of past discrimination and to develop to its maximum the potential of every team member while remaining competitive. Some of the key challenges include creating a supportive and attractive work environment that's inclusive of diversity, staff retention and an organisational culture that will leverage diversity. The case study organisation faced similar challenges. In order to understand the dynamics a diversity workshop was designed and consulted from a systems psychodynamic paradigm. The primary task of the Diversity Workshop was to provide opportunities for members to study and learn about intrapersonal, interpersonal and inter group relationships in relation to diversity behaviour in the workplace. 50 participants attended the workshop and 22 participants completed the questionnaire. The content was analysed and themes from a psychodynamic stance identified. The overall objective of the workshop was met as it made unconscious behaviour visible, allowed participants to reflect, facilitated dialogue and enabled transfer of learning to the workplace. This approach allowed groups to move from basic assumptions to task oriented behaviour. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial Psychology)

在審議式民主逐漸由實驗性操作邁入政策實務落實之際，政府部門人員和審議式公民參與活動研究團隊間的互動關係，乃成為影響審議式民主在政府政策實務落實的關鍵要素。本文以「中港河廊通學步道願景工作坊」為例，併採深度訪談法、參與觀察法及次級資料分析法，從官僚的工具理性與審議式民主的溝通理性之捍格切入，探究委託機關人員和研究團隊的互動對審議式民主在地方政府政策規劃過程落實之影響。研究結果顯示，政府部門人員對審議式民主的認知偏向實務、工具及結果面向，而研究團隊則是著重溝通理性和審議式民主精神的體現，二者間的衝突將可能為審議式民主於政策實務的落實帶來困境；另於過程中亦發現，審議式公民參與活動之進行可能因各種突發狀況的產生，導致活動進行無法完全實踐審議式民主精神，更顯現出活動進行和理論論述間確實存在著落差。基於研究發現，本文建議可加強政府部門人員教育與培訓，使其熟習審議式民主之意涵；另也需因應討論議題與在地系絡彈性運用公共討論模式，以有助公民參與討論的進行。此外，也建議學界未來可著力於審議式公民參與活動評估機制的建構，或從政府機關首長、內部結構及過程等角度切入深究，以對審議式民主在政府政策實務上之推行有所裨益。 / As deliberative democracy theory has gradually changed from academic experiments into practical application in policy arena, the interaction between the administrators and the research team in conducting deliberative civic engagement activities has become the critical factor that influences whether the deliberative mechanism can be adopted in policy arena. The article uses the trails for the Chung Kang Drainage to walk to and from school scenario workshop as the empirical setting. From the perspective of incomparability between instrumental rationality and communicative rationality, this article explores how the interaction between the administrators and the research team influences the practice of deliberative democracy in local governmental policy planning through in-depth interviews, participant observation and secondary data analysis. The research discovers that the administrators tend to regard deliberative democracy as practical, instrumental, and result-oriented. In contrast, the research team puts more emphasis on communicative rationality and the materialization of deliberative democracy. Such conflict may cause problems in the practice of deliberative democracy in policy arena. Besides, this article also finds that deliberative democracy is difficult to practice because of some unexpected incidents in the process of the deliberative civic engagement activities. This situation also does reveal the gap between the practice and the theory. Based on the findings, this thesis suggests that the government should reinforce the education and training of the administrators to understand the core values of deliberative democracy. Besides, due to the difference of the issue and the context, we should adopt different public discourse modes with flexibility to facilitate the process of civic engagement. In addition, in order to promote the application of deliberative democracy in the policy arena, this article also suggests scholars devote themselves to designing criteria for assessing deliberative civic engagement and to examine other factors, such as the chief executive of the agency, internal structure, and the process within public agencies.

The issue of developing effective teacher preparation and professional programs by providing effective teaching and learning strategies to prepare teachers to teach in more challenging ways and change their old ways of teaching to more powerful ones has gained great attention around the world. Cooperative learning was one of the astonishing strategies introduced by many researchers to prepare effective teachers and to solve many educational problems. Teacher educators have taken different approaches to help teachers learn and change in powerful ways. They have focused on the knowledge and attitudes of teachers in promoting their adoption of new practices through educational courses, workshops, and training. After introducing the cooperative learning strategy through a training workshop, this study investigated the knowledge of and attitude of teachers at the College of Basic Education (CBE) in Kuwait towards cooperative learning as a new teaching and learning strategy. The literature reviewed the historical and practical use, theoretical roots, different models, and outcomes of cooperative learning. In addition, (1) teachers' knowledge and attitudes as factors affecting implementation and (2) preservice teacher preparation and training in the use of cooperative learning were reviewed. An attitude survey and a knowledge test were developed based on Bouas, (1993) survey and test. Additionally, an interview guide and a demographic data survey were all used to collect data. The survey and the test were translated into the Arabic language. Ninety-one responses of participants in two experimental classes and one control class were analyzed. Twenty-one participants were interviewed. A significant difference in knowledge of and attitude towards cooperative learning was found between experimental classes and the control class (p< .05 for both knowledge and attitude). In conclusion, the training workshop affected preservice teachers' knowledge of and attitudes toward the cooperative learning strategy. Therefore, the researcher suggested that cooperative learning should be introduced in the College of Basic Education in Kuwait and the University of Kuwait as another teaching and learning strategy.