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Urban Resiliens : Narrativets betydelse för urban resiliens i globala nord och globala syd / Urban Resilience : – The narratives impact on urban resilience in the global north and global southJohansson, Malin January 2024 (has links)
Amsterdam and Dhaka are two cities that represent the global north and the global south respectively. Both cities are, because of climate change, prone to heavy rain that can lead to flooding. Due to the fact that global north and global south are facing different challenges when it comes to implementing urban resilience, in combination with lack understanding of how policy of urban resilience is created, it leads to question if the global north and global south differ regarding their understanding of urban resilience. The purpose of this study was therefore to compare narratives of urban resilience in Amsterdam and Dhaka to explore if the understanding of urban resilience in various documents differ between the global north and global south. Therefore, the study aimed to provide an understanding of whether who describes urban resilience is important for how urban resilience is presented. This study applied socio-ecological theory to explain whether the strategies implemented can be characterized as transformative or adaptive approach to urban resilience. Further, the study was conducted using qualitative narrative analysis. Finally, this study shows that narrative of urban resilience differs between Amsterdam and Dhaka, which indicates that the narrator has an impact on the presentation of urban resilience. The study also shows that narrative of urban resilience has an impact on which strategies are employed. Finally, power also plays an important role in crisis management.
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A kinetic model of glucose catabolism in Plasmodium falciparumPenkler, Gerald Patrick 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Malaria infects over 200 million individuals and leads to the death of over 600
000 people annually. Currently artemisinin combination therapy treatments
are effective in treating the disease, but resistance has started to emerge in
Cambodia and it is suspected in parts of Vietnam. To maintain the drive to
eradicate malaria globally, a great deal of research is aimed at identifying novel
prevention strategies, vaccines and antimalarial compounds.
Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly of the malaria parasites, is entirely
dependent on glycolysis for ATP. Several of the enzymes within this pathway
have been proposed as drug targets and studied in isolation, but the pathway
as a whole has not been considered. In this study we employ a bottom up
approach for drug target identification in P. falciparum glycolysis. In this thesis we present the biochemical characterisation each of the glycolytic
enzymes in P. falciparum trophozoites. The kinetic rate equations, which described
the kinetic behaviour of the individual enzymes, were incorporated
into a kinetic model. The unfitted model was validated in its ability to predict
experimentally measured steady state metabolite concentrations and fluxes as
well as the experimental inhibition of the glucose transporter.
The validated model provided a tool for drug target identification in P. falciparum
glycolysis. Metabolic control analysis and differential control analysis
identified the glucose transporter, PfHT1, as a drug target based on its high
control of glycolytic flux in the parasite, but low control of flux in the host
erythrocyte. This differential control makes the transporter an attractive drug
target, as even if both the erythrocyte and parasite glucose transporters are
inhibited to the same degree, it is expected that the parasite glycolytic flux
would be inhibited to a much greater degree.
To demonstrate the differential control of the glucose transporter on the flux
and provide further evidence that PfHT1 is an attractive drug target, we investigated
the inhibition of the glucose transporter in isolated trophozoites by
cytochalasin B. We also measured the inhibition of lactate production flux by
cytochalasin B in both isolated P. falciparum trophozoites as well as in erythrocytes.
Our findings demonstrated that differential control analysis can be
used as a tool for drug target identification and that PfHT1 is an attractive
drug target.
In this study the fields of biochemistry and systems biology were merged to
create a detailed kinetic model of asexual P. falciparum glycolysis and identify
several drug targets in the pathway. The model prediction and experimental
evidence of differential flux control of the glucose transporter in the host and
parasite, has highlighted PfHT1 as a drug target and also demonstrates the
strength of differential control analysis in identifying drug targets within a
system. The kinetic model is a valuable tool for furthering our understanding
of P. falciparum glycolysis and it provides a good foundation for expansion to
identify drug targets in the entire central carbon metabolism of P. falciparum. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Malaria infekteer meer as 200 miljoen mense en veroorsaak jaarliks tot 600 000
sterftes. Tans is die artemisinien-kombinasieterapie effektief in die bestryding
van die siekte, maar weerstandbiedendheid van die parasiet teen die middel
blyk reeds ’n merkbare effek in Kambodja en vermoedelik ook in dele van Viëtnam
te hê. Om ’n wêreldwye bestryding van malaria moontlik te maak, is
’n groot deel van die huidige navorsing gemik op die identifisering van nuwe
voorkomingsstrategieë, entstowwe en malariateenmiddels.
Plasmodium falciparum, die dodelikste van die malaria-parasiete, is geheel
en al afhanklik van glikolise vir ATP vorming. Verskeie van die ensieme in
hierdie metaboliese pad is as teenmiddelteikens voorgestel, en in isolasie bestudeer,
maar die pad as ’n geheel is nie bestudeer nie. In hierdie studie het ons ’n ’bottom-up’ benadering vir teenmiddel teikenidentifisering in P. falciparum
glikolise gebruik.
In hierdie tesis bied ons die biochemiese karakterisering van elk van die glikolitiese
ensieme in P. falciparum trofozoïete aan. Die kinetiese vergelykings
wat die kinetiese gedrag van die individuele ensieme beskryf, is geintegreer in
’n enkele kinetiese model. Die model waarop geen datapassing toegepas is nie,
is gevalideer om eksperimenteel bepaalde bestendige-toestand metabolietkonsentrasies
en fluksiewaardes, asook die eksperimentele inhibisie van die glukose
transporter, te voorspel.
Die gevalideerde model verskaf ’n bykomende hulpmiddel om teenmiddelteikens
te identifiseer in P. falciparum glikolise. Metaboliese kontrole-analise en
differensiële kontrole-analise het die glukose transporter, PfHT1, as ’n teenmiddelteiken
geïdentifiseer, gebaseer op sy hoë kontrole van glikolitiese fluksie
in die parasiet, tesame met ’n lae beheer van die glukose transporter op die
fluksie in die gasheer eritrosiet. Dié differensiële kontrole maak die glukose
transporter ’n aantreklike teenmiddelteiken, want selfs as beide die eritrosiet
en die parasiet glukose transporters tot dieselfde mate geïnhibeer word, sal dit
steeds ’n hoër glikolietiese fluksieinhibisie van die parasiet tot gevolg hê.
Om die differensiële kontrole van die glukose transporter op die fluks te demonstreer
en verdere bewyse te lewer dat PfHT1 ’n teenmiddelteiken kan wees,
het ons die inhibisie van die glukosetransporter in geïsoleerde trofozoïete deur
sitokalasien B ondersoek. Ons het ook die inhibisie van die laktaatproduksiefluksie
deur sitokalasien B in beide geïsoleerde P. falciparum trofozoïete sowel
as in eritrosiete ondersoek. Ons bevindings bewys dat differensiële kontroleanalise
as ’n hulpmiddel vir teenmiddelteikenidentifikasie gebruik kan word en
dat PfHT1 ’n aantreklike teenmiddelteiken is.
In hierdie studie is die velde van biochemie en sisteembiologie gekombineer om
’n gedetaileerde kinetiese model van ongeslagtelike P. falciparum glikolise te
konstueer en verskeie teenmiddelteikens in die metaboliese pad te identifiseer.
Die modelvoorspelling sowel as eksperimentele bewyse van die differensiële
flukskontrole van die glukose transporter in die gasheer en parasiet het PfHT1 uitgelig as ’n teenmiddelteiken en demonstreer ook die krag van differensiële
kontrole analise in die identifisering van teenmiddelteikens binne ’n biologiese
stelsel. Die kinetiese model is ’n waardevolle hulpmiddel vir die bevordering
van ons begrip van P. falciparum glikolise en dit bied ’n goeie basis vir uitbreiding
om teenmiddelteikens in die hele sentrale koolstofmetabolisme van P.
falciparum te identifiseer.
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Sustainability of Urban Agriculture: a comparison of Dakar and AmsterdamOost, Franciene January 2013 (has links)
This paper discusses urban agriculture in Dakar and Amsterdam and its contribution to urban sustainability. Therefore, it establishes an operational definition of urban sustainability, which is comprised of economic, social and environmental dimensions. It gives an insight in urban agriculture in both cities, and it analyzes its contribution to urban sustainability by examining the economic, social and environmental issues which are related to urban farming. Furthermore, it gives an insight in the differences of urban agriculture in the global South and the global North. Its findings suggest that although urban agriculture has potential for creating more sustainable cities, there are several constraints which need to be overcome. Keywords: Urban agriculture, urban sustainability, global South, global North, Dakar, Amsterdam
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Die rol van briewe in Etienne van Heerden se In stede van die liefde en 30 nagte in AmsterdamBotha, Frederick Johannes 23 June 2014 (has links)
M.A. (Afrikaans) / This study explores the nature, role and function of letters (i.e. epistolary communication) in Etienne van Heerden’s novels, In stede van die liefde (In love’s place) (2005) and 30 nagte in Amsterdam (30 nights in Amsterdam) (2008). Existing theoretical insights into the so-called epistolary novel (novel of letters), as well as the role of letters in literary texts, are used as point of departure for an in-depth analysis of each novel. Botha (1987:149) defines the epistolary novel as “a novel consisting entirely or in part of letters, diary fragments or other relevant documentation, while a foreword and/or conclusion by a fictional editor/publisher can also be included” (my translation – FB). Though neither In stede van die liefde and 30 nagte in Amsterdam at first sight seem to be epistolary novels, both meet with the requirements of Botha’s (1987:149) definition in the sense that they partly consist of letters. Botha’s (1987:149) definition also contains no specific indication of exactly how many letters or diary fragments a novel should include to be considered an epistolary novel. From a study of the letters in Van Heerden’s novels it becomes evident that In stede van die liefde and 30 nagte in Amsterdam do not display all the features of the epistolary novel. Some defining characteristics are deliberately deviated from or undermined, while other characteristics are identified in the novels that serve as supplement to existing theoretical approaches to the epistolary novel. In both novels, for example, letters function as catalysts for action, while they are sometimes used as part of the narration or to expose the inner life (thoughts) of characters. In addition letters are also used to provide background information and to act as historical documents. Among other things, it is indicated that most of the letters in In stede van die liefde and 30 nagte in Amsterdam do in fact not fulfil the traditional purpose of letters, as two-way communication is not established in all of them. It can justifiably be argued, therefore, that letters rather reveal something more symbolic about the psyche of the characters who act as letter writers in the novels. A textual analysis of the two Van Heerden novels clearly indicates that both In stede van die liefde and 30 nagte in Amsterdam should be considered innovative with regard to the use of letters. The complexity, richness and literary quality of these novels require many different interpretations, however, with the investigation into the role of letters as only one possible way in which insight can be obtained into these impressive literary achievements.
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Srovnání MHD ve vybraných evropských městech se zaměřením na využití jednotlivých dopravních prostředků / : Comparison of Public Transport in selected European cities, oriented towards exploitation of individual means of transportMašatová, Anna January 2010 (has links)
The subject matter of the theoretical part is the description of city public transport and its history, priorities used in public transport, tariffs and spatial distribution as well as integrated transport systems and vehicles used in public transport. The aim of the practical part is to closely examine public transport systems of individual cities, confront it from several points of view taking into consideration the exploitation and distribution of lines for different means of transport (tram, bus, trolleybus, metro). The cities investigated are Prague, Amsterdam and Budapest.
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The qualities and significance of documentationDekker, Annet, Giannachi, Gabriella 30 June 2023 (has links)
Documentation is usually regarded as an art project’s remain or trace that is created and used in different ways. In performance and digital art, documentation has become the focus of conservation and presentation strategies; however, there is a lack of standardized methods on how to make effective use of the different types of documentation. Using case studies from their own collections/practices, LIMA in Amsterdam, in collaboration with Tate and various artists / initiatives, in June 2020 organized a series of workshops to identify a typological framework of documentation. Specific attention was paid to performative installations, performance art in the museum, networked and research-based art projects.
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Investicijų į Vilniaus biuro paskirties nekilnojamąjį turtą tyrimas / Study of Investments in the Office Real Estate of VilniusKiaušaitė, Justina 23 January 2014 (has links)
Baigiamojo magistro darbo tyrimo objektas – investicijos į Vilniaus biurų rinką. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas yra atlikti investicijų į Vilniaus biuro paskirties nekilnojamąjį turtą tyrimą. Baigiamąjį magistro darbą sudaro trys pagrindiniai skyriai. Pirmame skyriuje analizuojama įvairi literatūra ir moksliniai straipsniai apie biuro paskirties nekilnojamąjį turtą, investicijas į nekilnojamąjį turtą ir biurus, biurų plėtros tendencijas, Vilniaus investicinį potencialą ir biurų rinkos analizę. Antrame skyriuje atliekamas Vilniaus ir Amsterdamo biurų rinkos palyginimas. Trečiame skyriuje atliekama investicijų į Vilniaus biuro paskirties nekilnojamąjį turtą PĮSETA analizė. Darbo pabaigoje padaromos darbą apibendrinančios išvados ir pateikiami pasiūlymai. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad Vilniaus biurų rinka neišnaudoja savo potencialo ir dabartinė plėtra yra tikslinga. Darbo apimtis yra 70 psl. be priedų, 20 paveikslų, 6 lentelės, 85 bibliografiniai šaltiniai ir 1 priedas. / Object of the final master thesis is investments in the office market of Vilnius. The aim of work is to make a study of investments in the office real estate of Vilnius. The master thesis consists of three main chapters. Different literature and scientific articles about the office real estate, investments in real estate and offices, development tendencies of offices, investment potential of Vilnius and office market analysys are analyzed in the first chapter. Office market comparison of Vilnius and Amsterdam is fulfiled in the second chapter. PESTEL analysis of investments in the office real estate of Vilnius is done in the third chapter. Conclusions and proposals that summarize the work are made in the end. The results showed that potential of office market of Vilnius is not used and current development is expedient. Scope of the work is 70 pages without appendices, 20 figures, 6 tables, 85 sources of literature and 1 appendix.
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Expoentes mercantis e dinâmica de negócios: a família Dias de Milão (1580-1624) / Exponents market and business dynamics: the family Dias of Milan (1580-1624)Ricardo, Silvia Carvalho 28 August 2014 (has links)
A expansão marítima dos séculos XV e XVI reconfigurou as atividades mercantis na Europa e levou a difusão dos centros de comércio e das fontes de mercadorias em novas praças na Ásia, na América e na África. O trato transcontinental e as finanças, que ganharam complexidade, concretizaram-se nas relações entre as redes de comércio com atuação global. Portugal foi o nascedouro de grande parte dessas redes familiares que se multiplicaram e passaram a ter negócios em todas as frentes do trato colonial. No início do século XVII, os grandes cabedais lusos transferiram-se para Amsterdã e Hamburgo. Famílias cristãs-novas destacaram-se no trato mercantil, entre elas a dos Dias de Milão perseguida e presa pela Inquisição , que reapareceu em Amsterdã e Hamburgo com grande atuação no comércio internacional / The maritime expansion that occurred during the XV and XVI centuries reconfigured the mercantile activities in Europe and led to the dissemination of commercial centers and sources of commodities on new places of Asia, America and Africa. The transcontinental treat and finances gained complexity that substantiated itself in global trade networks. Portugal was the incubator of a great deal of those multiplying family networks that started to have businesses in all fronts of the colonial treat. At the beginning of the XVII century, the great Portuguese estates were transferred to Amsterdam and Hamburg. New-Christian families had significant importance in commercial dealings, among them the Dias de Milão family, persecuted and arrested by the Inquisition that reappeared in Amsterdam and Hamburg with great outwork on international commerce
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an architecture of daily life: the continuing evolution of Toronto's residential fabricVermeulen, Stephanie January 2006 (has links)
This thesis envisions a new way of living in the city of Toronto. It is a vision that evolves not from the ideologies on which Toronto was founded, set out over 100 years ago when all multi-family dwellings were called tenements and tenements were considered, among other things, immoral. Instead, it is a vision founded on a city that has seen immense change over the last century, and faces an even greater rate of change over the next. Our city prides itself on its cultural and social diversity, yet, architecturally, we still struggle to adapt within a fabric of single-family homes. The Dutch provide an edifying example of an architecture of daily life, embodied by their attitude toward issues of privacy, toward traffic, toward work and play. Based on a case study of housing in the Netherlands, a country that has successfully and creatively adapted to the demands of housing in a climate of rapid immigration and a diversifying population, this thesis proposes new, high density urban housing typologies for the city of Toronto. This new vision for the city serves not only to add the necessary density to our existing neighbourhoods, but to foster a strong community life and to provoke new ideas about urban living.
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an architecture of daily life: the continuing evolution of Toronto's residential fabricVermeulen, Stephanie January 2006 (has links)
This thesis envisions a new way of living in the city of Toronto. It is a vision that evolves not from the ideologies on which Toronto was founded, set out over 100 years ago when all multi-family dwellings were called tenements and tenements were considered, among other things, immoral. Instead, it is a vision founded on a city that has seen immense change over the last century, and faces an even greater rate of change over the next. Our city prides itself on its cultural and social diversity, yet, architecturally, we still struggle to adapt within a fabric of single-family homes. The Dutch provide an edifying example of an architecture of daily life, embodied by their attitude toward issues of privacy, toward traffic, toward work and play. Based on a case study of housing in the Netherlands, a country that has successfully and creatively adapted to the demands of housing in a climate of rapid immigration and a diversifying population, this thesis proposes new, high density urban housing typologies for the city of Toronto. This new vision for the city serves not only to add the necessary density to our existing neighbourhoods, but to foster a strong community life and to provoke new ideas about urban living.
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