A verificação de uma trajetória de valorização do câmbio ao longo de 2004 e 2005, que diminui a competitividade do produto brasileiro e a rentabilidade do setor exportador, ressaltou a importância das operações com adiantamentos de contratos de câmbio (ACCs) como meio de driblar os percalços de um câmbio adverso e manter a atratividade, em termos de lucratividade, da atividade exportadora. Este trabalho, então, busca aumentar o conjunto de informações dos exportadores que vislumbram a possibilidade de realizar operações de arbitragem com ACCs, analisando mais detalhadamente os fatores que determinam os resultados das operações com ACCs e verificando o papel da dinâmica cambial sobre esses ganhos. Para tal, são utilizados modelos econométricos de variância condicionada auto-regressiva (ARCH), cujos resultados sinalizam uma relação significativa e positiva entre volatilidade do câmbio e maiores margens de retorno na arbitragem com ACCs. / The appreciation path described by the exchange rate along 2004 and 2005, which reduced the Brazilian product competitiveness and the exportations profitability, showed the anticipation of exchange rate contracts (ACCs) importance as a way to overcome an adverse exchange rate and maintain the attractiveness of the exportation activity. Afterward, we try to increase the set of information of the exporters that look forward an ACC arbitrage operation possibility, analyzing more carefully the issues that determine their results and verifying the exchange rate dynamics role in those gains. Indeed, employing auto regressive conditioned heteroscedasticity (ARCH) econometric models, the results point out a significant and positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and larger ACC arbitrage returns.

Magister Scientiae - MSc (Biotechnology) / The yearly increase of global population will result in a greater demand for crop production, but with the climates changes and a lack of available agricultural land it will become increasingly more difficult to provide sufficient crops to feed everyone adequately. Application of the PGPE has proven over the past researches to be able enhance growth of plants via various growth promoting mechanisms. To identify suitable growth promoting bacteria candidate, E. plantagineum plant was used to isolate endophytes from the root after surface sterilization. The isolates bacteria were used to inoculate Brassica napus L seeds. The effects of isolate's ability to promote growth were evaluated based on the certain growth parameters after 42 days in the green house. Isolate CP5 produced highest results in all growth parameter. Isolates CP5 was selected as potential candidate as significant improvement was shown by this isolate. This isolate was tested for the ability to produce ACC deaminase, solubilize phosphate, synthesize IAA and siderophore production. Furthermore isolate CP5 growth promotion abilities was tested on Brassica napus L under antimony stress. / 2021-08-31

A verificação de uma trajetória de valorização do câmbio ao longo de 2004 e 2005, que diminui a competitividade do produto brasileiro e a rentabilidade do setor exportador, ressaltou a importância das operações com adiantamentos de contratos de câmbio (ACCs) como meio de driblar os percalços de um câmbio adverso e manter a atratividade, em termos de lucratividade, da atividade exportadora. Este trabalho, então, busca aumentar o conjunto de informações dos exportadores que vislumbram a possibilidade de realizar operações de arbitragem com ACCs, analisando mais detalhadamente os fatores que determinam os resultados das operações com ACCs e verificando o papel da dinâmica cambial sobre esses ganhos. Para tal, são utilizados modelos econométricos de variância condicionada auto-regressiva (ARCH), cujos resultados sinalizam uma relação significativa e positiva entre volatilidade do câmbio e maiores margens de retorno na arbitragem com ACCs. / The appreciation path described by the exchange rate along 2004 and 2005, which reduced the Brazilian product competitiveness and the exportations profitability, showed the anticipation of exchange rate contracts (ACCs) importance as a way to overcome an adverse exchange rate and maintain the attractiveness of the exportation activity. Afterward, we try to increase the set of information of the exporters that look forward an ACC arbitrage operation possibility, analyzing more carefully the issues that determine their results and verifying the exchange rate dynamics role in those gains. Indeed, employing auto regressive conditioned heteroscedasticity (ARCH) econometric models, the results point out a significant and positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and larger ACC arbitrage returns.

A verificação de uma trajetória de valorização do câmbio ao longo de 2004 e 2005, que diminui a competitividade do produto brasileiro e a rentabilidade do setor exportador, ressaltou a importância das operações com adiantamentos de contratos de câmbio (ACCs) como meio de driblar os percalços de um câmbio adverso e manter a atratividade, em termos de lucratividade, da atividade exportadora. Este trabalho, então, busca aumentar o conjunto de informações dos exportadores que vislumbram a possibilidade de realizar operações de arbitragem com ACCs, analisando mais detalhadamente os fatores que determinam os resultados das operações com ACCs e verificando o papel da dinâmica cambial sobre esses ganhos. Para tal, são utilizados modelos econométricos de variância condicionada auto-regressiva (ARCH), cujos resultados sinalizam uma relação significativa e positiva entre volatilidade do câmbio e maiores margens de retorno na arbitragem com ACCs. / The appreciation path described by the exchange rate along 2004 and 2005, which reduced the Brazilian product competitiveness and the exportations profitability, showed the anticipation of exchange rate contracts (ACCs) importance as a way to overcome an adverse exchange rate and maintain the attractiveness of the exportation activity. Afterward, we try to increase the set of information of the exporters that look forward an ACC arbitrage operation possibility, analyzing more carefully the issues that determine their results and verifying the exchange rate dynamics role in those gains. Indeed, employing auto regressive conditioned heteroscedasticity (ARCH) econometric models, the results point out a significant and positive relationship between exchange rate volatility and larger ACC arbitrage returns.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:28:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6583_1.pdf: 2036261 bytes, checksum: 2f9456a9138bbf6c7d3482c028af1558 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O diabetes mellitus é um grave problema de saúde pública caracterizado por hiperglicemia crônica ocasionada pela ausência ou ineficiência da insulina nos tecidos-alvo. Muitas espécies de plantas têm sido usadas na medicina popular para tratar os sintomas da doença. Na etnofarmacologia, o chá da casca de Caesalpinia ferrea Martius Ext Tul tem sido usado no tratamento do diabetes. Nesse estudo, metabólitos secundários foram identificados e quantificados por HPLC. A fim de verificar a atividade antidiabética de C. ferrea, quatro grupos de ratos Wistar diabéticos induzidos por estreptozotocina (50mg/Kg) (n=7/grupo) foram tratados com o extrato aquoso da casca do caule de C. ferrea (EaCf) (300 e 450mg/Kg/dia), veículo e metformina (500mg/Kg/dia) durante 4 semanas. Mudanças no ganho de massa, no consumo de água e ração e nos parâmetros bioquímicos foram avaliadas. A expressão da proteína quinase B (Akt), da proteína quinase ativada por AMP (AMPK) e acetil-CoA carboxilase (ACC) foram determinadas no fígado e músculo esquelético dos animais usando Western blot. A avaliação da segurança de uso do EaCf foi verificada através dos ensaios de toxicidade aguda, subcrônica, crônica e reprodutiva. Para os ensaios de toxicidade aguda, o EaCf (2000mg/Kg) foi administrado em ratos Wistar de ambos os sexos (n= 5/grupo/sexo). Na toxicidade subcrônica, ratos Wistar machos (n=10/grupo) foram tratados durante 30 dias com o EaCf (300 e 1500mg/Kg/dia) e na crônica, o EaCf (300 e 1500mg/Kg/dia) foi administrado aos camundongos Swiss machos durante 90 dias. Ao final do tratamento foram realizadas análises bioquímicas, hematológicas, macro e microscópicas dos órgãos. Na toxicidade reprodutiva, o EaCf (300 e 1500mg/Kg/dia) foi administrado em ratas Wistar prenhes durante o período integral de gestação para avaliação dos parâmetros reprodutivos maternos e comportamentais da prole. O conteúdo de ácido gálico, catequina, epicatequina e ácido elágico quantificado por HPLC foi de 112,76; 17,75; 6,13 e 12,00mg/g. Os resultados ainda mostraram que EaCf reduziu os níveis glicêmicos e melhorou o estado metabólico geral dos animais diabéticos. A ativação da Akt foi observada no fígado e músculo esquelético dos animais tratados com conseqüente desativação da AMPK no músculo e ativação da ACC em ambos quando comparado aos não-tratados. Na toxicidade aguda, o tratamento não induziu nenhum sinal de toxicidade ou morte, e na subcrônica, não houve alterações macro e microscópicas dos órgãos e nem nos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos, exceto a amilasemia observada. Na toxicidade crônica, houve reduções no ganho de massa corporal, nos níveis séricos de proteínas totais e albumina (em ambas as doses). Na dose de 1500mg/Kg, houve aumento da lactato desidrogenase, amilase e necrose do intestino delgado. Durante toda a gestação, houve redução no ganho de massa corporal (1500mg/Kg) e na prole foram observadas reduções na massa corporal no 1º e 4º dias de vida e no comprimento, no 21º dia de vida pós-natal (1500mg/Kg). Os resultados sugerem que EaCf apresenta atividade antidiabética e age, possivelmente, regulando a captação hepática e muscular de glicose via Akt. O tratamento crônico sugere toxicidade principalmente na maior dose, provavelmente pela ação dos taninos que comprometem a absorção de macronutrientes

The purpose of this study is to explore how and which communicative tools five different pre-school teachers use to communicate with children in the ages of one to two years old, and in that way contribute to the area of knowledge about how to use communicative tools in pre-school. To answer the purpose and the questions of issue I used non-participating observations as my method, which means that I kept myself in the background to influence the situation as little as possible. The result shows that pre-school teachers use different artifacts, ACC and the pre-school environment to communicate with children. ACC was for example used in connection to food situations. / Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka hur och vilka kommunikativa redskap fem olika förskollärare använder sig av för att kommunicera med barn i åldrarna ett till två år, och på så sätt bidra till kunskapsfältet om hur kommunikativa redskap kan användas i verksamheten. För att få svar på syftet och frågeställningarna använde jag mig av icke-deltagande observationer, vilket innebär att jag höll mig i bakgrunden för att påverka situationen så lite som möjligt. Resultatet visar på att förskollärare använder sig av artefakter av olika slag, TAKK och förskolans miljö när de kommunicerar med barn, TAKK användes till exempelvis i samband med matsituationer.

Current day VLSI systems have started seeing increasing percentages of multiple energy domain components being integrated into the mainstream. Energy domains such as mechanical, optical, fluidic etc. have become all pervasive into VLSI systems and such systems are being manufactured routinely. The framework required to design such an integrated system with diverse energy domains needs to be evolved as a part of conventional VLSI design methodology. This is because manufacturing and design of these integrated energy domains although based on semiconductor processing, is still very ad-hoc, with each device requiring its dedicated design tools and process integration. In this thesis three different approaches in different energy domains, have been pro-posed. These three domains include modelling & simulation, synthesis & compilation and formal verification. Three different scenarios have been considered and it is shown that these tasks can be co-performed along with conventional VLSI circuits and systems. In the first approach a micro-mechanical beam bending case is presented. A thermal heat ow causing the beam to bend through thermal stress is analyzed for change in capacitance under a single analysis and modelling framework. This involves a seamless analysis through thermal, mechanical and electrical energy domains. The second part of the thesis explores synthesis and compilation paradigms. The concept of a Gyro-compiler analogous to a memory compiler is proposed, which primarily generates soft IP models for various gyro topologies. The final part of this thesis deals in showcasing a working prototype of a formal verification framework for MEMS based hybrid systems. The MEMS verification domain today is largely limited to simulation based verification. Many techniques have been proposed for formal verification of hybrid systems. Some of these methods have been extended to demonstrate, how MEMS based hybrid systems can be formally verified through ex-tensions of conventional formal verification methods. An adaptive cruise control (ACC) system with a gyro based speed sensor has been analyzed and formally verified for various specifications of this system.

This thesis examines the role of authority in the production of archaeological knowledge. It examines how fluid ideas and observations formed in the field become authoritative, factual, solid archaeological products, like scientific texts, reconstructions or museum displays. It asks, what makes a person, a thing or an account of history something that is authoritative? What makes someone an authority on the past? What is archaeological authority? This thesis deconstructs and exposes authority in archaeological practice. It targets how practitioners of archaeology actively enact, construct and implement authority in the process of producing knowledge. Formal representations of the past rely heavily on an underlying notion of the 'authoritative account'. The entire process of reconstructing the past in archaeology is dependent on individuals and institutions existing as authorities, who actively or passively imply that artefacts, sites and final interpretations are 'authentic' or have 'fidelity' to the past. This study examines how authority and acts of legitimation are employed and distributed through the medium of science, and how they need to be actively performed in order to acquire and maintain status. This thesis not only argues that authority is embedded in every stage of the archaeological process, but importantly, it identifies how this authority manifests through the medium of scientific acts. This thesis is structured around two comparative case studies: one case of professional archaeology and one case of alternative archaeology. Both are archaeological sites that produce their own 'authoritative' accounts of the past through practices, publications and presentations. The first case is the professional archaeological project of C̦atalhöyûk in the Republic of Turkey, under the direction of Ian Hodder at Stanford University. This case offers insights about how the processes of inscription, translation and blackboxing establish and maintain authority in archaeological practice. It also addresses how physical and intellectual space, as well as issues of access in localised knowledge-producing social arenas, affect archaeological authority. The second case is the controversial pseudoarchaeological project in Visoko, Bosnia, commonly referred to as the Bosnian Pyramids. This project, under the direction of amateur archaeologist Semir Osmanagić, has successfully created an account of prehistory that has been received by the general Bosnian public as authoritative, despite objections by the professional archaeological community. This case demonstrates how authority can be constructed, mimicked and performed by drawing on academic arenas of scientific practice and by eager public participation. Specifically, this case study highlights the importance of socio-politics, authoritative institutions and performative behaviour in the construction of archaeological authority.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to create a comprehensive study of measurement accuracy of coordinate measuring machine (hereinafter CMM) Zeiss UPMC 850 Carat S-ACC (hereinafter Zeiss Carat) for the needs of the national metrological institute in Brno in accordance with ČSN EN ISO / IEC 17025 and the follow-up system standards of the ČSN EN ISO 10360 series. Additionally, it includes the creation of instructions for the calculation of measurement uncertainty, which will be put into effect in an accredited calibration laboratory. The first part of the work focuses on the description of the current state of knowledge and the definition of basic concepts in the field of metrology and accurate measurements on CMM. The second part describes the Zeiss Carat measuring machine, identifies the individual contributors to the resulting measurement uncertainty and defines the methodology for their quantification. The last part deals with the evaluation of calibration data and the calculation of the expanded measurement uncertainty of the Zeiss Carat instrument, which is used to quantify its accuracy.

Modern cars have a multitude of driver assistance functions that aim to support the driver in his/her everyday driving. One part of this is the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) that aims to keep a driver-specified speed. However, this set speed might be perceived as too high for some curves and as a result the driver will interrupt the system and take control again. To avoid this, a Curve Speed Adaptation (CSA) system aims to adapt the speed for an upcoming curve. Such a system should aim to mimic a driver and take into consideration how the driver would behave if he/she were to drive. This work aims to find a set of so-called Driving Modes that can describe how drivers with different driving styles drive through curves with different road properties by analysing recorded manual driving. A nested clustering approach is tested to divide curves into groups based on the driving style they were driven at and their road properties. The results show that this approach is able to capture different driving behaviours through curves. The road type and speed limit of a curve seem thereby to have the main influence on the driving behaviour. Clustering curves first by their driving style followed by the road properties yields thereby the more distinguishable Driving Modes. However, further improvements of the clustering methods are necessary to improve the obtained Driving Modes. The results of this thesis can form the basis for the development of a Curve Speed Adaptation system that adjusts for both the individual driver as well as particular road properties to improve the driver's comfort. / Moderna bilar har en mängd förarstödsystemer som syftar till att stödja föraren i sin dagligakörning. En av dem är Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) som syftar till att hålla en hastighetspecificerad av föraren. Men denna hastighet kan uppfattas som för hög för vissa kurvoroch som resultat tar föraren kontrollen igen själv. För att undvika detta ska ett Curve SpeedAdaptation (CSA) system anpassa hastigheten för en kommande kurva. Ett sådant systembör sträva efter att efterlikna en förare och ta hänsyn till hur föraren skulle köra själv. Dethär examensarbetet syftar till att hitta så kallade körlägen som kan beskriva hur förare medolika körstilar kör genom kurvor med olika omständigheter genom att analysera manuellakörningar. En nestad klustringsmetod testas för att dela upp kurvor i grupper baserat påkörstilen som de kördes på och deras vägegenskaper. Resultaten visar att denna metod kanfånga olika körningsbeteenden genom kurvor. Vägtypen och hastighetsbegränsningen fören kurva verkar därmed ha huvudinverkan på körbeteendet. Att dela kurvorna först efterderas körstil följt av vägegenskaper ger bättre körlägena. Men ytterligare förbättringar avklustringsmetoderna är nödvändig för att förbättra de erhållna körningsmetoderna. Resul-taten av detta examensarbetet kan utgöra grunden för utvecklingen av ett kurvhastighetsanpassningssystem som anpassar både för den enskilda föraren och speciella vägegenskaperför att förbättra förarens komfort.