Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2014-01-31T17:51:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel, Debora-Dissert-2013.pdf: 3036667 bytes, checksum: d6a4114b08e29dff18f25eeae92efd89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-01-31T17:51:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel, Debora-Dissert-2013.pdf: 3036667 bytes, checksum: d6a4114b08e29dff18f25eeae92efd89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / A presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a questão do lugar da arte de rua na cidade de Florianópolis a partir da década de 1980. Do ponto de vista da história do tempo presente, aborda a construção de política pública municipal para a arte pública, desde a criação de lei de incentivo específica até as ações de repressão aos artistas de rua que levaram a proibição dos mesmos de ocuparem certos espaços urbanos. Este trabalho aborda ainda a questão da disputa de sentidos por parte do poder público em duas praças: a Praça XV de Novembro, ocupada no passado; e a Praça Bento Silvério, ocupada no presente por estes artistas. Além disso, por meio da história oral caracteriza percursos de artistas de rua em Florianópolis. Através da história destas duas praças, da legislação de incentivos à arte pública e, também, dos relatos dos artistas de rua, é possível perceber os incentivos e os limites para a arte pública na cidade de Florianópolis. / This dissertation is aimed at the study of some queries about the place of street art in the city of Florianopolis from the 1980s. From the perspective of the history of present time, it addresses the construction of the municipal public policy for public art, since the creation incentivizing laws for public art up to repressive measures against streets artists who were prohibited to presenting their work in some urban areas of the city. Also, through oral history characterizes street artists pathways of Florianópolis. This work also talks about the dispute of meanings from the government in two Town squares: the Praça XV de Novembro, which was used in the past; and the Praça Bento Silvério, which is now being used by these street artists. Through the history of these two Town squares, by the incentivizing laws for the public art and also, through reports made by these streets artists, it is possible to perceive the incentives and the limits towards the art in the city of Florianópólis.

This work explores the opportunities of working with multiplicity in fashion. This provides the freedom ofcombining inspiration from different times, places and cultures. At the same time, it is important that the viewerunderstands the fusion and that the work shows relevance to the current time in fashion. The selected parts inthis fusion are costumes from 19th century America and garments from the Russian designer GoshaRubchinskiy. The focus of this work is a fusion of these two worlds with the aim to find a new way of dressing.By finding methods that explore the complexity of Worldmaking, it led to a better understanding of theimportance of finding the balance between multiplicity and reduction. The materials from these two worlds arebased on items from websites relating to the origin worlds. These items are then developed with inspirationfrom both pleasure and insight. This collection started with two worlds that resulted in a lineup of seven looks. These looks have come torepresent another world, but still contain fragments that can be derived from its origins. This ”another world” isa young concept and eager to continue the creation of a new culture of fashion.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hispánica mención Literatura

Children are the group of a society that is most vulnerable to the effects of poverty and inequality.Street children, particularly, could represent the ultimate misfortune of poverty and inequality. The problem is enlarged by the indication that the number of street children around the world isincreasing in pace with increasing social inequality. This study departs from a rights-based approach of research informed by United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The purpose of this study is to compare Brazil and South Africa in their levels of commitment to children's rights, specifically in making internationaland national laws and regulations widely known and enforced in their respective societies, measured through the knowledge and perceptions of NGO-staff not only as professionals, but also as private citizens. The main data sources used were email-surveys and telephone interviews with NGO-staff, alongside with analysis of the CRC and the national child protection regulations in Brazil and South Africa. The main findings of this study represent a step towards covering some of the gaps in the researchliterature concerning street children. These findings are that Brazil and South Africa do not fully cover the contents of the CRC into their national child protection laws. The other finding regards the fact that Brazilian NGOs working with street children do not make consistent use of the national institutions responsible for the protection of children's rights. South African institutions, on theother hand, do make use of the national institutions responsible for the protection of children's rights.

Cette thèse a pour objet le traitement administratif des chômeurs en Pologne, étudié à travers des pratiques des agents de l’administration locale de l’emploi. L’objectif est de mettre en évidence comment ces agents traduisent les buts officiels et les règles formelles en actions et surtout d’identifier les éléments qui structurent leurs pratiques à l’égard du public accueilli. L’analyse porte sur le « people-processing » (Prottas, 1979) : c’est-à-dire les opérations consistant à transformer des personnes, dont les expériences biographiques et les conditions de vie sont très hétérogènes en sujets lisibles, classifiables, mesurables et modifiables. L’examen de ces processus a permis de s’interroger sur la transformation de l’État social en ce qui concerne les droits sociaux des chômeurs, l’inégalité face à l’administration de l’emploi et les techniques de contrôle des chômeurs et des agents publics. Les résultats s’appuient sur plusieurs enquêtes réalisées entre 2007 et 2014 dans 5 établissements locaux de l’administration de l’emploi et sur une analyse documentaire qui les a complété. Les recherches de terrain ont consisté en 111 entretiens approfondis menés surtout avec le personnel de ces agences travaillant en première ligne de l’accueil ainsi qu’avec des personnes inscrites en tant que chômeurs. Outre les séries d’entretiens, le matériau qualitatif se compose de documents administratifs et d’outils de travail dont les agents de base se servent au quotidien ainsi que de courts épisodes d'observation. Quant à l’analyse de documents nationaux, elle a compris le cadre légal depuis la création du statut administratif du chômeur en 1989 et les statistiques publiques. / This PhD thesis discusses what is actually done in the name of unemployment policy in Poland. It demonstrates how street-level bureaucrats in Public Employment Services (PES) translate official objectives and formal rules into practices and it identifies elements that structure their actions towards people, who register as unemployed. The study concern ‘people-processing’ – to use a notion of Jeffrey Prottas (1979): i.e. operations which consist in transforming people with heterogeneous biographies and life situations into subjects who are legible, subjected to standardised categorisation and measurable. The analysis gives critical insight into changes of welfare state with respect to social rights of unemployed and their accessibility, mechanisms of reproduction of inequalities through PES and technologies of control of both street-level bureaucrats and the unemployed. The results are based on several researches conducted between 2007 and 2014 in 5 local PES, which were complemented by a vast documentary analysis. Fieldwork consisted of 111 in-depth interviews conducted mainly with street-level bureaucrats and people, who were currently or previously registered as unemployed. The study also covered administrative documents, daily working tools (such as individual action plans, data basis, activation textbook, etc.), spatial organisation of the offices and it was supplemented by short observations. The additional documentary analysis included legal acts since 1989, public statistics and other official documents concerning labour market policy.

La thèse porte sur un champ spécifique des politiques publiques abordé à travers le filtre des interactions quotidiennes entre les agents d’État et le public. Plus spécifiquement, elle est centrée sur la politique migratoire de la Pologne. Elle consiste à interroger un cas particulier (le Département des étrangers de l’office la Voïvodie de Mazovie) comme lieu où se cristallisent et révèlent les logiques divergentes et souvent contradictoires caractérisant l'ensemble d'un champ de politique étatique. Elle est guidée principalement par la question de savoir ce que les pratiques quotidiennes des fonctionnaires du Département peuvent révéler sur la configuration et les logiques internes du champ des politiques migratoires en Pologne. Inscrit dans une perspective interactionniste, ce travail puise également son inspiration dans les travaux sur les « politiques de guichet » ou encore la « street-level bureaucracy ». Il inclut aussi d'importants éléments de la tradition néo-institutionaliste, notamment par l’usage du concept de champ organisationnel. Le point central de la démarche est l'idée qu'il est possible de mettre en lumière la configuration d'un tel champ et les dynamiques qui le parcourent, à partir d'une analyse focalisée sur un de ses acteurs clés. Ainsi, ce travail, réalisé en co-tutelle et situé à l'intersection de la science politique et de la sociologie, allie une réflexion sur le processus politique d'élaboration des politiques publiques à une étude sociologique à l'échelle micro. Dans une approche qualitative, l'enquête inclut une période d'observation participante au sein de l'institution étudiée et une série d'entretiens semi-directifs. / The dissertation focuses of Poland's migration policy as seen through the lens of the daily face-to-face interactions between immigrants and civil servants at the Department of Foreigners of the Masovian Voivodeship Office – an institution responsible for the legalization of foreigners' stay in Poland. This specific case is analyzed as a site where different and often divergent logics characteristic of this field of policy come into play and become apparent. Thus, the central question is what can be learned about the configuration and internal dynamics of a field of public policy through an observation of everyday practices of the agents of the Department. While adopting an interactionist perspective, this work draws as well on a literature focused on what can be called « street-level bureaucracy ». It also includes important elements of the neo-institutionalist tradition, notably through the use of the concept of organizational field. An idea central to the approach taken here is that it is possible to throw light on the configuration and the logics characterizing such a field based on an analysis of one of its key actors. Situated between the disciplines of political science and sociology, this work combines a reflection on the process of policy-making with a micro-scale sociological inquiry. Following a qualitative approach, the research consists of a period of participant observation and a series of semi-structured interviews.

This work is dedicated to development of city furniture (station shed, bench, litter box). The first part contains the analysis of city furniture (historical, technical and design). Second part is dedicated to the design decision in particular. The main goal was to contemplate the design of station shed, which will be totally defending from bad weather; bench design, which would be impossible to be used as a ‘bed for homeless’; litter box, which would be aesthetically matching the shed and the bench. Additional task was to contemplate canopies of various sizes, enabling the city to install same type of canopies regardless of the size. The suggested design has been influenced by aesthetics, ergonomics, technology and other important aspects of industrial design.

Since China's shift to market socialism, many marginalized by this process work as informal street vendors where they reappropriate public space in order to survive―a practice at odds with urban authorities' modernizing agenda. In relation to these competing logics concerning public space's use value versus its exchange value, this dissertation examines the practices, experiences, and agency of informal street vendors working in Sanjingwuwei, an ordinary, yet rapidly gentrifying, neighborhood of Nanchang, capital and largest city of southeastern China's Jiangxi Province. After describing the growth of an informal economy in modern China and providing a history of street vending, I describe the everyday practices of vendors and their reappropriation of public space in Nanchang and the Sanjingwuwei neighborhood. I then provide the socio-demographic details of Sanjingwuwei’s vendors and use their voices to demonstrate how city image protection, a burgeoning informal sector, and the globalization of urban space bring challenges to their already precarious work in the streets. The dissertation concludes by linking the practices and agency of Nanchang’s vendors into a theoretical discussion concerning the agency of informal street workers. Despite daily attempts by the local state to remove them, this study shows how Nanchang's street vendors, continue to actively engaging in alternative forms of urban space-making through reappropriating of public space. Therefore, this dissertation shows how vendors challenge the city as a system by downscaling, slowing down, decommodifying, and ultimately, deglobalizing urban space to neighborhood-level through their reappropriation of public space.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第17536号 / 工博第3695号 / 新制||工||1562(附属図書館) / 30302 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 中川 大, 教授 藤井 聡, 准教授 松中 亮治 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

There are different views on the cause of the onset of homelessness. For example, it is sometimes suggested that the reason lies with the individual, while others stand by the idea that the cause would be found in the country's lack of housing. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the issue of how the social workers works with the housing aid in Sundsvall at the Social Services handle applications and assess eligibility for the housing aid. The purpose is also to investigate how the social workers approach and assess the background problems of those applying for the housing aid, and how the they based on this construct clients. The theory of the present study is that presented by Michael Lipsky in "Street-level bureaucracy" - the dilemmas of the individual in public service (1980). It describes how the street-level bureaucrats, that is, those in direct contact with the public, carry out or enforce actions undertaken by the legislator and by decisions taken in the public sector. In order to be able to perform and execute decisions on the needs of the individual applicant, street-level bureaucrats have a large individual self-determination, also called discretion. It is both a prerequisite for individualized decisions, while opening up unwanted influences in decision making. To answer the purpose and the questions asked, three different methods has been used, consisting of: a document study based on assessments on the social housing aid, a vignette study with three hypothetical cases and individual follow-up interviews. The results have shown that the street-level bureaucracy/social workers uses their discretion while assessing the eligibility of the social housing aid, whilst also relying on legislative regimes. Different factors of the background problem relative to different other aspects are shown to be part of how the social workers construct clients and make their decisions regarding the housing aid. / Det finns divergerande uppfattningar om orsaken till uppkomsten av hemlöshet. Det anförs exempelvis ibland en ide om att orsaken ligger hos individen, samtidigt som andra förfäktar iden om att orsaken skulle stå att finna i att den större delen av landet har brist på bostäder. Syftet är att undersöka hur socialsekreterarna vid enheten för bostadssocialt bistånd på socialtjänsten i Sundsvalls kommun arbetar med biståndsbedömningar, men även att undersöka hur de förhåller sig till den bakgrundproblematik som de som ansöker om bostadssocialt bistånds har och hur socialsekreterarna utifrån detta konstruerar klienter. Teorin för den föreliggande studien är den som presenteras av Michael Lipsky i ”Street-level bureaucracy”- dilemmas of the individual in public service. Den beskriver hur gräsrotsbyråkraten, det vill säga den som är i direkt kontakt med allmänheten, utför eller verkställer åtgärder som föranstaltas av lagstiftaren och genom beslut tagna i den offentliga sektorn. För att kunna utföra och verkställa beslut om behov för den enskilde hjälpsökande har gräsrotsbyråkraten ett stort individuellt självbestämmande, även kallat diskretion. Den är både en förutsättning för individanpassade beslut, samtidigt som den öppnar upp för oönskade influenser i beslutstagandet. För att besvara syftet och de ställda frågorna har tre metoder använts, de består av: en dokumentstudie, en vinjettstudie, samt intervjuer. Resultatet har bland annat visat på att gräsrotsbyråkraterna/socialsekreterarna använder diskretion vid bedömningen kring bostadssocialt bistånd, samtidigt som de förlitar sig på lagstiftningar och riktlinjer. Olika faktorer i individernas bakgrundproblematik i förhållande till andra aspekter som exempelvis socialsekreterarnas erfarenhet och ålder, kulturella och ideologiska föreställningar och ekonomiska ansvar visar sig vara en del i hur socialsekreterarna konstruerar klienter.