En s’appuyant sur le développement et la légitimation théorique du modèle de l’agilité organisationnelle, cette recherche explore les perceptions et les représentations des managers sur l’agilité organisationnelle afin de clarifier et opérationnaliser ce construit. Pour ce faire, nous effectuons dans un premier temps un retour aux sources de l’agilité organisationnelle qui est apparue en 1991. Ce travail met en exergue un fondement théorique fort centré sur quatre capacités d’agilité : la réactivité, la flexibilité, la rapidité, et la compétence.Cette exploration théorique nous permet de poursuivre notre recherche en deux temps. Nous avons tout d’abord réalisé un questionnaire afin de récolter, vingt-cinq ans après les premiers développements de l’agilité, les perceptions des managers sur la définition des capacités d’agilité, sur les pratiques associées à ces capacités, et sur l’agilité organisationnelle. Nous avons ensuite comparé nos résultats obtenus fin 2011 avec ceux d’une échelle de mesure de l’agilité organisationnelle validée et publiée dans la littérature en décembre 2011.Finalement, cette recherche permet d’obtenir deux résultats majeurs. Tout d’abord, nous observons que les managers ne perçoivent pas l’agilité organisationnelle à la manière des développements théoriques de la littérature. Les managers articulent différemment les pratiques managériales et organisationnelles et celles-ci ne suivent pas les développements théoriques. Le deuxième résultat majeur est l’amélioration de l’échelle de mesure de l’agilité organisationnelle parue en 2011. Ce deuxième résultat, fruit du croisement de nos travaux et de ceux Charbonnier-Voirin (2011), a été par ailleurs testé auprès de managers. / Based on the development and the theoretical legitimisation of organisational agility model, this research explores the perceptions and representations of managers on organizational agility to clarify and operationalize this construct. To do this, we first get back to the sources of organisational agility that appeared in 1991. This work highlights a strong theoretical foundation based on four agility capabilities: responsiveness, flexibility, quickness, and competence.This theoretical exploration allows us to continue our research in two phases. We first conducted a questionnaire to collect, twenty-five years after the first development of agility, perceptions of managers on the definition of agility capabilities, the practices associated with these capabilities. We compared our results with those of a measurement scale of organizational agility published in the literature in December 2011.Finally, this research provides two major results. First, we observe that managers do not perceive organizational agility as the theoretical developments read in the literature. Managers articulate the different managerial and organizational practices and they do not follow the theoretical developments. The second major result is the improvement of the measurement scale of organisational agility published in 2011. T

Esta pesquisa se propõe a compreender como a utilização das tecnologias móveis pode ser explorada para o ganho de agilidade na captação e repasse dos sinais fracos (SF) no ambiente organizacional. Os sinais fracos, apesar de, isoladamente, se apresentarem como incertos e imprecisos, se analisados sistematicamente, contém potencial estratégico relevante para as organizações. O crescente uso de tecnologias móveis e sem fio, que permeia a realidade das organizações, permite uma maior agilidade por parte das empresas, sob as perspectivas de acesso a informação, comunicação e tempo. Através da realização de estudos de caso múltiplos, contando com 10 respondentes exercendo funções multidisciplinares em diferentes organizações, buscamos relacionar essas perspectivas de agilidade provenientes da utilização das tecnologias móveis nas organizações – levantadas através de revisão bibliográfica – às etapas de captação e repasse de sinais fracos, adotadas no modelo de Inteligência Estratégica Antecipativa e Coletiva (IEAc). Com relação à captação dos sinais fracos, entende-se que o volume de informações trocado e a disponibilidade dessas informações (ambos decorrentes do uso das tecnologias de informação móveis e sem fio) podem aumentar a chance de identificação de um sinal fraco nas três perspectivas analisadas. Contudo, essa percepção dos sinais fracos é vinculada também às características do profissional, que deve assumir uma atitude proativa e atenta no sentido de perceber e interpretar essas informações. A respeito do repasse de informação, entende-se que o ganho de agilidade pelo uso das TIMS pode ser explorado, dado que a redução das barreiras geográficas permite ganhos no processo em relação ao tempo, à comunicação e ao acesso à informação. / This research aims to understand how the use of mobile technologies can be exploited to gain agility in the capture and transfer of weak signals in the organizational environment. When weak signals are analysed singly, they are uncertain and imprecise. However, when systematically analyzed, they contain relevant strategic potential for organizations. The increasing use of mobile technologies and wireless, that permeates the reality of organizations, allows greater flexibility for companies, on the prospects of access to information, communication and time. By performing multiple case studies, with 10 respondents which work in different functions and different organizations, we seek to relate these agility prospects arising from the adoption of mobile technologies in organizations - raised through literature review - to the stages of capture and transfer of weak signals, adopted in Strategic, Anticipative and Collective Intelligence. Regarding the capture of weak signals, is meant that the volume of information exchanged and the availability of this information (both resulting from TIMS) may increase the chance of identifying a weak signal in the three perspectives analyzed. However, this perception of weak signals is also linked to the characteristics of each professional, who should take a proactive and attentive attitude towards perceive and interpret this information. Regarding the transfer stage of weak signals information, is observed that the gain agility through the use of TIMS can be exploited, given that the reduction of geographical barriers allows gains over time, related to communication and access to information.

Nos estudos sobre a teoria da Seleção Sexual, as libélulas têm sido amplamente estudadas devido à grande variedade de padrões comportamentais, de coloração e táticas reprodutivas. Como forma de demonstrar táticas reprodutivas adotadas por duas espécies de libélulas, esta dissertação teve como objetivos principais: i) investigar o papel de traços secundários como a coloração corporal na competição intra-sexual de uma espécie territorial e ii) analisar se os traços corporais como tamanho e morfologia das asas predizem a tática de acasalamento adotada por machos de uma espécie nãoterritorial. Sugere-se que a coloração corporal pode predizer o resultado de lutas e também se correlacionar positivamente com a condição física dos machos territoriais de Tigriagrion aurantinigrum. Ademais, traços corporais como o tamanho e a morfologia das asas influenciam na tática reprodutiva utilizada por machos não-territoriais de Epipleoneura williamsoni. Portanto, com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a variação nos sinais visuais exerce um papel essencial na comunicação animal e na resolução de conflitos, indicando ainda que pode haver uma sinalização da condição física dos machos. Além disso, os resultados mostraram evidências em como diferentes táticas reprodutivas se relacionam com traços corporais como agilidade e tamanho corporal, os quais podem influenciar no sucesso reprodutivo dos indivíduos. / In studies concerning Sexual Selection theory, dragonflies and damselflies have been well studied due to their wide range of behavioral, color and reproductive tactics patterns. To demonstrate reproductive tactics adopted by two damselfly species, this study aimed to: i) investigate the role of secondary traits such as body coloration in intrasexual competition of a territorial species and ii) analyze if body traits such as size and wing morphology predicts the adopted tactic by non-territorial males. It is suggested that body coloration can predict the fight outcome and also positively correlates with males physical condition in territorial males of Tigriagrion aurantinigrum and body traits such as body size and wing morphology influence the reproductive tactic adopted by non-territorial males of Epipleoneura williamsoni. Therefore, with these results, it is concluded that the visual signalling variation plays an important role on the animal comunication and conflict resolution, which also may indicate that there is a signalling on the males physical condition. Furthermore, the results showed evidence in how different reproductive tactics are related to body traits such as agility and size, which can influence on individuals reproductive success.

Esta pesquisa se propõe a compreender como a utilização das tecnologias móveis pode ser explorada para o ganho de agilidade na captação e repasse dos sinais fracos (SF) no ambiente organizacional. Os sinais fracos, apesar de, isoladamente, se apresentarem como incertos e imprecisos, se analisados sistematicamente, contém potencial estratégico relevante para as organizações. O crescente uso de tecnologias móveis e sem fio, que permeia a realidade das organizações, permite uma maior agilidade por parte das empresas, sob as perspectivas de acesso a informação, comunicação e tempo. Através da realização de estudos de caso múltiplos, contando com 10 respondentes exercendo funções multidisciplinares em diferentes organizações, buscamos relacionar essas perspectivas de agilidade provenientes da utilização das tecnologias móveis nas organizações – levantadas através de revisão bibliográfica – às etapas de captação e repasse de sinais fracos, adotadas no modelo de Inteligência Estratégica Antecipativa e Coletiva (IEAc). Com relação à captação dos sinais fracos, entende-se que o volume de informações trocado e a disponibilidade dessas informações (ambos decorrentes do uso das tecnologias de informação móveis e sem fio) podem aumentar a chance de identificação de um sinal fraco nas três perspectivas analisadas. Contudo, essa percepção dos sinais fracos é vinculada também às características do profissional, que deve assumir uma atitude proativa e atenta no sentido de perceber e interpretar essas informações. A respeito do repasse de informação, entende-se que o ganho de agilidade pelo uso das TIMS pode ser explorado, dado que a redução das barreiras geográficas permite ganhos no processo em relação ao tempo, à comunicação e ao acesso à informação. / This research aims to understand how the use of mobile technologies can be exploited to gain agility in the capture and transfer of weak signals in the organizational environment. When weak signals are analysed singly, they are uncertain and imprecise. However, when systematically analyzed, they contain relevant strategic potential for organizations. The increasing use of mobile technologies and wireless, that permeates the reality of organizations, allows greater flexibility for companies, on the prospects of access to information, communication and time. By performing multiple case studies, with 10 respondents which work in different functions and different organizations, we seek to relate these agility prospects arising from the adoption of mobile technologies in organizations - raised through literature review - to the stages of capture and transfer of weak signals, adopted in Strategic, Anticipative and Collective Intelligence. Regarding the capture of weak signals, is meant that the volume of information exchanged and the availability of this information (both resulting from TIMS) may increase the chance of identifying a weak signal in the three perspectives analyzed. However, this perception of weak signals is also linked to the characteristics of each professional, who should take a proactive and attentive attitude towards perceive and interpret this information. Regarding the transfer stage of weak signals information, is observed that the gain agility through the use of TIMS can be exploited, given that the reduction of geographical barriers allows gains over time, related to communication and access to information.

Les entreprises de l’industrie du luxe sont aujourd’hui soumises à une pression constante de la part des marchés pour développer et produire une plus grande variété de nouveaux produits dans des délais toujours plus courts. Néanmoins, cela doit se réaliser en répondant tout à la fois aux critères fondamentaux de l’industrie tels que concevoir l’unique, réaliser l’extravagance et rendre le produit à son plus haut niveau de qualité. L’amélioration des processus de développement de produits par les paradigmes du lean et de l’agilité connus sous le terme «leagility» peut apporter des réponses à ces défis. Poursuivis conjointement, les objectifs du lean et de l’agilité se focalisent d’une part sur l’élimination des gaspillages tout en créant un flux continu sur la chaîne de valeur et d’autre part, se concentrent sur une réponse proactive face à la demande des marchés. Cependant, considérant la multiplicité de techniques et d’outils leagiles, il n’est pas simple pour une organisation de sélectionner les initiatives de transformation les plus performantes ainsi que les activités à réaliser afin de répondre efficacement aux besoins d’amélioration spécifique relatifs aux objectifs stratégiques de l’entreprise. Définir, déployer et piloter un plan de transformation cohérent par rapport à la vision de l’organisation et considérant son niveau de maturité d’adoption des bonnes pratiques en développement de produits requièrent une rigueur et une implication soutenue des membres de l’organisation ainsi qu’une vision claire des objectifs à atteindre lesquels s’illustreront par des résultats tangibles et mesurables. Reconnaissant cette difficulté industrielle, cette thèse propose une méthodologie de transformation leagile en développement de produits permettant de conduire la transformation d’une organisation sur tout son cycle de vie allant de l’initialisation de la vision jusqu’au pilotage des initiatives d’amélioration leagiles de manière incrémentale. En d’autres termes, l’approche soutient les utilisateurs et les guide dans la conduite d’un diagnostic de maturité, dans la sélection des leviers d’amélioration appropriés, dans le choix des outils et des techniques d’amélioration associés ainsi que dans la construction et dans le déploiement d’un plan d’intervention reposant sur une séquence détaillée d’activités prenant en compte les bonnes pratiques de la conduite du changement. / .Luxury industry companies are subjected to constant pressure from markets to develop and produce more varieties of new products in shorter delays. Nevertheless, this must be realized without compromising fundamental criterion such as designing unique products, developing extravagance, achieving top quality level and renewing the offering while, at the same time, retaining the brand image and elitism of the product. Lean and agile concepts, known by the term “leagility”, offer potential answers for facing these challenges and to improve product development processes . Pursued together, lean and agile objectives focalize on waste elimination while creating a continuous flow on the value chain. However, considering the large number of leagile techniques and tools, it is not easy for an organization to select the most efficient transformation initiatives and the most adequate activities to be implemented to meet achieve their strategic objectives. Defining, deploying, and steering a consistent transformation plan in line with the organisation’s vision and its level of maturity in terms of adoption of best practices calls for rigour and considerable involvement of the organisation members, as well as a clear vision of the objectives to be achieved. This thesis proposes a leagile transformation methodology for guiding industrials in a product development organisation transformation along its entire life cycle from the definition of a clear vision to the deployment of leagile improvement initiatives. The proposed approach supports users in conducting a maturity diagnostic, in selecting appropriate levers for improvement, in choosing related tools and related improvement techniques with the aim of constructing, and rolling out a transformation plan which relies on change management best practices.

Background: Plyometric training is a form of conditioning with increasing popularity that involves the performance of body weight jumping type exercises with the use of the stretch-shortening cycle muscle action. It is widely accepted that plyometric training has beneficial effects on many sports, including soccer. Objectives: To assess the effect of plyometric training on explosive actions of soccer performance (sprinting, jumping, agility, ball kicking) and indicated the kind, the frequency and targeted age groups on which the plyometrics should be executed. Methods: A search for all types of trials was performed on Pubmed, Web of Science and Sport Discus databases and the results were recorded according to PRISMA recommendations. 24 studies were included and judged for risk of bias and quality of evidence according to Cochrane guidelines and GRADE. Results: The studies were judges to have “low”, “high” and “unclear” risk of bias and were judged as “moderate”, “low” and very low quality of evidence. The finding of most of the studies show that plyometric training has beneficial effects and statistically significant improvements on the explosive actions (sprinting, jumping, agility and ball kicking) of young soccer players between 10 and 19 years old. Conclusions: The level of evidence of the review is moderate which means that further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. The current study suggests that plyometric training can be beneficial for young soccer players when is applied with gradual intensity, frequency of 2-3 times per week and along with regular soccer and strength training. Future research of higher quality of evidence studies and lower risk of bias should be performed in this field.

This dissertation consists of two studies examining the utility and distinctiveness of learning agility in the workplace. The first study examines the nomological networks of two proprietary measures of learning agility in sample of 832 individuals. The learning agility simulation is designed to be an objective measure of learning agility ability. The learning agility indicator is a self-report measure designed to measure the preference towards learning agile behaviors. The results of study one indicate two different nomological networks for the learning agility simulation and the learning agility indicator. Specifically, the learning agility simulation was related to cognitive personality variables (i.e., tolerance for ambiguity and cognitive flexibility) and cognitive ability, and the learning agility indicator was more strongly related to personality variables. The second study explores the work-related outcomes associated with the learning agility simulation, and the incremental validity of the learning agility simulation over traditional predictors of performance (i.e., Big Five personality variables, cognitive ability). The second study was performed with a sample of early career employees with supervisor rated performance/potential measures in a sample of 89 paired responses. The results of study two indicated that the learning agility simulation was significantly related to two areas of employee potential (learning from experience and speed-to-competence) and provided incremental validity over traditional predictors of performance/potential for these areas of performance.

Le développement de produits complexes demande la maintenance d'un grand nombre de documents interdépendants exprimés dans différents formats. Malheureusement, aujourd'hui, aucun outil et aucune méthodologie ne nous permettent pas de maintenir la cohérence et de propager systématiquement les changements entre ces documents. D'après les observations faites dans l'entreprise STMicroelectronics, lorsqu'un document est modifié, les développeurs doivent propager manuellement la modification à l'ensemble des documents impactés. Pour diverses raisons, ces changements peuvent ne pas être correctement appliqués, voir même ne pas être appliqués du tout. Les documents divergent alors peu à peu, impactant dramatiquement le temps de développement pour réaligner tous les documents. Nous proposons une méthodologie aidant les développeurs à maintenir systématiquement la cohérence entre les documents, basée sur le concept de description d'architecture introduit par l'ISO42010. Premièrement, un modèle est défini pour décrire formellement et complètement des correspondances (liens existants) entre des documents. Ce modèle est défini pour être indépendant des formats de documents, du cycle de développement et des méthodes de travail de l'entreprise. Deuxièmement, ces correspondances sont analysées afin d'aider les développeurs à maintenir la cohérence des documents en les informant lorsqu'un document est modifié. Un prototype mettant en œuvre l’approche proposée a été développé afin d’évaluer la méthodologie. 18 sujets se sont portés volontaires afin d’évaluer l'approche. Ces sujets ont été soumis à deux tests (avec et sans notre méthodologie) impliquant la correction d’incohérences ajoutées dans un ensemble de documents. Ces tests nous ont permis de dégager deux variables : le nombre d’incohérences corrigées et le temps moyen pour corriger les incohérences. Selon notre étude, l’utilisation de notre approche permet de corriger 5,5% d’incohérences en plus en un temps 3,3% plus faible. / The development of highly complex products requires the maintenance of a huge set of inter-dependent documents, in various formats. Unfortunately, no tool or methodology is available today to systematically maintain consistency between all these documents. Therefore, according to observations made in STMicroelectronics, when a document changes, stakeholders must manually propagate the changes to the impacted set of dependent documents. For various reasons, they may not well propagate the change, or even may not propagate it at all. Related documents thereby diverge more and more over time. It dramatically impacts productivity to realign documents and make the very wide-ranging corpus of documents consistent. This paper proposes a methodology to help stakeholders to systematically maintain consistency between documents, based on the Architecture Description concept introduced by ISO42010. First, a model is defined to describe formally and completely correspondences between Architecture Description Elements of documents. This model is designed to be independent of documents formats, selected system development lifecycle and the working methods of the industry. Second, these correspondences are analyzed in case of document modification in order to help stakeholders maintaining global corpus consistency. A prototype has been developed, which implements the proposed approach, to evaluate the methodology. 18 subjects volunteered to evaluate the approach. These subjects made two tests (with and without our methodology) involving the correction of inconsistencies added in a set of documents. These tests allowed us to identify two variables: the number of inconsistencies corrected and the average time to correct the inconsistencies. According to our study, the use of the approach helps to correct 5.5% more inconsistencies in a time 3.3% lower.

Title: Relation between selected off-ice tests and performance in on-ice Illinois Agility test of ice hockey players between 14-17 years old in Czech elite category. Objectives: The main goal of this thesis was to determine whether the somatotype and selected off-ice tests are significant predictors for performance in the on-ice agility test in ice hockey players in the youth elite category. Methods: The research group consisted 28 ice hockey players (8 forwards and 18 defenders) x̅ = 14,88 ± 0,57. Players played highest youth league during the measurement period. The method of Heath and Carter (1990) was used to determine the somatotype. Squat Jump, Countermovement Jump, Free Arm Countermovement Jump, Sit and Reach, pull-ups and off- ice Illinois Agility with a ball were used as off-ice tests. The Aspin-Welch two-samle T-test with Effect size (ES) Hedges' g was used to evaluate the degree of difference in performance between forwards and defenders. Pearson's correlation coefficient with ES coefficient of determination R2 was applied to determine the tightness of relationships between selected variables. Evaluation of the significance of predictors for performance in on- ice agility tests was performed through multiple regression analysis. The significance of the model was assessed according to the...

Anforderungen sind ein Kernbestandteil agiler Entwicklung und aufgrund der Charakteristika mechatronischer Systeme ist eine Bündelung von Anforderungen zur Realisierung von Entwicklungsgenerationen als Inkremente wirtschaftlich sinnvoll. Folglich ist ein Management der Anforderungen hinsichtlich ihrer Entwicklung, Verifizierung und Wiederverwendung notwendig. Anhand der Entwicklung von Werkzeugmaschinen werden die beobachteten Charakteristika der Entwicklung mechatronischer Systeme mit Einfluss auf Durchlaufzeit, Materialkosten und Aufwand beschrieben, diese sind: Fertigungsdokumentation, Bestellung, Lieferung, Hilfsmittel, Montage und Inbetriebnahme. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Einflussfaktoren wird anschließend ein Vorgehen zur systematischen Wiederverwendung von Anforderungen bei der Entwicklung neuer Produkt- und Entwicklungsgenerationen von Werkzeugmaschinen vorgestellt. Dabei werden Qualitätsanforderungen, funktionale Anforderungen und Randbedingungen unterschieden. Für Qualitäts- und funktionale Anforderungen werden spezifische Vorgehensweisen im Rahmen der Realisierung einer Entwicklungsgeneration vorgeschlagen. Während die Erfüllung von Qualitätsanforderungen für eine Entwicklungsgeneration nach der Realisierung abzuprüfen ist, sind funktionale Anforderungen direkter Ausgangspunkt von Entwicklungsaktivitäten in einem Sprint. Randbedingungen werden als Begründung für Anforderungen nachvollziehbar und wiederverwendbar dokumentiert. Wesentliche Bestandteile des Vorgehens wurden in Jira implementiert und im Rahmen zweier Entwicklungsprojekte positiv evaluiert.