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In the context of the current energy transition and sustainable development, the promotion of waste separation and waste management is a good means of promoting the energy transition. Waste, when recycled, can contribute to the energy transition in many ways, for example by generating electricity, heating, recycling into raw materials for reuse and producing biofuels. In the process, fossil fuels and overall energy use can be reduced. Sweden is a country with excellent waste management. However, with the current increasing number of university students, many student residences with characteristics that make them isolated from the local community and difficult to manage are emerging. This study was carried out in Visby, Gotland, Sweden. It explored the waste sorting behaviour of students in student accommodation and the extent to which students have knowledge about waste sorting in relation to the energy transition. At the same time, the study attempts to dataset student waste sorting behaviour and knowledge of waste sorting and energy transition, and to find whether there is a relationship between these two variables. The study uses a survey method, and the results are analysed using both qualitative and Pearson’s Correlation test. It was found that the current waste sorting behaviour of students in student accommodation is not very good. This is related to a number of factors, such as whether the students have completed their pre-university studies in Sweden and the students' academic qualifications. According to the survey, the three factors that students think affect their waste sorting behaviour are the benefits of sorting waste, food waste needs to be sorted in special bags and it is difficult to get used to the complex waste sorting system in Sweden. The largest number of respondents felt that it would help them to be more diligent in sorting their waste if waste sorting initiatives could be set up in student residences. The research found a moderate correlation between the waste sorting behaviour of students at Visby and knowledge related to waste sorting and energy transition.

The main goal of this project is to find new use of former monastic grange for archaeological base and exhibition combined with multipurpose building containing gallery space, workshop room, accommodation and restaurant. The courtyard should become new public space (during opening hours). Znojmo-Hradiště (also known as Hradiště sv. Hypolita) is an important archaeological site with numerous finds from the period of the Great Moravia. The monastery and the grange are situated in the centre of former fortress. The complex of the monastery and all its buildings with few exceptions are cultural monument.

Ante los drásticos impactos medioambientales, que han sido visibles durante los últimos años, muchas personas han optado por incorporar en sus vidas ciertos productos y servicios que permiten que la contaminación sonora y ambiental no siga en aumento. Debido a ello, se hace evidente que existe una tendencia por hacer uso de productos y servicios que vayan de la mano con la sostenibilidad ambiental. Hoy en día, el consumo de plástico ha disminuido en un 30% en comparación al año 2019. Muchas personas utilizan sorbetes biodegradables, bolsas hechas con productos reciclados, entre otros productos. Así como se han incorporado productos ecoamigables, el sector hotelero, se ha sumado también brindando ciertos productos y servicios sostenibles a sus clientes. Sin embargo, los tipos de hoteles más reconocidos por ser alojamientos sostenibles son los ecolodges, ya que cumplen con la mayoría de criterios de sostenibilidad. Por este motivo, la presente investigación analiza de forma académica, los elementos que se deben considerar para garantizar la sostenibilidad ambiental de los alojamientos tipo Bed & Breakfast. Se utilizó como metodología la revisión bibliográfica de fuentes académicas de sostenibilidad sobre los elementos que deben ser incorporados en los hoteles para que se consideren sostenibles ambientalmente y poder dar a conocer si es beneficioso o no la aplicación de los elementos sostenibles medioambientalmente en el caso de los alojamientos tipo Bed & Breakfast. / Faced with the drastic environmental impacts, which have been visible in recent years, many people have chosen to incorporate certain products and services into their lives that allow noise and environmental pollution to not continue to increase. Due to this, it is evident that there is a tendency to make use of products and services that go hand in hand with environmental sustainability. Today, plastic consumption has decreased by 30% compared to 2019. Many people use biodegradable straws, bags made with recycled products, among other products. Just as eco-friendly products have been incorporated, the hotel sector has also joined by providing certain sustainable products and services to its customers. However, the types of hotels most recognized for being sustainable accommodations are ecolodges, since they meet most sustainability criteria. For this reason, this research analyzes in an academic way, the elements that must be considered to guarantee the environmental sustainability of Bed & Breakfast type accommodations. The methodology used was a bibliographic review of academic sustainability sources on the elements that must be incorporated in hotels to be considered environmentally sustainable and to be able to make known whether or not the application of environmentally sustainable elements is beneficial in the case of hotels Bed & Breakfast type accommodations. / Trabajo de investigación

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the Direct Instruction program Corrective Reading on standardized achievement test scores specifically of reading scaled score gains in grade levels three through six in a selected school system in East Tennessee. The causal-comparative quantitative approach was the foundation for this study. Reading scaled score gains from the Tennessee Comprehensive Assessment Program (TCAP) achievement test Terra Nova given in the years 2001-2002 and 2003-2004 were analyzed by grade level using ANOVA and t tests to determine if the implementation of Corrective Reading had an impact on students' achievement. No statistically significant results (p = .05) were found between the year before implementation and the year after implementation with the exception of one grade level. Furthermore, no significant differences were found at any grade level between students participating in Corrective Reading and students not participating in Corrective Reading on the 2003-2004 TCAP Terra Nova test. In addition, gender, Title I status, Special Education status, and teacher status were analyzed for interaction between groups and Corrective Reading. Only one grade level, by gender, showed a significant difference in scaled score gains. There was a significant difference by Title I status at two grade levels. Special Education students had significant reading scaled score gains at two of the four grade levels with Special Education students who received special accommodations showing significant gains at two grade levels. Students who were taught Corrective Reading by a certified teacher showed significant reading scaled score gains at one grade level, whereas the other grade levels had no significant difference.

The act of sharing goods and services is not a new or revolutionary concept in any way. In the internet age, the phenomenon of what has been titled the “sharing economy” has emerged, and touched many different industries and researchers around the world. Incumbent industries, operating in traditional manners, are in today’s society experiencing a pressure to transform. The hotel industry, in particular, is facing the tension of the customers’ shifting behavior, from staying at hotels to using accommodation sharing services instead, such as Airbnb. This study therefore seeks to explore how the sharing economy is impacting the hotel market. A question that has guided the research reads; Is the phenomenon, to the hotel industry, an opportunity or a threat? The research can be followed through a conducted explorative case study on the sharing economy’s manifestation in the Swedish hotel market, which encompasses an exploration of how hotel actors are perceiving and reacting to accommodation sharing. The case is based on gathered data from reviewing written material and conducting qualitative, semi-structured interviews with hotel actors, experts on the hotel industry and experts on the sharing economy. The empirical material has been complemented and processed with the transformational pressure theory and competitive strategic approaches in mind, along with having notions drawn from socio-technical transition theory whereas a Multi-Level Perspective approach is applied to discuss the transition the hotel industry is undergoing. This thesis contributes analytically to the research area of the current transformation in the hotel industry, with implications on how traditional hotel actors can adapt to the emergence of the sharing economy. The case study shows how hotel actors in Sweden, being in a currently prosperous state, are alarmingly positive towards the growing phenomenon of accommodation sharing hence they perceive it as an opportunity and a complement to the industry as minor negative financial effects are evident. However, we argue that traditional hotel actors will, after a coming period of recession, truly realize the effects of the accommodation sharing phenomenon. This since the adoption of sharing services is accelerated in a weaker financial landscape. We are of the perception that the phenomenon has resulted in the emergence of a new customer segment, “Mid Stay“ customers. In the study, we conclude that the hotel actors, no matter size or category, risk losing current customers, as well as the opportunity to attract new ones, if they do not transform and adapt to the ongoing change. Accommodation sharing should be perceived as nothing less than a threat that needs to be acted upon soon to remain sustainable in the now thriving hotel industry. However, the sharing economy is not necessarily a threat that needs to, or can, be eliminated, but rather one from which new profitable opportunities are made available for hotel actors to exploit in order to operate in symbiosis with the phenomenon. / Delning av tjänster och produkter har funnits i urminnes tider och har genom åren berört många industrier och forskare världen över. I eran av internet har fenomenet vuxit och kallas idag för “delningsekonomi”. Vissa etablerade industrier, som arbetar på ett mer traditionellt vis, upplever i dagens samhälle ett tryck på anpassning och förändring. En industri, som i synnerhet upplevt detta är hotellindustrin. Resenärer har nämligen förändrat sitt beteende och mer börjat använda sig av delning av bostäder. Denna studie syftar till att utforska hur delningsekonomin påverkar hotellmarknaden. Frågeställningen har utgått från; Är fenomenet ett hot eller en möjlighet för hotellindustrin? För att besvara detta är studien upplagd som en utforskande fallstudie. Syftet har varit att studera delningsekonomins manifestation på den svenska hotellmarknaden och hur aktörer uppfattar och reagerar mot delning av bostäder. Studien är baserad på granskning av insamlat skriftligt material samt från kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med hotellaktörer, experter inom hotellindustrin och forskare inom delningsekonomi. Det empiriska materialet har alternerats med teorier kring industriellt transformationstryck, konkurrensstrategier och socio-teknisk systemteori där ett multi-nivåperspektiv har applicerats för att analysera förändringen hotellindustrin utsätts för. Denna studie bidrar analytiskt till forskningsområdet inom den pågående förändringen i hotellindustrin med förslag på hur traditionella aktörer kan anpassa sig till delningsekonomins utveckling. Idag är de svenska hotellaktörerna, som befinner sig i en blomstrande affärsmiljö, alarmerande positiva gentemot delning av bostäder. De anser att tjänsten kompletterar utbudet på marknaden med små direkta påvisbara negativa finansiella effekter. Emellertid, argumenterar vi för att efter en oundviklig kommande lågkonjunktur kommer hotellindustrin inse och erfara den negativa effekten av fenomenet med delning av bostäder. Detta orsakat av att delningstjänster ökar i popularitet och adaption under en tid då det finansiella landskapet försämrats. Vi är av uppfattningen att fenomenet har resulterat i etableringen av en ny kundgrupp, vilken vi benämnt “Mid-Stay” kunden. Konklusionen är att hotellen, oberoende av storlek och kategori, dels riskerar att mista sina nuvarande kunder samt möjligheten att attrahera nya om man inte anpassar sig till den dagens verklighet. Enligt vår uppfattning skall delning av bostäder ses som ett så stort hot som föranleder en förändring. Dagens blomstrande industri är sårbar och en framtida anpassning är nödvändig för en fortsatt hållbar utveckling. Delningsekonomin bör för den traditionella hotellindustrin inte ses som ett hot som måste elimineras utan snarare en möjlighet för hotellen att finna nya lönsamma alternativ och leva i symbios med fenomenet.

В первой главе представлены характеристики потребителей программы сопровождаемого проживания; описана организация программы сопровождаемого проживания для детей с ментальными нарушениями; проблемы внедрения программы сопровождаемого проживания в учреждениях социального обслуживания. Во второй главе выявлено отношение сотрудников и детей-инвалидов к внедрению программы сопровождаемого проживания на базе их учреждения, а так же их желании стать наставником у ребенка- инвалида при реализации программы сопровождаемого проживания и желании пройти обучение, по внедрению программы сопровождаемое проживание. Проведена оценка уровня самообслуживания у детей-инвалидов и уровня обладания бытовыми навыками для самостоятельного проживания; проведены интервью с сотрудниками детского дома и с получателями социальных услуг, детьми-инвалидами. / The first chapter presents the characteristics of consumers of the assisted living program; describes the organization of the assisted living program for children with mental disabilities; problems of implementing the assisted living program in social service institutions. The second chapter reveals the attitude of employees and children with disabilities to the implementation of the assisted living program at their institution, as well as their desire to become a mentor to a disabled child during the implementation of the assisted living program and their desire to undergo training on the implementation of the assisted living program. The assessment of the level of self-service among children with disabilities and the level of possession of household skills for independent living was carried out; interviews were conducted with employees of the orphanage and with recipients of social services, children with disabilities.

Доступная среда для инвалидов как социальный аспект является одним из требований для проектирования зданий по критериям устойчивого развития, что напрямую влияет как на развитие архитектурного облика объектов социальной инфраструктуры, так и на развитие нашего общества в общечеловеческом понимании в целом. Диссертационное исследование посвящено существующим проблемам обеспечения беспрепятственного доступа инвалидов и иных маломобильных групп населения (МГН) к объектам социальной инфраструктуры. Проанализированы нормативные правовые акты. Разъясняются понятия: «Доступная среда», «Универсальный дизайн», «Разумное приспособление». Определены основные принципы подходов при создании беспрепятственного доступа. Изучен опыт существующих решений беспрепятственного доступа инвалидов к объектам социальной инфраструктуры в Берлине и в г. Екатеринбурге. Выявлены проблемы развития беспрепятственного доступа. В исследовании проведен социологический опрос целевой аудитории, что помогло выявить наиболее проблемную зону «Вход(ы) в здание». В социологическом опросе также получились очень интересными другие выводы, полностью меняющие концепцию подхода к созданию безбарьерной среды жизнедеятельности, т. к. подавляющее большинство респондентов определяют создание безбарьерной среды необходимым для всех граждан, а не только для инвалидов и иных МГН, «инвалида нет – есть человек». Определены критерии безбарьерной среды, обобщены параметры требований для структурно-функциональной зоны «Вход(ы) в здание», представлены графические материалы решения беспрепятственного доступа. / An accessible environment for the disabled as a social aspect is one of the requirements for designing buildings according to sustainable development criteria, which directly affects the development of the architectural appearance of social infrastructure facilities and the development of our society in the human sense as a whole. The dissertation research is devoted to the existing problems of ensuring unhindered access for people with disabilities and other low-mobility groups of the population (MSG) to social infrastructure facilities. The normative legal acts are analyzed. Concepts are explained: Accessible environment/Universal design/Reasonable accommodation. The basic principles of approaches to creating unhindered access are determined. The experience of existing solutions for unhindered access of disabled people to social infrastructure facilities in Berlin and Yekaterinburg was studied. Problems of development of unimpeded access are revealed. The study conducted a sociological survey of the target audience, which helped to identify the most problematic area «Entrance(s) to the building». The sociological survey also yielded very interesting and other conclusions that completely change the concept of the approach to creating a barrier-free living environment, the vast majority of respondents define the creation of a barrier-free environment as for all citizens, and not just for the disabled and other MGNs, «there is no disabled person is a person». The criteria for a barrier-free environment are defined, the parameters of the requirements for the structural-functional zone "Entrance (s) to the building" are summarized, and graphic materials for the solution of unhindered access are presented.

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