Tato práce se zabývá klasifikací paketů v počítačových sítích. Klasifikace paketů je klíčovou úlohou mnoha síťových zařízení, především paketových filtrů - firewallů. Práce se tedy týká oblasti počítačové bezpečnosti. Práce je zaměřena na vysokorychlostní sítě s přenosovou rychlostí 100 Gb/s a více. V těchto případech nelze použít pro klasifikaci obecné procesory, které svým výkonem zdaleka nevyhovují požadavkům na rychlost. Proto se využívají specializované technické prostředky, především obvody ASIC a FPGA. Neméně důležitý je také samotný algoritmus klasifikace. Existuje mnoho algoritmů klasifikace paketů předpokládajících hardwarovou implementaci, přesto však tyto přístupy nejsou připraveny pro velmi rychlé sítě. Dizertační práce se proto zabývá návrhem nových algoritmů klasifikace paketů se zaměřením na vysokorychlostní implementaci ve specializovaném hardware. Je navržen algoritmus, který dělí problém klasifikace na jednodušší podproblémy. Prvním krokem je operace vyhledání nejdelšího shodného prefixu, používaná také při směrování paketů v IP sítích. Tato práce předpokládá využití některého existujícího přístupu, neboť již byly prezentovány algoritmy s dostatečnou rychlostí. Následujícím krokem je mapování nalezených prefixů na číslo pravidla. V této části práce přináší vylepšení využitím na míru vytvořené hashovací funkce. Díky použití hashovací funkce lze mapování provést v konstantním čase a využít při tom pouze jednu paměť s úzkým datovým rozhraním. Rychlost tohoto algoritmu lze určit analyticky a nezávisí na počtu pravidel ani na charakteru síťového provozu. S využitím dostupných součástek lze dosáhnout propustnosti 266 milionů paketů za sekundu. Následující tři algoritmy uvedené v této práci snižují paměťové nároky prvního algoritmu, aniž by ovlivňovaly rychlost. Druhý algoritmus snižuje velikost paměti o 11 % až 96 % v závislosti na sadě pravidel. Nevýhodu nízké stability odstraňuje třetí algoritmus, který v porovnání s prvním zmenšuje paměťové nároky o 31 % až 84 %. Čtvrtý algoritmus kombinuje třetí algoritmus se starším přístupem a díky využití několika technik zmenšuje paměťové nároky o 73 % až 99 %.

Dans cette thèse, nous nous proposons de contribuer à la définition de systèmes de crypto-calculs pour la manipulation en aveugle de données confidentielles. L’objectif particulier de ce travail est l’amélioration des performances du chiffrement homomorphe. La problématique principale réside dans la définition d’une approche d’accélération qui reste adaptable aux différents cas applicatifs de ces chiffrements, et qui, de ce fait, est cohérente avec la grande variété des paramétrages. C’est dans cet objectif que cette thèse présente l’exploration d’une architecture hybride de calcul pour l’accélération du chiffrement de Fan et Vercauteren (FV).Cette proposition résulte d’une analyse de la complexité mémoire et calculatoire du crypto-calcul avec FV. Une partie des contributions rend plus efficace l’adéquation d’un système non-positionnel de représentation des nombres (RNS) avec la multiplication de polynôme par transformée de Fourier sur corps finis (NTT). Les opérations propres au RNS, facilement parallélisables, sont accélérées par une unité de calcul SIMD type GPU. Les opérations de NTT à la base des multiplications de polynôme sont implémentées sur matériel dédié de type FPGA. Des contributions spécifiques viennent en soutien de cette proposition en réduisant le coût mémoire et le coût des communications pour la gestion des facteurs de rotation des NTT.Cette thèse ouvre des perspectives pour la définition de micro-serveurs pour la manipulation de données confidentielles à base de chiffrement homomorphe. / In this thesis, we propose to contribute to the definition of encrypted-computing systems for the secure handling of private data. The particular objective of this work is to improve the performance of homomorphic encryption. The main problem lies in the definition of an acceleration approach that remains adaptable to the different application cases of these encryptions, and which is therefore consistent with the wide variety of parameters. It is for that objective that this thesis presents the exploration of a hybrid computing architecture for accelerating Fan and Vercauteren’s encryption scheme (FV).This proposal is the result of an analysis of the memory and computational complexity of crypto-calculation with FV. Some of the contributions make the adequacy of a non-positional number representation system (RNS) with polynomial multiplication Fourier transform over finite-fields (NTT) more effective. RNS-specific operations, inherently embedding parallelism, are accelerated on a SIMD computing unit such as GPU. NTT-based polynomial multiplications are implemented on dedicated hardware such as FPGA. Specific contributions support this proposal by reducing the storage and the communication costs for handling the NTTs’ twiddle factors.This thesis opens up perspectives for the definition of micro-servers for the manipulation of private data based on homomorphic encryption.

Tato práce je zaměřena na multiplatformní grafická uživatelské rozhraní a jejich hardwarovou akceleraci. Popisuje, co to uživatelské rozhraní jsou a srovnává nástroje na jejich tvorbu  a způsoby jejich realizace. Hlavním bodem je vlastní návrh a implementace nástroje na tvorbu multiplatformních hardwarově akcelerovaných grafických uživatelských rozhraní. Srovnává vlastní koncept s existujícími řešeními, a uvádí ho do praxe na projektu s externí firmou.

Sammanfattning Särskilt begåvade elever kommer ofta i skymundan till förmån för elever i motsatta änden av skalan. I Sverige är forskningen kring särskild begåvning nästan obefintlig. Sedan 2015 har särskilt begåvade elever aktualiserats i den svenska skolan i och med det stödmaterial Skolverket tagit fram. Med hänvisning till rådande krav från Högskolan i Borås har den här forskningsöversikten en ämneskoppling, i det här fallet matematik. Syfte Syftet med denna forskningsöversikt är att besvara följande frågor: 1. Vad kännetecknar forskning om hur särbegåvade elevers undervisning utformas inom matematikämnet? 2. Vilka metoder förespråkas för att undervisa särbegåvade elever i matematik? Metod Genom systematiska sökningar har relevant forskning identifierats, studerats och kartlagts för att besvara frågorna ovan. Urvalsprocessen har skett via tre olika former av sökningar; databassökning, snöbollsurval och konsultation. I databassökningen påbörjades sökningarna från det svenska begreppet särskilt begåvad, vilket inte gav relevanta träffar. Därefter användes det engelska begreppet gifted children. Det slutgiltiga urvalet blev åtta primärstudier efter att fyra artiklar exkluderats på grund av att de var sekundärstudier. Resultat Forskningsfältet kring utformningen av särbegåvades matematikundervisning präglas tydligt av en bredd. Bredden tar sig uttryck såväl geografiskt som gällande var forskningens utgångspunkt ligger. Det finns både forskning som intar ett lärarperspektiv och forskning som ser direkt till elevernas behov. Merdelen av forskningen sätter de berörda eleverna i centrum. Med ett undantag återfinns undervisningsmetoderna acceleration eller berikning i de artiklar som studerats. Båda undervisningsmetoderna visar goda resultat. Det kan konstateras att det är höga förväntningar som ställs på lärarkåren när det gäller att identifiera och anpassa undervisningen för de särskilt begåvade eleverna.

abstract: With the exponential growth in video content over the period of the last few years, analysis of videos is becoming more crucial for many applications such as self-driving cars, healthcare, and traffic management. Most of these video analysis application uses deep learning algorithms such as convolution neural networks (CNN) because of their high accuracy in object detection. Thus enhancing the performance of CNN models become crucial for video analysis. CNN models are computationally-expensive operations and often require high-end graphics processing units (GPUs) for acceleration. However, for real-time applications in an energy-thermal constrained environment such as traffic management, GPUs are less preferred because of their high power consumption, limited energy efficiency. They are challenging to fit in a small place. To enable real-time video analytics in emerging large scale Internet of things (IoT) applications, the computation must happen at the network edge (near the cameras) in a distributed fashion. Thus, edge computing must be adopted. Recent studies have shown that field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are highly suitable for edge computing due to their architecture adaptiveness, high computational throughput for streaming processing, and high energy efficiency. This thesis presents a generic OpenCL-defined CNN accelerator architecture optimized for FPGA-based real-time video analytics on edge. The proposed CNN OpenCL kernel adopts a highly pipelined and parallelized 1-D systolic array architecture, which explores both spatial and temporal parallelism for energy efficiency CNN acceleration on FPGAs. The large fan-in and fan-out of computational units to the memory interface are identified as the limiting factor in existing designs that causes scalability issues, and solutions are proposed to resolve the issue with compiler automation. The proposed CNN kernel is highly scalable and parameterized by three architecture parameters, namely pe_num, reuse_fac, and vec_fac, which can be adapted to achieve 100% utilization of the coarse-grained computation resources (e.g., DSP blocks) for a given FPGA. The proposed CNN kernel is generic and can be used to accelerate a wide range of CNN models without recompiling the FPGA kernel hardware. The performance of Alexnet, Resnet-50, Retinanet, and Light-weight Retinanet has been measured by the proposed CNN kernel on Intel Arria 10 GX1150 FPGA. The measurement result shows that the proposed CNN kernel, when mapped with 100% utilization of computation resources, can achieve a latency of 11ms, 84ms, 1614.9ms, and 990.34ms for Alexnet, Resnet-50, Retinanet, and Light-weight Retinanet respectively when the input feature maps and weights are represented using 32-bit floating-point data type. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2019

Value shares are notorious for remaining stagnant for extended periods of time, forcing value investors to remain locked in their investments often for excessive periods. This research study applied the price acceleration momentum indicator of Bird and Casavecchia (2007) on a value portfolio with the objective of improving the timing of value share acquisitions.A time series study was conducted, taking into account the top 160 JSE shares over the period 1 January 1985 to 31 August 2012. A price acceleration momentum indicator was applied to enhance a value portfolio formed on the basis of book-tomarket ratio, dividend yield and EBITDA/EV. Cumulative average abnormal returns (CAAR) were used to compare portfolio results statistically.A substantial contribution is made to the literature by proving that a value-only portfolio can be significantly enhanced by the combination of price acceleration momentum. Results indicated an increase in CAAR from 199.83% to 321.29%. Risk-adjusted returns (Sharpe ratio) were also improved without the detriment of increased share price volatility (standard deviation). This research study further contributes to the literature by proving that a price acceleration momentum indicator adds no additional value over a value portfolio combined with ordinary price momentum. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Title: The effect of vibration training on the Power Plate on human performance Objectives: Following the training schedule, the groups will be tested and results compared; as well as the study results revealed. Methods: In my diploma work I set out to test 16 individuals, who undergo an 8 week training program on the Power Plate vibration technology machine. Eight women and eight men will be separated into two groups. The first group (four men, and four women) will exercise on a vibrating machine, whereas the second group will exercise on the machine without any vibrational stimulus. Explosive agilities (Boscuv test - longest air-time). Reaction speed (auditory reaction to a beep signal, and reactometer test for both the upper and lower limbs. Flexibility (testing a sitting hamstring reach). Antropometric testing (Body mass, girth, active muscle weight, BMI). In order to be able to judge development, as well as to gauge kinesiologic abilities, I applied a number of special tests. The results of individual results are noted in the tables. The T-test was applied as a statistics method. Results: Through repeated measure, it was discovered that the group training on the Power Plate achieved improvements in three out of four tests. Two tests showed above average results against standard, especially in...

This thesis takes its departure in the view of modern society as being characterised by a heavy focus on efficiency and economic growth, and perception that everything is moving faster and faster in line with Hartmut Rosa´s theory of social acceleration. The effects of this can be seen in rising numbers of stress related sicknesses and mental health problems, as well as a heavy pressure on the earths resources to facilitate continued growth. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the challenges and possibilities for individuals in Sweden to slow down and live a simpler life in this context. Previous research suggests that slower lifestyles can be beneficial both for well-being and environmental sustainability reasons, so understanding the preconditions of this to be possible can be an important aspect when trying to plan for a sustainable future. The theoretical framework consists of the model of voluntary simplicity lifestyle by Osikominu and Bocken (2020), the theory of social acceleration by Rosa (2009) and selected writings on Social Change. The thesis is based on a thematic analysis of empiric material from individuals in Sweden who has transitioned to a slower and more simple lifestyle, generally in terms of working less, reducing their consumption and living closer no nature, and also are visible on social media, reaching out to many others as inspiration. The material consists of writings and recordings from the study-persons in the form of blog-posts and podcasts. The study could confirm that many parts of the VSL-model also were applicable and experienced in the Swedish context. Most participants had in common that their previous lifestyle was characterised by stress, pressure, and living according to others expectations, in line with Rosa´s theory of social acceleration. Their new slower and simpler lifestyles were a decision to follow their own path in life and start to value their time more. The challenges that could be recognised was the norm of working full-time, achievement values, living outside the norm, ethical dilemmas regarding consumption and, for those living on the countryside, transport and infrastructure. The possibilities most recognised were concerning their wellbeing, closely related to their possibility of finding time for recovery, as well as living more in contact with the environment. Social life appeared both as a challenge and a possibility.

Flexible working hours is a work regulation which both creates opportunity for an increased flexibility but on the other hand demands the same from the employee. An increase in availability for the employees has contributed to a more blurred line between work and free time. This study has examined how flexible working hours affects the employees stress levels, workload and work life balance. Previous research has shown that stress, workload and work- life balance continuously interact and correlate with each other. Results both show that flexible working hours has positive and negative effects on all the subject matters. Using a qualitative method six interviews has been completed and from the collected data it can be concluded that all the interviewed work more than their contracted hours. Furthermore, it can also be shown that the constant availability complicates work-life balance. Finally, the data also presents a form of acceptance and normalizations around the demands and what is expected from an employee with flexible working hours. / Förtroendearbetstid är en arbetstidsreglering som både möjliggör en ökad flexibilitet men samtidigt kräver detsamma från den anställda. En ökad tillgänglighet för de anställda har bidragit till att gränsen mellan arbete och fritid inte är lika tydlig. I den här studien undersöks det hur förtroendearbetstid påverkar den anställdas stress, arbetsbelastning och gränsdragningen mellan arbete och fritid. Tidigare forskning visar att stress, arbetsbelastning och gränsdragning är sammankopplade till varandra och att det sker en ständig växelverkan. Det finns resultat som både visar på positiva och negativa effekter på samtliga forskningsområden till följd av förtroendearbetstiden. Med hjälp av kvalitativ metod genomfördes sex intervjuer och utifrån det insamlade materialet dras slutsatsen att samtliga respondenter arbetar mer än avtalad tid. Vidare visar resultatet att den ständiga tillgängligheten försvårar gränsdragningen mellan arbete och fritid. Resultatet leder även fram till att det finns en acceptans och normalisering kring vad som krävs och förväntas från den anställda med förtroendearbetstid.

The aim of this bachelor’s thesis in sociology was to understand the situation on the labor market for people with a neuropsychiatric disability (NPD) with the question: “How can one understand, based on the views of a group of formal actors (officials responsible for establishing people in society and in the labor market), what opportunities and obstacles exist for people with an NPD to establish themselves in the labor market in a medium-sized municipality in Sweden?”. The objective is thus to shed light on the situation, as previous research shows vulnerability of disabled people; both in school and on the labor market. The thesis is based on a study with hermeneutic methodology of qualitative character, consisting of semi-structured interviews with eight people whom have work-related experience with people with NPD and whom work for organisations that makes it possible for people to establish themselves in society and in the labor market. The theories used in the thesis are: Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann's theory of social constructions, Hartmut Rosa's theory of acceleration and Jan Inge Jönhill's theory of inclusion and exclusion. The results show that the reasons to why people with NPD become excluded from the labor market mainly originates from employers' attitudes and lack of knowledge about neuropsychiatric diagnoses. There is a generalized perception of the diagnosis function, which can be problematic, since the diagnoses vary from person to person. We refer to this phenomenon as generalizing competence blindness.