Scaling tests aim to induce scaling behavior in concrete specimens similar to environmental conditions. The efficacy of laboratory tests’ ability to match environmental conditions is important to be able to evaluate the durability of concrete exposed to freeze-thaw cycles and de-icers. This study attempts to correlate results between two existing scaling test standards, ASTM C672 and the BNQ NQ 2621-900. The correlation is done via scaling evaluation including computer-based photogrammetric analysis, visual ratings, and cumulative mass loss measurements. Then a correlation between the laboratory testing and in-situ sidewalk panel specimens is made via visual ratings.

AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo / Os elevados teores de enxofre dos petrÃleos processados nas unidades de refino atacam o âcladâ de aÃo AISI 405 ou 410S, expondo o aÃo estrutural ao meio corrosivo. A recuperaÃÃo da regiÃo desgastada à feita pela aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 316L. Embora o aÃo AISI 316L garanta uma boa resistÃncia à corrosÃo naftÃnica, surgem trincas na zona afetada pelo calor da solda ( ZAC) apÃs um determinado perÃodo de operaÃÃo da unidade, associadas a problemas metalÃrgicos na ZAC e aos esforÃos de dilataÃÃo e contraÃÃo do conjnto âliningâ e parede da torre. Uma alternativa seria a aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 444 que tem resistÃncia à corrosÃo comparÃvel à do aÃo AISI 316L e coeficiente de expansÃo tÃrmica mais prÃximo do coeficiente do prÃprio material da torre. Contudo, ainda nÃo sÃo conhecidos os efeitos sobre o desempenho deste aÃo nas condiÃÃes de operaÃÃo da torre. Assim, neste trabalho estudou-se a viabilidade da aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 444 para a recuperaÃÃo da torre de destilaÃÃo em substituiÃÃo ao aÃo AISI 316L. Para tanto, foram avaliadas as condiÃÃes de fragilizaÃÃo do aÃo AISI 444 na temperatura mÃxima da torre ( em torno de 400ÂC) e na temperatura de 475ÂC, atravÃs da mediÃÃo da dureza Brinell e do ensaio de impacto Charpy-V. Corpos de prova de aÃo AISI 444 e AISI 316L soldados sobre chapas de aÃo ASTM A516 Gr60 foram submetidos a ciclos de Fadiga TÃrmica e, apÃs cada ciclo (20 ao todo), passaram por uma inspeÃÃo para verificar a existÃncia de trincas. Logo apÃs foi feita a caracterizaÃÃo microestrutural da ZAC. TambÃm foram retiradas amostras apÃs os ensaios de Fadiga TÃrmica para serem submetidas a tratamentos em petrÃleo na temperatura de 300 C. ApÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo, as amostras passaram por uma avaliaÃÃo no microscÃpio eletrÃnica de varredura. Foram medidas as massas dos corpos de prova antes e apÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo para determinar a perda de massa provocada pelo ambiente corrosivo. Os resultados indicam que a submissÃo do aÃo AISI 444 ao tratamento tÃrmico, nas temperaturas de 400 a 475ÂC, causa a fragilizaÃÃo do mesmo e um aumento da temperatura de transiÃÃo dÃctil frÃgil para valores acima de 30 C, mas abaixo de 60 C. Os aÃos AISI 316L e AISI 444 nÃo apresentam trincas apÃs os ensaios de Fadiga TÃrmica e nem apÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo. O uso do aÃo AISI 444 pode representar uma reduÃÃo nos custos nas paradas das torres de destilaÃÃo uma vez que este apresentou menores taxas de corrosÃo que o aÃo AISI 316L. / Os elevados teores de enxofre dos petrÃleos processados nas unidades de refino atacam o âcladâ de aÃo AISI 405 ou 410S, expondo o aÃo estrutural ao meio corrosivo. A recuperaÃÃo da regiÃo desgastada à feita pela aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 316L. Embora o aÃo AISI 316L garanta uma boa resistÃncia à corrosÃo naftÃnica, surgem trincas na zona afetada pelo calor da solda ( ZAC) apÃs um determinado perÃodo de operaÃÃo da unidade, associadas a problemas metalÃrgicos na ZAC e aos esforÃos de dilataÃÃo e contraÃÃo do conjnto âliningâ e parede da torre. Uma alternativa seria a aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 444 que tem resistÃncia à corrosÃo comparÃvel à do aÃo AISI 316L e coeficiente de expansÃo tÃrmica mais prÃximo do coeficiente do prÃprio material da torre. Contudo, ainda nÃo sÃo conhecidos os efeitos sobre o desempenho deste aÃo nas condiÃÃes de operaÃÃo da torre. Assim, neste trabalho estudou-se a viabilidade da aplicaÃÃo de um âliningâ de aÃo AISI 444 para a recuperaÃÃo da torre de destilaÃÃo em substituiÃÃo ao aÃo AISI 316L. Para tanto, foram avaliadas as condiÃÃes de fragilizaÃÃo do aÃo AISI 444 na temperatura mÃxima da torre ( em torno de 400ÂC) e na temperatura de 475ÂC, atravÃs da mediÃÃo da dureza Brinell e do ensaio de impacto Charpy-V. Corpos de prova de aÃo AISI 444 e AISI 316L soldados sobre chapas de aÃo ASTM A516 Gr60 foram submetidos a ciclos de Fadiga TÃrmica e, apÃs cada ciclo (20 ao todo), passaram por uma inspeÃÃo para verificar a existÃncia de trincas. Logo apÃs foi feita a caracterizaÃÃo microestrutural da ZAC. TambÃm foram retiradas amostras apÃs os ensaios de Fadiga TÃrmica para serem submetidas a tratamentos em petrÃleo na temperatura de 300 C. ApÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo, as amostras passaram por uma avaliaÃÃo no microscÃpio eletrÃnica de varredura. Foram medidas as massas dos corpos de prova antes e apÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo para determinar a perda de massa provocada pelo ambiente corrosivo. Os resultados indicam que a submissÃo do aÃo AISI 444 ao tratamento tÃrmico, nas temperaturas de 400 a 475ÂC, causa a fragilizaÃÃo do mesmo e um aumento da temperatura de transiÃÃo dÃctil frÃgil para valores acima de 30 C, mas abaixo de 60 C. Os aÃos AISI 316L e AISI 444 nÃo apresentam trincas apÃs os ensaios de Fadiga TÃrmica e nem apÃs o tratamento em petrÃleo. O uso do aÃo AISI 444 pode representar uma reduÃÃo nos custos nas paradas das torres de destilaÃÃo uma vez que este apresentou menores taxas de corrosÃo que o aÃo AISI 316L. / The high sulfur content of oil processed in the refining units attack the "clad" steel AISI 405 or 410S, exposing the structural steel to the corrosive medium. The recovery of the eroded region is made by applying a "lining" of AISI 316L steel. Although steel AISI 316L ensure good corrosion resistance naphthenic, cracks appear in the heat affected zone of the weld (HAZ) after a certain period of operation of the unit, metallurgical problems associated with the HAZ and the efforts of expansion and contraction of conjnto " lining "of the tower and wall. An alternative would be the application of a "lining" of AISI 444 steel having corrosion resistance comparable to the AISI 316L steel and the thermal expansion coefficient closer to the coefficient of the material itself of the tower. However, are not yet known effects on the performance of the steel in the conditions of operation of the tower. In this work we studied the feasibility of applying a "lining" steel AISI 444 for the recovery of the distillation tower to replace the steel AISI 316L. Thus, we evaluated the conditions of embrittlement of AISI 444 in the maximum temperature of the tower (about 400  C) and temperature of 475  C, by measuring the Brinell hardness and Charpy impact test-V. Specimens of AISI 444 and AISI 316L welded onto steel plates ASTM A516 Gr60 were subjected to thermal fatigue cycles and after each cycle (20 in all), passed an inspection to check for cracks. Soon after it was made microstructural characterization of ZAC. Also samples were taken after the thermal fatigue tests in order to undergo treatment in oil at a temperature of 300  C. After treatment in oil, the samples underwent an evaluation in the scanning electron microscope. Were measured masses of the samples before and after treatment in oil to determine the weight loss caused by the corrosive environment. The results indicate that the subjection of the AISI 444 steel to thermal treatment at temperatures 400-475  C, causes embrittlement of the same and increasing the temperature of transition ductile brittle to values ​​above 30  C but below 60  C. The AISI 316L and AISI 444 do not exhibit cracks after the tests and Thermal Fatigue or after treatment in oil. The use of steel AISI 444 may represent a cost savings in the charts of distillation towers since it showed the lowest corrosion rates than steel AISI 316L. / The high sulfur content of oil processed in the refining units attack the "clad" steel AISI 405 or 410S, exposing the structural steel to the corrosive medium. The recovery of the eroded region is made by applying a "lining" of AISI 316L steel. Although steel AISI 316L ensure good corrosion resistance naphthenic, cracks appear in the heat affected zone of the weld (HAZ) after a certain period of operation of the unit, metallurgical problems associated with the HAZ and the efforts of expansion and contraction of conjnto " lining "of the tower and wall. An alternative would be the application of a "lining" of AISI 444 steel having corrosion resistance comparable to the AISI 316L steel and the thermal expansion coefficient closer to the coefficient of the material itself of the tower. However, are not yet known effects on the performance of the steel in the conditions of operation of the tower. In this work we studied the feasibility of applying a "lining" steel AISI 444 for the recovery of the distillation tower to replace the steel AISI 316L. Thus, we evaluated the conditions of embrittlement of AISI 444 in the maximum temperature of the tower (about 400  C) and temperature of 475  C, by measuring the Brinell hardness and Charpy impact test-V. Specimens of AISI 444 and AISI 316L welded onto steel plates ASTM A516 Gr60 were subjected to thermal fatigue cycles and after each cycle (20 in all), passed an inspection to check for cracks. Soon after it was made microstructural characterization of ZAC. Also samples were taken after the thermal fatigue tests in order to undergo treatment in oil at a temperature of 300  C. After treatment in oil, the samples underwent an evaluation in the scanning electron microscope. Were measured masses of the samples before and after treatment in oil to determine the weight loss caused by the corrosive environment. The results indicate that the subjection of the AISI 444 steel to thermal treatment at temperatures 400-475  C, causes embrittlement of the same and increasing the temperature of transition ductile brittle to values ​​above 30  C but below 60  C. The AISI 316L and AISI 444 do not exhibit cracks after the tests and Thermal Fatigue or after treatment in oil. The use of steel AISI 444 may represent a cost savings in the charts of distillation towers since it showed the lowest corrosion rates than steel AISI 316L.

A wide range of professions is enjoying the privilege of standardized work, where a document states what operations are the best way to go about any given task. In the work of a digital forensic examiner, standards and guidelines are harder to define given the full range of tasks and continuously developing digital aspect. This study has the goal of mapping out existing digital forensic standards and examining whether or not any digital standards and guidelines are being used in the field of law enforcement. This study is also setting out to explain why, or why not these standards and guidelines are being used. This task is being performed using a literary study, using existing digital forensic standards, and also a set of interviews targeting digital forensics working in law enforcement. The study shows how digital forensic standards are not actively being used, and when guidelines are being used, they are used somewhat vaguely and not firmly enforced. The work of a digital forensic proves to use a more “best practice” approach where experience and competence are key. Standards and guidelines are being used so rarely because, with the extremely different cases, the constant development of technology, and the use of “unrestrained evaluation of evidence”; it simply cannot exist without limiting the digital forensic process.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jeferson Dallmann.pdf: 9554696 bytes, checksum: 3e83174b0575144859c3ad1f9ecb07de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this paper, the design, construction and validation of a Vertical and Horizontal Rubber Wheel Abrasometer were performed. Based on the equipment proposed by ASTM G-65 and by Hutchings and Stevenson, this paper proposes merging into one abrasive wear testing machine, an equipment capable of operating as a Vertical Rubber Wheel Abrasometer or as Horizontal Rubber Wheel Abrasometer. Contrary to the use of dead weights, the application of force against the wheel in the sample is performed by a pneumatic cylinder, and its intensity is controlled by a load cell. The other dimensional parameters and test conditions follow those proposed by ASTM G- 65. To assess the repeatability of the tests, specimens of SAE 1015 and AISI D2 hardened and tempered were used. The results showed that the equipment operates in satisfactory condition when operated as a Vertical Rubber Wheel Abrasometer, where the samples showed values of volumetric losses of material expected in the literature. Already in operational condition as Horizontal Rubber Wheel Abrasometer, equipment needs a better calibration, because although smaller friction rates being found, the results don t showed good repeatability. / Neste trabalho foram realizados o projeto, construção e validação de um Abrasômetro Roda de Borracha Vertical e Horizontal. Com base nos equipamentos propostos pela norma ASTM G-65 e por Hutchings e Stevenson, este trabalho propõe agregar em uma só máquina de ensaios de desgaste abrasivo, um equipamento capaz de realizar testes operando como um Abrasômetro Roda de Borracha Vertical ou como um Abrasômetro Roda de Borracha Horizontal. Contrário ao uso de pesos mortos, a aplicação da força na amostra contra a roda é realizada por um sistema pneumático, e sua intensidade medida por uma célula de carga. Os demais parâmetros dimensionais e especificações de ensaio seguem os propostos pela norma ASTM G-65. Para avaliar a reprodutibilidade do equipamento, corpos de prova confeccionados em aço SAE 1015 e aço AISI D2 temperado e revenido foram utilizados. Os resultados mostraram que o equipamento opera em condições satisfatórias na configuração de Abrasômetro Roda de Borracha Vertical, onde as amostras apresentaram valores de perdas volumétricas de material esperadas pela literatura. Já na configuração de operação Roda de Borracha Horizontal, o equipamento necessita de uma melhor calibração, pois, apesar de taxas de desgaste menores serem encontradas, os resultados não apresentaram boa repetibilidade.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-16T18:03:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 YguatyaraDeLunaMachado_TESE.pdf: 3932579 bytes, checksum: ff6076d950bb4fc98594b19efe56ff78 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2017-01-16T18:14:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 YguatyaraDeLunaMachado_TESE.pdf: 3932579 bytes, checksum: ff6076d950bb4fc98594b19efe56ff78 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T18:14:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YguatyaraDeLunaMachado_TESE.pdf: 3932579 bytes, checksum: ff6076d950bb4fc98594b19efe56ff78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis tem como principal miss?o regulamentar e especificar toda a produ??o e comercializa??o do biodiesel produzido em territ?rio nacional. Para a sua comercializa??o ? necess?rio que o biodiesel passe por um controle r?gido de qualidade, bem como esteja devidamente especificado pelas principais normas. A estabilidade oxidativa que ? um dos par?metros incluso pela norma europ?ia EN 14214 vem adquirindo cada vez mais espa?o em pesquisas por estar intrinsecamente relacionada ? qualidade do biodiesel. Biodiesel ? uma mistura de ?steres alqu?licos de ?cidos graxos obtido, convencionalmente, atrav?s da rea??o de transesterifica??o de um ?leo vegetal ou gordura animal. No entanto, a natureza da mat?ria-prima a qual lhe dar? origem ? um dos fatores determinantes em seu grau de estabilidade, visto que por apresentarem insatura??es em n?mero e em distintas posi??es os tornam suscept?veis ao ataque do oxig?nio atmosf?rico e a condi??es de elevadas temperaturas proporcionando, assim, a sua degrada??o. Uma das principais problem?ticas enfrentadas, atualmente, pela ind?stria de biodiesel prov?m da sua baixa estabilidade levando a uma diminui??o de sua qualidade por longos per?odos de armazenamento sendo necess?ria a aplica??o de antioxidantes. Nesta tese, um estudo cin?tico experimental baseado no consumo de diferentes antioxidantes sint?ticos adicionados em distintas concentra??es foi realizado com amostras de ?leos vegetais de moringa (Moringa oleifera) e de maracuj? (Passiflora edulis), ?cido ol?ico estocado (AO) durante seis e dezoito meses e biodiesel de soja (Glycine max L.) e girassol (Helianthus annuus) em diferentes temperaturas, a uma press?o de oxig?nio puro a 700 kPa, utilizando a metodologia ASTM D7545 (PetroOXY). O modelo de primeira ordem obtido para o ?leo de moringa, amostras de ?cido ol?ico estocado (AO) e biodiesel de soja permitiu obter informa??es a respeito de par?metros, tais como: concentra??o cr?tica e concentra??o de antioxidante natural inerente ? amostra avaliada , informando que o ?ltimo n?o exerceu influ?ncia, a n?o ser inicialmente, no processo oxidativo das mesmas. Enquanto, o par?metro determinado para o modelo de ordem zero para as amostras de ?leo de maracuj? e girassol relacionou-se a diferentes reatividades da mat?ria-prima. A estabilidade das amostras determinadas pela entalpia de ativa??o (?HA) deu-se na seguinte ordem: ?HA (?leo de moringa) > ?HA (?leo de maracuj?); ?HA (AO 6 meses) ?HA (AO 18 meses) e ?HA (biodiesel de soja) > ?HA (biodiesel de girassol). Fatores de estabiliza??o desempenharam diferentes pap?is na estabiliza??o dos sistemas estudados. Concentra??o de antioxidante e temperatura mostraram distintas influ?ncias, no processo oxidativo, para as amostras de ?leos vegetais e ?cido ol?ico estocadas (AO) acompanhadas pelos seus ?ndices de acidez. / Oxidative stability is a parameter included in the European standard EN 14214 and is closely associated with the quality of biodiesel. The biodiesel is usually obtained in a transterification reaction vegetable oil or animal fat. However, the composition of the raw resources biodiesel is obtained from influences the stability degree of the latter, particularly when biodiesel is stored for long periods of time, causing its degradation, thereby reducing biodiesel quality and making it inadequate for trade. In this thesis, an experimental kinetic study based on the consumption of several synthetic antioxidants added in various concentrations to vegetable oils of moringa (Moringa oleifera), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and oleic acid (AO) stored for six and eighteen months at the temperatures 110 ?C, 120 ?C, 130 ?C and 140 ?C, as well as biodiesel from soybean (Glycine max L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oils at the temperatures 130 ?C, 135 ?C, 140 ?C and 145 ?C at a 700 kPa pure oxygen pressure, using the ASTM D7545 Method (PetroOXY). It has been obtained a first order reaction kinetic model for oleic acid, soybean biodiesel and moringa oil samples, while for passion fruit oil and sunflower biodiesel samples a zero order reaction kinetic model has been obtained. Parameter 0,CICCCC??? determined for the zero order model was related to distinct composition variations of the raw resources. The stability order of samples established using activation enthalpy (?HA) was the following: ?HA (moringa oil) > ?HA (Passion fruit oil); ?HA (oleic acid stored for six months) ? ?HA (oleic acid stored for eighteen months) and ?HA (soybean biodiesel) > ?HA (sunflower biodiesel). In all evaluated temperatures except for 140?C, acid numbers for passion fruit oil with antioxidants added have increased after storage, while for the moringa oil a random behavior has been observed.

The present work deals with developing a tribological test machine that had been built earlier but did not function properly. It was giving out abnormal noises and vibrations and was not corresponding to its desired functions. In this study, the root of these problems is analyzed and some solutions are suggested by developing a new construction concept for the machine.

The thesis deals with austenitic stainless steel ČSN 42 2930, ASTM A351 CF8 and evaluates its mechanical and technological properties. The first part of this work is focused on properties of austenitic steels, it describes the process of melting and casting of steel on the basis of the realized experiments. It also deals with the mechanical properties of the used steel. The second section of the thesis is dedicated to the historical development of the maximum fluidity tests and main factors affecting the maximum fluidity of alloys. Maximum fluidity values have been processed on the basis of different casting temperatures of the maximum fluidity tests of the used steel. The third part of the work examines the effect of the casting temperature on the feeding distance of the used steel as well as the influence on its shrinkage rate.

No description available.

Duplex stainless steel (DSS) that developed in the 1930’s is a type of steel that consists of bothaustenite and ferrite phases in an almost equal proportion. It inherits properties of both ferriticand austenitic stainless steel and so it has good mechanical and corrosion resistance propertiesthat makes it suitable material in different industries with aggressive environment. There aredifferent approaches that used to evaluate the susceptibility of stainless steels to pitting corrosionlike Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) and electrochemical methodologies. In thisstudy, focus is on the potentiodynamic (AL 101 5170) and potentiostatic (ASTM G150) testmethods as laboratory evaluations in which standard DSS (2205) is exposed to the differentchloride concentrations 0.1 M and 1 M respectively. In these methods parameters like PittingPotential (Ep) and Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT) can be measured respectively and used topredict the susceptibility of DSS to pitting corrosion. DSS owes its good corrosion resistance tothe oxide film that protects the metal from corrosion. Pitting can be initiated as a result of anyheterogeneities on the metal surface which act as a passive film defect like non-metallicinclusions and intermetallic precipitations such as sigma phase when metal is exposed toaggressive environment and high temperature. The aim of the present work is to make acomparison between two electrochemical methods besides finding how inclusions andmicrostructure can have impact on their results and on pitting corrosion. The results of theexperiment shows that there is a positive linear relation only in longitudinal direction betweenCPT and Ep. Also, among two test methods only ASTM G150 can detect sigma phase existence(<3%). Based on investigations in this experiment, inclusion characteristics such as numberdensity and composition has compatible results in both methods so that samples with big sizeinclusions (>8 μm) have negative effect on corrosion resistance and in terms of composition,samples with nitride inclusions has lower CPT and Ep compared with those with only oxide oroxide/sulfide inclusions. It is also discovered that phase arrangement is not the same in allspecimens that produced by different production methods and samples with finer phases havehigher CPT values in both longitudinal and transvers directions. However, this shape ofmicrostructure only affect the Ep in longitudinal directions but not transvers.

Aircraft are often designed with numbers determined by testing in a lab, rather than by repeatedly building prototypes. These lab tests conform to testing specifications so that the numbers can be compared between manufacturers, suppliers, and lab technicians. One such specification is ASTM specification E238 – 84(08), and it is used to determine important properties of a bearing pin joint like hinges, bolt holes, and rivet joints. The properties determined from this fastener-through-plate method are bearing strength, bearing yield strength, and bearing stiffness. Adhering to the methods outlined in ASTM E238, a study was performed, looking at the effects that plate material, fastener used, fastener lubrication, and plate hole preparation method (whether drilled and reamed or just drilled) have on the three bearing joint properties. The plate materials used were Al 7050 – T7451, Ti – 6Al – 4V (mill annealed), and PH13 – 8Mo – H1000. The fasteners were Ti – 6Al – 4V screws, coated A286 screws, and high speed steel (HSS) pins used as a control. Lubrication was tested using a corrosion inhibitor, PR – 1776M B – 2 from PRC – DeSoto, on the fastener or leaving the fastener uncoated. The HSS pins were always tested in the uncoated condition. 54 runs were performed, as outlined by a D-optimal design of experiment. It was discovered from the statistical analysis of the results via ANOVA that both the plate material used and the pin material, whether a screw or a pin, had a significant effect on the bearing strength, bearing yield strength, and bearing stiffness. The interaction between the two factors was also significant on all responses but the bearing stiffness. PH13 – 8Mo – H1000 plates seemed to perform best on average, followed by Ti – 6Al – 4V plates, then Al 7050 – T7451 plates. PH13 – 8Mo – H1000 and Ti – 6Al – 4V plates had similar bearing strength and bearing yield strength averages with the HSS control pins being used, which had the highest mean values for a given plate and fastener. The Ti – 6Al – 4V and A286 screws behaved and performed statistically similar in most cases, except when hole preparation method was take into account. The Ti – 6Al – 4V screws performed better when the hole was drilled and reamed, while the coated A286 screws performed better when the hole was drilled only. All screws had lower resulting bearing properties than the HSS control pins. It was also found that ASTM specification E238 – 84(08) is a precise test method, since the method could be performed repeatably and reliably with no missing data points. Therefore, this ASTM testing method is reasonable for determining bearing properties, which can then be used to design aircraft.