L’objet de la thèse est l’étude des fonctions de mentor exercées par les maîtres d’apprentissage du secteur artisanal. Cette question répond aux difficultés rencontrées par les dirigeants de TPE à fidéliser les nouveaux collaborateurs formés en apprentissage dans un secteur confronté à une pénurie structurelle de main d’œuvre qualifiée. À partir de la théorie de l’échange social, la thèse se focalise sur les effets du mentorat sur l’intention de quitter. Deux mécanismes ont été identifiés et explorés empiriquement : le mécanisme de clarification des valeurs et le mécanisme médiateur d’engagement. Ce double mécanisme opérant à la fois aux niveaux organisationnel et occupationnel a permis de saisir suivant quelles modalités les fonctions de mentorat, en particulier l’activité de role model, influencent positivement la rétention des apprentis à court terme dans l’entreprise et à long terme dans le métier. 230 apprentis des compagnons du devoir ont été interrogés par questionnaires, 6 mois après leur entrée en entreprise. Les données ainsi recueillies ont fait l’objet d’un traitement statistique par la méthode des équations structurelles / The purpose of this thesis is to study the mentoring functions exercised by apprenticeship masters in the craft industry. This issue echoes the difficulties small business leaders may have to retain new staff trained through apprenticeship in a trade suffering from a structural shortage of qualified workforce. Drawing on social exchange theory, this thesis focuses on the impact of mentoring on the intent to leave. Two mechanisms have been identified and empirically explored: the values clarity mechanism and the mediating commitment mechanism. This double mechanism, operating on both the organizational and occupational level, was instrumental in the understanding of how mentoring functions, and the role model activity in particular, have a positive impact on short-term apprentice retention in the business, and long-term retention in the profession. 230 French Compagnons apprentices have been interviewed with questionnaires after 6 months in the business. The collected data has been processed statistically using the structural equation modeling approach

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese objetiva estudar o encontro dos jovens com o mundo do trabalho a partir de sua passagem por um programa de aprendizes em uma grande empresa privada brasileira com sede no Rio de Janeiro. Fazem parte do programa de aprendizes dessa empresa jovens entre 15 e 21 anos de ambos os sexos que moram em regiões diferentes do Estado, em geral na Baixada Fluminense ou em favelas cariocas pertencentes a famílias de baixa renda. Busca-se refletir sobre as questões que emergem no encontro dos jovens com o universo organizacional assim como compreender os significados concedidos por eles ao trabalho no que se refere às suas expectativas de futuro e aos seus projetos de vida. Parte-se da compreensão de que vivenciamos um momento de crise no qual toda a sociedade vem sofrendo profundas transformações com impactos diversos para os sujeitos contemporâneos e para a produção de subjetividades. A juventude, em especial, vem sendo atingida diretamente por esse cenário fazendo com que a passagem para a vida adulta seja um desafio. Nesse sentido, o governo brasileiro vem desenvolvendo políticas públicas voltadas para a juventude, dentre as quais a Lei de Aprendizagem faz parte. Esta foi criada pelo Ministério do Trabalho e do Emprego visando apoiar o jovem em sua inserção no mercado de trabalho e estabelece que organizações tanto públicas quanto privadas devem contratar obrigatoriamente um percentual de moças e rapazes entre 14 e 24 anos em regime especial de aprendizagem para conceder-lhes formação técnico-profissional. Para alcance dos objetivos da tese, foi realizada ampla pesquisa qualitativa de campo ao longo dos anos de 2010 e 2011 na qual foram utilizados instrumentos diversos para a coleta de dados: entrevistas individuais, focus group, observações e intervenções de campo que se concentraram na seleção dos aprendizes, em algumas ações de treinamento pelo qual passaram e no seu dia a dia de aprendizado na empresa. Os dados mais significativos coletados em campo foram analisados a partir de referências teórico-bibliográficas da Psicologia e de outras áreas de saber das Ciências Humanas e Sociais que dessem suporte à sua compreensão. Como alguns dos principais resultados obtidos na pesquisa, pode-se destacar que a ocupação profissional para a qual os jovens são preparados durante sua formação no programa de aprendizado não está necessariamente vinculada aos desejos de carreira que possuem para seu futuro. Os projetos de vida que denotam a busca por estabilidade são pautados em carreiras que requerem a realização do ensino superior. O encontro dos jovens com o universo da empresa não é simples, requer a aprendizagem de formas de falar e de se portar que são bem-vindas ou não. São essas formas de saber assim como o sentido de responsabilidade que ganham ao terem tarefas a realizar os principais aprendizados que os jovens carregam da experiência vivida. Por outro lado, a empresa ainda possui dificuldades para lidar com esses jovens percebendo-os a partir de estereótipos ligados às suas origens socioeconômicas que acabam por gerar mecanismos de desenvolvimento com teor civilizatório. / This thesis aims to study the encounter of youngsters with the world of work from their passage through an apprenticeship program in a large Brazilian private company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. Took part of the apprenticeship program from this company youngsters aged 15 to 21 years old of both sexes living in different regions of the state, usually in Baixada Fluminense or in Rio de Janeiro's favelas (slums). It is an objective to reflect on the issues that emerge in the encounter of young people with the organizational universe as well as understanding the meanings given by them to work in relation to their expectations for the future and their life projects. It starts with the understanding that we experience a moment of crisis in which the whole society is undergoing profound changes with many impacts to contemporary subjects and for the production of subjectivities. The youth in particular has been hit directly by this scenario making that the transition to adulthood to be a challenge. In this sense, the Brazilian Government has been developing public policies for youth; among them is the Apprenticeship Law. This was established by the Ministry of Labor and Employment to support the youth in their integration into the labor market and states that both public and private organizations should hire a mandatory percentage of girls and boys between 14 and 24 years old under special learning regime to give them technical and professional training. To achieve the objectives of the thesis, it was conducted extensive qualitative field research over the years 2010 and 2011 in which several instruments were used for data collection: individual interviews, focus group, field observations and interventions that have focused on the selection of apprentices, in some training activities through which they passed, and in their everyday learning in the company. The most significant data collected in the field were analyzed from theoretical and bibliographic references of Psychology and other areas of knowledge from the Humanities and Social Sciences that supported their understanding. As some of the main results obtained in this research, it can be emphasized that the occupation for which young people are prepared during their training in the apprenticeship program is not necessarily linked to the career desire they have for their future. The life projects that show the search for stability are lined in careers that require the completion of higher education. The meeting of young people with the company universe is not simple, requires learning of ways of speaking and behaving that are welcome or not. These are the ways of "knowing-how" as well as the sense of responsibility that they earn along the tasks to achieve the key lessons that young people carry from the lived experience. Moreover, the company still has trouble dealing with these youngsters perceiving them from stereotypes linked to their socioeconomic backgrounds that end up generating mechanisms of development with "civilizational content.

Submitted by Maria Angelica Brizolari Pongeluppe null (angelicabrizolari@gmail.com) on 2016-10-05T18:07:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria A B Pongeluppe - Dissertação Mestrado.pdf: 1909580 bytes, checksum: e4b77b9300dc18fb42a7359decf84bd5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-05T18:29:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pongeluppe_mab_me_arafcl.pdf: 1909580 bytes, checksum: e4b77b9300dc18fb42a7359decf84bd5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T18:29:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pongeluppe_mab_me_arafcl.pdf: 1909580 bytes, checksum: e4b77b9300dc18fb42a7359decf84bd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-14 / As crianças, cada vez mais precocemente, são apresentadas aos diferentes recursos midiáticos e, através deles, vão adentrando num atraente mundo que lhes oferece um sem número de possibilidades de entretenimento. Realizada numa escola pública de educação infantil de um bairro periférico da cidade de Araraquara – SP, a presente pesquisa objetivou levantar a exposição das crianças de cinco/seis anos a tais recursos, quais reflexos esta exposição pode gerar no tocante à sexualidade desvelando as percepções da docente acerca dessas manifestações. Com âncora nas discussões provenientes dos Estudos Feministas e dos Estudos Culturais, numa perspectiva pós-estruturalista de análise, foi possível compreender, de forma mais ampla, o quanto as crianças dessa faixa etária estão submersas em tecnologias, como aparelhos de televisão e celulares com acesso à Internet, em detrimento de outros tipos de atividades, com a anuência dos pais. A partir da compreensão de que a linguagem é o centro para a significação do mundo, consideramos a perspectiva foucaultiana para a análise do trabalho. Para tanto, fizemos usos de elementos da etnografia para a coleta de dados – etnografia de tela, observação, entrevista e análise documental - e assim, foi possível constatar que os diferentes artefatos culturais, destinados ao público estudado, veiculados pela mídia, apesar de aparentemente inocentes, não são neutros em suas mensagens. São, de fato, cuidadosamente preparados de modo a imprimir nos/as pequenos/as comportamentos, falas e atitudes que os/as ensinam, de forma eficaz, a como serem homens e mulheres. Mensagens de cunho sexista, como estratégias de governamento, reforçam estereótipos de masculinidades e feminilidades que são incorporadas e foram externadas pela voz das crianças em diferentes momentos da presente pesquisa. Ficou evidente, no depoimento da professora, ao final deste trabalho, sua preocupação maior em observar as mensagens veiculadas pela mídia, antes não notadas por ela em suas particularidades, e sua mudança de concepção sobre o conceito de sexualidade e de educação sexual após participar da pesquisa. As análises da entrevista com citada profissional permitiram averiguar que, embora os/as educadores tenham dificuldades em tratar de questões ligadas à sexualidade dos/as alunos/as, as discussões sobre a temática ocorrem apenas em momentos de conversas informais entre eles/as, e não nos horários destinados à formação continuada. / Children increasingly earlier, are being presented to different media resources and, through them, they are entering into an attractive world that offers a multitude of entertainment possibilities. This study was held in a public kindergarten school in the city of Araraquara - Brazil. It aimed to check the level of exposure to such resources and what consequences these exposures can generate in relation to sexuality in children from five to six years. Based in discussions of feminist studies and cultural studies, in a post-structuralist analysis perspective, it was possible to understand, more broadly, how children of this age are immersed in technology, such as television and mobile phones with access to Internet, with the consent of the parents, instead of being doing other types of activities. From the understanding that language is central to the world, we considered Foucault's perspective for the analysis of this work. Therefore, we made use of ethnography elements for data collection - screen ethnography, observation, interviews and document analysis - and so, it was found that the different cultural artifacts directed to the studied public, conveyed by the media, although apparently innocent, are not neutral in their messages. They are, in fact, carefully prepared in order to show kids behavior, words and attitudes that teach them, effectively, how is to be men and women. The sexist nature of messages, with posture management strategies, reinforce stereotypes of masculinity and femininity which are incorporated and were expressed by the children at different moments in this study. It was evident in the teacher's testimony at the end of this work, her concern in observing the messages given by the media, thing that was not previously noted by her, and her changed view about the concept of sexuality and sexual education after participating in the research. The analysis of the interview with this tutor allowed to ascertain that while educators have difficulties in dealing with sexuality issues of the students, discussions about this matter occur only during informal conversations between them, and not during schooling time.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese objetiva estudar o encontro dos jovens com o mundo do trabalho a partir de sua passagem por um programa de aprendizes em uma grande empresa privada brasileira com sede no Rio de Janeiro. Fazem parte do programa de aprendizes dessa empresa jovens entre 15 e 21 anos de ambos os sexos que moram em regiões diferentes do Estado, em geral na Baixada Fluminense ou em favelas cariocas pertencentes a famílias de baixa renda. Busca-se refletir sobre as questões que emergem no encontro dos jovens com o universo organizacional assim como compreender os significados concedidos por eles ao trabalho no que se refere às suas expectativas de futuro e aos seus projetos de vida. Parte-se da compreensão de que vivenciamos um momento de crise no qual toda a sociedade vem sofrendo profundas transformações com impactos diversos para os sujeitos contemporâneos e para a produção de subjetividades. A juventude, em especial, vem sendo atingida diretamente por esse cenário fazendo com que a passagem para a vida adulta seja um desafio. Nesse sentido, o governo brasileiro vem desenvolvendo políticas públicas voltadas para a juventude, dentre as quais a Lei de Aprendizagem faz parte. Esta foi criada pelo Ministério do Trabalho e do Emprego visando apoiar o jovem em sua inserção no mercado de trabalho e estabelece que organizações tanto públicas quanto privadas devem contratar obrigatoriamente um percentual de moças e rapazes entre 14 e 24 anos em regime especial de aprendizagem para conceder-lhes formação técnico-profissional. Para alcance dos objetivos da tese, foi realizada ampla pesquisa qualitativa de campo ao longo dos anos de 2010 e 2011 na qual foram utilizados instrumentos diversos para a coleta de dados: entrevistas individuais, focus group, observações e intervenções de campo que se concentraram na seleção dos aprendizes, em algumas ações de treinamento pelo qual passaram e no seu dia a dia de aprendizado na empresa. Os dados mais significativos coletados em campo foram analisados a partir de referências teórico-bibliográficas da Psicologia e de outras áreas de saber das Ciências Humanas e Sociais que dessem suporte à sua compreensão. Como alguns dos principais resultados obtidos na pesquisa, pode-se destacar que a ocupação profissional para a qual os jovens são preparados durante sua formação no programa de aprendizado não está necessariamente vinculada aos desejos de carreira que possuem para seu futuro. Os projetos de vida que denotam a busca por estabilidade são pautados em carreiras que requerem a realização do ensino superior. O encontro dos jovens com o universo da empresa não é simples, requer a aprendizagem de formas de falar e de se portar que são bem-vindas ou não. São essas formas de saber assim como o sentido de responsabilidade que ganham ao terem tarefas a realizar os principais aprendizados que os jovens carregam da experiência vivida. Por outro lado, a empresa ainda possui dificuldades para lidar com esses jovens percebendo-os a partir de estereótipos ligados às suas origens socioeconômicas que acabam por gerar mecanismos de desenvolvimento com teor civilizatório. / This thesis aims to study the encounter of youngsters with the world of work from their passage through an apprenticeship program in a large Brazilian private company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. Took part of the apprenticeship program from this company youngsters aged 15 to 21 years old of both sexes living in different regions of the state, usually in Baixada Fluminense or in Rio de Janeiro's favelas (slums). It is an objective to reflect on the issues that emerge in the encounter of young people with the organizational universe as well as understanding the meanings given by them to work in relation to their expectations for the future and their life projects. It starts with the understanding that we experience a moment of crisis in which the whole society is undergoing profound changes with many impacts to contemporary subjects and for the production of subjectivities. The youth in particular has been hit directly by this scenario making that the transition to adulthood to be a challenge. In this sense, the Brazilian Government has been developing public policies for youth; among them is the Apprenticeship Law. This was established by the Ministry of Labor and Employment to support the youth in their integration into the labor market and states that both public and private organizations should hire a mandatory percentage of girls and boys between 14 and 24 years old under special learning regime to give them technical and professional training. To achieve the objectives of the thesis, it was conducted extensive qualitative field research over the years 2010 and 2011 in which several instruments were used for data collection: individual interviews, focus group, field observations and interventions that have focused on the selection of apprentices, in some training activities through which they passed, and in their everyday learning in the company. The most significant data collected in the field were analyzed from theoretical and bibliographic references of Psychology and other areas of knowledge from the Humanities and Social Sciences that supported their understanding. As some of the main results obtained in this research, it can be emphasized that the occupation for which young people are prepared during their training in the apprenticeship program is not necessarily linked to the career desire they have for their future. The life projects that show the search for stability are lined in careers that require the completion of higher education. The meeting of young people with the company universe is not simple, requires learning of ways of speaking and behaving that are welcome or not. These are the ways of "knowing-how" as well as the sense of responsibility that they earn along the tasks to achieve the key lessons that young people carry from the lived experience. Moreover, the company still has trouble dealing with these youngsters perceiving them from stereotypes linked to their socioeconomic backgrounds that end up generating mechanisms of development with "civilizational content.

The introduction of the 14-19 Diploma into the English Qualifications framework was the most developed attempt at creating a vocational qualification which advanced beyond mere job training. The Diploma offered vocational education with occupational capacity, underpinned by functional skills and academic subject content. It was truly the first hybrid qualification that attempted to combine the hitherto separate vocational and academic curricula. This study examines the educational policies that led to the introduction of the Diploma and the reasons behind its ultimate failure and demise. The study comprises two parts. The first is an investigation into the continuing professional development needs that this new initiative created for teachers. This led to the publication in 2010 of a book, The Essential Guide to Teaching 14-19 Diplomas, a description and account of which is presented in this thesis. This book was the first of its kind aimed at supporting teachers working with the Diploma. The key research findings addressed were the need to understand the structure and constituent elements of the Diploma and to provide practical advice on how to deliver effective Initial Advice and Guidance (IAG), Personal Thinking and Learning Skills (PTLS) and Functional Skills. The second part of the study is concerned with the aftermath of the Diploma. This involved an examination of the professional ethos and standing of vocational subject teachers within the author’s consortium of colleges and schools involved in teacher training, and their reactions to the withdrawal of support for the qualification following the change of government in 2010. The study concludes with an analysis of a series of semi-structured interviews or ‘conversations’ with leading educationalists concerning their attitudes to, and involvement with, the development of the Diploma and any ‘lessons for the future’. The key findings from the second part of the study are there were several issues in the development and implementation of the Diploma that were critical factors leading to its demise. The first issue that arose from both the initial and final phases of the research was that the vocational Diploma was introduced very quickly following the rejection of Sir Mike Tomlinson’s proposals for linking academic and vocational learning. The qualification that was developed, the Vocational Diploma introduced in 2008, later renamed as the ‘Diploma’, only went part way to achieving the proposals put forward by Tomlinson. This was due to the complexity of collaboration between three sectors, pre- and post-compulsory education and employers, plus the complexity and breadth of the component parts of the qualification. Also arising from the research is that the rushed introduction did not allow the developers to pilot, review or consult effectively with the major stakeholders. The second issue, which is a thread throughout the research, is that the rush to implementation, coupled with the complexity of the qualification, demonstrated that there was a clear need for professional development within the teaching profession tasked with implementing the qualification. Indeed, the initial phase of the research highlights clear areas that teachers were unfamiliar with and were anxious about. The third issue that arises focuses on the demise of the qualification and the impact that it has had upon the teaching profession tasked with delivering it. The demise has created a certain disillusionment and loss of professional identity amongst the Diploma teachers and the teachers of vocational curriculum. There is now an uncertainty and mistrust in new vocational qualifications and there are real questions as to whether the Technical Baccalaureate, introduced in 2013, and the new 16-19 vocational study programmes are fit for purpose. The final issue is whether we should be looking back at the original proposals put forward by Tomlinson or whether we should be looking at a return to job-specific training. In conclusion, the common theme that arose from both sets of participants in the final stage of the study was of lost opportunities and the recognition that, after the demise of the diploma, there is a continuing state of policy confusion and that any new development needs to be from the ‘bottom up’.

Fundamentado no estÃgio e sua relaÃÃo com o desenvolvimento de competÃncias profissionais, este estudo pautou-se em trÃs questÃes norteadoras: 1) Quais as competÃncias adquiridas ou desenvolvidas pelos egressos de AdministraÃÃo oriundos de programas de estÃgio? Em que medida o estÃgio agregou na formaÃÃo no tocante Ãs competÃncias profissionais? E quais dessas competÃncias desenvolvidas estÃo em consonÃncia com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o curso de AdministraÃÃo? A partir dessas questÃes, este estudo teve como principal objetivo verificar a percepÃÃo dos egressos de AdministraÃÃo da Universidade Federal do Cearà sobre quais e em que grau as competÃncias profissionais foram desenvolvidas a partir de programas de estÃgio realizados e quais estÃo contempladas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. A sua relevÃncia consiste em abordar e contribuir com temas contemporÃneos como estÃgio e competÃncia, na Ãtica de egressos de AdministraÃÃo que realizaram estÃgios. O estudo caracterizou-se como exploratÃrio, descritivo e de natureza qualitativa. A pesquisa bibliogrÃfica abordou assuntos relacionados à educaÃÃo e trabalho, competÃncias e estÃgio de estudantes. A pesquisa de campo foi aplicada a 40 egressos da UFC que concluÃram seus cursos nos anos de 2005, 2006 e 2007. No processo de coleta de dados utilizou-se como instrumento o questionÃrio estruturado e anÃnimo. Para suporte na anÃlise de dados utilizou-se o Excel. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram concluir que o estÃgio contribui para aproximar a relaÃÃo teoria e prÃtica e desenvolver competÃncias importantes para a formaÃÃo profissional, inserÃÃo e permanÃncia no mercado de trabalho e no desenvolvimento da carreira. / Based on the apprenticeship and its relation with the development of professional competences, this study was ruled by three guiding questions: 1) What are the competences acquired or developed by the former students of Administration derived from the apprenticeship programs? 2) How much has the apprenticeship contributed to improve the professional competences? 3) Which of these competences, in the Administration course, match the National Curricular Rules? Based on these questions, this study had as its main objective to verify in the conception of former students from the Administration course in the Federal University of CearÃ, which competences and how much they were developed during the programs of apprenticeship, and which of them were agreed with the National Curricular Rules. Its relevance consists of approaching and contributing with modern themes such as apprenticeship and competence, through the former students in Administration view who had undergone the apprenticeships. The present study had an exploratory and descriptive characteristic. The bibliographical research approached issues related to education and work, as well as competences and students‟ apprenticeship. The field research involved 40 former students that had finished their courses in the following years: 2005, 2006, and 2007. In the process of data collection, a structures and anonymous questionnaire was used as a tool. Excel program was used as a support to data analysis. The research results allowed us to conclude that the apprenticeship contribute to approximate the relation between theory and practice as well as to develop competences that are important to the Professional formation, insertion and permanence into the working market and the development of the career too.

nÃo hà / A partir de dados da Prova Brasil de 2007, foi analisado o ganho de nota, quando o aluno possui a mesma raÃa do professor, utilizando a metodologia de DiferenÃas em DiferenÃas, para se testar a hipÃtese de identificaÃÃo racial nas escolas, que participaram do senso da Prova Brasil em 2007. Os resultados apresentaram confluÃncia com o artigo de Salvador (2010), que efetua o mesmo estudo. PorÃm ao ser incluÃdo o estimador de DiferenÃas em DiferenÃas, com o intuito de estimar o efeito mÃdio da identificaÃÃo racial, entre os grupos raciais contemplados, ocorreu, face aos dados obtidos, uma certa diferenÃa. Portanto, a identificaÃÃo racial entre as minorias raciais, agora, se mostrou nÃo significativa, e o ganho substancial por parte da identificaÃÃo se deu apenas no fenÃtipo racial branco. / Data collected from Prova Brasil 2007 were analyzed to detect the gain of the grade obtained when the student is of the same race as the professor. Using the methodology of Difference to Diffrence, for testing a hypothesis aiming at identifying racial identity in schools that participated in the Prova Brasil 2007 census. The results presented confluence with the article of Salvador (2010), related to the same field of study. However when included the estimator of Difference to Difference, in order to estimate the average racial identification among racial minorities, that estimator showed some diffrence regarding the data obtained. Therefore, identification among racial minorities slowed to be non significant, and substantial gain regarding to the identification referred only to the white racial phenotype.

This study has as its central focus an investigation into the existence and nature of the apprenticeship norm in the United States Senate. Over its history, the Senate has been frequently portrayed as a body guided by rather restrictive, informal rules of behavior for its members. The apprenticeship norm has been identified by some as the most important of these rules; contributing to the Senate's centralized and conservative policy orientation. More recently, however, it has been argued that the Senate has become a more decentralized and fragmented body within which the apprenticeship norm is no longer important. The present study offers for the first time an empirical test of the existence and nature of the apprenticeship norm for selected sessions of the Senate for the time period 1940-1976. The frequency of performance of various types of floor activity by members of the Senate were correlated and regressed with years of service in the Senate as well as with other background characteristics of Senators to test both for the existence of the apprenticeship norm as well as to identify its relevance relative to other potential explanations of Senate floor behavior. Several definitions of apprenticeship were advanced and tested.

The purpose of the study was to describe the nature of the architectural apprenticeship experience from a curricular, instructional, social, and transformative perspective to help interns move from novice status to entry-level expertise in architectural practice. The study examined the apprenticeship experience from a holistic perspective to develop a better understanding of the architectural internship program. To meet the study purpose and inquiry, a case study research design was used to explore and describe the nature of the apprenticeship experience from the perspectives of three stakeholder groups: the interns, the mentors, and the members of the community of practice (CoP). Overall, as evidenced by the perspectives of the Interns, the Firm serving as the case study emphasized all-aspects of architectural practice as the basis for the development of a holistic apprenticeship experience. That is, the Interns participated in the whole of the Firm’s architectural practice. Additionally, the Firm used work- and project-based learning as the vehicle for the apprenticeship curriculum and instruction. As a result, the Interns were grounded in authentic learning and work contexts requiring the application of architectural knowledge and skills. Further, because of the all-accepts of architectural practice and the grounding of work- based and project-based learning, the interns purposefully progressed in expertise through increased participation in architectural projects requiring enhanced demands in terms of knowledge and skills. Study findings highlighted the role of a holistic approach to the apprenticeship experience, the value of immersion in all aspects of architectural practice, and the firm’s commitment to be engaged in a process of shared transformation. As such, related findings should be helpful in the conceptualization and implementation of the architectural apprenticeship experience in the field.

M.Ed. (Curriculum Studies) / The purpose of this research is to set a structure for the practical training of N-course apprentices. This research focuses on the practical training of apprentices in the telecommunications field. However it has become clear that this structure can be applied to other fields of practical training for apprentices as well. It is important for all training officials who deal with practical training in the technical field to keep pace with the latest development in competency-based training in the technological world. Modular practical training focuses on the ability of the apprentice to master specific skills as required in his field of training. The training program comprises a set of instruction modules with set objectives which can be obtained only if followed by carrying out specific actions. The important characteristic of modular training is that the apprentice is expected to master all the modules set for his particular field of occupation at his own pace according to his individual talents and abilities. The individual trainee is held responsible for succesfully mastering all practical objectives set to him. These modules are arranged progressively and progress is measured with definite performance criteria. A practical module is a complete instructional unit. It comprises aims, objectives, a pre-test, contents with resource material and a final criterium test.