The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among the youth in the Vaal triangle, south of Gauteng. The study was conducted in four high schools under Sedibeng West District of the Gauteng Department of Education. A quantitative approach in the form of a questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Results obtained indicated that there is no significant correlation between alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among the respondents. Drawing on the findings and literature review, recommendations were made to government, the liquor industry and schools that participated in the study. Limitations of the study were identified and recommendations were made for the benefit of future research. The primary and secondary objectives of the study were successfully realised in this study. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The present study stems from a concern with the possible occurrence of alcohol abuse on a university campus. The major focus is an exploration of the drinking habits of mostly undergraduate students. An adequate understanding of the above would simplify the task of the university authorities of formulating a relevant alcohol policy and action plan. The survey involves a self-completion questionnaire. The data analysis concentrated on Pearson's correlations and chisquare tests. Significant relationships between the level of alcohol use on the one hand and gender, residence, language, other substance abuse, sport participation, religion, moral values, and sexual activity on the other hand was found. Finally a profile of high-risk, heavier drinking students are provided. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die huidige studie spruit uit 'n besorgdheid oor die voorkoms van alkohol misbruik op 'n universiteitskampus. Die primêre fokus is 'n verkenning van die drinkgewoontes van hoofsaaklik voorgraadse studente. 'n Omvattende begrip van bogenoemde sal die taak vergemaklik van die universiteitsowerhede om 'n toepaslike alkoholbeleid en -aksieplan te formuleer. Die ondersoekende studie behels 'n selfvoltooings vraelys. Die data-analise fokus op Pearson se korrelasies en chi-kwadraat toetse. Beduidende verbande is gevind tussen vlak van alkohol gebruik aan die een kant en geslag, verblyf, taal, ander substansgebruik, sportdeelname, godsdiens, morele waardes en seksuele aktiwiteit aan die ander kant. Laastens word 'n profiel van die hoë risiko, swaarder drinkende studente verstrek.

Thesis (MEdPsig)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research in this qualitative study focuses on the role of the Educational Psychologist in facilitating inclusion of a learner with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). The international movement towards inclusive education, with emphasis on the inclusion of all learners irrespective of their special needs in mainstream schools, gained momentum in the South African context with the announcement of Education White Paper 6, Special Needs Education: Building an Inclusive Education and Training system. More learners with FAS are accommodated in mainstream schools and research has indicated that most cases of FAS in the world prevailed in the Western Cape. FAS is one of the leading causes of mental retardation and the challenges which the inclusion of learners with FAS pose to those who have to facilitate inclusive education, has urged this study. The study seeks to explore the role of the Educational Psychologist in the process of facilitating inclusion of a learner with FAS. An eco-systemic approach underpins the study. A single learner with FAS within the context of the family and education system was chosen by means of purposive sampling as the focus of a qualitative, case study. The eco-systemic approach makes it possible to explore special needs in terms of intrinsic factors (within the learner) and extrinsic factors (within the system) in order to address the needs of the system. Semistructured interviews were held with respondents from different levels of the eco-system in which the learner functions. A review of personal records and field notes were used to gather information related to the education and learning process. The data were analysed using aspects of content analyses. Four themes emerged: support to the learner, support to the school, support to the parents and support to the school community. The findings indicated that the inclusion of learners with FAS predicts a change and an expansion in the role of the educational psychologist. Early identification, early intervention and a multi-functional team approach seem to improve the long-term prognoses of learners with FAS. The facilitation of inclusive education for learners with FAS poses a challenge to the educational psychologist to render individual support, but also to provide support in a holistic systemic manner, focusing on those who work and live with the individual learners. The learning, behaviour and developmental barriers which learners with FAS may experience were highlighted with the hope to guide those who work with these learners. Several positive and negative factors were indicated and recommendations were made. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie fokus op die rol van die Opvoedkundige Sielkundige in die fasilitering van inklusiewe onderwys aan 'n leerder met Fetale Alkohol Sindroom (FAS). Die internasionale beweging na inklusiewe onderwys, wat die insluiting van alle leerders, ongeag hulle spesiale behoeftes, by hoofstroomskole onderskryf, het ook in Suid-Afrika neerslag gevind met die uitreiking van die Onderwys Witskrif 6, Special Needs Education: Building an Inclusive Education and Training System. Meer leerders met FAS word by hoofstroomskole ingesluit en navorsing het getoon dat die voorkomssyfer van FAS in die Wes-Kaap die hoogste ter wêreld is. Die feit dat FAS tans een van die vernaamste oorsake van verstandelike gestremdheid is, en die uitdagings wat die insluiting van leerders met FAS aan diegene wat inklusiewe onderwys moet fasiliteer bied, het hierdie navorsingsondersoek genoop. Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n in diepte ondersoek te doen na die rol van die Opvoedkundige Sielkundige in die fasilitering van inklusiewe onderwys aan 'n leerder met FAS. 'n Ekosistemiese benadering het die teoretiese raamwerk van die studie gevorm. 'n Enkele leerder met FAS is binne die konteks van sy familie en die onderwyssisteem, met behulp van doelgerigte steekproefneming, gekies om die fokus van die kwalitatiewe gevallestudie te vorm. Die ekosistemiese benadering maak dit moontlik om spesiale behoeftes ten opsigte van faktore wat primêr by die leerder (intrinsiek) voorkom, sowel as faktore wat in die sisteem (ekstrinsiek) voorkom, te ondersoek en te verseker dat die behoeftes van die sisteem aangespreek word. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met respondente uit die verskillende vlakke van die ekosisteem waarbinne die leerder funksioneer. 'n Oorsig van persoonlike rekords en verslae asook veldnotas is gebruik om inligting oor die leerder, die onderrig en die leerposes te bekom. Inhouds-analise is gebruik om die data te analiseer. Vier temas het uit die data na vore gekom, naamlik: ondersteuning aan die leerder, ondersteuning aan die skool, ondersteuning aan die ouers en ondersteuning aan die skoolgemeenskap. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat die insluiting van 'n leerder met FAS 'n roluitbreiding en 'n veranderende rol vir die Opvoedkundige Sielkunde in die vooruitsig stel. Vroeë identifikasie, vroeë intervensie en 'n multi-funksionele spanbenadering kan die langtermyn prognose van leerders met FAS verbeter. Die rol wat die Opvoedkundige Sielkundige op die verskillende vlakke van die ekosisteem kan speel, ten einde inklusiewe onderwys aan 'n leerder met FAS te fasiliteer, lê opgesluit in die mate waarin geïndividualiseerde, maar tog ook holisties omvattende ondersteuning aan diegene wat met hierdie leerders werk, gelewer kan word. Uit die bevindinge het suksesvolle en minder suksesvolle aspekte duidelik geword. Dit het daartoe bygedra dat die leer-, gedrag- en ontwikkelingshindernisse, sowel as die sterkpunte van die leerder met FAS, duidelik geword het en wenke vir toekomstige gebruik verbesonder kon word. Op grond van die bevindinge en aan die hand van literatuur is aanbevelings gemaak.

One hundred persons applying for services with the Texas Rehabilitation Commission with reported disabilities of alcohol/substance abuse or back injury/pain were selected for study. Subjects were assigned to two groups (alcohol or back) according to their reported disability. They were tested within one week of application and after 60 days were checked to see what rehabilitation status they were in to determine success or failure. Alcohol clients were administered the Health Attribution Test (HAT), 16PF, and an Alcohol Imagery questionnaire developed for this study. Back clients were administered the HAT, 16PF, and Pain Drawings. Statistical procedures including Pearson correlation, stepwise discriminant analysis, and discriminant analysis were performed. The HAT Internal Factor showed a significant relationship to rehabilitation success or failure and the 16PF motivation indices approached significance. The discriminant analysis demonstrated that success or failure could be predicted at a significant level using these measures. Issues of practicality in using these instruments (particularly imagery measures) in a rehabilitation counseling practice were noted.

8 HANZLOVSKÝ, Michal. Vplyv užívania psychoaktívnych látok na pracovné správanie : psychická vulnerabilita k alkoholovej závislosti u manažérov. Diplomová práca. Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze. Filozofická fakulta. Katedra psychologie, 2011. 104 s. Vedúci diplomovej práce Doc. PhDr. Milan Rymeš, CSc. Abstract The presented thesis focuses on the topic of psychoactive substance addictions in terms of work and organisational psychology. Specifically, we introduce these issues of dependence with people in managerial positions, and their impact on work-related functions and leadership. Besides the principal clinical contexts of addictions as biopsychosocial issues, the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the problems of stress and mental vulnerability of managers to alcohol dependency with an emphasis to problems of alcohol at the workplace. The practical part of the paper presents a screening of alcohol abuse on the sample of Czech managers. Key words: alcohol, alcohol abuse, psychoactive substance, addiction, manager, stress, mental vulnerability

Bakgrund: Patienter med drog- och alkoholmissbruk riskerar många komplikationer till följd av missbruket. Missbruket leder till många dödsfall varje år och är en stor kostnad för samhället. Patienter med missbruksproblematik upplever att de behandlas orättvist i omvårdnaden. Sjuksköterskor anser att omvårdnaden av den här patientgruppen är komplex. Syfte: Syftet är att sammanställa forskning om sjuksköterskors inställning och upplevelser av att vårda patienter med drog- och alkoholmissbruk inom både somatisk och psykiatrisk vård. Metod: En litteraturstudie, med 16 vetenskapliga artiklar, 12 med kvalitativ metod och fyra med kvantitativ metod. Resultat: Resultatet presenterades i olika kategorier som var: ”Att vara osäker”, ”Att känna sig otillräcklig”, ”Att känna sig inkompetent i sin roll”, ”Att kommunicera med patienten” samt ”Att vara ensam eller i team”. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde svårigheter i omvårdnaden med den här patientgruppen. Kunskapsbrist beskrevs i samband med omvårdnaden samt känslor som ångest och stress. En del relationer mellan sjuksköterska och patient baserades på misstro och några sjuksköterskor uttryckte en vilja att förbättra omvårdnaden med den här patientgruppen. Slutsats: Utifrån denna litteraturstudie kan slutsatsen dras att sjuksköterskor kan uppleva brister i omvårdnaden av patienter med drog- och alkoholmissbruk. Bristerna visar sig genom osäkerhet, otillräcklighet, känsla av inkompetens, i kommunikationen med patienten och samverkan i teamet. Utbildning, kunskap, samverkan och engagemang visar sig vara viktiga faktorer som kan påverka kvaliteten på omvårdnaden av den här patientgruppen. Det innebär således att det finns ytterligare behov av att utveckla både kunskapsläget och rutinerna när det kommer till denna typ av vård. / Background: Patients with drug- and alcohol abuse risk various complications related to the misuse. Drug- and alcohol abuse leads to a high yearly rate of death and an important social cost. Patients with drug- and alcohol abuse experience that they are treated unfairly in the care. Nurses consider the nursing care of this patient group to be complex. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences in the care for patients with drug- and alcohol abuse, both in somatic and psychiatric wards. Method: A literature review including 16 scientific articles, 12 with qualitative method, 4 with quantitative method. Results: The result is presented in different themes: “To be unsure”, “To feel inadequate”, “To feel incompetent”, “To communicate with the patient” and “To work alone vs in a team”. The nurses experienced difficulties in the care. A lack of knowledge was described and also emotions like anxiety and stress. Many relationships were based on distrust. Some of the nurses expressed a will to ameliorate the care for this patient group. Conclusion: The conclusion of this literature review is that nurses can experience deficits in the care of patients with drug- and alcohol abuse. The deficits manifest through insecurity, insufficiency, a sense of incapacity, in the communication with the patient and in the interplay inside the team. Education, knowledge, teamwork and commitment show to be important factors that can affect the quality of the care for this patient group. This implies that there are additional needs to evolve the knowledge and routines concerning this type of care.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur socialarbetares arbete med klienter som harmissbruksproblematik ser ut. I studien används kvalitativ metod för att uppnå syftet genom attintervjua sju verksamma socialarbetare med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer.Socialarbetare berättar om sina upplevelser av arbetet och beskriver bland annat hur detformella arbetet ser ut, men redogör även för samverkan med andra aktörer samt deras syn påmissbruk, förhållningssätt gentemot klienter med mera. Intervjuerna har transkriberats ochanalyserats med hjälp av relevant forskning och teorier. Teorierna som tillämpas är Honnethsteori om erkännande, nyinstitutionell teori samt Goffmans teori om intrycksstyrning. Studiensresultat visar att de organisatoriska förutsättningarna och villkoren ser liknande ut försocialarbetare mellan de ingående kommuner. Det förekommer dock skillnader gällandeuppföljning och utvärdering av insatser. Vidare har majoriteten av intervjuade socialarbetareen bred och nyanserad bild av missbruksproblematiken och dess orsaker. Majoriteten menaratt psykisk ohälsa kan vara den största orsaken till missbruk. Det påpekas även brister isamverkan, vilket socialarbetare menar behöver åtgärdas. Vidare påvisar studiens resultat ettvisst mönster gällande kommunernas storlek och styrningen av arbetet. I de mindrekommunerna förekommer det tätare kontakt med klienter och det administrativa arbetetdominerar inte det dagliga arbetet i samma utsträckning som i den kommunen som är störsttill storlek. / The aim of this study is to examine how social workers' work with clients with substanceabuse. Qualitative methods are used to achieve the purpose of the study, by interviewingseven active social workers with the help of semi-structured interviews. Social workers talkabout their experiences of the work and describe for instance how the formal work looks like,but also report on cooperation with other authorities, their views on alcohol and-drug abuse,their attitudes towards the client etcetera. The interviews have been transcribed and analysedusing Honneths theory of recognition, the New Institutional theory and Goffman's theory ofimpression management. The conclusion of the study is for example that the organizationalconditions are similar in all municipalities. However, there are differences regardingmonitoring and evaluation of interventions. Furthermore, the majority of interviewed socialworkers have extended view of the substance abuse problem and its causes. The majoritybelieve that mental illness can be the main cause of alcohol and-drug abuse. Weaknesses incooperation with other authorities are also pointed out, which social workers mean need to beimproved. The study's results demonstrate a certain pattern regarding the size of themunicipalities and the prevailing work management. In the smaller municipalities, there ismore frequent contact with clients and the administrative work does not dominate the dailywork to the same extent as in the municipality that is the largest in size.

Studiens syfte var att synliggöra vuxna barns upplevelser av att växa upp med alkoholmissbrukande föräldrar och hur socialtjänsten fanns eller inte fanns som ett stöd under dessa förhållanden. I studien genomfördes fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med vuxna personer som växte upp med föräldrar med alkoholmissbruk och som hade haft kontakt med socialtjänsten. Studiens resultat analyserades med hjälp av Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska modell, barndomssociologiska begreppen föräldrafiering samt being och becoming och stigmatisering. Studiens huvudresultat belyser att samtliga intervjupersoner påverkades negativt av föräldrarnas alkoholmissbruk. De flesta intervjupersoner upplevde att de behövde ta ett stort ansvar i hemmet och hålla alkoholmissbruket som en familjehemlighet. Resultaten visade att samtliga deltagande var missnöjda med socialtjänstens stöd, exempelvis genom att de inte blev bemötta på ett barns nivå. Ingen familj blev erbjuden familjeorienterade insatser. / The aim of the study was to highlight the experiences of adult children of growing up with alcohol-abusive parents and how the social services were to any support under these circumstances. In the study four qualitative interviews were conducted with adults who grew up with parents with alcohol abuse and who had contact with the social services. The study's results were analyzed by Bronfenbrenner's development ecological model, childhood sociology concepts parentification, being and becoming and the concept stigmatization. The main results of the study, highlights that all interviewees were affected negatively by the parents' alcohol abuse. Most of the interviewees felt that they needed to take great responsibility at home and keep the alcohol abuse as a family secret. The results showed that all participants were displeased with the social services support, for example by not being treated at a child´s level. None of the families were offered family-oriented support.

Tidigare forskning gällande barn som vuxit upp med föräldrar med psykisk sjukdom/ohälsa eller missbruksproblematik har till stor del fokuserat på negativa aspekter. Syftet med denna studie var att genom fyra självbiografier undersöka individuella faktorer som kan bidra till en positiv utveckling, hos barn som vuxit upp med någon vuxen med psykisk sjukdom och/eller alkoholmissbruk. Studiens frågeställningar rörde vilka individuella egenskaper som bidragit till välmående i vuxenlivet, om några av dessa är gemensamma mellan författarna samt minnen från barndomen som kan relateras till anknytning. Studiens teoretiska grund bestod av anknytningsteori samt resiliens, för att undersöka anknytningens betydelse för dessa barn samt hur motståndskraft kan utvecklas hos dessa barn enligt teori och forskning. Studiens resultat visade på flertalet individuella och gemensamma faktorer hos författarna samt de minnen som kunde relateras till anknytning. Resultatet analyserades genom tematisk analys, vilket härledde 4 teman: skyddsnät, anknytning, individens karaktär samt strategier för att överleva. / Previous research about children who have grown up with parents with mental illness and/or abuse has largely focused on negative aspects. The aim of this study was to through four autobiographies, examine individual factors that can contribute to a positive development, in children who have grown up with any adult with mental illness and / or alcohol abuse. The questions of the study concerned which individual characteristics contributed to well-being in adulthood, if some of these are common between the authors and memories of childhood that can be related to attachment. The theoretical foundation of the study consisted of attachment theory and resilience, in order to investigate the importance of the attachment for the children and how resistance can be developed in these children according to theory and research. The results of the study showed the majority of individual and common factors among the authors and the memories that could be related to the connection. The results were analyzed by thematic analysis, which derived 4 themes: safety net, connection, individual character and strategies for survival.

Enligt forskning ökar alkoholkonsumtionen bland personer som är 65 år och äldre. Detta antas innebära att hemtjänstpersonal kommer att stöta på alkoholberoende allt oftare i arbetet. Syftet med denna studie är att bidra till en ökad kunskap om hur arbetet kring äldre vårdtagare med problematisk alkoholkonsumtion bedrivs inom hemtjänsten. Som teoretisk grund för studien användes makt, ålderism, synen på människan som objekt/subjekt samt synsätt på alkoholmissbruk. En kvalitativ metod bestående av åtta intervjuer med hemtjänstpersonal genomfördes. Resultatet visar att respondenterna tycker det är viktigt att vara värderingsfri i arbetet. De beaktar även vårdtagarnas rätt till privatliv. Enligt socialtjänstlagen ska verksamheter inom socialt arbete bygga på respekt för människors självbestämmanderätt och integritet, något som respondenterna beaktar i sitt arbete. Svårigheter som respondenterna stöter på i arbetet löser de bland annat genom att diskutera med kollegor, något som nämndes som strategier. Det framkom också att respondenterna anser att de ibland inte har de förutsättningar som krävs för att möta den berörda gruppen. / According to research, alcohol consumption among people aged 65 and over increases. This is supposed to mean that homecare staff will encounter alcohol addiction more and more frequently at work. The purpose of this study is to contribute to an increased knowledge of how work on elderly patients with problematic alcohol consumption is conducted within homecare. As a theoretical basis for the study, power, ageism, the view of man as object / subject, and approach to alcohol abuse were used. A qualitative method consisting of eight interviews with homecare staff was conducted. The result shows that the respondents find it important to be value-free at work. They also take into account the patients’ right to privacy. According to the Social Services Act, activities within social work must be based on respect for people's self-determination and integrity, something that the respondents consider in their work. Difficulties encountered by the respondents in the work are solved, among other things, by discussing with colleagues, something that was mentioned as strategies. It also emerged that the respondents believe that they sometimes don’t have the conditions required to meet the relevant group.