Background: Aspects of digital competence associated with occupation, participation, well-being, and health are core concerns of occupational therapy. Nevertheless, there is limited information collected about stroke survivors’ digital competences. Consequences of digitalization are lacking clarity in the field of occupational therapy.  Aim/Objective: The purpose of the study is to (1) explore the literature and identify digital competences for older adults to participate in eHealth and, in relation to that, (2) describe stroke survivors’ digital competences in eHealth. Material and Methods: Scoping review aimed to examine the extent, range, and nature of the literature on digital competences of stroke survivors’ in eHealth and identify research gaps. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Results: 13 studies met the inclusion criteria from 599 identified. Three themes emerged: ‘Information and data literacy’, ‘Communication and Collaboration’, and ‘Problem solving’. Conclusions: Methodological gaps in the study revealed that before doing an intervention study in telerehabilitation, there is a need for occupational therapists to consider stroke survivors’ needs of education about technology and eHealth in order to ensure successful participation. Significance: Further studies in the field can encourage occupational therapy with its unique focus on occupation contribute to the changes digitalisation brought into peoples’ everyday live.

The needs of the informal caregiver can be difficult to determine apart from those related to caring for the terminally ill loved one. Often, informal caregivers' individual needs are lost because of their day-to-day responsibility and care of their terminally ill loved one. The purpose of this project was to discover the characteristics of informal caregivers of the terminally ill. An integrated literature review was conducted using the Fineout-Overhalt, Melnyk, Stillwell, and Williamson's (2010) analytical approach to reviewing the evidence. The approach consisted of 7 levels for evaluating the hierachy of evidence. Inclusion criteria were studies limited from January 2004 to October 2015, English language, and full text. A total of 22 studies were reviewed and categorized according to 1 of the 7 hierachial levels, and findings related to the characteristics of informal caregivers were summarized at each appropriate level. Characteristics of informal caregivers were described regarding sociodemogrphics, such as age, gender, relationship with family members, financial status, and educational level. Characteristics of informal caregivers were discussed in relationship to the terminally ill loved one. The evidence did not concentrate on who the informal caregiver was without assessing their relationship to the terminally ill patient. It is recommended that a mixed-method approach be conducted to indentify characteristics of informal caregivers outside of their relationship with the terminally ill. Gaining a new perspective about the characteristics of informal caregivers for the terminally ill patient would help health care providers to more effectively meet their needs independent of the needs of the terminally ill loved one.

This paper uses regression analysis on a national data set from the United States from 2001-2016 to analyze racial or ethnic group disparities in home ownership between whites and blacks, Asian and Pacific Islanders, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Mexicans, other Hispanics and American Indians. I employ Integrated Public Use Microdata combined with Bureau of Labor Statistics data and Federal Reserve Economic Data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Controlling for demographic, educational, income and wealth, employment and housing characteristics, I find no significant differences between whites and Asian and Pacific Islanders, Mexicans and American Indians. However, blacks, Puerto Ricans, Cubans and other Hispanics face racial disadvantages in regard to home ownership. All minority racial or ethnic groups, except American Indians, lost home ownership parity to whites from 2007-2011, the years primarily affected by the economic crisis.

Purpose: Although logistics management is a crucial part of local and global sports events, there is noresearch-driven characterization of "sports logistics management". The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a framework that allows for a more structured recognition of logistics in sports, in general, and sport event management, in particular. In addition, we conduct a systematic literature review of sports logistics management and locate opportunities for future research both for sports management and logistics management scholars. Design/methodology/approach: Guided by Durach et al.'s (2017) systematic literature review approach, we identify key attributes and characteristics of sports logistics management. These are based on studies featuring at least partial aspects of logistics management in sports and sport events, and that were published between 2000 and mid-2019. Findings: The study reveals that sports logistics management, meaning logistics activities in sports andsport event management, is a heavily under-researched area that provides an abundance of scientific opportunities. Based on the three sport event types of local/regional sport events, major sport events and mega sport events, the authors propose four sports logistics management pillars that are central to the proposed Sport Logistics Framework: venue logistics management, sports equipment logistics management, athletes logistics management, and fan and spectators logistics management. Originality/value: This is the first study that builds on a systematic review of literature specifically focused on the logistics aspect in sports and sport event management. It provides a conceptual framework of sports logistics management and offers an agenda of future research opportunities.

Client writing has been used in association with individual therapy for many years, but published research on its effectiveness is sparse. Such research could provide a potential tool for therapists, as well as expand scientific knowledge. This review includes all available reports on the topic of client writing in individual therapy. The studies fall into three general categories: the systematic, "experimental" studies; the anecdotal reports; and the didactic reports. All studies considered show some benefit from the use of client writing in therapy. Writing appears to be beneficial whether initiated by the client or directed by the therapist; beneficial to adolescents and adults of all ages; beneficial to hospitalized patients, clients in individual therapy, and to students in school counseling; beneficial with different forms of writing; beneficial with different types of therapy; and beneficial whether writing is the main focus of therapy or only an adjunctive process. However, the conclusion that client writing is beneficial is largely based on anecdotal reports from therapists who have accidentally stumbled on it. Much more systematic research is needed, beginning with a survey to determine how extensive is its use. Specific recommendations for research are made.

This dissertation uses a modified systematic literature review to look at working with parents and carers within child and adolescent psychotherapy, and to consider this tasks relationship to therapeutic outcomes for children and adolescents. The topic is important because psychotherapy with children and adolescents inevitably involves additional relationships. The literature indicates the way this undertaking has been regarded has varied through the history of psychodynamic child and adolescent psychotherapy. Numerous writers reflect on the ongoing neglect and absence of systematic thinking in relation to the task of work with parents and carers. This lack of attention is understood to have been influenced by the traditional model of child and adolescent psychotherapy where the source of the child or adolescent’s distress or difficulty was regarded as being primarily intrapsychic. What is now known regarding the current and active nature of the child or adolescent’s relationship with the parent or carer, and the power and persistence of the parent-child bond has resulted in an acknowledgement of the need for a more equitable balance of focus between internal and external factors. In acknowledging that the external can no longer be seen as peripheral there are compelling clinical reasons to work with parents and carers. This undertaking should not be seen as dependant on the therapist’s orientation or interest. The significant scope of possibilities for work with parents and carers within child and adolescent psychotherapy is explored; however there is a lack of data relating to the clinical effectiveness of these approaches. The future need is for systematic thinking, and the development of practice guidelines for this clinical task.

<p><p> </p></p><p> </p><p><p>Dagens mångkulturella samhälle kräver en ökad kunskap och förståelse för olika kulturer. Forskning visar att sjuksköterskor upplever att det är svårt att relatera till patienten på grund av språkliga och kulturella skillnader. Brist på kulturell kompetens leder till konflikter orsakade av missförstånd och misstolkningar. Sjuksköterskor uttrycker en önskan att utveckla kunskap i transkulturellt vårdande. Utan denna kunskap är det svårt för sjuksköterskor att utveckla en vårdande relation med patienten, vilket i längden kan leda till ett bristande förtroende för sjukvården från patientens sida. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att bemöta patienter med olika kulturell bakgrund. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Analysen av insamlade data skedde enligt Evans metod. Resultatet mynnade ut i tre övergripande teman; <em>Känslor av otillräcklighet relaterade till kultur och religion</em>, <em>Strävan efter att kunna kommunicera</em> samt <em>Vilja och möjlighet till kunskapsutveckling</em>. I vårdandet av patienter från andra kulturer upplevde sjuksköterskor att kultur och religion hade stor inverkan. Språkliga barriärer sågs som det största hindret i att vårda på ett kulturellt kompetent sätt. Sjuksköterskor uttryckte en vilja och ett behov till kunskapsutveckling i transkulturellt vårdande. Slutsatsen var att bristen på transkulturell kunskap påverkade kvaliteten på vården av patienter från olika kulturer.</p></p> / <p>Today’s multicultural society demands an increased knowledge and understanding of different cultures. Research shows that nurses experience difficulties in relating to patients due to linguistic and cultural differences. A lack of cultural competence leads to conflicts, caused by misunderstandings and misinterpretations. Nurses utter a wish of developing knowledge in transcultural caring. Without this knowledge it’s difficult for nurses to develop a caring relationship with the patient, which in the long run can lead to patients lacking confidence in the healthcare services. The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences of caring for patients from different cultural backgrounds. The method used was a literature review. Evans’ method was used to analyze the collected data. Finally the result emerged into three major themes; <em>Feelings of insufficiency related to culture and religion</em>,<em> A strive for the ability to communicate</em> and <em>A will and opportunity for developing knowledge</em>. In caring for patients from other cultures nurses experienced that culture and religion had great influence. Language barriers were seen as the major obstacle for cultural competent caring. Nurses expressed a desire and a need for developing knowledge in transcultural caring. The conclusion was that a lack of transcultural knowledge influenced the quality of the care provided for patients from different cultures.</p>

<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Vårdpersonal som vårdar isolerade patienter kan känna en viss rädsla för att själva bli smittade och för att sprida smittan vidare till sina medarbetare och till övriga patienter. Denna rädsla kan uppstå till följd av okunskap och informationsbrist vilket i sin tur kan förvärra upplevelsen hos patienten som hålls isolerad. <strong>Problem: </strong>Patienter som vårdas isolerat påverkas i stor grad av sin situation. För att sjuksköterskor och övrig vårdpersonal ska kunna ge dessa patienter en god vård behövs en bättre förståelse för hur isolerade patienter upplever isoleringsvård. <strong>Syfte: </strong>Beskriva hur patienter upplever isoleringsvård. <strong>Metod: </strong>Systematisk litteraturstudie av kvalitativa studier. <strong>Resultat: </strong>De isolerade patienternas upplevelser kategoriserades i två teman; Frihet och Ensamhet med totalt åtta subteman; Brist på kommunikation, Patienters upplevelser av vårdpersonalens tillvägagångssätt, Att inte få besök, Negativa upplevelser av den fysiska miljön, God kommunikation, Stöd från anhöriga, Tro och reflektion, och Positiva upplevelser av den fysiska miljön. <strong>Slutsats: </strong>Slutsatsen dras att utan rätt stöd från anhöriga och personal blir isoleringen en negativ upplevelse som leder till en känsla av ensamhet oavsett varför patienten hålls isolerad.</p> / <p><strong>Background: </strong>Nursing staff that care for patients in isolation can feel a certain fear, a fear for also being infected and also infecting colleagues and other patients.<strong> </strong>This fear is based on a lack of knowledge and information which can lead to negative experience for the patient in isolation. <strong>Problem: </strong>Patients who are cared for in isolation are often significantly impacted by their current surroundings. It is necessary, that if nurses and other nursing staff are to give the patients good healthcare then they need a better understanding of how patients experience isolation.<strong> Aim: </strong>To describe how patients experience healthcare in Isolation<strong>. Method: </strong>Systematic literature review of qualitative studies.<strong> Result: </strong>The experience for isolated patients are categorized into two themes; Freedom and Loneliness which in turn have eight sub-themes; Lack of communication, Patients experience of how the nursing staff act, To not get visits, Negative experience of the physical environment, Good communication, Support from relatives, Faith and reflection, and Positive experience of the physical environment.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>That, without the correct support from relatives and nursing staff, care for patients in isolation will be considered as negative and will lead to a feeling of loneliness, irrespective for the reason why the patient is in care.</p>

<p><strong>Background.</strong></p><p><strong>Telephone advice increases the accessibility to health care and the streamlined work at primary health care centres. The goal of telephone advice nursing is to give the caller a correct advice, adapted to the caller’s situation, in order to reach correct care level. However, registered nurse’s telephone advice includes risks for misjudgement. </strong></p><p><strong>Aim.</strong></p><p><strong>The aim was to describe the view of registered nurse’s telephone advice at primary health care centres and call canters. The issues were if registered nurse perceived difficulties in their telephone advice and in that case, which the difficulties are. </strong></p><p><strong>Method.</strong></p><p><strong>A literature study was used, with systematic search in Cinahl and Pubmed, and also a manual search. In total 13 articles were included in this study. Content analysis was used. </strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong></p><p><strong>Registered nurse’s had difficulties in telephone advice in following areas: computerized decision aids, non-visual communication, third-part communication, limited resources, the registered nurse's vulnerability, genus and ethnicity, and also ethical questions. </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong></p><p><strong>Registered nurses perceive difficulties in telephone advice. Registered nurses should take part in the development of computerized decision support and receive continuous training in communication skills. Registered nurse’s telephone advice should be facilitated by the existence of an open climate at the workplace, to discuss and to reflect on difficulties in telephone advice. </strong></p><p><strong><p>Keywords.</p>Perception, telenursing, telephone consultation, literature review. </strong></p> / <p><strong><p>Bakgrund.</p>Telefonrådgivning ökar tillgängligheten till sjukvården och effektiviserar vårdcentralernas arbete. Målet med telefonrådgivning är att ge rådsökande rätt råd, anpassade efter dennes unika situation för att rådsökande ska nå rätt vårdnivå. Men sjuksköterskans telefonrådgivning innefattar risker för felbedömningar. <strong><p>Syfte.</p>Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskan syn på sin telefonrådgivning vid vårdcentraler och sjukvårdsrådgivningar. Frågeställningar var om sjuksköterskan uppfattar svårigheter i sin telefonrådgivning och i så fall vilka svårigheterna var. <strong><p>Metod.</p>En litteraturstudie med systematisk sökning i Cinahl och Pubmed samt manuell sökning. Sökningen resulterade i totalt 13 vetenskapliga artiklar, vilka analyserade enligt innehållsanalys. <strong><p>Resultat.</p>Sjuksköterskans hade svårigheter i telefonrådgivning inom följande områden: datoriserat beslutstöd, icke-visuell kommunikation, uppgifter i andrahand, begränsade resurser, sjuksköterskans utsatthet, genus och etnicitet samt etiska frågor. <strong><p>Slutsats:</p>Sjuksköterskans uppfattar svårigheter i telefonrådgivning. Sjuksköterskorna bör vara med att utveckla det datoriserade beslutstödet och få fortlöpande utbildning i kommunikationsfärdigheter. Sjuksköterskans telefonrådgivning bör underlättas av att det råder ett öppet klimat på arbetsplatsen för att diskutera och reflektera de svårigheter som finns med telefonrådgivning. <strong><p>Nyckelord.</p>Svårigheter, sjuksköterskor, telefonrådgivning, litteraturstudie. </strong></strong></strong></strong></strong></strong></p>

<p>Ett barn kan uppleva en operation som skrämmande, inte bara på grund av den miljö de möter utan även inför separationen från sina föräldrar. Föräldrars oro inför sitt barns operation är viktig att beakta då den kan vara relaterad till barnets oro. Syftet med studien var att göra en litteraturöversikt för att kartlägga tidigare forskning om föräldrars delaktighet i barnets perioperativa vård. Metoden var en systematisk litteraturöversikt och resultatet baserades på 14 vetenskapliga artiklar. I analysen framkom tre teman: <em>Närvaro</em>, <em>Information</em> och <em>Andra hjälpmedel.</em> Resultatet visade att föräldrar önskade närvara i samband med barnets operation samt att deras närvaro bidrog till att barnets upplevelse blev positiv. Oroliga föräldrar beskrevs som att inte vara till hjälp för barnet. Information till föräldrar och barn skapade delaktighet och resulterade i minskad oro. Det fanns ett samband mellan hur tillfredsställande information föräldrar ansåg sig fått och hur positiva de var med barnets vård. När föräldrarna fick berätta för operations- och anestesipersonalen hur barnet skulle kunna uppleva situationen, underlättade det för planeringen av vården. Det sammanfattade resultatet visade att föräldrars delaktighet var viktig för att barnets oro ska minska i samband med operationen.</p>