近二十年來台灣經濟發展快速，國民生活所得提高，使得生活水平不斷上升，消費意識跟著抬頭，新公共管理學派「顧客導向」蔚為風潮，並同時強調價值的調和與課責的概念，因此「評鑑」是決定績效或品質的有效方法。而有鑑於過去殯葬市場資訊封閉，民眾（消費者）在資訊不完全、不對稱的情形，無從得知殯葬禮儀服務業者的優缺點、服務項目與收費、申訴管道等，復以民眾對於喪葬儀式與服務品質亦有所新要求，政府應如何實施殯葬評鑑以提供民眾資訊，加強業者的企業倫理與社會責任，己刻不容緩。 本文旨對台北市政府自民國89年實施殯葬禮儀服務業評鑑之情形做一探討，以質性研究及文獻分析對不同規模葬儀業者、評鑑承辦人員及殯葬消費者等360度績效評估方法進行訪談，以期了解葬儀業者是否依評鑑的要求進而提高其人員素質及服務品質；另民眾對殯葬消費方式的選擇是否會受評鑑結果的影響，以及對殯葬服務之滿意度，這些就成為目前政府與民眾所關注的重要議題，也是本文探討的核心焦點。 本研究發現：一、殯葬禮儀服務業者與殯葬消費者均對辦理殯葬評鑑表示接受或肯定；二、殯葬評鑑的確會提升葬儀業者的人員素質及服務品質；三、殯葬評鑑宣導不足；四、殯葬評鑑未達獎優懲劣效果。再依研究發現提出七項建議：：一、針對業者規模「量身訂做」評鑑評分表；二、評鑑委員的配置需以不同領域之專家學者同組；三、評鑑獎項多元化；四、提供多元管道，加強宣導殯葬評鑑的資訊；五、殯葬消費價格及項目公開化；六、合理對殯葬業者獎優懲劣；七、加強對業者及民眾之教育。 目前國內生死意識抬頭、且生死教育正在起步，惟國內外均無殯葬評鑑之相關研究，期望本研究之濫觴，促使政府及民眾對殯葬評鑑之重視。 / The living standard has risen dramatically together with its consumers’ rights consciousness due to the rapid economic growth and the raising income in recent twenty years in Taiwan. In addition, the customer orientation of new public management has become a tendency and the reconciliation of its value and the concept of accountability are highly valued at the same time. Therefore, it is an effective way to decide the result or the quality by the evaluation. In view of the information of funeral markets is closed in the past and customers cannot know the advantage, disadvantage, service, charge and grievance system of morticians under the situation with incomplete information. Moreover, customers have new demand for the funeral ceremonies and the quality of services. Hence, the government should implement the funeral evaluation immediately in order to provide more information to customers and reinforce the business ethics as well as social responsibility of undertakers. The research aims at exploring the situation of implementing the funeral service evaluation of Taipei city government since 1990. This paper researched qualitatively and analyzed the literature by interviewing different scale of undertakers, people who are responsible for the evaluation and customers with multi-source assessment model in order to understand if morticians enhance their quality and services according to the demand of the evaluation. On the other hand, whether the evaluation’s results influence customers’ choice of a particular funeral service provider and their satisfactoriness become the important issues which the government and the public concern a lot at present. Furthermore, they are also the main focuses that this paper discusses about. It is found that both morticians and customers show their acceptance or approval of the funeral service evaluation. In addition, the funeral service evaluation indeed raises the quality and services of undertakers. Next, the education of the funeral service evaluation is not enough. Last, the funeral service evaluation does not achieve its effect of rewarding and punishing. Furthermore, seven suggestions are presented according to the research. First, make appropriate evaluation form in accordance with the scale of morticians. Second, the arrangement of evaluation committee members should be composed of scholars and experts in different fields. Third, the evaluation reward can be diversified. Fourth, provide various ways to reinforce the instruction of the funeral service evaluation information. Fifth, the prices and details of funeral services should come into the open. Sixth, reward the good and punish the bad undertakers reasonably. Finally, reinforce the education of morticians and the public. The public pay more attention to the consciousness of life and death at present and the education of life and death is beginning but there is no related research about the funeral service evaluation in Taiwan or abroad. The researcher hopes the source of this study will promote the government and the public value the funeral service evaluation.

如何客觀有系統的估計公告土地現值一直是土地估價研究領域的熱 門話題，目前公告土地現值的查估，多數以區段地價作為宗地地價，受限 人為主觀與人力不足的缺點，查估的結果並不一定能有效反應各區段間地 價差異。由於以往房地產實證研究的領域中，特徵方程式一直是受到廣泛 運用的工具，然多數著重於各別宗地價格進行模型設計，較少以地價區段 範圍建立估價模型。本研究以三峽鎮住宅區民國89 至98 年區段地價進行 實證分析。變數的選取主要是配合「地價調查估計規則」所規範影響普通 住宅用地區域因素基準，並將全部變項納入複迴歸模型中，先測試綜合影 響程度，再將未符合預期及篩選合理顯著變項重新建立區段地價估價模 型。實證顯示接近公車站牌之程度、區段內道路規劃及開闢建程度、景觀 有無、保排水良否、地勢是否高低起伏、至國中小距離、至市場超市距離、 至三峽老街距離、停車是否便利、至墓地殯儀館火葬場距離及是否具發展 潛力等11 項變數達顯著水準，於20%內之Hit Rate 達91.18%，MAPE 亦僅 7.9%，均能符合預期表現。本文透過區段地價估價模型之建立，提供電腦 輔助區段地價估價可行方案，藉以增進公告土地現值評估客觀及科學化程 度。 / How to estimate the announced current land value objectively and systematically is always a hot issue in land valuation research field. And, since the announced current land value is the foundation for levying the land value increment tax and compensation when land expropriation, the risk of unfairness might happen if the announced current land value is not objective and systematical. Under the announced current land value system, most parcel land values are produced using the district land value. Although decades of valuation experience by assessors, the district land value would not necessarily reflect fundamental value effectively. Taking into consideration of the difference between the degree the zoning affect the land value and the heterogeneity characteristic of land, this paper construct district land value model on different zoning. The empirical study region is the residential zoning area in the Sanshia Township, for its landscape with new and old mixed buildings, featuring metropolitan development characteristic, and stable sales transaction volume. The empirical time period is from 2000 to 2009. The district land value estimated from sales, collected from the Shulin Land Office, is the dependent variable. The selection of the independent variables is in line with the region factors of common residential area regulated by “The Regulations on the Land Value Investigation and Estimation” after combining similar attributes for easing the bias possibility from co linearity. The empirical result shows the significant variables are the ratio of constructed road area to total area within the land value district, parking convenience, development potentiality and the distance from bus station, junior, elementary schools, market, service facilities, graveyard, etc. The model fit is good with adj-R2. This paper hopes to increase the automation degree of the announced current land value and make the announced current land value objectively and systematically by establishment of the district land value model.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-12-06T13:34:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Fischer Gehres_.pdf: 3149638 bytes, checksum: 5cfbf940f991616da6304025e100c1c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-06T13:34:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Fischer Gehres_.pdf: 3149638 bytes, checksum: 5cfbf940f991616da6304025e100c1c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Nenhuma / Com o quadro recessivo apresentado pela economia brasileira nos últimos dois anos, houve uma exacerbação da concorrência no setor industrial. Assim, muitas empresas buscaram sua sobrevivência através de ganhos em produtividade e eficiência. Uma alternativa a ser considerada nesta situação é a implantação dos Sistemas de Produção Enxuta (SPE), derivados do Sistema Toyota de Produção. No entanto, a literatura reporta baixas taxas de sucesso na implantação dos SPE (entre 10 e 20%). Esta pesquisa investiga os motivos para esta baixa taxa de sucesso através de estudo de caso em duas empresas industriais do setor metal-mecânico. Para determinar as causas-raízes da baixa taxa de sucesso, utilizou-se a ARA – Árvore da Realidade Atual – ferramenta lógica pertencente ao Processo de Pensamento da Teoria das Restrições. A partir das causas-raízes foi proposto um Modelo de Diagnóstico para determinar a condição da empresa que pretende iniciar a implantação do SPE, indicando suas deficiências e aumentando suas chances de sucesso, caso ações corretivas sejam aplicadas. / Brazilian economy recession in the last two years led to a growing competition in the industry. Companies based their survival on productivity and efficiency enhancement. One possible alternative is Lean Manufacturing implementation, based on Toyota Production System. Nevertheless, literature reports low success rates on Lean Manufacturing implementation (between 10 and 20%). This research investigates the reasons for such a low success rate thought a case study on two metal industries. In order to identify the failure root causes, Current Reality Trees, derived from Theory of Constraints Thinking Process, were used. Based on the root causes, a Self-assessment Model was proposed to grade company situation before Lean Manufacturing implementation process starts. This way, deficiencies can be timely identified and actions taken, incresing success opportunity.

Coastal urban settlements require a special planning approach since they bring the concepts of &ldquo / urban&rdquo / and &ldquo / coastal&rdquo / together. In relation to the specific contents of these concepts, there are also different models of management plans. &ldquo / Urban Disaster Risk Management&rdquo / and &ldquo / Integrated Coastal Zone Management&rdquo / are two of them. Urban Disaster Risk Management model deals with the planning and management problems of urban settlements in the case of disaster risk conditions. Likewise, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model focuses on the whole coastal area and deals with the sustainable use and protection of all types of coastal resources. However, in case of urban coastal settlements, these models of management plans can be valid together, can overlap, and they can even conflict with each other. In this thesis study, these two models of management plan and their coexistence are considered. A Coastal Area Assessment Model is set up and applied for Iskenderun case. This model provides a detailed spatial analysis opportunity in planning and management of coastal urban settlement. Therefore the model offers a significant input for the planning process through determining urban and coastal risks at the same time. Coastal Area Assessment Model is a tool which takes both Urban Disaster Risk Management and Integrated Coastal Zone Management models&rsquo / concerns into account and evaluates the coastal settlement in terms of urban risk sectors and coastal management issues. This study also introduces an approach on classification of the coastal areas and coastal urban settlements while setting up the Coastal Area Assessment Model. Coastal Area Assessment Model becomes an advantageous tool since it has significant contributions to the planning process by making a simple risk analysis and guiding the proper utilization and protection of the population, built environment, and resources of the coastal areas. Risk sectors, coastal management issues, critical and prior intervention areas of a coastal urban settlement are easily determined, and preparation of development plans of a coastal settlement is guided by the implementation of Coastal Area Assessment Model. In addition to these, general principles on planning and management of coastal settlements are determined by the implementation of the model for the implementation conditions of Urban Disaster Risk Management model, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model, and the Coastal Area Assessment Model in Turkey are also discussed and presented.

<p>The Swedish electricity market was de-regulated in 1996, followed by new laws and a new regulation applied to the natural monopolies of electrical distribution systems (EDS). These circumstances have motivated distribution systems operators (DSOs) to introduce more comprehensive analysis methods. The laws, the regulation and additional incentives have been investigated within this work and results from this study can be valuable when developing risk methods or other quantitative methods applied to EDS. This tendency is not unique for Sweden, the results from a comparative study of customer outage compensation laws between Sweden and UK is for example included.</p><p>As a part of investigating these incentives, studies of the Swedish regulation of customer network tariffs have been performed which provide valuable learning when developing regulation models in different countries. The Swedish regulatory model, referred to as the Network Performance Assessment Model (NPAM), was created for one of the first de-regulated electricity markets in the world and has a unique and novel approach. For the first time, an overall presentation of the NPAM has been performed including description of the underlying theory as a part of this work. However, the model has been met by difficulties and the future usage of the model is uncertain. Furthermore, the robustness of the NPAM has been evaluated in two studies with the main conclusion that the NPAM is sensitive toward small variations in input data. Results from these studies are explained theoretically investigating algorithms of the NPAM.</p><p>A pre-study of a project on developing international test systems is presented and this ongoing project aims to be a useful input when developing risk methods. An application study is included with the approach to systematically describe the overall risk management process at a DSO including an evaluation and ideas of future developments. The main objective is to support DSOs in the development of risk management, and to give academic reference material to utilize industry experience. An idea of a risk management classification has been concluded from this application study. The study provides an input to the final objective of a quantitative risk method.</p>

The forensic assessment of young children is a difficult and often daunting task for professionals working in the field of child sexual abuse. A forensic assessment with pre-school children requires that the professional have knowledge of various aspects of the children themselves and the disclosure of abuse, and remain as neutral and objective as possible while conducting the assessment. Literature indicates that the knowledge of the child’s social, behavioural and developmental level is essential in order to conduct a developmental sensitive forensic interview. Although the term “pre-forensic screening” is relatively new in the field of forensics, Hewitt (1999) and Carnes (2006) refer to “pre-screening” and “developmental, behavioural and social assessment”, respectively. The study examined the usefulness of the General Child Assessment Model as a pre-forensic screening technique specifically for children aged 3-5 years. The researcher adopted a qualitative approach to explore the usefulness of the General Child Assessment Model as a pre-forensic screening instrument with professionals working in the clinical as well as forensic field. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals trained in the general child assessment model. The interviews focused on the professionals’ use of the model in general, the value they attached to the model, its usefulness as a pre-forensic screening instrument with children aged 3-5 years, strengths and limitations of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument, and practical recommendations for using the model in the forensic context. The data from the semi-structured interviews was analysed and divided into themes and subthemes, which were further described and linked with relevant literature .It became clear that the use of this assessment model had value in the therapeutic as well as forensic context. The model was described as an important and valuable part of the forensic process as it provides a holistic view of the child in context. The strengths and limitations of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument were also explored and the participants made practical recommendations to optimise the use of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument. In addition, a case study was used to evaluate the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument. / Thesis (MSW (Forensic Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The forensic assessment of young children is a difficult and often daunting task for professionals working in the field of child sexual abuse. A forensic assessment with pre-school children requires that the professional have knowledge of various aspects of the children themselves and the disclosure of abuse, and remain as neutral and objective as possible while conducting the assessment. Literature indicates that the knowledge of the child’s social, behavioural and developmental level is essential in order to conduct a developmental sensitive forensic interview. Although the term “pre-forensic screening” is relatively new in the field of forensics, Hewitt (1999) and Carnes (2006) refer to “pre-screening” and “developmental, behavioural and social assessment”, respectively. The study examined the usefulness of the General Child Assessment Model as a pre-forensic screening technique specifically for children aged 3-5 years. The researcher adopted a qualitative approach to explore the usefulness of the General Child Assessment Model as a pre-forensic screening instrument with professionals working in the clinical as well as forensic field. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals trained in the general child assessment model. The interviews focused on the professionals’ use of the model in general, the value they attached to the model, its usefulness as a pre-forensic screening instrument with children aged 3-5 years, strengths and limitations of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument, and practical recommendations for using the model in the forensic context. The data from the semi-structured interviews was analysed and divided into themes and subthemes, which were further described and linked with relevant literature .It became clear that the use of this assessment model had value in the therapeutic as well as forensic context. The model was described as an important and valuable part of the forensic process as it provides a holistic view of the child in context. The strengths and limitations of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument were also explored and the participants made practical recommendations to optimise the use of the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument. In addition, a case study was used to evaluate the model as a pre-forensic screening instrument. / Thesis (MSW (Forensic Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Text in Afrikaans with summaries in Afrikaans and English / This study addresses the problem of the lack of an assessment model for the reception year that is theoretically grounded and can be implemented in practice by developing an outcomes-based assessment model. Assessment in an outcomes-based approach moves from an evaluative model to a model designed to appraise the learner's development and learning. Learners are assessed continuously and in an holistic manner by means of multiple methods that are part of the daily facilitation of learning. Following an introductory orientation (chapter 1), it is indicated that despite the radical transformation in education there are as yet few signs of any direct impact on assessment practices in the reception year. The importance of assessment in an outcomes-based model is firmly rooted in official policies but its implementation in practice is problematic. Assessment in the reception year is also complicated by problems in teaching practice. The unique nature of outcomes-based teaching is analysed in depth in chapter 2 in order to draw up theoretical guidelines on which to base the assessment model. The theoretical reflection in chapter 3 provides answers to the question: "Why should assessment take place?" The question is answered after considering the distinctive nature of and main reasons for reception year teaching. In an outcomes-based teaching approach it is particularly important to answer this question because assessment is more than simply evaluating the extent to which demarcated contents have been mastered. Chapter 4 explores authentic assessment methods that accommodate the unique nature of reception year teaching and an outcomes-based approach. Methods such as parent interviews, portfolios of learners' work and observation by means of incident records, checklists and participation charts are appropriate assessment methods. The points at which assessment information is collected and how it is interpreted and communicated are also examined. The proposed model, based on the theoretical findings, was presented to experts in the field of early childhood development for their input on its practical implementability. It was found that the model can be implemented in practice, provided in-service training is provided. The final chapter of the study consists of a summary, findings and recommendations regarding the practical implementation of the assessment model in the reception year. / Educational Studies / D.Ed. (Teacher Education)

No description available.

The aim of this quantitative study was to develop and validate a model to measure the organisational effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa. The literature review phase explored the concept of organisational effectiveness and the assessment thereof in both the Public and Private Sectors. The literature review indicated that there is a clear distinction between business performance (operational and financial performance) and the larger concept of organisational effectiveness, and also that the measurement of organisational effectiveness in the Public Sector differed from the measurement thereof in the Private Sector. The literature review also indicated that measures of Public Sector effectiveness could not be directly applied to measure the effectiveness of Private Sector organisations. From the literature review a proposed theoretical model for measuring the organisational effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa was proposed. This proposed model included organisational and behavioural variables contained in traditional approaches to organisational effectiveness, variables that were identified in previous organisational effectiveness studies, as well as variables contained in existing assessment models of organisational effectiveness. This model was then validated during the empirical phase by conducting a survey of an existing metropolitan municipality in South Africa (n = 6514) and exposing the results of the survey to Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The confirmatory factor analysis conducted as part of SEM subsequently identified three main and 10 secondary statistically significant organisational and behavioural variables that could be used to measure the effectiveness of a metropolitan municipality in South Africa. The three main variables identified were (1) Healthy Systems, (2) Goal Achievement and (3) Service Delivery, while the 10 secondary variables identified were (1) Diversity, (2) Training & Development, (3) Rewards & Recognition, (4) Management Practices, (5) Internal Functioning, (6) Work Environment, (7) Interpersonal Relations, (8) Workforce Equity, (9) Customer Satisfaction and (10) Vision & Mission. It was thus recommended that metropolitan municipalities in South Africa could use this validated model as an assessment framework to measure their current organisational effectiveness, to identify aspects which need to be rectified to improve effectiveness, and to compare and benchmark their municipality in order to learn from other metropolitan municipalities to improve their effectiveness. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Admin. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)