Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T19:18:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 120975.pdf: 8937130 bytes, checksum: 3918dbb9795770d7fbe8f91e48c060df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work performs a case study on absorptive capacity of technical and commercial knowledge for startups and continuous improvement, developed on Specto company. The study was mainly based on the concepts of Innovation (Apaydin & Crossan, 2010), Lean Startup (Ries, 2012), and Absorptive Capacity (Cohen & Levinthal, 1990, and Zahra & George, 2002). Through qualitative analysis, observations and interviews with triangulation, the products QualProx, VisAct and Ozon-in were analyzed. In this analysis it was possible to classify the type of innovation, phases of startup or continuous improvement, and practices related to absorptive capacity. At the end, suggestions for improving the absorptive capacity of technical and commercial knowledge for startups and continuous improvement process were made. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar um estudo de caso sobre a capacidade absortiva de conhecimentos técnico-comerciais para startups e melhoria contínua de produtos da Specto, com base, principalmente, nos conceitos de inovação de Crossan e Apaydin (2010), Startup Enxuta de Ries (2012), e de capacidade absortiva de Cohen e Levinthal (1990) e Zahra e George (2002). Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise qualitativa, com base em observação e entrevistas com triangulação, sobre o histórico dos produtos QualProx, VisAct e Ozon-in. Nessa análise foi possível classificar o tipo de inovação, fases de startup ou de melhoria contínua, e as práticas relacionadas à capacidade absortiva. Ao fim, foram feitas sugestões para a melhoria do processo de absorção de conhecimentos técnico-comerciais da Specto, para fases de startup e de melhoria contínua de produtos.

Before 1950, the Chinese automobile industry did not exist, let alone manufacturing passenger cars. Currently, the Chinese automobile market has become the largest market in the world. Chinese companies have launched their own brand of passenger cars to compete with other international companies in the world only in 30 years. In our research, we analysed the development of the Chinese automobile industry from the perspective of knowledge transfer. This study employed qualitative method to conduct the research and a Chinese automobile company was taken as an example. To analyse the process of knowledge transfer, we created an analytical model which is based on previous research. The primary data to test the model comes from three interviews, which were conducted with employees working as manager and engineer in the Chinese automobile industry. The secondary data was collected to complement the primary data. All data were used to present a holistic view of the process researched. Our results show that the rapid growth began with the attention of the Chinese government who set the Chinese automobile industry as the "pillar industry" of the Chinese economy. Then, the rapid development of the Chinese automobile industry greatly depends on the process of cross-border knowledge transfer, which is significantly influenced by the Chinese government. Our main contribution is that the process of knowledge transfer can work well within an environment controlled by the government, in spite of lacking the enablers examined in previous studies (e.g. trust). Another contribution is the analytical model we created to analyse the whole process of knowledge transfer.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suzana Gilioli da Costa Nunes.pdf: 1163925 bytes, checksum: aa9c952dffb7a7d62052a6f61929b153 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-20 / This thesis involved three constructs in the area of organizational strategy, exploration, exploitation and carrying capacity of the organizational knowledge. The main objective was to evaluate the degree of association between exploration and exploitation and absorption capacity. To achieve this main objective, it was formulated three others, the secondary character, for the three constructs involved in the research. From this, twelve specific goals and two hypotheses were stated. For the achievement of general and specific objectives of this thesis it was developed a quantitative research study, with the level of analysis one hundred companies within the sectors of trade and services, located in the city of Palmas, Tocantins State. The respondents consisted of managers working at these companies. The questionnaire was developed using two scales. One for the measurement of the guidelines for exploration and exploitation, developed by Popadiuk (2012) and the other on the scale was measuring the absorption capacity of knowledge developed by Matusik and Heeley (2005). Statistical analyzes were related to the objectives of descriptive character. To verify the two hypotheses the technique involved the Structural Equation Modeling using software PLS-PM. As the concepts of exploration and exploitation were based on the proposed Popadiuk (2012) which is translated by six dimensions: practices of organizational knowledge, practices, innovation, strategic focus, competition, partnership and efficiency, hence originated six specific objectives. Since the concept of absorption capacity was translated by four specific objectives, in order that one of the dimensions involved two other smaller. The results showed that the companies surveyed have guidance for exploitation. In relation to absorptive capacity, firms have a high degree of predominance of relationship with the environment, routines and procedures and public awareness. However, showed low level in relation to individual abilities. The third goal, which is the association between the two constructs, the results showed that the analysis by structural equation modeling, we can identify the measurement model used was adequate in terms of its convergent validity and discriminant validity . Both hypotheses were confirmed. The absorption capacity knowledge showed a coefficient for explaining operation and exploitation, characterized as the significant level of 1%. The absorption capacity of more influence than the operation guidance for exploitation as ratio between operating and absorption capacity is greater than the coefficient of exploitation identified and absorption capacity. / Esta tese envolveu três construtos da área de estratégia organizacional: exploração, explotação e capacidade de absorção do conhecimento organizacional. O objetivo principal foi avaliar o grau de associação entre exploração e explotação e a capacidade absorção. Para atingir esse objetivo principal, foram formulados três outros, de caráter secundário, referentes aos três construtos envolvidos na pesquisa. A partir disso, doze objetivos específicos e duas hipóteses foram enunciadas. Para o atingimento dos objetivos gerais e específicos desta tese foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo, tendo como nível de análise cem empresas pertencentes aos setores de comércio e de serviços, localizadas na cidade de Palmas, Estado do Tocantins. Os informantes consistiram em gestores que trabalhavam nessas empresas. O questionário aplicado envolveu a utilização de duas escalas. Uma para a mensuração das orientações para exploração e explotação, desenvolvido por Popadiuk (2012) e a outra escala foi referente à mensuração da capacidade de absorção do conhecimento, desenvolvida por Matusik e Heeley (2005). As análises estatísticas relativas aos objetivos foram de caráter descritivo. Para a verificação das duas hipóteses a técnica utilizada envolveu a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, mediante o software PLS-PM. Como os conceitos de exploração e explotação foram baseados na proposta de Popadiuk (2012) que é traduzida por seis dimensões: práticas de conhecimento organizacional, práticas de inovação, foco estratégico, competição, parcerias e eficiência; daí, originaram-se seis objetivos específicos. Já o conceito de capacidade de absorção ficou traduzido por quatro objetivos específicos, tendo em vista que uma das dimensões envolvia duas outras, menores. Os resultados demonstraram que as empresas pesquisadas possuem orientação para explotação. Já em relação à capacidade de absorção, as empresas possuem alto grau de predominância de relacionamento com o ambiente, rotinas e procedimentos e conhecimento público. Entretanto, apresentaram baixo grau no que se refere às habilidades individuais. Quanto ao terceiro objetivo, que trata da associação entre os dois construtos, os resultados demonstraram que, pela análise, mediante a modelagem de equações estruturais, pode-se identificar que o modelo de mensuração adotado foi adequado em termos de sua validade convergente e validade discriminante. As duas hipóteses foram confirmadas. A capacidade de absorção do conhecimento apresentou um coeficiente de explicação para exploração e para explotação, caracterizados como significantes ao nível de 1%. A capacidade de absorção influencia mais a orientação para exploração do que para explotação dado que coeficiente entre exploração e capacidade de absorção foi maior do que o coeficiente identificado entre explotação e capacidade de absorção.

Os custos elevados de aquisição de conhecimento, a intensificação da concorrência e a necessidade de aproximação do consumidor vêm estimulando empresas a buscar formas alternativas de aumentar seu potencial de inovação pela integração de usuários. No entanto, a literatura e o senso comum convergem ao afirmar que nem todo usuário está habilitado a trazer conhecimentos que sustentem a vantagem competitiva das inovações. Nesse contexto, emerge a figura do lead user que, por definição, é capaz de sentir necessidades de produtos e serviços ainda não expressos por usuários regulares. Esses conhecimentos, quando adequadamente absorvidos, trazem benefícios expressivos às empresas que os incorporam ao DNP. Sabendo que as formas de incorporação de usuários apresentam variações, este estudo se destina a entender como empresas de diferentes setores absorvem conhecimentos de lead users por diferentes práticas de integração. Para tanto, foi escolhido o método de estudo de casos múltiplos incorporados, observados em três multinacionais de grande porte: Natura, Whirlpool e Microsoft (Bing). Ao todo foram avalidados cinco modos de integração distintos, escolhidos a partir de duas formações: individual (conhecimentos isolados de usuários distintos) e coletivo (conhecimentos articulados em discussões em grupo), analisados pelos métodos de indução analítica com síntese cruzada de dados. Os resultados mostraram que as categorias teóricas utilizadas para observação inicial do fenômenol: parâmetro de identificação e técnica de seleção (aquisição); mecanismo de interação (assimilação); mecanismos de socialização (transformação) e sistema de formalização (exploração) apoiaram parcialmente o entendimento das atividades do processo e, por esta razão, precisaram se complementadas pelas categorias emergentes: criação de contexto, motivação (aquisição); estímulos, parâmetro de observação, interpretação (assimilação); definição de papéis, coordenação de processos, combinação de conhecimento (transformação) e gestão do conhecimento (exploração), coletadas na fase empírica Essa complementação aumentou a robustez do modelo inicial e mostrou como a absorção de conhecimentos pode ser avaliada pelas dimensões absortivas. No entanto, as análises intra e intercasos que se seguiram, mostraram que esse entendimento era insuficiente para explicar a capacidade de absorção por diferentes práticas, uma vez que o fenômeno é influenciado por fatores contextuais associados tanto à prática de integração quanto ao modo como cada empresa se organiza para inovar (tipo de acesso ao colaborador). As reflexões teóricas realizadas a partir desses resultados permitiram contribuir com a teoria existente de duas formas: I) pelo entendimento estendido das atividades de absorção necessárias para incorporação de conhecimentos de lead users e III) pela proposição de um modelo conceitual amplo que abarcou diferentes práticas de integração considerando também os antecedentes de inovação, as atividades absortivas e os fatores adjuntos, inerentes a cada prática. Esta pesquisa objetiva contribuir para o conhecimento teórico sobre inovação e motivar reflexões que possam ser úteis para gerentes e executivos interessados em aprimorar suas práticas e processos de captação de conhecimentos de lead users. / The high costs of acquiring knowledge, the increased competition and the need for consumer approach has stimulated companies to seek alternative ways to increase their innovation potential by integrating users. However, literature and common sense converge to say that not every user is able to bring knowledge to support the competitive advantage of innovations. In this context, the picture emerges of the lead user that, by definition, is capable of sensing needs for products and services not yet expressed by regular users. This knowledge, when properly absorbed, bring significant benefits to companies that incorporate the DNP. Knowing that the forms of incorporation users have variations, this study aims to understand how companies from different sectors lead absorb knowledge users for different integration practices. Thus, it was chosen the method of multiple case study incorporated, observed in three large multinationals: Natura, Whirlpool and Microsoft (Bing). In all, we avalidados five distinct modes of integration, chosen from two configurations: individual (individual knowledge of different users) and collective (articulated knowledge in group discussions), analyzed by the methods of analytic induction cross-synthesis of data. The results showed that the theoretical categories used for the initial observation phenomenological: identification and parameter selection technique (acquisition); interaction mechanism (assimilation); socialization mechanisms (transformation) and formalizing system (exploration) partially supported the understanding of the process activities and, therefore, had to be complemented by emerging categories: context of creation, motivation (acquisition); stimulus parameter of observation, interpretation (assimilation); definition of roles, coordination processes, combination of knowledge (processing) and knowledge management (holding) collected empirical phase This supplement increased the robustness of the initial model and showed how the absorption of knowledge can be assessed by the absorptive dimensions. However, intra- and intercasos analysis that followed showed that such an approach was insufficient to explain the absorption capacity for different practices, since the phenomenon is influenced by contextual factors related both to the practice of integration as to how each enterprise is organized to innovate (type of access to the employee). The theoretical reflections made from these results allowed to contribute to the existing theory in two ways: I) by understanding extended the absorption activities necessary for incorporating lead users of knowledge and III) by proposing a broad conceptual model that encompassed different practices Integration also considering the innovation history, the absorptive activities and deputy factors inherent to each practice. This research aims to contribute to the theoretical understanding of innovation and motivate reflections that might be useful for managers and executives interested in improving their practices and lead users knowledge capture processes.

Um dos temas de maior interesse na pesquisa em estratégia nos últimos anos tem sido as capacidades dinâmicas, uma abordagem que se baseia nos conceitos de recursos e rotinas organizacionais para explicar a heterogeneidade do desempenho das organizações. Os estudos quantitativos na área são menos frequentes e tendem a usar medidas financeiras e unidimensionais, com particular interesse na relação entre as capacidades dinâmicas e o desempenho em detrimento de seus antecedentes. A fim de contribuir com a literatura, esse trabalho mapeia as principais bases teóricas relativas ao tema de capacidades dinâmicas e analisa quantitativamente o funcionamento de uma capacidade dinâmica com base em indicadores dos seus processos assim como examina seus condicionantes. Para operacionalização da etapa empírica, este trabalho elegeu um tipo específico de capacidade dinâmica, a capacidade de absorção, e restringiu a amostra a um setor, o de tecnologias da informação e comunicação no Brasil. A capacidade de absorção é relevante para a competitividade nesse setor porque ele é intensivo em conhecimento e enfrenta competição global, permitindo às organizações absorverem conhecimento de fontes externas e convertê-los em recursos que melhorem o desempenho em congruência com o ambiente. O modelo empírico foi avaliado com a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais e construído com dados secundários de fontes oficiais. Verificou-se que a capacidade de absorção é um constructo bidimensional, cuja capacidade realizada estabelece uma relação de mediação entre a capacidade potencial e o desempenho da inovação. Foi identificado também que o desempenho da inovação afeta o desempenho de mercado, mas não o desempenho ambiental. Confirmou-se condicionantes do modelo que são estatisticamente significantes. Finalmente, foram encontradas evidências do formato do processo da capacidade de absorção. Os resultados empíricos e o mapeamento das bases conceituais contribuem para melhorar a compreensão das capacidades, com implicações teóricas e gerenciais. / One of the most relevant issues of strategy research in recent years has been dynamic capabilities, an approach, based on the concept of resources and organizational routines, aims to explain heterogeneity of organizations performance. Quantitative studies in the area are less frequent and tend to use one-dimensional and financial measures, with particularly interest in the relationship between dynamic capabilities and performance at expense of their antecedents. In order to contribute to literature, this work maps the main theoretical bases about dynamic capabilities and quantitatively analyzes the operation of a dynamic capability based on indicators of its processes as well as examining their conditionings. To operationalize empirical stage, this work elected a particular type of dynamic capability, absorptive capacity, and restricted sample to one sector, information and communication technology in Brazil. Absorptive capacity is relevant to competitiveness in this sector because it is knowledge-intensive and faces global competition, enabling organizations to absorb knowledge from external sources and convert them into resources that improve performance in congruence with environment. Empirical model was evaluated with structural equation modeling technique and built with secondary data from official sources. It was found that absorptive capacity is a two-dimensional construct, whose realized capacity establishes a mediation relationship between potential capacity and performance of innovation. It was also identified that performance of innovation affect the market performance, but not the environmental performance. It was confirmed that model constraints are statistically significant. Finally, evidence of the process format of absorptive capacity was found. Empirical results and the mapping of the conceptual bases contribute to better understanding of capabilities, with theoretical and managerial implications.

L’objet de cette thèse est l’analyse du comportement d’innovation des entreprises en Tunisie. L’analyse portesur les conditions économiques qui motivent les entreprises à innover, celles qui orientent leurs activités d’innovationet celles qui rendent difficile leur succès. La thèse est organisée en deux parties. La première partieprésente une relecture des théories modernes de l’innovation, les caractéristiques de l’économie tunisienneet celles de l’enquête sur l’innovation en Tunisie, utilisée dans l’analyse. La seconde partie de la thèse présenteles résultats des analyses statistiques et économétriques des déterminants de l’innovation en Tunisie.L’analyse est affinée autour des questions plus spécifiques, particulièrement pertinentes dans le cadre d’unpays en développement comme la Tunisie et en rapport avec les politiques mises en oeuvre et la stratégiede spécialisation internationale retenue dans ce pays. L’analyse conduit à un premier tableau des activitésd’innovations en Tunisie, qui nous amène à nous interroger sur la relation entre les stratégies d’exportationet les activités d’innovation des firmes. Une autre dimension internationale des stratégies de développementmodernes concerne le rôle des investissements directs étrangers dans l’innovation. La thèse s’interroge, endernier lieu, sur les dimensions de l’économie tunisienne qui sont perçues par les firmes comme affaiblissantleurs capacités à innover. / The purpose of this thesis is the analysis of the innovation behaviour of firms in Tunisia. The analysis focuseson the economic conditions that motivate firms to innovate, those which direct their innovation activitiesand those that make difficult their success. The thesis is organized into two parts. The first one presents apresentation of modern theories of innovation, the characteristics of the Tunisian economy and those of thesurvey on innovation in Tunisia, used in the analysis. The second part of the thesis presents the econometricand statistical results of the analysis of determinants of innovation in Tunisia. The analysis is refined on morespecific questions, particularly relevant in the context of a developing country like Tunisia and related withthe implemented policies and the strategy of international specialization chosen in this country. The analysisleads to a first picture of innovation activities in Tunisia, which leads us to wonder about the relationshipbetween export strategies and innovation activities of firms. Another international dimension of the modernstrategies of development concerns the role of the foreign direct investments in the innovation. The thesisexamines, finally, the dimensions of the Tunisian economy which are perceived by firms as weakening theirability to innovate.

There is enormous pressure on organizations that they need to change to become more efficient, andmany changes are related to IT. Tougher competition in the market forces organizations to beinnovative. Being innovative does not necessarily mean that you have product innovations but also thatyou best can take advantage of new knowledge. In recent years, many companies have replaced itslegacy systems with a fully integrated ERP system. Majority of these organizational changes, due to theimplementations of ERP, fail.It is one of the reasons that many researchers have been interested in identifying factors critical forsuccessful change. In this study are the most common critical success factors, according to previousstudies, set in contrast to the change process that was carried out on Axfood. Many people havehighlighted the change process in Axfood as a successful example and it is therefore interesting to see ifwe can draw some lessons from the successful example that may be of benefit to other companies.In addition to previous research on the subject, I use the theories of Change Management andAbsorption Ability as a theoretical frame of reference.The study shows that the work of change management and the work of strengthening the organization'sabsorption capacity were two parallel ongoing processes that are to be regarded as interdependent foroptimal success. Corporate management's commitment is also considered a critical success factor. Workwith change management is considered by the respondents to be essential for all organizational changes.The respondents emphasized the importance of not neglecting the work of continuously strengtheningthe organisation's absorption capacity. The respondents believe that the continuous work to strengthenAxfood's absorption capacity was what permeated the entire change process and is the key to successwith the change work. / Organisationer måste anpassas och därmed förändras för att fortleva. Flera av dessa förändringar ärrelaterade till IT. Ett ökat konkurrenstryck på marknaden har resulterat i organisationer förväntas varainnovativa. Att vara innovativ behöver nödvändigtvis inte innebära att man har produktinnovationerutan också att man på bästa sätt kan tillvara på ny kunskap. På senare år har många företag ersatt sinatidigare system med ett övergripande affärssystem. Med övergripande affärssystem menas att systemetger kontroll och översikt över hela verksamheten. Många av dessa organisationsförändringar, till följdav implementeringar av affärssystem, misslyckas. Misslyckas på så sätt att implementeringsprocessendrar över den planerade tiden och den tänkta budgeten, missnöje bland anställda uppstår och väsentligaffärsnytta drabbas. Många företag går in i en implementeringsprocess utan att riktigt veta vad de har att ståinför. Det är en av anledningar att flera forskare har varit intresserade av att identifiera faktorer som ärkritiska för en framgångsrik implementering av ett nytt affärssystem.Flera har lyft fram implementeringen av affärssystemet SAP på Axfood som ett framgångsrikt exempeloch därför är det intressant att se om vi kan dra några lärdomar från det som kan komma andra till del.Förutom tidigare forskning i ämnet, använder jag mig av teorierna Förändringsledning ochAbsorptionsförmåga som en teoretisk referensram. Av studien framgår att arbetet medförändringsledning och arbetet med att stärka organisationens absorptionsförmåga var två parallelltpågående processer som är att betrakta som ömsesidigt beroende för optimal framgång.Företagsledningens engagemang betraktas också som en kritisk framgångsfaktor. Arbete medförändringsledning anses av respondenterna som essentiellt för alla organisationsförändringar.Respondenterna framhävde vikten av att inte försumma arbetet med att kontinuerligt stärkaorganisationens absorptionsförmåga. Respondenterna menar att det kontinuerliga arbetet med att stärkaAxfoods absorptionsförmåga var det som genomsyrade hela förändringsprocessen och är nyckeln tillframgång med förändringsarbetet.

Cette thèse porte sur les enjeux encore non explorés du capital-risque d’entreprise (Corporate Venture Capital, ou CVC). Cette recherche mobilise l’approche basée sur les ressources, l’approche fondée sur les connaissances, l’apprentissage organisationnel avec un focus particulier sur le concept d'ambidextérité, l’approche par les options réelles et la théorie des réseaux. L’analyse empirique couvre la période de 1998 à 2017 et est basée sur 4 206 entreprises américaines pour le premier essai, 1 547 entreprises américaines de biotechnologie pour le deuxième et 12 895 investissements effectués par 274 investisseurs en CVC nord-américains pour le troisième. Pour tester toutes nos hypothèses, nous utilisons des régressions multiples (MCO, régression binomiale négative, méthode des doubles moindres carrés,…). Dans le premier essai, nous montrons, en utilisant l’approche par les options réelles, que lorsque l’incertitude exogène est réduite, les entreprises financées par CVC bénéficient de montants d’investissement plus élevés et d’une durée d’investissement plus longue. Deux facteurs réduisent l'incertitude et améliorent le processus d'apprentissage organisationnel: la force des liens et la proximité géographique entre l'investisseur et l’entreprise financée. Les apports supplémentaires d’investissement conduisent à une entrée en bourse plus fréquente pour les entreprises soutenues par le capital-risque indépendant tandis qu’une durée plus importante de l’investissement débouche sur une sortie par acquisition plus fréquente pour les entreprises soutenues par le CVC pour des raisons liées à l’apprentissage organisationnel. Dans le deuxième essai, les entreprises soutenues par CVC affichent des taux d'innovation plus élevés que leurs homologues soutenues par IVC. La performance en termes d’innovation des entreprises soutenues par CVC dépend de leur capacité à tirer parti des ressources complémentaires de leurs investisseurs. Nous proposons trois mécanismes qui améliorent le taux d'innovation: la capacité d'absorption des entreprises financées, la force des liens et la proximité géographique entre les entreprises qui financent et les entreprises financées. Dans le troisième essai, l'ambidextérité séquentielle conduit à une meilleure performance financière pour l’investisseur que les formes équilibrées ou simultanées d'ambidextérité des investissements en CVC. Enfin, la combinaison des formes d'ambidextérité équilibrées et simultanées produit des synergies et améliore la performance financière de l’investissement en CVC. / This thesis addresses unexplored issues on corporate venture capital (CVC). This research is designed on insights from resource-based view, knowledge-based view, organizational learning with a special focus on ambidexterity, real options lens, network theory. Our empirical analysis covers the period between 1998 and 2017 and is based on 4206 U.S. companies for the first essay, 1547 U.S. biotechnology companies for the second essay and 12895 investment-deals from 274 North American corporate investors for the third one. To test all hypotheses, we employ multivariate -regression analyses (e.g., ordinary least squares, negative binomial regression, two-staged least squares). In the first essay, we find that CVC-backed companies exercise real options when exogenous uncertainty is mitigated and as a result, experience higher financial injections and prolonged duration. Two influential factors reduce uncertainty and improve the organizational learning process: tie strength and geographic proximity between the corporate investor and the entrepreneurial company. Additional investment amounts lead to a higher frequency of IPO exit for independent venture capital (IVC) backed companies while longer investment durations motivate a higher frequency of acquisition exit for CVC-backed companies for organizational learning reasons. In the second essay, CVC-backed companies display higher rates of innovation output than their IVC-backed counterparts. The performance of CVC-backed companies is responsive to their ability to leverage the complementary resources of corporate investors. We propose three mechanisms that improve the innovation output: absorptive capacity of entrepreneurial companies, tie strength, geographic proximity. In the third essay, sequential ambidexterity drives to higher corporate investors’ financial performance than balanced or simultaneous forms of ambidexterity in CVC investments. Finally, the combination of balanced and simultaneous forms of ambidexterity produce synergy and enhance the financial performance of CVC investments.

La thèse porte sur l’étude de la formation de convergences et de tensions dans les choix stratégiques opérés par les partenaires public et privé engagés dans la valorisation des activités collaboratives de R&D. Il s’agit d’en caractériser les déterminants et d’identifier également les moyens permettant de les dépasser. L'originalité de l'approche consiste à mobiliser l'outil conceptuel du business model pour en évaluer la portée en tant qu'artefact cognitif d'analyse de cette situation de gestion et en tant qu'instrument de management stratégique de celles-ci. Le travail s'appuie sur deux études de cas longitudinales élaborées dans le cadre de deux recherche-interventions dans les pôles de compétitivité dédiés à la conception dans l'industrie automobile (Movéo) et des systèmes embarqués (Systematic). Les résultats sont présents à trois niveaux: au niveau du contexte, l'importance des mécanismes d'appropriation à partir des capacités d'absorption des organisations; au niveau du processus, le rôle des trajectoires et du leadership des acteurs et au niveau du contenu, les limites spécifiques liées aux incertitudes du mode projet. / The main objective of the thesis consists into the study of convergences and tensions in the interplay between value co-creation and strategic planning in public private R&D partnerships. Two in-depth longitudinal case studies are used to investigate the usefulness of the business model as a cognitive artifact enhancing the partners to collaborate on designing, articulating and implementing collective strategic choices of R&D outcomes. Data were gathered on two collaborative partnerships among two French Clusters (pôles de compétitivité) Movéo and Systematic. Methodology design employed a triangulation strategy based on both qualitative and quantitative methods (interviews and survey-based, structured methods of scenarios screening, participatory and qualitative methods of information gathering – project’s journals and meeting analysis). Based on internal validity, we have pointed out some issues in the management of inter-organizational relationships and networks regarding the process of how value can be created in strategic project management practices in public private R&D partnerships with these innovative clusters.

The Master‘s thesis deals with issues of noise and vibrations of Roots blowers. In the theoretical part, potential sources of noise and vibrations are described. Detailed knowledge of basic types of mufflers is summarized, and their suitability for the corresponding application is evaluated. The practical part is focused on performing experimental measurements of the Roots blower’s noise and vibrations and the main sources of noise are determined. Subsequently, the existing anti-noise measures are analyzed and the proposal for adjusting the current measures for further noise reduction is presented.