Titel: Relationen mellan chefer och medarbetare - Ett principal-agent-perspektiv Universitet: Malmö Universitet Kurs: TR128C – Företagsekonomi: Examensarbete i Transport Management Författare: Jens Andersson, Olle Karlsson & Mattias Pettersson Handledare: Benedikte Borgström Nyckelord: Agentteori, agentproblem, måldivergens, informationsasymmetri, moral hazard, adverse selection, programmerbarhet Syfte: Att utifrån ett principal-agent-perspektiv studera hur relationen mellan chefer och medarbetare i den studerade miljön påverkas av förekomsten av informationsasymmetri och skilda målbilder, samt hur motivationen att prestera på arbetsplatsen kan påverkas av incitamentsstrukturer kopplade till kontraktsupplägget och olika nivåer av övervakning. Metod: Studien har genomförts via en kvalitativ ansats där data insamlats genom intervjuer, observationer och textanalys. Teori: Studiens teoretiska ramverk bygger på principal-agent-teorin och dess komponenter med fokus på informationsasymmetri och skilda målbilder. Slutsatser: I den studerade miljön där relationen mellan principal och agent kännetecknas av hög informationsasymmetri, hög programmerbarhet och parterna motiveras av olika målbilder står principalen inför valet att antingen komplettera ett beteendebaserat kontrakt med tillräckliga övervakningsmekanismer för att utröna agentens beteende, eller försöka upprätta ett resultatbaserat kontrakt. Hög informationsasymmetri kopplat till ett beteendebaserat kontrakt riskerar att lägga grunden för problem kopplade till moral hazard då agenterna blir helt fria att agera efter sina egna målbilder. / Title: The relationship between managers and workers - An agency perspective University: Malmö Universitet Course: TR128C – Business Administration: Bachelor thesis in Transport Management Writers: Jens Andersson, Olle Karlsson & Mattias Pettersson Mentor: Benedikte Borgström Keywords: Agency theory, agency problem, goal divergence, information asymmetry, moral hazard, adverse selection, programmability Purpose: From an agency perspective study how the relationship between managers and workers in the studied environment is affected by the existence of information asymmetry and diverging goals, and also how the motivation to perform at the workplace can be affected by different incentive structures related to the contract form and different levels of surveillance. Methods: The study has been conducted via a qualitative approach and the data has been collected through interviews, observations and text analysis. Theories: The studies theoretical framework is based on the agency theory and its components with a focus on information asymmetry and diverging goals. Conclusion: In the studied environment the relationship between principal and agent is characterized by asymmetrical information flows, high programmability, and diverging goals. This leaves the principal to either reinforce a behavioral based contract with sufficient surveillance to uncover the agent’s behavior, or to try and establish a contract based on results. A high degree of information asymmetry in combination with a behavioral based contract runs the risk of laying the foundation for problems related to moral hazard as the agents are free to act according to their own personal goals.

Analysens syfte var att presentera om ett datorspel kan betraktas som en berättande text, hur ett datorspel skiljer sig från andra berättande texter, samt hur datorspelet The Witcher 2: Assassins of kings (2011) kan användas som en berättande text i gymnasieämnet svenska. Analysarbetet genomfördes genom att spela datorspelet, skriva loggbok och spela in spel-tillfällena. För att klargöra om datorspelet kan betraktas som en berättande text använde jag mig av forskning som definierar en berättande text. Sedan jämförde jag datorspelets berättelse mot forsknings-resultaten. Gällande användningen i gymnasieämnet svenska reflekterade jag över Skol-verkets formuleringar i det centrala innehållet för kurserna. Resultatet som jag kunde utläsa var att datorspel kan betraktas som berättande text och är möjliga att använda i gymnasieämnet svenska. Beträffande skillnaderna från andra berättande texter är ett The Witcher 2 ett icke-linjärt datorspel med interaktiva inslag, vilket innebär att berättelsen kräver större engagemang från en spelare i jämförelse med en läsare.

Employment agencies and agency employment Abstract The topic of this thesis are employment agencies and agency employment. Employment agencies play an important role in the labor market. Their activities involve finding a job for individuals, finding employees for employers, providing advisory services and information services and, of course, the institute referred to as agency employment. Agency employment was incorporated into the Czech law in 2004. The text of this thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is focused on the definition of basic terms related to agency employment and also on the definition of individual entities involved in the agency employment process. The second chapter is devoted to the topic of the development of legal regulation of agency employment. The attention is focused on the development of international law. The third chapter is focused on the employment agencies themselves. The penultimate chapter describes the mutual legal relations that arise between the various entities involved in the agency employment process. These entities are the user, the employment agency and the temporary agency worker. The final chapter deals with selected topics related to the agency employment - specifically the issue of comparable work and salary conditions between a temporary...

Temporary agency work Abstract The theme of this thesis is temporary agency work. Temporary agency work has been a part of the global conversation on flexible employment for most of the 20th century. Now, thanks to the labor market changes and the changes in the attitude toward "atypical work", it's becoming more relevant than ever. The main objective of the legislative efforts related to temporary agency work on global, European and national level is to find the right balance between the necessary flexibility and protection for temporary agency workers. Temporary agency work is a relatively new institute to the Czech legal system and as a result of that, the national legislation is still developing. This thesis is divided into four chapters that are, except for chapter two, focusing on the current legislation of temporary agency work in the Czech Republic. The first chapter provides a definition of temporary agency work and classifies it as "atypical work". It also points out its place in the Czech legal framework as a form of employment intermediation. The second chapter describes the evolution of the legislation on temporary agency work on an international and European level. Special attention is paid to conventions adopted by International Labour Organization and in particular to the Convention C181 -...

Temporary agency employment - legal theory and application practice The title of this diploma thesis is "Temporary agency employment - Legal theory and application practice ", where temporary agency employment being is characterized as flexible form or provision of labor force. The main aim of this work is to summarize the regulations of temporary agency employment and to point out problematic its most critical flaws. The thesis additionally highlights the most important differences compared to regulations in force in neighboring countries. The first chapter defines the central attributes of temporary agency employment, including flexibility and secondment. It further formalizes how temporary agency employment differs from similar concept of outsourcing. The main law text sources are subsequently presented and set to the historical law context of the Czech Republic. The third chapter defines the main players partaking in temporary agency employment, with focus on how permissions are obtained, the deposit obligation and the bankruptcy insurance. The fourth chapter deals with interplay of labor and commercial law, including the definition of individual terms of the contract. Next, the liabilities of all parties are explained, with particular focus on regulation of salary and employment terms,...

The thesis "Influence of the Czech News Agency's coverage on the content of sport sections of Internet portals Aktuálně.cz, iDnes.cz and Sport.cz" examines the influence of agency news on the production of sports sections of selected news servers on the basis of quantitative content analysis. In the theoretical part of the thesis, basic information about news agencies, the Czech News Agency (hereinafter referred to as "ČTK"), sports, sports journalism and online media is described. The concept of agenda setting is also explained and the analysed internet portals are briefly described. The practical part of the thesis presents, in addition to an explanation of the research methodology used, the analysis itself, which was carried out on a total of 1882 articles from all three servers for the period from 17th September 2020 to 30th September 2020. Based on the data obtained, all six research questions are subsequently answered. Five questions concern the correspondence of the published texts with the agency news and the claimed authorship, while the last one focuses on the authorship of the published photographs. The data obtained from the analysis are supplemented in each subchapter by the statements of the sports editors of the servers in question, who were contacted by e-mail and asked to complete...

Agency has yet to see an in-depth discovery within Human Computer Interaction (HCI). It has and still is the subject of research, however, work is still needed to understand what agency in HCI is, on a fundamental level. Theory from different fields provide a foundation with the goal of discovering agency and what it can contribute to design. In this thesis, agency’s foundation in philosophy is explored along with contributions of agency in interaction design. Topics on agency within HCI are used to further nuance understanding of how designers can use perception of agency, both in the user and the artifact, in their design practice. A phenomenological view on agency in interaction design is used, building on Actor Network Theory. Furthermore, nuances of influence, disable, opaqueness, and imperative are presented, explored empirically and put in relation to theory on agency within HCI.

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This study explores the role of agency and music agency in shaping players' experiences in video games. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzed the experiences of four participants who played a music-based video game. The results suggest that agency and music agency play a crucial role in shaping players' engagement, immersion, and emotional investment in the game. Participants reported that having control over the music in the game provided them with a sense of control and agency, contributing to a more immersive and enjoyable experience. However, the study also highlights the importance of balancing agency with the level of challenge presented in the game. While providing players with agency can enhance engagement and satisfaction, it may not necessarily increase the level of challenge in the game. The study offers insights into the complex interplay between agency, music agency, and challenges in shaping player experiences in video games. Overall, the study provides valuable contributions to the field of game design research, highlighting the importance of considering player agency and music agency in crafting engaging and satisfying gaming experiences.

This work deals with objects suppressed by individual people after the 1973 coup in Chile, due to the repression exerted by the installed civic-military dictatorship. It collects the memories of those who had to get rid of compromising objects to save their lives, pointing out the strategies chosen for this purpose, as well as the places to carry them out. It shows that the strategies varied and depended on different circumstances. This work is also about the value given to objects and the way in which the functions of objects change according to political circumstances. It highlights the memories created in contrast to the discourses of official history and to forced oblivion. / Detta arbete handlar om de föremål som förtrycktes av enskilda människor efter statskuppen i Chile 1973, på grund av förtrycket som den installerade civil-militära diktaturen utövade. Det samlar in minnen av de som var tvungna att göra sig av med kmpromissande föremål för att rädda sina liv, och pekar ut de strategier som valdes för detta ändamål, såväl som platserna för att utföra dem. Det visar att strategierna varierade och berodde på olika omständigheter. Dat här arbetet handlar även om de värderingar som ges till föremål och hur föremålens funktioner förändras beroende på politiska omständigheter. Det lyfter fram minnet som skapats i kontrast till den officiella historiens diskurser och till påtvingad glömska.